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ASPECTE ETICE, SOCIO-PSIHOLOGICE ŞI MEDICALE ALE NEGLIJĂRII COPILULUI

Author(s): Diaconescu Smaranda,Magdalena Iorga,Olaru Claudia,Gimiga Nicoleta / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2015

Child neglect was and continues to be a matter of both professional and public interest, thoroughly debated by child protection researchers and specialists, sociologists, psychologists and social workers, specialists in education and health. Drawing on some examples encountered in current medical practice, we tried to identify the causal factors of child neglect from a medical point of view and the attitude that healthcare professionals should adopt towards such situations. The correct and efficient management of medical neglect cases requires an assessment of the child’s needs, the identification of the parents’ resources and guidance of their efforts so as to properly cater to the child’s needs for the purpose of ensuring the optimum health of the latter.

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ETHICAL, SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND MEDICAL ASPECTS OF CHILD NEGLECT

Author(s): Diaconescu Smaranda,Magdalena Iorga,Olaru Claudia,Gimiga Nicoleta / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

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Empirical Study on the Creative Accounting Phenomenon

Author(s): Lucian Cernuşca,David Delia,Cristina Nicolaescu,Bogdan Cosmin Gomoi / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

The present study aims to analyze the accounting professionals’ point of view as opposed to the stu-dents and master students’ one, regarding the creative accounting phenomenon existence and mani-festation forms. In order to accomplish this objective, there has been used the poll/investigation, as a research method and the questionnaire, as a research instrument. Within the study, there is suggested the testing of more hypotheses that contribute to the clarifying of the aspects wished to be analyzed through the research. These hypotheses’ acceptance or rejection is based on the „chi-square‖ (Karl Pearson) statistical test and rank ordering method. Trying to elaborate a global conclusion of the questionnaire, there could be noticed the fact that over 50% from the questioned accounting students are not tempted to use the creative accounting practices and techniques in order to optimize the taxation without breaking the actual law regulations. At the opposite side, more than a half from the questioned accounting professi-onals would use these practices without breaking the law regulations that lead to the taxation’s opti-mization. The creative accounting has a negative connotation if the accurate image of the financial posi-tion and of the performance is not targeted because it represents the essential factor for elaborating and grounding the accounting policies. However, the positive side of the creative accounting is not excluded, given that one appeals to the „fair‖ professional judgment of the accounting professionals and to the good faith of managers.

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DI-VIZIJE DRUŽBENEGA SVETA IN POTENCIALNOST DELOVANJA V INTERSUBJEKTIVNOSTI

Author(s): Nina Perger / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 086/2018

In this article, we analyse theoretical works of P. Bourdieu and J. Butler regarding how they approach the intersection of objective structures and social actors. While Bourdieu emphasises social reproduction with the concepts of habitus and undetermined embodiment of objective structures, J. Butler focuses on subversions through the concepts of performativity and non-identical and, as such, always ‘unsuccessful’ reiterations of social norms. Moreover, they both primarily focus on the individual level, neglecting the level of intersubjectivity that in Bourdieu’s work is mostly considered through the principle of homology, while J. Butler, along with certain other authors, acknowledges intersubjectivity in terms of its potential ‘supporting’ infrastructure and alternative schemes of marginalised, alternative di-visions of the social world.

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Правна култура и възпитание

Author(s): Sofka Mateeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2014

The paper deals with issues with regard to the legal culture and upbringing as a precondition for the legal regulation effectiveness in modern democratic states. These issues are interpreted as part of the culture of the society which englobes knowledge, beliefs, customs, laws and various other abilities, which human beings get to, know in the process of their socialization. The philosophic and sociological understanding of culture is being considered as a system of complex and multi-layer structure, formed historically. Legal culture as part of the general culture of the society is related to the use of legal values, which may motivate people towards a positive social behavior without external intervention or compulsion.

