A normák mint integrációs mechanizmusok a mai magyar társadalomban

Author(s): Vera Szabari / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 3/2015

The study aims to sketch the theoretical and methodological background of former Hungarian norms and values studies, and their relation to the question of social integration. We can identify two, seemingly unrelated research fields in Hungarian sociology: one of them is the sociology of deviance having a collectivist theoretical and methodological background; the other one is the domain of values studies primarily focused on individuals. Between these two main research approaches there is a significant discrepancy. In my study I propose a joint examination of the two areas, interlinking the micro and macro levels. In particular, I model a joint anthropological examination of the different systems of values and the concrete actions.

Uloga empatije u odnosu inteligencije i kriminalnog recidivizma

Author(s): Martina Lotar Rihtarić,Ivana Vrselja,Đulijana Badurina-Sertić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2017

Many researchers (e.g. Farrington, 2003; Joliffe and Farrington, 2004) state that the mechanism linking empathy and offending needs to be better explored, suggesting several ways in which this relationship be viewed. One of them is based on the results of Joliffe and Farringtons’ (2004) systematic review of studies relating empathy to offending. According to these authors, there is a possibility that empathy actually mediates the relationship between some other risk factors and offending. Their review showed that intelligence is one of these risk factors. Therefore, in order to provide a better understanding of the relationship among intelligence, empathy and criminal recidivism, the aim of this study was to examine whether empathy mediates the relationship between intelligence and criminal recidivism. It was hypothesized that lower intelligence would affect intensity of criminal recidivism only indirectly, through lower empathy. The sample consisted of 1600 male prisoners in the Croatian prison system who had to serve a prison sentence longer than 6 months. Average prisoner age was 39 years (SD=11.79) and duration of the prison sentence was 27 months (SD=34.39). All prisoners came to the Center for Diagnostics in Zagreb during 2013, and they all went through psychodiagnostic testing. For the purposes of this paper, data on intelligence, empathy, personality, and criminal recidivism were used. Criminal recidivism was operationalised as the number of prison sentences during a person’s lifetime. Intelligence was measured using the Beta test, empathy using the empathy subscale from the Eysenck Impulsivity Questionnaire, and personality traits (psychoticism, extraversion, and neuroticism) using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire – Revised/Adult. Results of mediation analysis conducted using the PROCESS macro for SPSS (Hayes, 2012) showed a nonsignificant direct effect of intelligence on criminal recidivism, and a significant indirect effect of lower intelligence on criminal recidivism via lower empathy. Research findings are discussed from theoretical and practical perspectives.

Bible Belt Baptists. Working towards Prosperity and Salvation

Author(s): Ilie Iulian Mitran / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2017

The South of United States has often proclaimed itself as the last American bastion of authentic Christianity. There the teachings of Christ merged with a substrate of ultraconservative Anabaptist model of ecclesiastic and social organization. All of this is being topped by the reminiscences of the postcolonial racial hierarchy which resulted in the formation of a community model that has as trait marks hetero-determination, unclear boundaries between social and religious norms and a high desire for social validation of one’s worth. This paper attempts to highlight the social implication of religiosity on social and economic order in the South’s agrarian communities.

НЕОБХІДНІ ПРАВОПЕРЕТВОРЕННЯ СПЕЦІАЛЬНИХ ВИДІВ ЗВІЛЬНЕННЯ ВІД КРИМІНАЛЬНОЇ ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНОСТІ ЗА КОРУПЦІЙНІ ЗЛОЧИНИ

Author(s): Andrii Borowyk / Language(s): English,Ukrainian Issue: 1/2017

The article is devoted to the study of legal changes that should be made regarding special types of exemption from criminal liability for corruption crimes. The necessity of creating new articles in the Criminal Code of Ukraine related to counteraction to corruption was argued. It has been determined how these transformation of norms will affect the mechanism of law enforcement of incentive norms in general, and on the designated institute of special dismissal in particular.

Інтуїція як спосіб конституювання моралі

Author(s): Andriy Y. Morozov / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2011

Intuition as the basis of moral relations is observed in the article.

НАГЛЯД ЗА ДОТРИМАННЯМ ПРАВ ЗАСУДЖЕНИХ ДО ПОЗБАВЛЕННЯ ВОЛІ ЗА УЧАСТІ ГРОМАДСЬКОСТІ

Author(s): O. Kolb,O. Hromow / Language(s): English,Ukrainian Issue: 4/2014

The article deals with the most pressing issues related to public participation in enforcement of prisoners in correctional facilities of Ukraine, identified problems and developed evidence-based ways to solve organizational and legal forms and means.

