Du latin tardif au numérique. Une histoire de la phrase française des « Serments de Strasbourg » aux écritures numériques sous la direction de Gilles Siouffi

Author(s): Françoise Collinet,Joanna Górnikiewicz / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2023

The article constitutes a report on the publication Une histoire de la phrase française des Serments de Strasbourg aux écritures numériques [A History of French Sentence from the “Oaths of Strasbourg” to Digital Writing] published under the direction of Gilles Siouffi. The notion of a sentence seems nowadays so widely shared that we could be tempted to think that all over the history it was an obvious thing. Texts used by the authors demonstrate the contrary, they show that a sentence was for a long time contending with little success against competitive concepts (such as period, proposition, to mention just the most important ones) and that it is the outcome of a complicated history relating to various areas of the social life: political history, literary history, technical innovations, language analyses, etc. Apart from the authors’ erudition and their ability to include linguistic thinking into the common history, this work seduces by the contrast between texts certified and the model of a sentence, which contemporary French speakers have encoded.

QUALITY OF LIFE OF INSTITUTIONALIZED TEENAGERS WITH MENTAL DEFICIENCY. A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE

Author(s): Adriana Ciobanu,Mihaela Tănăsoiu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 33/2023

This article aims to theoretically analyze the quality of life of institutionalized teenagers with intellectual disabilities. By examining existing literature and relevant theories, the article provides a deeper understanding of this issue and suggests directions for future research and practice. Quality of life (QoL) has become a central theme in psychological research on people with intellectual disabilities. This article reviews the existing literature on quality of life in institutionalized youth with intellectual disabilities, focusing on indicators of physical, emotional, and social well-being.

THE POLITICS OF CLASS IN VICTORIAN LITERATURE – AN OVERVIEW

Author(s): Laurențiu Boșog / Language(s): English Issue: 33/2023

Issues of social class make up an inescapable part of reality. As fiction tends to be used to reflect reality, shining various spotlights on issues that plague it, social class and class consciousness inevitably become part of the literary discourse. In this article we will take a quick look at manifestations of class related discourse in Victorian literature, using the works of authors such as Charles Dickens, George Eliot and Henry James as examples.

SOCIAL DYNAMICS AND ROMANTIC PURSUITS IN JANE AUSTEN’S EMMA: EXPLORING STATUS, COMPETITION, PRIVACY AND MARRIAGES

Author(s): Gina-Geta Fojica-Chiroiu / Language(s): English Issue: 33/2023

In Jane Austen’s Emma, social status plays a significant role in the characters’ lives, particularly for the protagonist, Emma Woodhouse. Emma, a wealthy and privileged young woman, believes that no man is worthy of her hand in marriage due to her high social standing. Meanwhile, Harriet Smith and Jane Fairfax, both lacking in social status and fortune, face limited marriage prospects. Emma, influenced by her own vanity, attempts to shape Harriet’s destiny by discouraging her from accepting a proposal from a suitable farmer, Mr. Martin, and instead encouraging her to pursue a match with the respected but uninterested Mr. Elton. Emma’s misguided meddling continues as Harriet develops feelings for Emma’s close friend, Mr. Knightley, whom Emma believes is far above Harriet’s social station. In contrast, Jane Fairfax, despite her lack of fortune, is highly accomplished and educated, making her a potential match for higher social status. Ultimately, Austen pairs Harriet with Mr. Martin, the most suitable partner for her, and rewards Jane’s intelligence and accomplishments by uniting her with Frank Churchill, a man of similar social standing. Throughout the novel, competition arises among the female characters, driven by Emma’s vanity and desire for control. However, these competitions serve a purpose, leading Emma to confront her true feelings for Mr. Knightley and ultimately find her own happiness. This article also explores the influence of privacy and courtship rules in the novel which represent a mirror for the social interactions in the eighteen century. The characters’ visits and social gatherings reveal levels of intimacy and attachment. Misunderstandings arise due to the characters’ inability to express their feelings openly. The novel features six marriages, some successful and others influenced by social status or misguided matchmaking attempts. Ultimately, the story highlights the importance of genuine love, social conventions, and clear communication in relationships.

