Advent u kršćanskoj tradicijskoj kulturi livanjskoga kraja

Author(s): Ana Papic / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 95/2017

The paper is about Advent customs in Livno area researched between 2008 and 2016. The data were mostly collected by the method of direct interview, and to a lesser extent by indirect interview. Besides field research, the author uses reference books about Advent customs of this area. The period of Advent in Livno area is characterised by fast, devotion, the liturgy of the Mass at Dawn, spiritual and physical preparation for the most joyous feast. The paper explores Christmas preparation of Catholics in Livno, customs for the feasts f Saint Nicholas, Saint Lucy, Saint Thomas the Apostle, Christmas Eve and traditional religious folk songs. The paper also explores beliefs and customs on certain days of this period. The day that is especially rich with customs is Christmas Eve which is the culmination of joyous and festive anticipation of the birth of Jesus. The goal of the majority of the customs is to evoke blessing, happiness and prosperity during the forthcoming year. There are also some customs used to predict if somebody will marry in forthcoming year. The customs were accompanied by folk religious songs about Christmas, the birth of Jesus, Blessed Virgin Mary and saints celebrated during this period.

Ajaloo vahendamine filmis „Disko ja tuumasõda”

Author(s): Helena Haller / Language(s): Estonian / Issue: 12/2015

Historical reality can be reached through textual constructs. Reality is thus distorted, no matter how slightly. In addition, every period of time interprets texts in a way that suits best with current understandings and beliefs, admitting something and forgetting something else. Estonian pseudo-documentary film „Disco and Atomic War” (Jaak Kilmi and Kiur Aarma, 2009) is an example of an audiovisual text mediating the past. Some texts are considered as more reliable versions of history than others, as reconstructions of the actual historical world rather than constructions of just some fictional world. So the question of the credibility and reliability of the text emerges. In the film this question emerges through the usage of means of expressions that conduct the story. All the elements normally constructing credibility and reliability in a docu-mentary are here used to mix reality with conditionality. The means of expression used in the film and the ways they are combined build up three levels. Each of these offers a different viewpoint to the depicted period. Together they tell a very personal and memory based version of the Soviet period in Estonia. It is important that all the different means of expression combined in the film are remediated into a documentary space. Within the whole the elements can change their modality.

Akademske slobode i ljudsko dostojanstvo: neobičan slučaj fobičnosti Džona Finisa

Author(s): Jasminka Hasanbegovic / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3/2019

This paper focuses – through the lens of the Finnis case – on the search for answers to the questions: Where do the boundaries of academic freedom and free speech lie? Did Finnis overstep them with his “extremely discriminatory views against many groups of disadvantaged people” presented in his papers between 1992 and 2011, as it is said in the Petition to stop John Finnis teaching at Oxford University because of his discrimination? Are Finnis’ views phobic? The main theses presented in the paper are: The boundaries of academic freedom and freedom of speech have not been overstepped, but these freedoms were abused. Some of these views, as abstractly expressed opinions, are phobic, but there is no tangible proof of any discriminatory behaviour by Finnis towards anybody.

AKTUALNE KONFLIKTY NA BLISKIM WSCHODZIE I ICH WPŁYW NA SYTUACJĘ W EUROPIE

Author(s): Piotr L. Wilczynski,Viktor Verba,Anton Fogaš / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 17/2016

The Middle East is a region that significantly affects world events. A relatively hopeful period in the form of revolutionary wave of the Arab Spring, from North Africa to Gulf countries has been “drowned” in a return to “business as usual”. The political situation has escalated to the extent possible in many countries of the region and has grown up into open military conflicts and terrorist activities of individuals or smaller groups. A number of hotbeds of tension is present in the region now - Syria, Iraq, Palestine and Afghanistan in a broader context. The most complicated situation is on the border between Syria and Iraq, where followers of radical Islamist terrorist organization of Islamic State has created a state of the same name on its conquered territories. Events that take place in this space greatly affect not only immediate contact regions of Europe but also more distant areas. Central Europe and Slovakia is no exception. “Export” of Islamic fundamentalism in Europe and extension of activities of Islamic state in the form of terrorist attacks and the recruitment of volunteers left no doubt that Europe and the world are facing very tough opponent. Conflicts taking place in this region have an impact on Europe in the secondary form too. Tens of thousands of migrants who come mainly from Syria and Iraq are trying to leave their homes due to military events and persecution and to save their lives by fleeing and a subsequent immigration in the developed countries of Central and Western Europe. This rampant process has caused conflicts within the EU and “stripped” different positions of individual countries diametrically.