ПОВІДОМЛЕННЯ ПРО ПІДОЗРУ: ПРОБЛЕМИ КРИМІНАЛЬНОЇ ПРОЦЕСУАЛЬНОЇ РЕГЛАМЕНТАЦІЇ

Author(s): O. Tatarov,D. Mirkowets / Language(s): English,Ukrainian Issue: 4/2014

Identified problematic issues of the criminal procedure regulation notice of suspicion. Suggestions for improvement of the norms of the CPC of Ukraine.

Конститутивні елементи етичного та проблема абсолютного

Author(s): Andriy Y. Morozov / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2012

In the article moral and morality as the constitutive elements of ethical are regarded. The idea that border moral norms and values are absolute axiomatic self-evident is expressed.

Сутність і функції творчої діяльності у соціокультурному контексті

Author(s): Olena Petrovna Chumachenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2011

The article deals with different approaches to the problem of definition of creative activity and its function from the point of view of socio-cultural aspect.

Конфліктогенність мусульманського вбрання в європейському культурному просторі

Author(s): Volodymyr Selevko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2011

The article deals with the research of Muslim women use of religious clothes in modern Western Europe. Main attention is paid to the outbreak of a conflict between traditional norms Islam and European values.

Апперцепція культури як атрибутивного концепту культурної політики

Author(s): Oleksandr Kravchenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2011

The article highlights the methodological problems of cultural determination of the contents of cultural policy, the main concepts suitable for its theoretical modeling.

Nem-et mondás? Igaz-mondás

Author(s): Tímea Tibori / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2/2010

Based principally on data obtained from youth studies carried out in Hungary, this paper seeks to answer questions relating to what tendencies are observable in the lifestyles (learning, consumption, leisure activities), the conception of culture and the mobility of young people. The author gives special attention to activities having low frequency, and comes to the conclusion that the separation of the “self”, the shifts in responsibility and the avoidance of problems have become more dominant among young people. In the lifestyle of youth, change and permanence are present simultaneously, causing significant degrees of differentiation within their own grouping.

Естетичні та художні елементи реклами в регуляції стереотипної поведінки

Author(s): Olena Yuriyivna Olenina / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2009

In article art possibilities of advertising in formation of stereotypes of behaviour, feature of influence of aesthetic and art elements of advertising on creation of norms, rules, standards are analyzed. Phenomena of mass consciousness and mechanisms of construction of stereotypes are considered. Advertising is investigated as by means of an image develops imagination, establishes standards and models behaviour of the person.

Девіантна поведінка молоді як прояв молодіжної субкультури

Author(s): Nataliya Babenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2007

В українському суспільстві відбувається процес трансформації суспільних відносин під впливом інтеграційних процесів, взаємодії різних культур, змінюється система пріоритетів і цілей. Це, зокрема, проявляється у змінах мети, засобів її досягнення, ціннісних орієнтацій та поведінкової моралі особистості. На особливу увагу заслуговують процеси, які відбуваються у молодіжному середовищі. Адже саме молоді люди є тим матеріалом, що найбільше піддається зовнішнім впливам. Вони, як правило, не обтяжені суперечливим досвідом минулого з притаманними йому ціннісними і поведінковими установками. Молодь, яка визначає майбутнє будь-якого суспільства, вже сьогодні істотно впливає на його змістовні характеристики.

Feminist Hermeneutics of the Quran and Epistemic Justice

Author(s): Vanessa Rivera de la Fuente / Language(s): English Issue: 4 (18)/2015

In this article I present religion and especially the position of women in religion as a narrative product. This means that, like other realities, it is made of speeches with validity and authority generated by the influence of power mechanisms favoring the authority of patriarchy in its preparation. I describe, from a personal perspective, the two dominant discourses about Muslim women, both products of an orthodoxy: the idealization, sustained by religious patriarchy of Islam, and demonization, which corresponds to a Western vision universalizing their own particular way of seeing reality through the interaction of privileges and representations of otherness. Since neither of these discourses gives voice to Muslim women, I argue that the feminist hermeneutics in Islam is an effort to establish a discourse of gender justice from Muslim women’s voices. Feminist hermeneutics of Islam is a discursive deconstruction in favor of epistemic justice, namely a proposal to establish Muslim women as the authoritative voice in matters that concern them.