RISKY DRIVING BEHAVIOR: IMPORTANCE OF PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTION PROGRAMS IN REDUCING DANGEROUS BEHAVIOR ON THE ROAD

Author(s): Felicia Haidu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 33/2023

The impact of risky driving includes accidents resulting in injuries, loss of life, and economic costs. Various interventions, such as public awareness campaigns, education, law enforcement, and technological measures, have been implemented to address this issue. However, the effectiveness of these interventions may vary, and a comprehensive approach that includes emotional and cognitive education is needed. The study emphasizes the relevance of addressing and resolving dangerous driving behaviors to prevent accidents and their consequences, through psychosocial intervention programs. The program's objectives included reducing aggression in traffic, improving self-control and conflict management skills, and increasing awareness of aggressive driving behaviors. The program involved a group of 100 participants selected based on their high levels of aggressive driving behavior. The intervention program was found to significantly reduce risky driving behavior, as evidenced by posttest comparisons using ANCOVA. The results suggested that the intervention had a positive impact on the experimental group, leading to lower levels of risky driving behavior. These findings emphasize the importance of intervention programs in promoting safer driving and reducing risks on the road.

Wprowadzenie. Laboratoria kultury współczesnej. Część 2

Author(s): Alicja Kędziora / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2023

NDRYSHIMI I HAPËSIRËS SË INTERPRETIMIT DHE I AUDIENCËS: INDIVIDUAL NË SKENIK

Author(s): Leontina Gega-Musa / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 52/2022

Folkloric creativity, expressed through recognized artistic forms, used to have a specific performance in time and space, and in front of a specific audience. Due to a multitude of factors, and as a result of social and technological development in the society, nowadays,one cannot find the former oral communication of folklore as it used to be within the uneducated layers of the population. Traditional folklore, but also the one recreated based on the former forms, nowadays distributed within a new communication horizon, through various audiovisual and technological forms, has influencedcreation of new and different relationships between a receiver/recipient and a creator/reproducer, unlike those that once existed. On the other hand, presentation of folklore as part of the cultural heritage is being increasingly used to promote traditional culture in the cultural industry through folklore festivals, which as cultural events in the Albanian culture have a relatively long tradition of organization. Based on the references of the researchers who have dealt with this issue, this paper aims at emphasizing what time-space-audience relationship used to be in folkloric performances, what are the factors that influenced change in this relationship today, as well as how much and to what extent hasthe functional aspect of the spiritual creativity changed by putting on stage such performances in folklore festivals and its relationship with the audience.

KAH NJË SHTETGRAFI E KOSOVËS?: NJË DISKUTIM HYRËS MBI PREMISAT E NJË ANTROPOLOGJIE TË SHTETIT

Author(s): Arsim Canolli / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 52/2022

In this paper I provide a short overview of selected and recent interpretations from political science and social anthropology on statebuilding in Kosova. The essay is an attempt to engage in a more broader " ethnography of state" research framework or/ and the insightful pathway of "stategraphy" to connect the interpretation of the structures, functions, practices, images and general state discourses with the dynamics of architecture of state institutions and state effects, as an act, a process and a result, in the social and cultural lifeworlds. The essay underlines the need to discuss the premises of an anthropology of the state and state building of Kosovo, looking at the differences between the state as res publicae architecture and the state as an effect, relationship and constant negotiation with society.

EKSPONATET DHE MUZEU – PASURI, HISTORI, TRASHËGIMI

Author(s): Bekim Xhemili / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 52/2022

This paper will deal with a small part of the history and contribution of the Museum of Kosovo, as well as collecting of the museum collection in the field of ethnology and enrichment with new exhibits. TheMuseum of Kosovo,despitedifficulties,circumstances and challenges faced during its activity since its establishment in 1949, has managed to give a lot to the field of culture. Thus starting with the first authentic research in Kosovo in the field of archaeology, then ethnology, nature, history and related fields. It has managed to discover the archaeological treasure and dozens of archaeological sites throughout Kosovo. A large number of archaeological, ethnological, historical, natural, and numismatic exhibits, followed by documents, photographs, have been collected and brought to the museum by its staff, therebyestablishing the first collections, which are already numerous, covering different periods and fields. New cultural institutions have been established within the Museum of Kosovo. The ethnology fund comprising several thousand exhibits, which mainly cover the period of the XVIII-XX centuries, and which can be classified according to different historical periods, subject composition, ethnoculturalbackgrounds and different of social, economic and socialstructures. The focus of this paper will be on the part of oral history, memory, family heritage as well as the cultural, artistic and spiritual values of the exhibits collected and donated by citizens during the recent years. There are a total of six conversations of different subjects, as described according to the exhibits, which they donated. As challenges remain, the destruction of hundreds of thousands of objects and family houses along with exhibits, during the last war in Kosovo, the lack of research-collecting activities and the non-allocation of the budget for purposes of buying of private collections. Also rapid economic, social and technological developments and way of life in modern times makes families stop using their old things inherited from their ancestors.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE USE OF PROGRESSIVE FORMS IN THE ALBANIAN - ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF THE NOVEL ‘THE DOLL’ BY ISMAIL KADARE

