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The article discusses the notion of ex libris and their dissemination in Šiauliai and Šiauliai University, the first ex libris in Lithuania, the activity of their collectors and the first creators in Šiauliai, Artist Gerardas Bagdonavičius, a creator, promoter of ex libris and a pedagogue, artists’ exhibitions, competitions, awards.
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In this article, we demonstrate the size of family background effects in various regions of Russia and Estonia, concentrating on urban and rural differences, addressing the idea that the family background effect is moderated by school level admission policies. Having common path-dependent educational institutions from the communist period, the countries differ in both the extensiveness of the welfare state and system level school choice policies. However, we see many commonalities in both systems, especially at the urban school level. The family background effect is defined as the dependence of student achievement on family background characteristics, such as parental education, income and social status. In operationalising family background, the number of books at home and parental education are used as proxies, and its effect is measured as a percentage of the individual level PISA 2012 score. We contribute to the literature by studying school choice, its key characteristics and moderating effects by school level admission policy in an urban environment.
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The paper takes into consideration the problem of confession as a particular case of a technique of the self in the area of university discourse. The article consists of two parts. It opens with a brief description of the Foucauldian concept of governmentality as a theoretical background for the discussion. The main part of the text includes an attempt to justify the thesis that the philosophical concept of confession adequately describes the relationship of knowledge-power that has become popular in discursive practices at contemporary university. In the conditions of “audit culture” and “convergence culture”, the questions of the techniques of confession, that is about the obligatory language and the figure of the Other to whom we confess, have become the key issues.
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The paper scrutinizes the process of spatial emancipation of Ukrainian women. It analyses the role of fashion in spatial deprivation of women and their exclusion from the public sphere as well as the role of fiction in the formation of the image of a specially emancipated female. It traces the impact of spatial freedom and geographic mobility on gender identities of Ukrainian women.
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The actuality of a paper is stipulated by nessesity to study the sources of Soviet identity and gender ideals of post Soviet society on the material of film, literature and songs as forms of culture which are the best representations of the gender ideals. The aim of the studies is to analyze the evolution of gender politics and myths, owing by to socio-political changes in the Soviet and post-Soviet societies. The methods of research are gender critics, psychoanalysis, poststructuralist deconstruction, semiotics. The sources of Soviet identity and gender ideals are typologized in the conclusion.
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The article deals with environmental future of cities founded in the late XVIII century, on the outskirts of the Russian Empire - Odessa, Sevastopol, Simferopol, Yalta. The author uses the semiotic definition of “excentric” city in the treatment of Y.Lotman and V.Benyamin. The city is considered as the antithesis of nature, the negative consequences of the struggle between nature and artifice are shown. The perspectives of forming environmental culture and environmental awareness of citizens through new interdisciplinary areas - urboekology, architectural ecology, cultural geography are investigated.
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The article studies the historical and theoretical background of qualification of the Soviet composer S. Prokofiev as a conformist. The biography of the composer reveals the strategies ensuring success and domination in the field of the soviet culture. In term of methodology the article is grounded on the conception of Pierre Bourdieu of appropriation and redistribution of the power in the field of art. The conformist strategy is understood as a type of exchange between the artist and the power producing the symbolic capital. The article also defines the conditions and the sources of the symbolic capital of S. Prokofiev in the Stalinist epoch.
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The article is devoted to the comparative analysis of the four songs about Moscow, written in different epochs of the Soviet period of history. These are “The song of the old horse carrier” (1935), “The song about Moscow” from the film “The pig-tender and the shepherd” (1941), “I walk around Moscow” (1964), and “Alexandra” from the film “Moscow does not believe in tears” (1979). The analysis allowed the author to reveal the significant features of the mental and the artistic style of the four different epochs, which had reflected in those songs. Each of them marks a unique model of the world, specified by a certain emotional and ideological orientation of the world view. The first model (the early 1930s) is defined as a compromiseconformist: it attempts to conciliate the everyday patriarchal habits of the NEP-period with the desire for comfort, scientific and technological, and social advance. The second model, appeared in the pre-war years, can be called pseudo-sacral and to the highest degree utopian. It most adequately expresses the essence of the “socialist dream”. In the years of the Khrushchev thaw the third model emerged, combining the fashionable in those times neorealism with the utopian idealism, expressed in the relatively soft form. And, finally, the forth model of the world, in which the 1970s’ mentality has reflected, and which logically completes the Soviet period of history, - the organic model, with a slight touch of historic fatalism. It appealed to the “eternal”, objective laws of nature and traditional values.
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In the form of a dialogue between a sociologist and a culture expert the issue of a man in a large modern Russian city is being discussed in the article. The sociological tradition which has raised the problem of the individual in the urbanized space is being reconstructed. The modern Russian city is considered as a conflict field between the Soviet object area, and the new human relations bourgeois by their nature. The question of a social nature of a city dweller is being raised: whether he is a special anthropological type, or it is only about some extra cultural features of a businessman, fabric worker, office manager? The authors find in the city dweller the typological features emerging in the different epochs. The modern city dweller is considered first of all as the individual consuming, living in the space of the myth.