»Reverence the Wombs that bore You«: On Unearthing a Female Legacy Transgressive to the Patriarchal Social Order

Author(s): Nahida S. Nisa / Language(s): English Issue: 4 (18)/2015

Perceptions of women’s power and authority in Islam range from Orientalist discourses that present the Muslim woman as an exotic, victimized, and elusive figure in need of reform, to patriarchal scholarships that confine her to a secondary, consequential role under male regulation, to Islamic feminist exegeses that seek to liberate her, and itself, from either of these assessments. This study explores the flaws in contemporary patriarchal male scholarship, referred to herein as “patriarchal scholarship” or simply “male scholarship,” and defined as the line of scholarship that claims traditional precedent and mainstream consensus, that necessitate Islamic feminism. I build on Asma Barlas’s observation that while male scholarship professes egalitarianism in Islam by upholding Qur’anic values of equality at a theoretical, spiritual level, this profession is duplicitous, as patriarchal scholarship simultaneously fails to apply its Islamic theory of egalitarianism to Islamic practice, which should be challenged as a detrimental lapse in logic. My argument consists of three elements: I assert that inconsistencies between Islamic belief and Islamic practice as promoted by patriarchal scholarship prevail at even the interpretational level, that this male legacy of interpretative authority is afforded a continuity that female scholarship is denied, and that the formations of Islamic feminist exegeses predate European colonial influences in the Middle East. It is this third point that renders disingenuous the characterization of Islamic feminism as non-traditional compared to patriarchal scholarship, and subsequently an insufficient reason to dismiss feminist scholarship, though it is one commonly employed and further facilitated by the harmful dynamics of Orientalist discourse that seek to “free” the Muslim woman over her agency.

Les dispositions coraniques en matière de mariage. Courte analyse des versets qui donnent les dispositions générales et qui formulent les interdictions.

Author(s): Virgil Nicolae / Language(s): German Issue: 4 (18)/2015

The Qur'an has defined quite clearly all the provisions concerning marriage, regulating the number of wives, polygamy, relations between spouses, the obligations of each one, relations with slaves, etc. Yet it may be emphasized that, from the outset, the Quran, through Muhammad's voice, encourages marriage and exhorts respect and equality among believers. The Koran perceives marriage as an essential act, which is not only the privilege of free people: Sura XXIV. 32 recommends the marriage of slaves: "Marry the unmarried among you, as well as those of your slaves, men and women, who are honest!” Theoretically, in a Muslim family, all members must be equal before God and each other. Proponents of the theory of absolute equality between men and women invoke the text of Quran XXXIII. 35: Subjects (towards other human beings) and SUBJECTS (towards Allah = Muslims), believers and believers, prayers and prayers, those who are truthful, those who are steadfast, those who fear [Allah], those who chasten, those who fast, those who are chaste, those who invoke Allah, for those Allah has prepared a pardon and an immense reward.

A Personal View and Timeline of Women’s Sexual and Reproductive Lives in Romania

Author(s): Daniela Drăghici / Language(s): English Issue: 9 (23)/2017

Etyka chrześcijańska w funkcjonowaniu demokracji

Author(s): Janusz Szulist / Language(s): Polish Issue: 20/2013

In the Christian teaching ethics is not only the foundation of democracy but a point of reference for politicians. Therefore, the citizens in charge of ruling the country ought to pursue the goals which are morally good since this is the only way of making progress within the human communities. Also, on the level of interpersonal relations the observance of the moral principles guarantees that the human rights and dignity would not be violated. In this context one must keep it in mind that the main focus of the Christian ethics is the care for the good of an individual. There are two ways of accounting for the existence of political authorities. One is to point at the origin of the political power and the source of the entire order of things. The underlying principle here is love, since everything originates from God who is Love. The latter way of legitimising the political power is its ability to put things in order. Neither the Divine order nor the Kingdom of God may be achieved without the reference to the immutable authority of God. Every element here has got a specific function in this system which is united by one Spirit. This idea recalls the notion of the Mystical Body. The main source of this paper are various documents of the Catholic Social Teaching. In addition to this some references to social ethics and moral theology texts were made.

Analiza procesu socjalizacji osób niepełnosprawnych fizycznie uprawiających sport

Author(s): Jakub Niedbalski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 60/2017

Purpose of the conducted research was to analyze a processual dimension of transformations of a disabled person’s life, which take place under influence of experiences related to sport practicing. A basis for realization of the purpose mentioned above were personal experiences of the researched individuals. Hence, the research exploits qualitative data, collected during unstructured interviews, conducted among the disabled practicing sports. Analysis and interpretation of the research material was performed in accordance with procedures of the grounded theory. The article has been prepared as a consequence of research carried out between 2012 and 2015, among a society of the disabled, who practice professional sports. This research poses an attempt to develop a general characteristic related to the sports career path, which regarding its specificity, is strongly rooted in the institutionalized inclusion practices, as well as continuing and maintaining the main actions, which is sport practicing by the disabled individuals.