Educational and Publishing Activity in the Ressurectionist Uniate Center in Edirne (Former Adrianople), 1863–1914

Author(s): Wojciech Józwiak / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2014

Members of the Congregation of Resurrection of our Lord Jesus Christ have been active in Edirne (f. Adrianople) for more than a half of the century, during which period they have used a variety of tactics to increase the number of Bulgarians recognizing religious sovereignty of Rome. Depending of the means chosen by the missionaries there were three main approaches leading towards that goal: religious propaganda, educational and informative way. Manuscripts and publications played essential part of pro-uniate activity in all three of those tactics. The authors, translators and often publishers of those documents were members of the mission (the printing house was established at the end of 1870's as a result of the efforts of the superior Tomasz Brzeski.

Pastoral Care of Youth in the Czech Republic — Legal Aspects

Author(s): Stanislav Přibyl / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2017

The communist regime in Czechoslovakia belonged among the most repressive in the former Soviet sphere. It made efforts of ideological indoctrination of youth and used various means in order to isolate young people from the religious life. Solely after the changes in 1989 it is possible to organize structures of many-sided care of youth within the Churches. In the framework of the Catholic Church there belongs a great deal of merits to the Salesian Congregation which operated with youth in the secret structures already in the times of totalitarianism when the male Church orders were abolished. The Czech Bishop Conference established its Section for Youth, also the Church movements as Focolare or Charismatic Renewal take part on the care of young Christians. The care of youth exploits the possibilities offered by the canon law. A special attention is turned to the problem of quality of the Church music for youth. Also the Catholic Traditionalists, Greek Catholics, Orthodox Church and the other Christian Churches employ the religious freedom and establish various organizations for young believers according to the civil law and their inner church prescriptions.

„Más nemzeteknél, mint a szászoknál…” - Ortodoxia és lutheranizmus kölcsönhatásai a dualizmus kori Erdélyben

Author(s): Barna Ábrahám / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 04/2017

With their well organized economic and social life, mentality, and particular system of values, the Saxons have played a distinguished role in the nation-building process of Romanians in Transylvania. While until the middle of the 19th century the relationship had been dominated by antagonism and the struggle of the Romanians living on the Saxon territory for political emancipation, the emergence of modern, bourgeois Hungary brought about a positive turn in this respect. The Romanian elite recognized and tried to adopt the organization of Saxon cooperatives, schools and scientific life, and to use their experience, generally showing up the Saxons’ solidarity and democratic way of thinking as a model to be followed, especially as they identified as one of the main sources of such virtues the public activities of the Lutheran pastors. They were convinced that the Romanian priests would not emerge as the effective leaders of their own communities unless they were elevated to the social status and prestige of Saxon pastors (or Hungarian and German Roman Catholic priests, for that matter), and, last but not least, equal them in modern and comprehensive education.

Иностранное присутствие в Палестине в дневниках и заметках русских путешественников конца XIX — начала ХХ в.

Author(s): M. S. Shapovalov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 25/2018

The paper is based on the notes of Russian travelers to Palestine in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and explores the history of foreign presence in the Holy Land at this time, when the flow of pilgrims from Russia to Palestine greatly increased. Biblical Palestine began to attract representatives of the clergy, monks, and worshipers as well as representatives of the nobility, intellectuals, writers, artists, journalists, teachers, and august persons. This long journey — through the outskirts of the empire, the Turkish straits, and finally Palestine itself — presupposed, first of all, a spiritual and intellectual quest. Therefore, pilgrims often kept diaries and hiking notes, and sent detailed letters to relatives, thus leaving a layer of sources of personal origin. The most famous of these are notes by E. I. Tarasov, I. N. Bartsikhovsky, E. L. Markov, G. A. Gorbunov, V. Vereshchagin, N. P. Kondakov, and others. Once in the Holy Land, travelers reflected on the surrounding reality, nature, and everyday customs of local residents and foreign tourists. A special place in the Palestinian narrative was occupied by the theme of foreign presence, which revealed itself in the description of the confessional, economic, political, cultural, and philanthropic activities of European states in the Holy Land. In this connection, the author sets out to reconstruct the forms of foreign presence and to answer the following questions: What alignment of forces of the European powers did Russian travelers see in Palestine? Who, in their opinion, posed the greatest threat to Russian interests in the Holy Land?