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Transferring Aggression from Family to Social Life

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Transferring Aggression from Family to Social Life

Author(s): Gabriel Nicolae Pricină / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

The personal development of young people is influenced by a number of factors that have been manifested since the primary socialization period. The paradigm of risk factors provides the opportunity to identify causal relationships between individual or social factors and individual behavior later on. This article results from a field research conducted in 2016. The analytical perspective resulting from the risk factors paradigm reveals that the traumatic experience of aggression learned from an early age influences in a significant manner the child's later behavior. Moreover, the association of this factor, the aggressiveness experience, with other factors such as poverty, the group of friends, dysfunctional family relationships, long-time outside school and family, such as the time spent on the streets or neighborhood, generates a massive risks to social integration of young people. The solutions of the study are focused on adapting and developing the social integration systems of young people in difficult situations, detailing the institutionalized youth categories that are vulnerable to the social challenges generated by the increased competitiveness and lack of support for the harmonious personal development.

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Whistleblowing – a Mechanism for Collecting Data on Non-Compliance with the Principles of Administrative Law in Order to Mitigate Risks

Author(s): Emil Bălan,Iulia Cospanaru / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

Clear, consistent and predictable rules applicable to the administrative activities of the EU institutions, as well as deepening the EU integration are crucial in order to create a European administrative space. Building on the need to achieving this goal, the paper analyses the object, the procedure applicable, the legal regime and the safeguards granted to whistleblowers, as well as the role of the whistleblowing as a preventive or risk mitigation mechanism for those situations in which non-compliance with the principles of administrative law may affect the validity of documents, the performance of the legal competencies of the institution or citizens` rights. It raises awareness on risks and costs of non-compliance with the principles of the administrative law and good administration standards, as well as on the vulnerabilities and effects it can generate. The document also places whistleblowing in the context of control mechanism available for verifying the compliance of concrete administrative activities with these principles, as a solution to identify and retrieve breaches from within the institution. To draw conclusions, this paper builds on the above analysis and the current Romanian good practice in the field, and frames a series of recommendations for improving the procedure applicable to whistleblowing.

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Mediation an Important Segment of Kosovo Legal System for Alternative Civil Dispute Resolution

Author(s): Rrustem Qehaja,Isuf Jahmurataj / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

States in transition and which are building state mechanisms face numerous challenges and problems. Among challenges that Kosovo face is building a legal system which should be in accordance with universal legal values. In order to strengthen the legal system have been foreseen also various supportive mechanisms in terms of completing the system and reflecting on a more efficient judicial system. As supportive mechanisms are arbitration and mediation, hence through their application the judicial system has also various alternatives concerning dispute resolution. Through this working paper we intend to elaborate the Kosovo mediation historic and its transition from a traditional mediation to mediation under legislation. We tend to handle also mediation as the Kosovo legal system part. We shall be focusing on alternative civil dispute resolution through mediation. Through this working paper shall be elaborated also the importance of this institute within legal system and citizens approach to justice which is one of the most fundamental human rights guaranteed by domestic and international legal acts.

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Między naukowością a populizmem penalnym. Kilka uwag o socjalizacji prawnej w kontekście polskich regulacji przestępstw seksualnych