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The article considers the modern politics of memory of the Ukrainian society, which does not include in the national historical narrative the events connected with one of the most numerous ethnic national minorities of Ukraine. Here the symbols of Sovietness (“Sovetskost”) in the post-Soviet space are the lacking sites of memory in the city space, connected with the Jewish people who have been recognized marginal for the national project. Thus while analyzing the modern museumization and memoralization of the Holocaust victims the author revealed not yet overwhelmed Soviet ideological clichés in which the Jews are pictured as “the others” to Ukrainian history, and the national identity construction is based on the image of the titular social community.
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25 – 26 апреля 2013 года в Уральском федеральном университете имени первого президента России Б.Н. Ельцина на базе Института гуманитарных наук и искусств, Инсти- тута социально-политических наук и Межвузовского центра по преподаванию культуроло- гии в технических вузах состоялся третий научный семинар с международным участием междисциплинарного проекта «Советский мир: конформизм и конформисты», который назывался «Левая идея в поле советского искусства». В рамках этого проекта, иницииро- ванного профессором Т. А. Кругловой и профессором М. А. Литовской в апреле 2012 года, уже были проведены два всероссийских научных семинара (см. «Лабиринт» №№ 2, 5 за 2012 г., № 1 (6) за 2013 г.).
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1–4 июля 2013 года при поддержке Института литературы имени Тараса Шевченко Национальной академии наук Украины на базе Нежинского государственного университе- та имени Николая Гоголя состоялся ІІІ Международный научный семинар из серии «Studia Sovietica». Тема этого семинара — «Хронология советской культуры: константы и транс- формации».
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The phenomenon of consumption has been studied from different perspectives and is represented in philosophical, culturological, sociological, psychological and economic scientific literature. It is usually described in a complex, without paying attention to the particular aspects of consumption. The author considers this phenomenon in a particular context – the sphere of education. The author studies the model of education refocusing on a qualified consumer training. The author proves the danger and malignance of such a vector of education reforming. The article proves that, in the period of “liquid modernity”, education should be focused not only on knowledge, but also on the phenomenon of understanding.
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Заштатный город Иваново (в 1871-1932 годах Иваново Вознесенск) уже к моменту основания представлял собой крупный текстильный центр («русский Манчестер», как назвал его академик В. П. Безобразов), превышавший по числу жителей губернский Владимир. Во время всеобщей заба- стовки в 1905 году в нём был создан Совет уполномоченных от фабрик. Именно это событие стало во многом определяющим для города в течение большей части ХХ столетия: за последние без малого сто лет его позиционирование осуществлялось с помощью таких маркеров как «красный Манче- стер», «кузница пролетарских кадров», «третья пролетарская столица», «родина Первого Совета». К идеологически заряженным репрезентациям следует добавить ещё две — «столица текстильного края» и «город невест».
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The article provides a new interpretation of the phenomenon of "double negative selection" in teacher’s training. The author shows that large numbers of students from social groups with low status in pedagogical universities can be explained not only by the low prestige of the teaching profession, but also by regional migration processes. This thesis is based on the results of the empirical sociological research held in Perm. From this point of view, pedagogical universities have important social functions, such as the integration of the regional community, the adaptation of youth to the urban culture, the leveling of social inequalities.
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The article examines the foremost conceptual results of branding practices in several Russian cities using theoretical model of cultural politics as the basis. The article compares Russian local cultural policies to various European models of cultural policy. The article identifies contradictions and problems of Russian models of cultural policy. Finally, the study gives proposes new perspective projects of research of Russian territorial branding.
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The article discusses the evolution of the theme of Arkaim in the cultural consciousness of Russia of the last decade. There are three groups of approaches to this topic: scientific analysis of Arkaim’s phenomen and its sharp criticism, apologetics and mythological interpretation, attempt to understand what constitutes Arkaim (this is the most rare and difficult position). Hence we see the different images and ideologies created around this historical and archaeological monument of South Urals. Arkaim embodies the idea of a special status of the Urals, or the idea of Aryan civilization, or the national idea of Russia. The analysis involves the materials of Internet resources and different genres of essays by contemporary scholars, ideologues, journalists, critics.
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This paper considers the main approaches to the definition of the concept “region”. The scientific research of this term is supposed to reveal the tendency to sophistication of the concept “region” due to the emphasizing the subjective elements in it`s structure. The author concludes about the importance of the ideas of constructivism in the ontological status of region as well as the relevancy of the material factor in the conceptualization of the region.
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Correlation of communal apartment images in Soviet films and anecdotes is considered as a basis for categorization of communal everyday life, interpersonal relations of neighbours and communal psychology. An integrated image is developed on the basis of the analysis of similarities and differences of images from different sources.
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The article reveals the features of everyday life in student dormitories of universities or postsecondary educational institutions in new urban areas in the middle of the 20th century in the cities of Siberia. As specific regions of mass housing of the 1950 – 1960s the author studies the areas related to the types of the workers’ (Omsk town of oilmen) and the scientific (Novosibirsk Akademgorodok). The study is based mainly on the methods of oral history and has an interdisciplinary character. The author concludes that the sociocultural milieu of those dormitories had a significant influence. It determined not only the home dimension of students’ everyday life, but also some mental guidelines of students of a particular area. In those new dormitories had formed the elements of everyday life which later on characterized students’ life.
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