Aktualny stan terminologii na Litwie: badania naukowe, zarządzanie informacją i edukacja

Author(s): Albina Auksoriute / Language(s): English / Issue: 40/2016

The article discusses the current state of terminology in Lithuania, presents terminological research carried out in the last five years, analyses ways of Lithuanian terminology management, and briefly overviews terminological education and teaching in Lithuania. Lithuanian terminological research is mostly carried out at the Institute of the Lithuanian Language and at universities and other research institutes. The largest part of terminological research is carried out at the Centre of Terminology of the Institute of the Lithuanian Language, which researches Lithuanian terminology and terminography, analyses the use of Lithuanian terminology in different fields. Three ways of terminology management are discussed: terminography, creation of term banks and databases and standardisation of terms. The number of term dictionaries published in Lithuania is rather considerable – over 600. The most productive period for publishing term dictionaries is from 1990 up to date. Between 1990–2013 more than 420 term dictionaries and special encyclopaedias were published.

Alegerile prezidenţiale din Federaţia Rusă. Evoluţii şi perspective

Author(s): Paraschiva Badescu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1-2/2012

Presidential elections in March 2012 have been followed with interest by international community. Vladimir Putin won and returned to the Kremlin. Under Putin’s first two presidential mandates (2000-2008) Russia has returned to the international arena as an important player. Now, Russia is different, international situation is, also, different and very challenging. Putin’s return might be followed by the Russia’s stronger affirmation as an important international player. The study analyzes the first two presidential mandates, context, perspectives of the future internal and external evolutions and significance of Putin’s return, impact, perspectives and challenges he might face.

Aleksandra Paprot-Wielopolska, Żuławy i Powiśle. Kreowanie tożsamości lokalnych i regionalnych po 1989 roku, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Scholar, Warszawa 2018, s. 288

Author(s): Marcin Owsinski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2018

Alexandria, Kom el-Dikka Season 2016

Author(s): Grzegorz Majcherek / Language(s): English / Issue: XXVI/2017

The PCMA expedition to Kom el-Dikka conducted fieldwork between March and July 2016, filling out the usual multiple-task agenda encompassing both conservation projects and archaeological excavation. The program of work was conditioned to a large extent by the pending completion of the first stage of the Kom el-Dikka Site Presentation Project (southern zone of the site). Top priority was given to preservation work, supplemented with limited excavation in the early Islamic necropolis. A vast collection of finds including coins, plasterwork, glass artifacts of different age (from Ptolemaic to early Islamic) originating from previous seasons of fieldwork continued to be documented and studied by a group of specialists. The appendix brings a brief report on the glass finds from area CV, stratigraphically from the level of the Lower Necropolis, but chronologically from the late Roman/early Byzantine period (5th–6th century AD).

Algılanan Örgütsel Desteğin Çalışanların İç Girişimcilik Performansları Üzerindeki Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Author(s): Engin Kanbur / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 14/2016

In today's business world, in which being competitive and making this sustainable becomes more difficult, organizations should support their employees in every field to make them individuals who demonstrate more innovative, unique, risk-taking and proactive behaviors. Under the circumstances of more imitable and more similar management approaches, technology, product range and continuously changing consumer behaviors organizations have to change and develop themselves. For being successful in this change and development process, organizations can motivate their employees' intrapreneurship performance and keep organizational sustainability by providing support to them regarding organizations most important resource. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of perceived organizational support on intrapreneurship performance of employees. The research was conducted using the survey method with 384 employees at the Silverline Inc. in the 2014. The exploratory factor analyze to test the structural validity of the study the Pearson correlation analyze to measure the intensity and direction of relationships between variables and the simple linear regression analyze the causality between variables was utilized in the study. As a result of the study it is found that perceived organizational support have positive effects on intrapreneurship performance of employees and "innovation, proactivity and autonomy" as its dimensions, but also, perceived organizational support has no effects on "risk taking" as a dimension of intrapreneurship performance of employees.

Alternatívák

Author(s): Gusztáv Molnár / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 2/2015

Alternatívák könyve I-II. Kolozsvár, Pro Philosophia, 2007. (307 + 624 oldal). Alternatívák könyve. Összmagyar alternatíva III. Kolozsvár, Pro Philosophia Kiadó, 2014. (407 oldal)

Am I an Entrepreneur? Identity Struggle in the Contemporary Women Entrepreneurship Discourse

Author(s): Ludovico Bullini Orlandi / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2017

Despite extensive research into their identity, women entrepreneurs still struggle to identify themselves as entrepreneurs and encounter role models. This study shows that one explanation for this struggle is misalignment in the discourses on women entrepreneurs’ identity. Misalignments and fragmentations in discourses on identity prevent women entrepreneurs from finding discursive material with which to lay solid foundations for the social construction of their identity. By comparing and contrasting the academic discourse with the discourse from interviews with women entrepreneurs between 2012 and 2017, this study provides evidence that the discourses on women entrepreneurs’ identity are misaligned. This misalignment may depend on the tendency in academia to address gaps in the literature and devote less attention to revisiting, in new empirical contexts, issues that have been considered in prior studies. This study also highlights several issues that are framed in widely divergent ways in the two discourses. The presence of several such misalignments helps explain current difficulties that women encounter in identifying themselves as entrepreneurs.

