2013-2015 Yılları Katılım Ve Geleneksel Bankacılık Karşılaştırması: Türkiye Örneği

Author(s): Selçuk Bakan / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 36/2017

The fact that the interest, which is a must in the banking sector, is forbidden in the Islamic religion directs individuals to interest-free banking in Muslim societies. This case leads to an increased interest in the Islamic finance and Islamic banking in the world economy. In Turkey, the participation banking sector, which is the manifestation of interest-free banking, has demonstrated a rapid growth in recent years. This study provides information about Islamic finance, Islamic banking and participation banking, analyses some financial titles about the participation banking sector in Turkey between 2013 and 2015, compares and contrasts between general banking and participation banking, and analyses the state of participation banking sector. Findings show that while there was a decline in the participation banking sector in 2015 compared to 2013, there was a development in the traditional banking data in the same years. It is believed that the transfer of Bank Asya, one of the participation banks, from the Bank to the Savings Deposit Insurance Fund by the Banking Regulation and Supervision Agency and the subsequent process has an important effect in this decline. If necessary measures are taken for the participation banking sector and if the negative issues are not repeated, it can be said that this sector which is developing all over the world can continue its development in Turkey as well.

2015 Yılı Reyting Listesi Program Analizi

Author(s): Uzman Ferhat Bakir,Hamit Ersoy / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: Special/2017

Yeni iletişim teknolojilerinin gelişmesi doğrultusunda geleneksel medyanın etkisi ve rolü her ne kadar tartışmalı gözükmekteyse de televizyon; ticari iletişim gelirleri, kamuoyu oluşturma becerisi ve kitlelere ulaşabilme gücü sayesinde günümüz Türkiye’sinde en gözde kitle iletişim aracı olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bu sebeple televizyon kuruluşlarının yapısı ve sahipliği, televizyonlarda üretilen içerik, televizyonlarda üretilen içeriğin kitleler tarafından kabulü ve beğenilmesi hem özel sektör kuruluşları hem sivil toplum kuruluşları hem de devlet tarafından yakından takip edilmektedir. Televizyondaki içeriğin seyredilme durumunu bir veri halinde sunabilen en temel araç reyting sistemidir. Reyting sistemi, televizyon kanallarında zaman ve program temelli olarak ölçümleme yapan ve hangi televizyon kanalını hangi sosyo-ekonomik statüdeki kişinin seyrettiğini belirlemeye yarayan sistemin adıdır. Bu yolla özel sektör kuruluşları hedef kitlelerine ulaşma adına ticari iletişim planlaması yapmakta ve harcamalar bu sistemdeki izlenme oranlarına göre gerçekleştirilmektedir. Bir anlamda pazar fiyatını belirleyen unsur reyting ölçümleridir. Ayrıca reyting ölçümleri; izleyicinin ilgisini çeken televizyon programlarının türü, içeriği ve hitap ettiği kitle konusunda içtimai, sosyolojik, ekonomik değerlendirme yapabilmeye imkân tanımaktadır. Bu bağlamda televizyon kanallarındaki programlar ve bazı yapım türleri son yıllarda kamuoyunda sıklıkla tartışılmakta ve gündemi meşgul etmektedir. Televizyon dizileri, kuşak programları, izdivaç yapımları alan özelinde ön plana çıkan program türleridir denilebilir. Tüm bu çerçevede 2015 yılında TİAK A.Ş. tarafından tam zamanlı ölçümü yapılan televiyon kanalları reyting listesi incelenmiş, bu listeden yararlanılarak toplam oranlarda ilk yirmi beş’e (25) giren programlar türlerine göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Sonuçta elde edilen anlamlı veriler yorumlanarak 2015 yılı popüler program türleri tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan sınıflandırma, Radyo ve Televizyon Üst Kurulu’nun ‘‘Yayınlarda Program Türleri Kod, Taknım ve Sınıflandırmaları’’ adlı kitapçığında belirlenen program türlerinin sınıflandırılması paralelinde gerçekleştirilmiştir.

2016 HOLLANDA-TÜRKİYE SİYASİ KRİZİNE HÜRRİYET VE HOLLANDA GAZETESİ ALGEMEEN DAGBLAD’IN BAKIŞININ KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

Author(s): İsmail Cem Feridunoğlu / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 43/2019

Turkish Ministers' demands to organize rallies for citizens living in Europe within the framework of the constitutional amendment which was enacted by the Grand National Assembly on January 21 and would be offered to the public through a referendum on April 16, and the rejection of these meetings first in Germany and then in the Netherlands were the starting point of the crisis. The problem, which started with Germany, deepened with the Netherlands, which was on the eve of the general elections to be held on March 15, 2017, and was ascended to the level of a diplomatic crisis. First, the speeches to be given by Minister of Justice Bekir Bozdağ in Gaggenau, Germany and Minister of Economy Nihat Zeybekçi in Cologne on March 2 were banned. Afterwards, the tension between the two countries has increased following mutually austere declarations. Considering the differences between the parties' comments on the course of events and their response to the crisis, it is obvious that the election atmosphere on both sides made an impact on the unfolding of the events.