Author(s): Klaudia Gaczoł / Language(s): Polish Issue: 85/2018

The aim of the article is to analyze the phenomenon of legal socialization in the context of Polish regulations of sexual crimes. It will allow ascertaining whether the legislative actions undertaken meet the current social needs and above all whether they are truly effective. Legal awareness and internalization of values represented by applicable legal norms have fundamental significance in this process. The citizens’ attitude to the state penal system is the most important phenomenon, which is inextricably linked to ever-evolving views on punishment. It is worth considering whether the legal socialization really matters to the social perception of law and the level and type of its social legitimacy. This issue seems to be particularly interesting especially due to the thesis of the ‘crisis of law’ formulated for years in Poland and the lack of its scientific legitimacy. The influence of media on social attitudes, shaping stereotypes about the operation of the law and the justice system as well as the penal-populist rhetoric, which additionally deepens the alienation of the scientific community is also important for the phenomenon discussed here. // Celem artykułu jest analiza zjawiska socjalizacji prawnej w kontekście polskich regulacji przestępstw seksualnych. Pozwoli to stwierdzić, czy podejmowane działania prawodawcze odpowiadają aktualnym potrzebom społecznym i przede wszystkim – czy odnoszą zamierzone skutki. Świadomość prawna oraz internalizacja wartości zawartych w obowiązujących normach prawnych ma w tym procesie znaczenie fundamentalne. Stosunek obywateli do funkcjonującego w państwie systemu karnego jest zatem zjawiskiem kluczowym, nierozerwalnie związanym z wciąż ewoluującymi poglądami na karę. Warto więc zastanowić się nad tym, czy socjalizacja prawna rzeczywiście ma znaczenie dla społecznej percepcji prawa oraz poziomu i rodzaju jego legitymizacji wśród społeczeństwa. Zagadnienie to wydaje się być szczególnie atrakcyjne chociażby z uwagi na formułowane w Polsce od lat tezy o „kryzysie prawa” i braku jego naukowej legitymizacji. Nie bez znaczenia dla omawianego tu zjawiska jest również wpływ mediów na postawy społeczne, kształtowanie się stereotypów dotyczących działania prawa i wymiaru sprawiedliwości oraz penalnopopulistyczna retoryka, która dodatkowo pogłębia alienację środowiska naukowego.

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Синергетический подход в реализации адаптации и социализации иностранных студентов к образовательно-воспитательному процессу вуза

Author(s): Roman Sergeevich Nagovitsyn,Maria Vladimirovna Saltykova,Marina Vladimirovna Maksimova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2018

Introduction. The study focuses on providing conceptual theoretical and methodological frameworks for educational process in multi-level multicultural groups. The purpose of the research is to reveal the peculiarities of adopting a synergetic approach to the promotion of adaptation and socialization of foreign students to the educational process of the university. Materials and Methods. A synergistic approach is undertaken for the research purposes. In order to solve the research problems, the authors employed a complex of complementary theoretical methods including the analysis of Russian and foreign educational theory, general scientific methods such as classification, comparison and generalization; experimental methods based on diagnostic tools and mathematical and statistical data-processing. Level characteristics of the indicators of foreign students’ adaptation and socialization were developed for different samples of students using a normal (Gaussian) distribution. Results. The authors substantiated the use of a synergistic approach to the instruction of foreign students. The main essence of utilizing this approach is in organizing strictly systematized group classroom activities guided by a teacher of English and extracurricular activities provided by a tutor in purposefully changing in composition groups of foreign students, demonstrating different levels of adaptation and socialization. The effectiveness of the implementation of a synergistic approach to the process of adaptation and socialization of foreign students is experimentally proved through the development of teamwork skills, ability to tolerate social, cultural and personal differences and readiness for active interaction with the participants of the educational process. Conclusions. The findings indicate the need to introduce a synergistic approach for effective instruction of foreign students in classroom and extracurricular formats in methodological, content andorganizational aspects. Authors’ practical experience presented in the article can be used by other higher educational institutions for developing a professional multicultural environment.

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Gdy rycerz okazuje się tchórzem

Author(s): Damian Jankowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 674/2018

Jak dalej żyć z kimś, kto miał być skałą, a okazał się trzciną? Skoro zawiódł w jednym momencie, czy będzie wierny w innych? Z tymi pytaniami muszą mierzyć się bohaterki w Najsamotniejszej z planet Julii Loktev oraz Turyście Rubena Östlunda.

