О PREKRŠTAVANJU PRAVOSLAVNOG STANOVNIŠTVA U NDH U VREME DRUGOG SVETSKOG RATA

Author(s): Slobodan D. Milošević / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/1985

The ISC, established April 10. 1941, began to organize its puppet state according to the principle: „a single nationality on a single territory” with the great aid of the aggressor German and Italian authorities. Thus, the Ustaša authorities started the persecution and the physical extermination of population without Croatian nationality. The first to suffer was the population belonging to the Orthodox Church. One of the forms of this process of „extermination” was converting from the Orthodox Faith into Catholic Faith by force. The first phase of the process was known for the unorganized converting of population until May 1941. when the Ustaša Authorities issued THE LEGAL DECREE ON CONVERTING FROM ONE FAITH INTO ANOTHER. Since then, this decree had been the work-program of the Clero-Ustaša Authorities. The converting was slightly delayed when the Orthodox Church of Croatia was founded at the beginning of April 1942, but it never ceased completely. Thus, according to the previous study of the period until 1944. about 240 000 people were converted. Together with converting, Ustaša Authorities organized rearrangement of the Orthodox churches for the purposes of the Catholic Religious Ceremonies. Still incomplete numerical data of such rearranged churches are mentioned in the text.

О градитељима православних цркава у Босни и Херцеговини у вријеме аустро-угарске управе

Author(s): Ljiljana Ševo / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/2016

Even though between 1878 and 1914 more than two hundred Orthodox churches were constructed or rebuilt in Bosnia and Herzegovina, today we know only around twenty names of their architects. As opposed to the Catholic churches, whose projects were entrusted to prominent architects of the Provincial government, usually to Josip Vancaš, for the construction of Orthodox temples they were employed only occasionally – Johan Kellner and Josef Czerny for the building of the Seminary in Reljevo1883-1884, Josef Czerny for the church in Reljevo 1886, August Butsch for the church in Blažuj 1897, and Rudolf Tönnies for the facade of the Metropolitan headquarters in 1898.Some churches were built according to the prototype projects of anonymous engineers of the Austro-Hungarian administration. Even when they were recorded, the names of the architects of Orthodox churches in Bosnia and Herzegovina which were built during this period, offer scarce information to the modern researcher, since they are not found elsewhere in other sources. It is probable that these were capable local builders, and only in two cases it is recorded that they were Serb engineers. It is considered that the church in Pale was built according to the project of the famous painter Lazar Drljača, and the similarity of this church with those in Maglaj, Gornji Dragaljevac and Gornje Zabrđe lead to the conclusion that they were also built according to Drljača’s plan.

О древнеболгарском «Рассказе о зографских мучениках» и «Послание святогорцев великому князю Василию Васильевичу»

Author(s): István Ferincz / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 1(2)/2007

The “Narrative about the Zographian Martyrs” («Разказ за зографските мъче- ници») is a monument of Old Bulgarian literature dating from the late 13th c. The paper examines the historical circumstances underlying the work, the literary characteristics of the “Narrative”, and its impact on later orthodox antiunionist literature.

О једном особеном моделу распоређивања сцена циклуса великих празника: Студеница - Градац

Author(s): Dragana Pavlović / Language(s): Serbian / Publication Year: 0

О миссионерской деятельности владыки Досифея (Васича) на Подкарпатской Руси в 20-х годах XX века

Author(s): Pavel Marek,Jurij Danilec / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 3/2019

The region of Subcarpathian Ruthenia was an integral part of the first Czechoslovak Republic in the interwar period. The post-war crisis associated with the new constitutional organization of Central Europe after the fall of the Habsburg monarchy was also reflected in the areas of the church and religion. The Orthodox movement expanded at the expense of the Greek Catholic Church, a process not without tension and conflict. In 1920, in order to calm the situation, the Czechoslovak state administration agreed with the Government of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes and the Serbian Orthodox Church to send Dositheus (Vasić), a Bishop of the Serbian Orthodox Church, to the country with the task of assisting in the organization of the Church. Dositheus’ mission took place in the years 1920-1926. The paper describes and evaluates the exacting task of the mission to Subcarpathian Ruthenia on the basis of a study of numerous historical sources. The authors conclude that the goals of the mission were only partially accomplished.