2016 Lithuanian Parliamentary Elections: Implicit and Explicit Attitudes of Young Adults Toward the Political Parties

Author(s): Tomas Maceina,Gintautas Valickas / Language(s): English / Issue: 4 (88)/2017

Our study is directed toward the examination of attitudinal grounds of political decision-making among young (≤ 24 years old) Lithuanian voters in the national parliamentary elections. The focus is on their attitudes regarding politically specific evaluative dimensions (competence, honesty and leadership). To estimate the prognostic values of explicit/implicit attitudes toward different Lithuanian political parties, we asked participants to fill out a questionnaire and to perform three sets of ST-IATs respectively. Due to the low voting diversity among participants, an elaborate data analysis could only be conducted regarding two Lithuanian parties: the Liberal Movement (LRLS) and Homeland Union – Lithuanian Christian Democrats (TS-LKD). The results of our study suggest that explicit attitudes are more important than implicit attitudes in predicting voting behavior. We found that positive explicit and positive implicit attitudes toward the LRLS competence and leadership, respectively, predicted the decision to vote for this party (reference group: non-voters). On the same note, our findings suggest that positive explicit and implicit attitudes toward the TS-LKD honesty predicted the decision to vote for this party (reference group: non-voters). Positive implicit attitudes toward the party’s competence also predicted this decision. Finally, we found that political sophistication was an important factor by only considering explicit attitudes toward TS-LKD. Namely, the increase of explicit attitudes’ prognostic power on the decision to vote for TS-LKD was associated with the decrease of voters’ political sophistication (reference group: non-voters).

2016 metų Seimo rinkimų iššūkis partinei sistemai ir politologams: kaip numatyti žemės drebėjimą?

Author(s): Mažvydas Jastramskis / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 2 (86)/2017

This article strives to begin an academic discussion about the impact of the 2016 parliamentary elections on the Lithuanian party system. It was previously argued by political scientists that stabilization could be observed around the 2012 parliamentary elections. On the basis of renewed measures of electoral volatility (total volatility, party replacement and external volatility), the following is argued: the observed party system stabilization was more an exception than a trend. In 2016, the party system returned to the usual track: despite the deceptively small success of new parties, an increase in total and especially external volatility (signifying a weak institutionalization of the party system) was observed. If compared to the Western countries, such levels of electoral volatility point to an inchoate party system at best: 2016 was not that special, since earthquakes in Lithuanian elections are very common. Moreover, an updated map of party competition (based on the voters’ evaluations of the parties) space raises another challenge for previous research. It was previously accepted that traditional parties in Lithuania are quite successful in the integration of newcomers: hence, the party system sustains its patterns of competition from election to election, despite the high levels of volatility. However, the 2016 elections bring back the second dimension of competition, which now divides not only the newcomers and the surviving parties, but also the older populist parties vs. the election winner, the Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union. Resting on these preliminary findings, the need to further investigate electoral behavior in Lithuania is obvious. The second part of the article discusses what questions are (again) raised for the electoral research after the 2016 elections. It is not an exhaustive list, but there is a clear need to advance knowledge in these aspects: the logic of electoral volatility at the voter’s level, the (changing?) role of the electoral system, the impact of the electoral campaign, the divide between voters and politicians. In the context of these unknowns, the current possibilities of both the party system stabilization and electoral forecasting (political scientists in Lithuania are sometimes criticized for their inability to do this successfully) are viewed critically. There is a parallel between seismologists and Lithuanian political scientists, as both an earthquake and earthquake elections are hard to predict. There is a three-body problem in Lithuanian elections: unstable interactions between the supply, demand and the electoral system lead to unpredictable election results. But precisely because of this there is a need for continuing research.