Author(s): Anisa BEADINI,Arta TOÇI / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Translation is a process that incorporates two languages and two cultures, it is considered as an act of conveying a message from one society to another. Languages contain different expressions, literary aspects for which translation enables them to be delivered to other cultures. The focus of this research is on the progressive or continuous tenses of Albanian and English language. The progressive tenses of both languages show an ongoing action at an unspecific time in the present, past or in the future. To conduct this research and to analyze and contrast the progressive tenses, we have used the novel “Kukulla” – “The Doll” by Ismail Kadare. The novel has an intriguing, specific topic which is not commonly used in literary texts. Besides its topic, the cultural aspects that Ismail Kadare has masterly incorporated in the novel make it a distinct and important novel to analyze. The aim of this research is to clarify the aspect of progressive tenses of Albanian language and English language. It aims to identify and analyze whether the tense shift from Albanian language to English language changes the meaning and the form of the source text.

KUT VE TÖRE KAVRAMLARININ TÜRK DEVLET FELSEFESİNDEKİ YERİ ve BİR ÜLKÜ OLARAK KIZILELMA

Author(s): Yıldırım TORUN / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 59/2023

Turkish state philosophy is a philosophy that aims to create a state structure first and then to create the theoretical structure of this state. In this sense, it is clear that Turkish state philosophy is different from Western political philosophies. On the basis of this state philosophy, two concepts have a very important place. These concepts are the concepts of "custom" and "kut". These concepts come to the fore with their functions that regulate the structure and functioning of the state. However, it is known that Turkish state philosophy also uses some ideals and symbols. These ideals and symbols were seen and used as both an end and a tool for this state philosophy. Turkish State philosophy consists of two different historical processes in these contexts. While the first of these is the pre-Islamic Turkish state understanding, the second can be listed as the post-Islamic Turkish state understanding. The pre-Islamic Turkish understanding of state is shaped by the understanding of sovereignty, the concept of custom and the legal order identified with it. The post-Islamic understanding of the Turkish state, on the other hand, consists of the combination of the basic characteristics of the Islamic faith and Turkish customs. In this sense, it can be stated that the Turkish state understanding of this period is based on a political understanding based on the synthesis of Islamic civilization and Turkish civilization.

“ƏSLİ və KƏRƏM” DASTANININ TƏDQİQİNDƏ SALMAN MÜMTAZIN ROLU

Author(s): Kadim RUFULLAYEV / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 59/2023

The article is dedicated to the study of the epic "Asli and Karam" which is one of the folk novels of the famous Azerbaijani folklorist Salman Mumtaz. It is emphasized in the article that Salman Mumtaz, who had an important role in the development of Azerbaijani folklore studies, along with many examples of folklore, researched on the "Asli and Karam" epic, collected and published poems related to the work, and published his conclusions related to the topic in the press. It is obvious that "Asli va Karam" epic is one of the works that formed an important stage in the development of Azerbaijani novelism and created a tradition. This folk novel, which stands in a unique position in our folklore and is welcomed by readers and listeners, is written on the theme of love. The main theme of the work includes topics such as achieving spiritual beauty and nurturing it, appreciating and developing human qualities such as loyalty, trust and loyalty in love, prosperous goal, forming the position of the homeland and citizenship, endlessly fighting for the success of friendship, pure love and worldly values. It is clear that Ziyad Khan's son Mahmud falls in love with Maryam, the priest's daughter, although Ziyadkhan is happy about it, the priest is not delighted for it because the young belong to different religions, and he is against coming together of the lovers, and causes their tragedies and seperation. S. Mumtaz writes down this popular novel in the 30s of the last century and published it in the "Edebiyyat newspaper". The fact that Salman Mumtaz deal with the importance of "Asli va Karam" as much as "Koroglu" epic means that it was formed approximately in the 16th and 17th centuries. Even the idea that Karam, one of the heroes of the epic, is aimed. After that, many researchers, M.H. Tahmasib, I. Abbasli, Gara Namazov and recent folklorists expressed their opinions about the identity and ethnicity of not only Karam, but also Asli in the article. The epic "Asli and Karam" is one of the rich examples of our nation's centuries-old cultural history. The work once again shows that the Azerbaijan own humanistic and multicultural values and live with constantly humanistic views and progressive ideas.