О рецепцији црквене византијске музике у Београду крајем 20. и почетком 21. века

(или како је Стеван Мокрањац постао „старији и српскији“ композитор од Стефана Србина)

Author(s): Gordana Blagojević / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/2005

У раду се разматра комплексан феномен употребе црквене музике од стране једног дела црквеног клира, као средства за изражавање превасходно националног идентитета, где је верски идентитет потиснут у други план. Проблем се посматра на територији Митрополије београдско-карловачке. Деведесетих година 20. века почели су да се оснивају црквени хорови који се баве извођењем византијске црквене музике на црквенословенском и српском језику. Ова музика је изазвала лепезу различитих реакција, од одушевљења до прогона и, коначно, забране њене богослужбене употребе на подручју ове митрополије. Начин црквеног певања који је код Срба присутан у последњих сто година проглашен је изворно српским, па самим тим и једино пожељним на богослужењу. Долази до измишљања традиције, где се старији начин певања одбацује на рачун новијег које постаје „старије и српскије“.

О родстве московской и кирилло-белозерской редакций Стишного пролога

Author(s): Marina Chistiakova / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 57 (2)/2012

The Versed Synaxarion of the Kirillo-Belozersky collection 1.1240, created in Rostov diocese in 1452 and preserved at the Russian National Library, is the oldest copy of the Kirillo-Belozersky edition of the Versed Synaxarion. The comparison of its structure with the Moscow edition of the Versed Synaxarion (Russian State library, Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius, no. 720, 721, 722) suggests there is a relationship between the two editions. Textual analysis was employed to reconstruct the common prototype of the two editions. The Tarnovo edition in this “proto-edition” has been supplemented with homilies for selected dates. These homilies are a common feature of the Kirillo-Belozersky and Moscow editions alone and are not commonly found in other Eastern Slavic editions of the Versed Synaxarion. Comparison of the structure of the Kirillo-Belozersky 1.1240 and the Moscow edition demonstrates that some texts in the copy 1.1240 have been either edited or deleted, and an additional comparison with the Simple Synaxarion has been made. The Moscow edition is less innovative and is not affected by these changes. Individual homilies in the Kirillo-Belozersky edition derive from the Alphabetical Jerusalem Paterikon, the Slavic Compilation Paterikon, and the Rome Paterikon as well as from some detailed versions of the lives of the saints; the Kirillo-Belozersky edition has little in common with the corpus of individual sermons of the Moscow edition, which includes the homilies of Isaac the Syrian, Nikita Stethatos, Ephrem the Syrian, Abba Dorotheus, and other authors

О светитељима представљеним на византијској икони Недеље православља у Британском музеју у Лондону

Author(s): Tatjana Starodubcev / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 54/2017

The article is dedicated to the study of the saints depicted in the representation of the Triumph of Orthodoxy in the icon probably made in Constantinople around 1400 which is now kept at the British Museum in London. New identifications of certain figures are proposed. Questions are posed as to how the scene was shaped and which writings were the basis for its creation.

О современной богослужебной певческой практике старообрядцев Новосибирска (на примере службы мученикам и исповедникам, пострадавшим за правоверие в XVII веке)

Author(s): Olga Swietłowa / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 17/2017

In the article the author adheres to the concept of defining the Old Believers as a living tradition that preserved the ancient Russian church singing art. The modern state of liturgical singing practice in the community of the Russian Orthodox Old Believer Church in Novosibirsk is considered. The particular qualities of the Old Believer service to the saints martyrs and confessors who suffered for their faith in the 17th century are analyzed. The author makes a conclusion about the uniqueness of the Old Believer culture, in which, despite inevitable modifications and updates, Old Russian liturgical singing continues to carry its true sacred meaning.