21. YÜZYIL İSRAİL-TÜRKİYE İLİŞKİLERİNİN LİBERAL GÜVENLİK YORUMU

Author(s): Armağan Örki / Language(s): Turkish / Publication Year: 0

Bu çalışma, liberal kurama bağlı olarak İsrail ve Türkiye ilişkilerinin 21. yüzyıldaki durumunun değerlendirilmesini amaçlamıştır. Liberal kuramın güvenliğe bakışına dayanarak, iki ülke arasındaki ilişkilerin güvenlik yaklaşımını nasıl şekillendirdiği açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Klasik Liberalizmin küresel güvenlik ve barış yorumu, İsrail ile Türkiye arasındaki ilişkilerin tekrar değerlendirilmesinde kullanılmıştır. Kısacası 21. Yüzyıldaki İsrail ve Türkiye güvenlik algısının liberal kurama dayalı yorumlanması sunulmuştur.

21. Yüzyılda Barış ve Güvenliğin Tesisinde NATO’nun Rolü

Author(s): Sertif Demir / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 18/2016

The aim of article is to analyze what kind of role NATO will play at maintaining the peace and security in the 21st century. NATO will have to survive and contend with the differentiated risks and threats in the 21st century; in where a new global political order is structured. To this end, NATO is expected to keep contributing the peace and security in the 21st century by; being transformed into the globalized collective security organization, continuing to implement the expansion and partnership policies, increasing its military power and capacity, enabling forces and headquarters structure; weakening or eliminating the elements that can disrupt the stability, and responding crisis as required. However, in order to do so, NATO has to cope with internal and external dynamics consisting of various challenges.

22-asis Europos archeologų asociacijos susitikimas Vilniuje

Author(s): Laurynas Kurila / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 42/2016

2016 m. rugpjūčio 31 – rugsėjo 4 dienomis Vilniuje vyko iki šiol didžiausias archeologijos mokslo renginys – 22-asis Europos archeologų asociacijos (European Association of Archaeologists – EAA) susitikimas. Ši kasmetinė konferencija aplankė jau 20 Europos valstybių, o rytinėje Baltijos jūros pakrantėje vyko trečią kartą (1996 m. EAA susitikimas surengtas Rygoje, 2012 m. – Helsinkyje). Lietuvoje tik antrą kartą priimtas tokio masto „keliaujantis“ archeologijos renginys – pirmasis buvo dar 1893 m. Vilniuje surengtas IX Rusijos archeologų suvažiavimas. Žinoma, pastarasis buvo visai kitoks tiek politinėmis aplinkybėmis, tiek dalyvių skaičiumi ir geogra5ja, tiek archeologijos mokslo supratimu ir vietos archeologų bendruomenės pajėgumais, tačiau lėmė kokybinį šuolį Lietuvos archeologijoje, bent jau tuometinės Rusijos imperijos mokslo lygio ribose. Šie du daugiau nei šimtmečio skiriami renginiai ateityje neabejotinai dar ne kartą bus lyginami mokslo istorikų, ir reikia tikėtis, kad Lietuvos archeologijos žingsnis pirmyn bus pagrindinis šių palyginimų motyvas.

25-eri požiūrio į Lietuvos narystę Europos Sąjungoje tyrimų metai: 1991–2016

Author(s): Vladas Gaidys / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 4/2016

Examination of the attitudes towards Lithuania’s membership in the European Community (hereinafter the European Union) has been started in the first representative public opinion surveys. The Public Opinion Research Center at the Institute of Philosophy, Sociology and Law (Lithuanian Academy of Sciences) began to study this issue in 1991. Since then, many representative surveys have been conducted, and attitudes towards the membership have been changing. Also, motives of supporting or not supporting the membership, a thematic discourse and actuality of this issue in the society have been altering. The dynamics of different aspects of the attitudes is analyses in the paper. The empirical results show that after a strong support of the membership 25 years ago, a period of skepticism followed, and later on the period of optimism appeared again. The latest surveys indicate a high support for Lithuania’s membership in the European Union as well. A high support for the membership before the Euro referendum was not defined by believes in quick personal benefits, but rather by believes in benefits for children in the future and for Lithuania in general. This is one of the reasons why later a disappointment in the membership was not fixed. The support for Lithuania’s membership in the EU has been and remains higher among younger, better qualified people and, inhabitants of big cities.

27 Mayıs Darbesi Sonrası Türk Dış Politikasında Yeni Açılımlar: Ortadoğu ve Sovyetler Birliği ile İlişkiler (1960-1965)

Author(s): Fehim Kuruloğlu / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 54/2017

It is easy to observe some breakpoints on Turkish foreign policy during Republic era. One of this breakpoints had been occured in context of Cyprus Question in the mid 1960’s and a remarkable change is been observed in Turkish policy compared to the previous period. This study will examine the transition of Turkish foreign policy and it’s affects on Turkey-Middle East and Turkey-Soviet’s Union relations. The Detention of the relation between Western and Eastern Blocks were directly influenced the Turkey. Also internal political developments and foreign policy implementations which were largely criticized on public opinion, were the signal of the policy change. Turkey, had joined Western Block unconditionally until 1962, also needed to improve relations with Eastern Block and Middle East countries in the framework of its new policy concept after that date.