СРПСКА И АНГЛИКАНСКА ЦРКВА У ПРВОЈ ПОЛОВИНИ 20. ВИЈЕКА

Author(s): Nikola Žutić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2003

In compliance with Serbian and Yugoslav allied and state relationships with „western democracies”, the Serbian Orthodox Church was connected with the churches of liberal-democratic countries. By following the ideological and political orientation of the mother country, the Serbian Orthodox Church expressed a special closeness with the Anglican Church and old-Catholic churches. These churches, that had supported the European liberal civil order of that time, became closer due to ideological dislike towards Vatican and the Roman-Catholic Church. The relationship between the Serbian Orthodox Church and Anglican Church was especially close. There was even tendency for dogmatic (doctrinaire) and liturgical unity between these two churches. The Serbian Orthodox Church was also actively involved in the attempt of ecumenical unification of all the Orthodox churches, at the head of which would be the ecumenical Constantinople patriarch, with the Anglican Church. In the compliance with its western orientation, the Serbian Orthodox Church, in agreement with the Anglican one, actively participated in the occurrences in March 27, 1941, supporting the plan of British officials for coup d’etat, as well as the action of British oriented Serbian officers and political parties.

Autokefalia prawosławia ukraińskiego wbrew prawosławiu rosyjskiemu

Author(s): Jarosław Moskałyk / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 19/2019

Otrzymanie autokefalii z Konstantynopola przez prawosławie na Ukrainie w 2019 r. oznacza dla niego przede wszystkim zmianę jakościową zarówno w sensie organizacyjnym i prawnym, ale także świadomościowym i mentalnym. To rzeczywiste nawiązanie do spuścizny historycznej oraz perspektywa całkowitego uwolnienia się od niechcianego podporządkowania. Teraz pozostaje jedynie kwestia właściwego zagospodarowania wartością, jaką jest pełna autonomia i możliwość kształtowania niezależnej wizji eklezjalnej. Jeśli zostaną prawidłowo wyciągnięte wnioski z niedalekiej i dawnej przeszłości, wówczas zaistnieją wszelkie podstawy ku stworzeniu zjednoczonej wspólnoty prawosławnej o niewątpliwym autorytecie moralnym.

Pogrzeb nieochrzczonych dzieci w praktyce liturgicznej Cerkwi prawosławnej

Author(s): Marek Ławreszuk / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 19/2019

Artykuł podejmuje zagadnienie praktyki liturgicznej związanej ze śmiercią nieochrzczonych dzieci. W historycznej liturgicznej tradycji Cerkwi prawosławnej obrzęd pogrzebu nieochrzczonych dzieci nie funkcjonował. Niniejszy artykuł analizuje zmiany w praktyce liturgicznej lokalnych cerkwi w Grecji i Rosji dotyczące modlitwy za nieochrzczone dzieci. Uzupełnieniem rozważań liturgicznych i pasterskich jest obrzęd pogrzebowy nieochrzczonego dziecka, przygotowany w oparciu o aktualne greckie i rosyjskie teksty.

Miejsce Biblii w życiu Ulricha Zwingliego

Author(s): Piotr Jaskóła / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 19/2019

Artykuł prezentuje centralne miejsce Biblii w życiu U. Zwingliego. Reformacja w Zurychu, której początki były głównie jego dziełem, ujawniła to na kilku polach: w kaznodziejstwie, prowadzonych dysputach teologicznych i w tzw. szkole proroctw (Prophezei). Na każdym z tych pól szwajcarski reformator eksponował autorytet Biblii – nieporównywalny z innymi autorytetami. Równocześnie podkreślał rolę Ducha Świętego w interpretacji tekstów biblijnych. Prawda o inspirującym działaniu Ducha Świętego, jak i prawda o suwerenności Boga leżą u podstaw życia i teologicznego dziedzictwa reformatora z Zurychu.

Dialog Kościoła katolickiego z niewierzącymi

Author(s): Jan Kochel / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 19/2019

Artykuł podejmuje aktualny temat potrzeby dialogu z osobami niewierzącymi w Kościele katolickim. Dialog to rozmowa co najmniej dwóch osób; może on być rozumiany jako metoda, proces i postawa społeczna. Dialog ekumeniczny obejmuje obszary, na których nie ma do końca zgody między rozmówcami, domaga się szacunku i umiejętności słuchania argumentów drugiej strony. Współcześnie rośnie zjawisko niewiary, zwłaszcza wśród młodych, stąd potrzeba poszukiwania form spotkań i dialogu ze współczesnym środowiskiem zsekularyzowanym. Kościół powszechny podejmuje różne próby dialogu z niewierzącymi: od propozycji inicjowanych przez oficjalne dokumenty Magisterium, poprzez inicjatywy lokalnych wspólnot i Kościołów, np. „katedra (warsztaty) dla niewierzących”, aż po uniwersalne forum wymiany, tzw. „dziedziniec pogan (dialogu)”.