О. ВАСИЛЬ ГОВГЕРА, „ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНА СТРУКТУРА ЛЬВІВСЬКОЇ ЕПАРХІЇ XVIII СТ. (1700–1772)”, ЛЬВІВ „ТРІАДА ПЛЮС” 2014, SS. 1167, IL.

Author(s): Beata Lorens / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 21/2014

Обзор неканонических православных юрисдикций Новосибирской области

Author(s): Pavel Bočkov / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 19/2017

The article examines non-canonical organizations of believers, communities and dioceses that are part of the non-canonical Orthodox jurisdictions operating on the territory of the Novosibirsk Metropolitanate of the Russian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate located within the borders of the Novosibirsk Region of the Russian Federation. Despite the sharp rejection of the legitimate church structure, these communities could not draw attention to their activities on the part of broad layers of Orthodox believers in the Novosibirsk region and are in a state of canonical isolation, periodically changing their jurisdictional affiliation.

Обичаји животног циклуса верника српских православних парохија у Kалифорнији

Author(s): Gordana Blagojević / Language(s): Serbian / Publication Year: 0

The life cycle folkways (baptism , wedding, monasticism, funeral rites) of the Serbs in California have to a considerable extent been influenced by the American way of life. The ceremony of baptising adults is carried out either in church or in improvized baptistries, or in pools within private homes or condom iniums. Weddings in church are extremely rare, and half of their total number is for heterogeneous marriages. The weddings in most cases take place on Saturdays and are preceded by a “dress-rehearsal” in church, where the participants practice the wedding arrangements. The funeral rites have been affected by the US laws, from the “beautification” of the deceased, to funeral time-schedule, to tom stone height. American monasticism within the framework of the Serbian Orthodox Church contributes to the spreading of the Serbian saints worship. The americanization of the people of faith is shaping, so to speak, the “americanization” of the ritual-religious practices.

Обкови на напрестолни евангелия - паметници на златарския център от района на Пловдив и Бачковския манастир

Author(s): Nona Petkova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2015

Eight precious Gospel covers with common typological characteristics and technology of execution are related to the production of the goldsmith centre in the region of Plovdiv and Bachkovo Monastery (its place has not been exactly determined even nowadays). They belong to the group of multi-structured Gospel precious covers and their decoration invariably includes central composition and different kind of frame (casted and embossed plaques, openwork elements or enamel bands with reach filigree ornamentations). Usually on the front cover is represented the scene Descent into Hell, and on the back side - Crucifixion of Christ and this interchange of the position of the two main themes in the iconographic program of the precious Gospel covers is one of the particularities of the group. Five of the works discussed in the article are made for Bachkovo Monastery, and the rest are related to the cultural history of Koprivshtitsa, Krichim and Samokov. The precious Gospel covers are divided into three main groups according to their characteristics. In the first two the examples are put together on the basis of the similarity in the arrangement and techniques of execution while the third group is formed on the basis of the fact that three of the works belong to the quite rare type of box bindings. In the presented precious Gospel covers one can see gradual deterioration of the execution and quality of the works as a whole with each decade. The deterioration of the goldsmith centre in the region of Plovdiv and Bachkovo Monastery made evident by the examples testifies a longer and overall process on the Balkans - the common tendency of disappearance of the mediaeval traditions at the end of 17th century and during 18th century.