İNTERNET FOLKLORU ve ARAŞTIRMA YÖNTEMLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME

Author(s): Ümit OĞUR / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 59/2023

In the study, academic approaches developed for use in folklore research carried out in digital environments are shared with their theoretical references. It has been tried to explain not only the usability of these approaches in data analysis, but also their abilities in defining the research area and classifying the sample objects. The study consists of two main parts. The first online socialization areas are briefly introduced. The second part is the section where folklore productions produced in digital environments and research techniques suitable for use in the identification and analysis processes of the said field are introduced. In the result of working; It has been seen that the detection of Folklore productions in the digital environment and the transformations in the application forms of anonymous oral genres can be subjected to a more stable separation with research methods.

Supermarket theatres, oversupply of labour and new holders of capital in Greek theatre during the debt crisis (2010-2019)

Author(s): Tassos Angelopoulos / Language(s): English Issue: 23/2022

Using Pierre Bourdieu’s field methodology, the article tries to chart the rearrangements within the theatrical field in Greece during the decade of the economic crisis (2010-2019). The article identifies the distortions of the Greek theatrical market, such as the oversupply of labour and the replacement of theatres with an artistic imprint by the here called “supermarket” theatres. In addition, we follow the attempt of the “Stegi” by the Onassis Foundation to emerge as the central holder of the (symbolic) capital within this theatrical field, occupying the place Amore Theater used to have. Finally, it is concluded that the theatrical field - and because of the pandemic that followed the economic crisis – resists against fully mapping, as new initiatives and groupings are still taking place within it.

Emancipatorska uloga umetnosti i medija u reprezentaciji traume

Author(s): Mirjana Nikolić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 23/2022

Art and the media have a significant role in the representation of reality, and throughout their history, they have often been a powerful tool for social and political elites to achieve their goals. It is, therefore, not surprising that, during the reign of totalitarian regimes and in crisis social situations, art and the media claim the absolute right to the truth, acting as a means of propaganda, imprinting the desired ideas in the consciousness of citizens as an audience. There are numerous papers in which the capacities of art and media are presented and analyzed, considering their roles in social engagement and manipulation. Starting from the theoretical views of Jacques Rancière (emancipated viewer) and H. M. Enzensberger (emancipatory role of the media), the paper will analyze the cohesion of art and media in the process of representing the past, especially when it is a source of traumatic experiences. The great crisis generated by World War II, and the Holocaust as a product of it, was a generator of a global trauma as well as the source of a series of individual traumas. Through specific examples related to the field of radio drama, movie, and themedia, we will try to re-examine the capacities of art forms and media texts in representing trauma, as well as their ability to bring horrible events from the past to the audience. Does the essence of a work of art represent its capacity to be a transmitter of traumatic experiences or is it a ramp, a border, a line of defense for the audience, considering the fact that, even in its most inherent form, a work of art is more moderate than the reality it refers to? The key case studies in the analysis of the presented hypotheses will be two artistic, media texts, both from 1985: The movie Shaw (by Claude Lanzmann) and the radio drama Searching for Ashes (Djordje Lebovic / Slobodan Boda Markovic)

(De)instrumentalizacija pušenja u savremenoj vizuelnoj kulturi na primjeru arhetipa buntovnika/buntovnice

Author(s): Nataša Tešanović / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 23/2022

The idea of ‘rebellion/disobedience as an immanence of freedom’ is a frequently used concept in storytelling strategies, whether art, marketing, or political activism. This idea can simultaneously or successively permeate all three areas, which is plastically demonstrated by the example of the rebel archetype. Originally used to advertise cigarette brands by celebrities, the archetype served as a means by which the tobacco industry reached new categories of consumers, who saw smoking as an act of liberation from social restraints and prejudices. By strengthening the so-called health agenda, and especially its use for political purposes, there are many bans on both direct consumption and advertising of cigarettes. Instead of directly promoting brands, the tobacco industry opts for indirectly mediating the act of smoking in visual culture, but this time with the use of narratives with a central rebel figure. By additional labeling and marginalization of smokers in public discourse, which often turns out to be a kind of act of political hypocrisy/screen for numerous undemocratic activities, smoking within the visual culture is increasingly presented as an act of rebellion, that is, a symbol of the struggle against political correctness and law-washed repression. In that context, through the historical presentation of the use of the rebel archetype in visual culture, mainly in movies and TV series, that is, through a descriptive-analytical approach to selected figures of smokers-rebels, within this research we will consider the decades-long symbiosis of the tobacco industry and marketing strategies of storytelling, as well as subversive artistic practices that oppose them. The results of the undertaken research indicate that the (de) instrumentalization of smoking in contemporary visual culture turns out to be a very current topic that pretends to anticipate cultural trends in a way and in ranges that go beyond the act of smoking and its direct implications.