Демоничните образи на Баба Марта и Дядо Коледа

Author(s): Irina Kolarska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

Baba Marta and Santa Claus are two characters who are usually related to a series of positive emotions because of the expectation to receive gifts bringing joy, hopes and expectations. The dark side of the character of Baba Marta has been studied many times but it has not been investigated or analyzed in regards to Santa Claus. This text will make an attempt to present a different point of view to the two characters, which has never been in the focus of attention of folklore studies – the one of evangelical Protestantism. The reason for it is the feeling of its followers that their opinion is not taken into consideration and is thus silenced and suppressed. I will make an attempt to draw impartial theses and antitheses, as well as to do an analysis and summary of the results. In addition, I will seek to find if these two characters belong to paganism or to folklore and to outline the reason for their demonization according to evangelical Protestantism.

Das Zisterzienserkloster Kerz. Neue Betrachtungen zu Gründung, dynastischen Verbindungen und Zisterzienserideal

Author(s): Ünige Bencze / Language(s): German Issue: 2/2012

Die bisherige Literatur über das Zisterzienserkloster Kerz lässt erkennen, dass Wissenschaftler oft normative Muster des idealen Zisterzienserlebens und des architektonischen Grundrisses übernommen haben, um seine Architektur und Geschichte zu rekonstruieren, ohne eigene Untersuchungen anzustrengen. Kaum erforscht oder gar diskutiert wurde die Fähigkeit der Zisterzienser, sich an örtliche Gegebenheiten anzupassen.

Ks. James Haldane Stewart: Wskazówki dla ogólnego zjednoczenia chrześcijan w modlitwie o wylanie Ducha Świętego (1820)

Author(s): Sławomir Pawłowski / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 20/2020

W roku 1820 anglikański duchowny James Haldane Stewart (1776–1854) opublikował małe dzieło pt. Wskazówki dla ogólnego zjednoczenia chrześcijan w modlitwie o wylanie Ducha Świętego. Tekst jest małym traktatem o modlitwie, ale także odezwą i szczegółową instrukcją dotyczącą wewnętrznych przekonań i zewnętrznych działań, starającą się objąć osobiste i społeczne życie chrześcijańskie: modlitwę i spotkania, kazania i zebrania, lekturę Biblii i korespondencję. Opiera się na dziedzictwie przebudzeniowych ruchów i inicjatyw poprzedniego wieku, np. przebudzenia metodystycznego, amerykańskiego Pierwszego Wielkiego Przebudzenia czy Pokornej próby Jonathana Edwardsa. Wskazówki Stewarta są świadkiem jego czasów: kryzysu społecznego, przebudzenia mesjanistyczno-eschatologicznego i zapału misyjnego. Są także zwiastunem pneumatologicznych prądów czasów przyszłych, zwłaszcza ruchu zielonoświątkowego. Dzieło Stewarta pozostaje ważnym etapem w historii ekumenizmu duchowego, opartego na nawróceniu i modlitwie, który w pełni rozwinie się w XX w.

Mother of Hope

Author(s): Pablo Blanco-Sarto,Marcin Stanisław Lech / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 20/2020

A difficult topic in the dialogue with Anglicans is the issue of Mary and the various forms of liturgical and non-liturgical Marian devotion, which belong at the same to the Anglican and the Catholic tradition. However, the influence of the Reformation has also had an impact on this topic. Hence, paradoxically, Mariology links and -at the same time- constitutes an element of polemics between Anglicans and Catholics. The Anglican doctrine about Mary of Nazareth mentions the term complexion oppositorum, and the ecumenical Dialogue has shown us its present situation, as we can read in these pages. The authors, after presenting a historical introduction, made a presentation of some existing ecumenical documents of the Roman-Catholic/Anglican dialogue in which there was any mention of the Theotokos. Here are presented the documents at international level as well as those that proceeding from national dialogues, in particular from the USA and Canada.

The evaluation of populist tendences in the debate of the Christian Churches in Germany

Author(s): Grzegorz Chojnacki / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 20/2020

In the ecumenical dialogue of the Christian Churches (both Catholic and Evangelical), the issue of the development of populist tendencies is the subject of research, debate and joint statements by their most prominent representatives. This joint voice shows, on the one hand, the genesis and directions of the spread of populist ideas, pointing out all dangers for the development of civil society, and on the other hand, it highlights the weaknesses of the democratic system in the face of all abuses consisting in the concentration of capital and disturbing social justice, reducing the participation of citizens in decision-making processes and, in the case of the European Union, the development of federalist visions to the detriment of the community of homelands dominated by more developed economic and financial countries.