Област Вaгенитија и епископија Св. Климента

Author(s): Predrag Komatina / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 53/2016

At the church council in Constantinople in 879/880 there was mentioned for the first and only time the „bishop of Vagenitia“, the area of the Slavic tribe of the Vajunits. On the other hand, the geographical area with that name is mentioned consistently in historical sources between the 7th and the 15th century. This paper analyzes the data on the geographical location of Vagenitia during the Middle Ages and the church organization in its territory and comes to the conclusion that the main area of Vagenitia between the 11th and the 15th century belonged to the bishop of Himara. Furthermore, it points out that according to the notitia no. 10 from the second half of the 10th century Himara belonged to the same bishopric as Glavinica, further to the north. As the greater area of Glavinica in the lower reaches of the river Vojuša in today‘s southern Albania has been reliably identified as the area of activity of St. Clement and his Slavic diocese established in 893, it can be concluded that the diocese of Vagenitia mentioned in 879, as the diocese of the Slavic tribe of the Vajunits, could be a Byzantine forerunner of the Slavic bishopric of St. Clement.

Образите на св. Теодор Студит в България и техният балкански контекст

Author(s): Elka Bakalova,Tsvetan Vassilev / Language(s): English,Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2015

Saint Theodore the Studite is undoubtedly one of the most prominent representatives of Orthodox monasticism. He is known primarily as an abbot of the famous Studion monastery in Constantinople, as a monastic reformer, theologian and ardent enemy of heretical iconoclastic policies in the Byzantine Empire. The sources about him emphasize above all his adamant character, his brilliant abilities as a preacher and his willingness to champion the rights of the church, even at the price of deep personal sacrifice. As a writer he is pointed out mainly with his polemic against Iconoclasme, but he is also the author of other sermons, letters and hymns. He is credited for the creation of important works of Byzantine hymnography. We especially highlight this aspect of the work of Theodore the Studite, because it turned out to be particularly essential in the representation of the saint in monumental painting. Our task here is to present the images of St Theodore the Studite in the monuments in Bulgaria as compared to similar images (mainly unpublished) from other churches in the Balkans from the period XII–XVIII c., as we add to the presented material in the study of Doula Mouriki. We have discussed the images of the saint in the Boyana church (1259), in the church of “St Stephan” (a New metropolis) in Nessebar (1599), “St Athanasius” in Arbanassi (XVII c.) and the church “The Nativity of the Virgin” of the Rozhen monastery from 1732. We pay special attention to the texts of the scrolls held by the saint. The texts inscribed on the scrolls held by St Theodore vary. This fact indicates that the image of this saint often was associated with a particular aspect of the iconographic program in which his portrait was incorporated. According to the findings of Doula Mouriki, which are confirmed by the reviewed by us monuments and texts written on the scrolls held by the saint “in so far as church decoration is concerned, Theodore appears in his role of great doctrinal personality in the icon controversy, the preacher of ideal life within monastic communities, and the composer of pertinent ecclesiastical hymns.” In addition to many new examples of frescoes in Bulgaria and other Balkan countries we should point out the especially included image of St Theodore the Studite with the corresponding hymn in the composition of the “Tree of Jesse” from XIII c. on.

Однос ктитора и игумана према Хиландарском и Студеничком типику Светог Саве

Author(s): Radomir Popović / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 151/2015

Internal (spiritual) life in Serbian medieval monasteries dedicated to the Theotokos – Chilandar and Studenica, is regulated according to typikon of the monastery, written by Saint Sava, who was a monk at the monasteries. In these Typikons, founders gained their rights in relation to their monasteries, and they are still in relation to the abbots (hygoumenos) of the monasteries. Practice scepter of the founder of the monastery that was introduced in Hilandar Monastery Typikon from 1200/1, is nothing but the tradition that had long existed in Mount Athos. So St Sava traditionally refers to the relations abbot–founder in the Serbian monasteries at the beginning of the 13th century. Besides Typicons of Hilandar and Studenica, in the medieval Serbian state and its legal order, Dušan’s Code also dealt with the jurisdiction of founder of the monastery, and with relations between abbot of the monastery and its founder. This paper explained that during the establishment of a new monastery, church tradition was very explicit and clear regarding its organization.