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Moralny porządek miłości erotycznej

Author(s): Martyna Tomaszewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 16/2018

The sexual liberty of today marks every area of human life, causing sexuality to be treated as commodity. The further fallout comprises of, among others, the increase in divorce ratio, the thriving of pornography, or childless marriages. A person shorn of moral values focuses on pleasure and effortlessness. This is the reason why there is a huge need for creating a moral order for erotic love. Understanding morality has many layers to it. Morality, described as a set of norms and evaluation guidelines for human conduct, is the priority form of societal awareness of human beings. It is what differentiates our world from that of animals that lack the ability to perceive the surrounding reality in terms of moral and immoral. They are governed by instincts, which determine their functioning. Humans, on the other hand, as higher beings endowed with consciousness and capability for judgement, are obliged to conduct themselves in a responsible and moral manner. Erotic love is important, and should happen when, and only when, it is preceded by the unconditional acceptance of afellow being, and friendship. Otherwise, human becomes asubject of usage and manipulation. Erotic love has three functions: procreation, realisation of subjectivity and bonding. In the following part the elements of erotic love order have been presented. Marriage, as a union of a woman and a man, is considered a foundation of erotic love occurring in a moral way. An intimate meeting manifests itself mainly in giving birth to a child and bringing it up, which is marriage-specific. Marriage is giving each other rights to their bodies, thus preceding phases of the relationship should prepare the spouses for this special and important matter. The next factor is marital and extramarital chastity. Personal integrity allows for giving and receiving love maturely, which constitutes the moral order. Fiancés on the other hand, by abstaining from physical displays of affection, learn to respect each other and be faithful. The main purpose of marriage is childbearing, which is connected to the periodicity of fertility and infertility. The moral thing to do is to respect the fertility cycle of the woman and planning intercourses with fertile and infertile days in mind. A woman and a man endowed with free will are able to consciously manage the fruit of their sexual intercourse. Marital faithfulness is an element of the moral order of erotic love. It allows for realizing the original purpose of marriage: a relationship between a woman and a man. It allows for the harmonious sexual life free from anxiety and the felling of conflict. It is also important for the functioning of the body. The last moral aspect of erotic love is the bond order, which undoubtedly allows for experiencing intimacy on the most unique level. Erotic love has a carnal and spiritual foundation, thus contributing to dignified – therefore moral – humanity.

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Ruolo sociale e professionale di infermiera alla luce delle teorie sociologiche

Author(s): Jolanta Łodzińska / Language(s): Italian Issue: 16/2018

In the company’s social system, individual employees as well as social and professional groups occupy specific positions. From the position held in a given system, they consistently follow their social and professional role, perceived as the attitude and behavior of a man towards the expectations of the group to which he or she belongs. The socio-professional role is an activity forming a part of social activities in which a given system finds its implementation. Medical professions, including nursing, belong to a special category of public trust professions in which the socio-professional role is a determinant of the expectations of patients and their families.

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Eugenics

Author(s): Marija Stojanović / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

Eugenics is a pseudoscience aimed at improving and controlling the genetic structure of the human species by selective breeding, which implies preventing inferior people from having children (negative eugenics) and encouraging superior ones to reproduce (positive eugenics). The Eugenics movement originated in the early 19th century and it was largely developed under the influence of Francis Galton in the United Kingdom and Charles Davenport in the United States. These two scientists advocated the selective breeding of desirable traits and reproductive control of undesirable traits in the human race. Racially-oriented eugenics had a dramatic expansion and its peak in Nazi Germany. Being the essence of many racial laws, eugenics was atrociously applied in practice by means of mass euthanasia, mass sterilization, extermination in gas chambers, and horrible experiments on people of lower races or those unworthy of living.

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The Relationship Between the Legal Subject of the Offense and the Concept of Social Value

Author(s): Vasile Drăghici / Language(s): English Issue: 08/2015

The society does not have to be a mere observer of reality; it should have an initiative and it should take measures in order to ensure the common good. It is very important to have in mind that, besides the criminal law, the church is another entity that protects social values. From this angle, they represent what we want, seek, cherish and love. The valuation criteria depend on the value assessment of the members of the society, on their conscience and, not least, on their degree of culture. The society categorizes as social values all those criteria on which it depends for its existence, development and sustainability.