Martin Laird, Sheelah Treflé Hidden (red.), The Practice of the Presence of God. Theology as a Way of Life, New York: Routledge 2017, 136 s. ISBN: 978-1-4724-7832-0

Author(s): Łukasz Libowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 20/2020

Zdzisław Józef Kijas, Opatrzność i przeznaczenie, Kraków: Wydawnictwo Franciszkanów Bratni Zew 2020, 256 s. ISBN: 978-8-3748-5366-8

Author(s): Bogusław Mielec / Language(s): Polish Issue: 20/2020

КАТОЛИЧЕСКИЕ И ЛЮТЕРАНСКИЕ КЛИРИКИ В СОСТАВЕ ШВЕДСКИХ ДИПЛОМАТИЧЕСКИХ МИССИЙ В РОССИЮ В XVI ВЕКЕ

Author(s): Aleksandr V. Tolstikov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2021

The article analyzes clerics’ participation in Swedish diplomatic missions to Russia in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period. It is demonstrated that until the 1530s clerics (mostly canons) were regularly included in Swedish embassies to Russia. It was in keeping with the general level of diplomacy in Sweden, the rulers of which often gave important diplomatic assignments to bishops. But the Swedish embassies to Russia, by contrast, started to include bishops only in the second half of the sixteenth century, when this practice had almost disappeared in other foreign policy directions. It is assumed that the reason for this might have been the attempt to utilize a person’s high clerical status as an additional symbolic resource in difficult diplomatic situations (primarily in the cases of the missions of Laurentius Petri and Michael Agricola, as well as that of Paul Juusten). It is also confirmed that during the whole period under consideration most (although not all) clerics carrying out diplomatic missions to Russia were from Finland.

Historia ewangelickiej parafii Lutra w Gdańsku-Wrzeszczu

Author(s): Jan Daniluk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2020

The article attempts to present the history of Luther’s Evangelical Parish, existing in the years 1896-1945. It was the oldest in Wrzeszcz (Langfuhr), a rapidly developing suburb of Gdansk (Danzig) in the Wilhelminian Era. In the interwar period it was also one of the two largest evangelical parishes in the entire Free City of Danzig. New parishes were separated from its territory twice. Luther’s parish played a key role in the pastoral ministry of military units stationed in Wrzeszcz (Langfuhr) until 1920, further, among others, in creating a new central municipal cemetery in Danzig and in the history of the local anti-Nazi Confessing Church (Bekennende Kirche) movement.

Męczeństwo i zniewolenie Rosyjskiej Cerkwi Prawosławnej w latach 1917-1970

Author(s): Marian Radwan / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2021

The Russian Orthodox Church was deprived of a patriarch by the tsar Peter I the Great in 1721 and since then had been ruled by every next monarch. The position of a patriarch was restored in 1917, when the Synod chose Tikhon Biellavin (died in 1925), by secret voting. When the Russian Provisional Government was overthrown by bolsheviks, the new government started to subordinate the Orthodox Church. There were many attempts of destroying the Orthodox Church by pro-government religious groups, deceptional taking over the Orthodox administration, accusing the Patriarch Tikhon, and executing people defending churches during sacral pretiosas depriving action. The Orthodox Church’s independence was cut short in 1927 after the so-called Declaration of Metropolitan Sergei Stragorodski was published. Since then, his opponents had been persecuted, and his supporters had got promoted. The process of the Russian Orthodox Church enslavement ended when the Council of the Russian Orthodox Church Affairs with the security service officer Karpow as a director was established. The Council had its impact on the election of patriarchs Stragorodski and Simansky and bishops nominations. Orthodox churches, theological schools, monasteries, were liquidated massively, the number of dioceses was reduced, as well. On the Karpov’s and the government order, there was an unsuccessful attempt of establishing the Orthodox Vatican in Moscow. Patriarchs Stragorodsky and Simansky ruled according to governmental demands, not faithful people’s needs.

The role of lethuelas/sangomas in Lesotho. “Traditional” beliefs, spiritual professions and Christianity among the Basotho

Author(s): Agnieszka Podolecka / Language(s): English Issue: 55/2021

This article investigates the place of lehuelas/sangomas in Basotho society, their vocation, work and relationship with Christian churches. Lethuelas, also called sangomas or shamans, are healers, diviners and/or mediums. Thanks to the country’s mountainous isolation, their vocation and work can be observed in its most primal and unspoilt version, passed down for generations without much influence of outside shamanic traditions or New Age forms of shamanism encountered in other Southern African countries. The article includes the data gathered during the field studies conducted in Lesotho in March 2013 and January 2019 in four regions: the capital city of Maseru (250 000 inhabitants), the Nazaretha/Roma region, the villages and tiny settlements in the western part of the Maloti Mountains, and the Butha-Buthe district in the north of the country.