American and Chinese perceptions and calculations regarding the North Korea’s nuclear and missile crisis

Author(s): ?erban Filip Cioculescu / Language(s): English / Issue: 1-2/2018

There is a worldwide strong preoccupation with the scenario of a regional East-Asian war starting with a military confrontation between North Korea and USA. Washington has been the main adversary of DPRK since the beginning of the communist republic and the recent evolution in the peninsula, especially the frequent military exercises involving log-range missiles and nuclear loads tested by Pyongyang in spite of US’, South Korea’s and Japan’s protests and UN resolutions, could eventually produce a war if the USA decides to use a pre-emptive strike against DPRK. People’s Republic of China is the main political and economic backer of DPRK but Beijing agreed to contribute to US-led sanctions regime against most of Northern goods in order to make Northern leader Kim Jong Un comply with UN resolutions. It seems almost sure that at the end of May/beginning of June 2018 a presidential summit between USA and DPRK will be held, and this could be a great chance for peace and confidence-building, for a gradual disarmement. China must support this trend and discourage Kim to try to do another military provocative steps.

An empirical analysis of the determinants of economic growth in the Western Balkans

Author(s): Besnik Taip Fetai,Besime Fekri Mustafi,Ariana Besnik Fetai / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2017

The objective of this paper is to assess the main determinants and the policies that affect economic growth in the Western Balkan over the period 1994 to 2015. It employs techniques such as pooled OLS, fixed and random effects model, and Hausman-Taylor model with instrumental variables (IV). The study shows evidence of conditional convergence, indicating the need for an upward move in the steady state level. The results show that foreign direct investments, gross savings and domestic credit to the private sector have a positive effect on per capita growth. On the other hand, initial level of per capita growth, corruption, unemployment, and general government final consumption, have a negative relationship with per capita growth. The study also shows a puzzling result, that schooling is not a significant factor for growth in Western Balkans. The study also highlights the relevance of attracting more foreign direct investments and reduction in corruption

An Eye on the Other. On Human Rights

Author(s): Alicja Weclawiak / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2017

The aim of the study is to show the role of culture in constructing human rights and translating them from theory to practice. After the fall of the Berlin Wall, the Western world seemed to unite, the differences between the developing West and the East that had been functioning behind the Iron Curtain, began to disappear. However, on September 11, 2001 new problems and cultural differences revealed themselves. It became clear, that - despite globalization - the world is not becoming the same. There are divisions that exclude security, so important for maintaining the status quo. Human rights established after the Second World War function well only in theory, and in practice there are many examples that question the effectiveness of these laws. One of them is the current refugee crisis. The article shows the role of art, and more specifically reportage photography, which is giving the voice to the Other, who needs help and can effectively speak to the social worlds, bringing the history of a particular person/group closer, revealing what connects us culturally.

An insight regarding economic growth and monetary policy in Romania

Author(s): Valentina Mera,Monica Pop Silaghi / Language(s): English / Issue: Spec/2015

This study introduces some aspects regarding the link between monetary policy and economic growth, through a rule well known in the literature which is named Taylor’s rule and through the concept of sacrifice ratio which encompasses the impact of the cost of disinflation on the economic growth of a country. In this paper, we rely on estimates of the growth of potential GDP of the National Bank of Romania for the period 2003-2006 while for the period 2007-2012 we rely on the estimates reported by the International Monetary Fund. Thus, we carry a deterministic exercise for computing the interest rate on the period 2003-2012 as depicted from the Taylor’s rule and we compare it with the effective monetary policy interest rate used by the National Bank of Romania. In the same time, we calculate the sacrifice ratio for the period 1997-2013 so as to be able to form an opinion regarding the cost of disinflation and its comparison with the typical estimates for larger time spans and for other countries.

AN INVESTIGATION OF THE DETERMINANTS OF FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES IN SOUTHERN AFRICAN COUNTRIES

Author(s): Kazeem Abimbola Sanusi,Daniel Francois Meyer,Adewale Samuel Hassan / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

The controversy whether the “fear of floating” or the “fear of capital mobility” determines a country’s foreign reserve holdings is an ongoing research debate. This issue remains unresolved in global economic and finance studies. This study has the aim to contribute to the ongoing debate by probing the determinants of foreign exchange reserves in Southern African countries. This study makes use of the annual data sets over the period of 26 years from 1990 to 2015, with the application of the ARDL approach within a panel econometric framework. Variables included in the model are foreign reserves, capital inflows, exports, inflation, exchange rate and imports. The empirical findings show the existence of cointegration amongst the studied variables. The findings show that exports, inflation rate, exchange rate and imports are significant determinants of foreign reserve holdings in the long run and with all the variables having positive impacts, except for import demand. Meanwhile, capital inflow was found to be a non-significant determinant of reserve holdings in the long run. Evidence from the short-run analysis shows that all the independent variables, with the exception of exchange rate, do not significantly determine reserve holdings. The study concludes that “fear of floating” rather than “fear of capital” is a significant driver or determinant of foreign reserves in Southern African countries.