3D documentation in archaeological fieldwork: a case study from the site of Metsamor

Author(s): Otto Bagi / Language(s): English / Issue: XXVI/2017

Three-dimensional recording techniques, although growing rapidly in efficiency and applicability for archaeologists, have still not been turned to full account, mainly because they require for the most part expensive equipment and know-how. In this respect, photogrammetry is unique, being relatively cheap and easy to use. The joint Armenian–Polish archaeological project in Metsamor drew on the possibilities of this technology, which is relatively new to archaeological proceedings, in the daily recording system used at the site. The following article discusses the step-by-step application of photogrammetry in field documentation and its positive impact on archaeological work, Metsamor being taken as a case in point.

40. Rocznica śmierci ks. Henryka Wendta

Author(s): Zdzisław Włodarczyk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 9/2009

W 2010 r. mija 40. rocznica śmierci Henryka Wendta, proboszcza parafii ewangelicko-augsburskiej w Wieluniu. Jeden z uczestników uroczystości pogrzebowych Andrzej Wantuła – Biskup Kościoła Ewangelicko-Augsburskiego w Polsce wspominał: W niedzielę, dnia 15 lutego br. zmarł w Wieluniu śp. ks. Henryk Wendt w 84. roku życia. Pojechałem na pogrzeb (…). Była to manifestacja sympatii dla Zmarłego i ducha ekumenicznego: w pogrzebie wzię- ło udział pół miasta oraz 9 księży rzymskokatolickich, w tym jeden prałat. Nad grobem przemawiał ów prałat oraz miejscowy katolicki proboszcz, oczywiście oprócz naszych księży. Ja przemawiałem w kościele. Henryk Wendt był potomkiem niemieckiej rodziny pastorskiej. Jego dziadek Georg, urodzony w Osnabrück, przybył do Królestwa Polskiego w pocz. XIX w., by prowadzić działalność misyjną wśród Żydów, ojciec Fryderyk był pastorem w Łomży, Rawie i Nowosolnej.

41st Session of the World Heritage Committee Kraków, 2-12 July 2017

Author(s): Magdalena Marcinkowska / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2017

The 41st session of the World Heritage Committee (“the Committee”) was held in Kraków, 2-12 July 2017. It was Poland’s first time hosting experts from around the world who came together to discuss the system of the protection of the World Heritage Sites. The Committee’s meeting (composed of 21 States Parties) was chaired by Professor Jacek Purchla, Chairperson of the Polish National Committee for UNESCO.

60 anni di ICE-Agenzia in Polonia. 60 lat ICE – Agencji Promocji i Internacjonalizacji Przedsiębiorstw Włoskich w Polsce

Author(s): Antonino Mafodda / Language(s): Polish,Italian / Publication Year: 0

Bilingual volume published in cooperation with the Embassy of Italy in Poland and with the Italian Institute of Culture to celebrate the centenary of the Italian-Polish diplomatic relations (1919–2019).Texts by the renowned Italian and Polish authors (translated from Italian to Polish or vice versa) are divided into two parts: “Diplomacy, economy, history” and “Art, film, literature, theatre”. Such division allows to follow the Polish-Italian bonds in different fields, from translation and performance of the Italian tragedies on the Polish stages, to cooperation with the FIAT company. There is also reflection on the Polish-Italian relations in the difficult interwar period and during the Second World War. In this context one text has exceptional significance - that of Vincenzo Mario Palmieri, Italian anatomic pathologist and a member of the international commission that examined the Katyń massacre in 1943.The volume not only for the Italophiles but also for all those interested in the history of the 20th century and in the issues of the international relations.

6335 Sayılı Kanun Değişikliği Sonrası Yeni Türk Ticaret Kanunu’nda Ticari Defterlerin Yeni Düzeni Ve Finansal Raporlama

Author(s): Koray Tuan / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 6/2013

Turkish Commercial Code No. 6762, which remained in force for over 55 years, has provided for the development of commercial activity in a specific order. However, Turkish Commercial Code was insufficient to cover the current needs in the face of major changes occurring in the economic and trade life of Turkey and the rest of the world. This situation certainly gave rise to the need for preparation and implementation of an update commercial code. For this purpose, the New Turkish Commercial Code No. 6102 (New TCC) entered into force on July 1, 2012. Code No. 6335, as a 50 articles revision package, entered into force in conjunction with the New TCC published in Official Gazette No. 28339, dated June 30, 2012 in order to prevent problems that might arise in practice and to facilitate adaptation of legislation before effective date of the New TCC. In this study, the radical innovations and regulations on the order of entry of commercial books and financial reporting issues under the Code No. 6102, which also includes the changes of Code No. 6335, were examined and evaluated.