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Fertility Myths, Technology Myths and Their Sources – Lay Reasoning on Age-Related Fertility Decline

Author(s): Lilla Vicsek / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

In many societies the average age for giving birth is rising. One factor which could contribute to the timing of childbirth – which has not been explored to a suffi cient degree with qualitative research – is lay understanding of fertility and the possibilities off ered by reproductive technology. Twelve focus groups were used to examine the reasoning of female university students in Hungary about agerelated fertility decline, how they thought reproductive technologies could help, and how they drew on information sources. Although in many groups the existence of age-related fertility decline was acknowledged, fertility and technology myths – namely, overly positive misbeliefs – surfaced repeatedly. Building on some elements of the contextual model of Science and Technology Studies, I discuss how socialpsychological phenomena such as resistance to the idea of personal risk can be important in lay interpretations of age-related fertility decline, as well as how exemplifi cation processes can contribute to these myths.

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The school, as community of learning the democratic behavior

Author(s): Ion Albulescu / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2009

Die Erziehung zu einer demokratischen Persönlichkeit kann in verschiedenen Formen realisiert werden und ist ein kontinuierlicher Prozess dessen Fundamente sich während der Schulzeit entwickeln und konsolidieren. Neben dem Studium der Pflichtdisziplinen werden die Schüler im Rahmen der schulischen Erziehung für ein aktives und verantwortungsvolles soziales und demokratisches Bewusstsein vorbereitet., auch wenn diese Vorbereitung im schulischen Alltag nicht immer als vordergründig erscheint. Im schulischen Alltag lernen die Jungen Menschen bestimmte Verhaltensregeln und Normen die sie später in ihrem Versuch umsetzen können und verschiedene Integrationsmöglichkeiten in der Gesellschaft auszuüben. Junge Menschen lernen durch den schulischen Alltag sich an bestimmte Regeln und Normen zu orientieren, sich anzueignen um die besten Wege zur Integration in die Gesellschaft für sich zu finden. Dieser Prozess orientiert sich permanent an Werte, wie zum Beispiel Toleranz, Solidarität und Verantwortung. In diesem Artikel wird in erster Linie auf diese Entwicklungs und Formierungsmöglichkeiten durch den schulischen Alltag aufmerksam gemacht.

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Towards an Anthropology of Care: Breastfeeding as a Care Work

Author(s): Anđa Srdić Srebro / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

This paper discusses different aspects of anthropological research on breastfeeding, corporeality and ethics of care. The main focus is on the problem of relating care studies to the breastfeeding phenomenon and the conceptualisation of woman’s body, sexuality and motherhood. The paper suggests the need for a critical approach to the problems of caregiver domination and care receiver vulnerability in the “chain-of-care”, as well as the need for an anthropological contextualisation of relationships between care professionals’ and women’s experience.

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The Ancient Greek Promiscuity

Author(s): Jelena Čvorović / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2003

Non-reproductive sex, including homosexuality, is a by-product: such behavior would be a consequence of selection for male sexual eagerness due to the significantly less parental investment in the past. Here we argue that the key element in restraining such behavior is ancestral: traditions that discourage promiscuity. The ancient Greece is selected to illustrate this thesis.

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Wartości relewantne w społecznym świecie aktorów polskich publicznych teatrów dramatycznych – w świetle wybranych ujęć typologicznych

Author(s): Emilia Zimnica-Kuzioła / Language(s): Polish Issue: 66/2018

The aim of the article is to analyze the statements of actors of Polish public dramatic theaters, which is to lead to the reconstruction of the axiological system that directs their actions. The theoretical framework is determined by the typology of values proposed by the Max Scheler’s phenomenology representative (hedonistic, vital, spiritual, cognitive, aesthetic and moral-religious values) (Scheler 2004; Tatarkiewicz 1990: 219). Leon Dyczewski developed the Scheler typology, adding material and sociocentric values (Dyczewski 2009: 193). Such thematic arrangement allowed me to indicate the values that are important both in the personal and professional life of Polish theater artists. I used both existing sources (published journalistic interviews with actors and directors) as well as induced (free interviews conducted by me with Polish actors).

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