Односи између Српске и Бугарске православне цркве у периоду 1918−1941. године

Author(s): Radmila Radić / Language(s): Serbian / Publication Year: 0

Serbian and Bulgarian Orthodox Church entered into a process of gradual rapprochement during the interwar period. The process was aiming to overcome feelings of mutual distrust and bitterness caused by the ongoing implications of the ‘Macedonian Question’ and maltreatment of the Serbian priesthood under the Bulgarian occupation of Serbia during World War I. An important role of intermediary in this process of reconciliation was played by organization ‘The World Alliance for International Friendship through the Churches’. After the church delegates faced many difficulties; a final breakthrough in negotiations took place on the meetings held in the monastery of Rila in Bulgaria in 1933 and the monastery of St. Naum in Ohrid in 1936. Since then, the relations between the two churches became more or less sett led until the April War in Yugoslavia in 1941. Namely, as a consequence of the partition of the Yugoslav territory the Bulgarian Orthodox Church had assumed jurisdiction over three Serbian Orthodox Church dioceses in Macedonia.

Ольфакторні коди християнства

Author(s): Yuliya Vitaliyivna Yukhymyk / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 3/2019

The purpose of the article is to identify the specific of olfactorium elements‘ appearance in the orthodox ceremonial environment and their typological analysis as codificators of Christianity sacral significance. The methodology. Cross-disciplinary aesthetics and theological approach is used in identifying phenomenological specific of odor components in the orthodox context. The scientific novelty. Classification is performed and is established the functional potential of odors, which are permanently present in temple‘s environment, which appear at certain moments of cultic events, which are verbally noted with sacred texts as catalysts of numinous emotional experience and as representatives of the idea of ubiquitous testament at different levels. Conclusions. The typological analysis of olfactorium elements in the Christian context states their effective functioning in the quality of symbolic codes of essential sacral characteristics of God‘s perfection, communion with God, temple‘s chronotype, the deification of sarx, life and death.

Онтологиjа на динамизмот каj свети Максим Исповедник како довршување на хеленската мисла

Author(s): Risto Solunčev / Language(s): Greek, Ancient (to 1453),Macedonian / Issue: 21/2015

The aim of the author is to examine the possibility for setting the synthetic system of ontology of St. Maximus Confessor as a finalization of Hellenic way of thinking. Namely, the St. Maximus is not influenced by Neoplatonist philosophical paradigm, but, in its core, by Plato and his “Timaios”. The dynamic ontology of the world in St. Maximus philosophy is connected with the claim of Plato that the real being is transcendent in itself, and there is a total abyss between that being and this world. This world participates into the other world, or the other world participates in this world in a mysterious way according to Plato, but this world is like a shadow to the other world. Plato, as well as St. Maximus, insists on keeping the ontological discrepancy between the two types of being. This is not maintained in the philosophy of Plotinus and in Neoplatonism for sure. They resolve the problem by asserting that the world is one causal effect – ennead from the One, abolishing the ontological discrepancy in pantheistic manner. For ancient Greeks, only the eternal being is being in strict sense of meaning. After Plato, only one bifurcation is possible, directing the ontology to Plotinus on one hand, and to the Christian philosophy on the other hand. The complex system of St. Maximus Confessors’ ontology of logoi set in the world (ontology based on difference between the essence of God and God’s uncreated energies which are plans of God’s ecstatic love that participate in his creation), resolves the problem of Hellenic thought as entelechy: how to keep the source of being as transcendent essence and in the same time to save the world ontology not as a shadow but as eikon, as a symbol, as a part of the life of God’s Logos – Christ.

Опелото на Васил Левски

Author(s): Dimitar Hristov / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3-4/2017

Was a funeral service made after Vassil Levski’s death? An examination of the versions around the hanging, the burial and the priests who might have served leads to the conclusion that no funeral service over Levski’s mortal remains was made at Sofia. Yet, the rite was performed at Karlovo over the hair which the Deacon had given to his mother. The cleric who performed the funeral service was Archimandrite Constantine (Popov), the future Metropolitan of Vratsa, a follower of Internal Revolutionary Organization. His testimony throws light on Levski’s real image and his fondness of the Orthodox Church traditions.