70 години от създаването на Института за литература – БАН. Интервю с доц. д-р Елка Трайкова

Author(s): Maya Padeshka / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 4/2018

A BRIEF HISTORICAL OVERVIEW OF CHINESE DIPLOMATIC TIES TO AFRICA

Author(s): Mihai Cătălin Avram / Language(s): English / Issue: 1-2/2017

The research is aimed at understanding the dynamic of Sino-African relations starting with the 1960’s. The article elaborates on the thesis that Sino-African diplomatic and economic ties have tended to fluctuate over time. Regardless of all fluctuations however, the overall relationship has strengthened. The strengthening trend is linked to multiple factors which include the dependency of local economies in relation to Chinese financial resources, the Chinese aim of gaining access to raw materials vital for a number of industrial processes but also by a constant anti-Western discourse that caught on to the African elite for quite some time. Some of the economic effects of these historic diplomatic ties are also presented.

A circular pool in the main courtyard of the “Hellenistic” House in Nea Paphos. Preliminary remarks

Author(s): Marcin M. Romaniuk / Language(s): English / Issue: XXVI/2017

Excavations in the main courtyard of the “Hellenistic” House in Nea Paphos in 2016, Polish excavations, revealed a small circular pool with immured tops of Dressel 6A amphorae in the wall surrounding it and a circular imprint in the middle of the floor. The paper undertakes a discussion of possible form and function, putting forward a tentative interpretation based on a study of parallels that we are dealing with an ornamental pool, a popular furnishing of wealthy Roman house gardens, functioning perhaps as a fishpond (piscina) or a tank with water constantly running in and out, with a labrum or columnar pedestal standing in the middle.

A comparative analysis of research – development and innovation activities in Romania

Author(s): Laura Asandului,Livia Baciu / Language(s): English / Issue: Spec/2010

When adopting the recommendations of the Lisbon Agenda or Strategy, the European states have decided that in order to make the European Union a space of competitiveness and greater social cohesion and a model of sustainable economic growth, research-development and innovation (RDI) must become the main pillar of the member states common policies. Consequently, the European Council recommended more investment in research and development, setting the collective EU target of raising research investment to 3% of the GDP, namely 1% from public funds and 2% from private sector. The current economic and financial crisis and the pressure it poses on resources, public or private, ]has limited to some extent the achievement of these objectives. The investments might not increase as anticipated or they might even decrease. However, several states have understood that, in times of crisis, the investment in research and innovation might bring tremendous gains in terms of new technologies, human capital and knowledge or, in other words, gains in economic competitiveness. This paper aims at providing a comparative analysis of the Romanian situation using the statistical indicators of the knowledge economy, those related to RDI financing and also to RDI results for the short period of time when financing has increased as a result of applying the objectives set out by the Lisbon Strategy. We underline the fact that without financing there is no research and innovation and without policies to support RDI the delays in development cannot be recovered. The final part of the paper provides several recommendations aiming at improving the RDI policies in Romania in accordance with post-2010 Lisbon Strategy.

A Comparative Assessment of Corporate Governance Ratings with Multiple-criteria Decision Analysis: A Case of Bist Xkury

Author(s): Veysel Kula,Ender Baykut / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2017

This paper aims at providing the comparative analysis of corporate governance rankings, generated by major multiple-criteria decision making tools, of fifty-six firms listed as of 2014 in Borsa Istanbul Corporate Governance Index (BIST XKURY). Normally, Capital Market Board requires each BIST XKURY company to have an annual corporate governance rating provided by a licensed rating company. The rating is essentially the weighted average of four components of “shareholder relations” (%25), “transparency and disclosure” (%25), “board of directors” (%35), and “stakeholder relations” (%15). What these ratings lack is the comparative positioning of each company based on their relative distance to the best and worst performing companies. For the purpose of comparatively assessing alternative corporate governance rankings, this study makes use of four major multiple-criteria decision tools, namely; Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Vise Kriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR), and Grey Relational Analysis (GRA). The study initially produced an overall average of annual corporate governance rating for each company over their lives in the index from the inception of the index in 2007 to 2014. The lists created by the selected methods exhibit conflicting rankings. The rankings produced by TOPSIS and AHP methods are rather similar to the ranking based on the raw, unprocessed ratings. The inconsistent rankings draw attention to the exercise of caution in generalizing the findings of any method, as other methods have the potential to generate contradicting lists.