AN OBSERVATION STUDY OF 2030 VISION IN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN SAUDI ARABIA

Author(s): Safar Bakheet Almudara / Language(s): English / Issue: 01/2019

"Vision 2030 implemented by Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) aims to provide education that builds children’s fundamental characteristics and establishes empowering health and social care systems. Furthermore, the engagement of the best educational institutions is one of the main principles of success. By 2020, KSA aims to engage 80% of parents in the school activities and learning processes of their children along with educational institutions. In line with this, observations were conducted in schools in three cities from three provinces in KSA. In this observational study, changes related to Vision 2030 were examined in multiple periods of 32 schools according to the type of instructions provided to students. More than 70% of all schools focused on providing knowledge to students. Alternative active learning methods, particularly those that were proven to be highly effective teaching and learning processes, were relatively ignored. Furthermore, few teachers were found to have undergone higher education and training. Nevertheless, some teachers were found to systematically attempt to address students’ issues from either a social influence or career guidance perspective. These findings suggest that if the efficiency of institutions is improved in the future, administrators would have to essentially transform teaching approaches."

An outline of the history of archaeology

Author(s): Lilian Karali,Anna Afonasina,Eugene Afonasin / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2019

In this lecture, one can find an abbreviated historical trajectory of the appearance and development of archaeology as a science. The aim is to demonstrate the perceptions and biases, which have influenced and still influence the archaeological theory and practice in negative or positive ways. The lecture was prepared for the participants of the program on “Classics and Philosophy” of Novosibirsk State University (October 2018).

Analiza kolejowych przewozów intermodalnych w Polsce w latach 2010-1016

Author(s): Anna Piszcz / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 115/2017

The development of intermodal transport in Poland has been noticeable in recent years. Railroad transport is most often used. Intermodal transport is still struggling with many barriers, but increasingly the infrastructure and policies of the European Union, which creates sustainable transport, have a positive impact on the growth of transport cohabitation. The aim of the study is to analyze the functioning of intermodal railways in Poland in the years 2010-2016. Forecasts have also been developed for this type of transport technology.

Analiza medijskog zakonodavstva u Republici Srbiji

Author(s): Predrag Dimitrijevic,Jelena Vuckovic / Language(s): Serbian / Publication Year: 2018

Development of media legislation in Serbia begins after social changes in 2000. Media law in Serbia is regulated by media laws adopted in 2014. Fundamental media laws are the Law on public information law and media, Law on electronic media and the Law on public media services. Even at the time of the adoption of these laws, the individual experts and media workers expressed concerns over how the particular insufficiently explicit provisions should be interpreted and applied. Current media laws in Serbia show a certain discrepancy and retrograde tendency, which further complicates their application and absence of case law. Poor condition in the media is a consequence of growing political influence on the media, as well as a very high concentration of ownership which violates media pluralism principle. The findings of the research show that there are pressures on the media in Serbia, that there are censorship and self-censorship, that representatives of the authorities interpret critically-minded media as their political opponents and that specific media are the means for political propaganda and crackdown of political opponents. This further complicates a realistic state and application of media legislation. Several important problems arise in the implementation of media legislation, namely: transparency of ownership and financing of private media; the need for efficient supervision of state funding and co-financing of the media; strengthening the independence and capacity of the regulatory authority for electronic media; attacks and intimidation of journalists and the need for protection of journalists.Development of media legislation in Serbia begins after social changes in 2000. Media law in Serbia is regulated by media laws adopted in 2014. Fundamental media laws are the Law on public information law and media, Law on electronic media and the Law on public media services. Even at the time of the adoption of these laws, the individual experts and media workers expressed concerns over how the particular insufficiently explicit provisions should be interpreted and applied. Current media laws in Serbia show a certain discrepancy and retrograde tendency, which further complicates their application and absence of case law. Poor condition in the media is a consequence of growing political influence on the media, as well as a very high concentration of ownership which violates media pluralism principle. The findings of the research show that there are pressures on the media in Serbia, that there are censorship and self-censorship, that representatives of the authorities interpret critically-minded media as their political opponents and that specific media are the means for political propaganda and crackdown of political opponents. This further complicates a realistic state and application of media legislation. Several important problems arise in the implementation of media legislation, namely: transparency of ownership and financing of private media; the need for efficient supervision of state funding and co-financing of the media; strengthening the independence and capacity of the regulatory authority for electronic media; attacks and intimidation of journalists and the need for protection of journalists.