The cemetery of the Cernavodă I culture at Orlovka-Kartal

Author(s): Igor V. Bruyako,Blagoje Govedarica,Igor V. Manzura / Language(s): English Issue: 51/2022

The article presents materials of the late Eneolithic cemetery related to the Cernavodă I culture. The cemetery is part of a very extensive archaeological complex with the name Kartal located in the vicinity of the village of Orlovka (the Reni district, the Odessa county) on the Lower Danube. About 40 late Eneolithic graves were uncovered in the cemetery for several years of excavations. The graves are represented by inhumations in oval and rectangular pits. The deceased are buried in a crouched position on the left side or on the back. Grave goods are quite rare and usually include single vessels. Burial rite in the cemetery has clear parallels in mortuary traditions of the Cernavodă I culture in the Balkans and steppe Eneolithic graves in the North-West Pontic region.

Rezultati arheološke prospekcije 2017. godine na lokalitetu Vranjače

Author(s): Adnan Kaljanac,Jesenko Hadžihasanović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 51/2022

The aim of the article is to present the results of trial archaeological research on the site of Vranjače, situated east from the site of the national monument The Archaeological site of Debelo Brdo, a prehistoric hillfort settlement, antique and late antique defence structure in Sarajevo conducted during August of 2017. In accordance with the above, the methodology used during the implementation of trial archaeological research will be briefly described, primarily the use of extensive field survey (ETP), with the aim of obtaining results that would give a complete picture of the distribution of archaeological potential of the site of Vranjače.

Lipac - nalazi iz grobova finalnog bronzanog doba sjeverne Bosne

Author(s): Aleksandar Jašarević / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 51/2022

During the final stages of the Late Bronze Age (9th–8th century BC) the territory of northern Bosnia was characterised by remarkable cultural dynamics, visible primarily in the distribution of metal finds: weapons, tools, jewellery, and functional costume objects. A new type of funeral practice – inhumation – emerged here, with this perhaps being an important factor in the formation and social stratification of communities living in this area at the end of the Late Bronze Age and the beginning of the Early Iron Age. In this paper, a group of remarkable objects is presented for the first time. The collection of chance finds from Lipac, near Doboj, consists of a group of metal functional-decorative objects of high craftsmanship, and a smaller group of ceramic vessels, most likely found as part of a burial inventory dated to the early 8th century BC. In addition to basic information on the distribution and chronological framework of certain pieces of ornaments themselves, the grave finds from Lipac provide us with exceptional insight into possible local technological innovations and adaptations based on local traditions, models and aesthetic criteria established among communities from this period. Objects in the grave can be divided into two groups: objects related to food and drink, and bronze ornaments related to personal attire.

Fear of missing out as a mediator and social capital as a moderator of the relationship between the narcissism and the social media use among adolescents

Author(s): Lilan Jiang,Aitao Lu,Yuxiang Lin,Siyi Liu,Juan Li,Tianhua Song,Chenxi Li,Xin Huang,Xuebin Wang,Jialing Luo,Liwen Ye,Yexuan Jian,Wenya Zhong / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 4/2023

Many risk behaviors, such as cigarette smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and problematic social media use (PSMU), are formed and developed during adolescence. These risk behaviors may become even more acute with lasting global economic impacts of the 2020-2022 COVID-19 pandemic. Previous research indicates that narcissism can lead to problematic social media use; however, there is a gap in the knowledge about the mediating and moderating variables facilitating this relationship. This study examines the role of fear of missing out (FoMO) as a mediator in this relationship and the role of social capital as a moderator for this mediation effect among Chinese adolescents during the 2020-2022 COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 1380 adolescents (825 females) anonymously completed the questionnaires which assessed the four variables of interest. Our results showed that fear of missing out mediated the associations between self-superior and other-inferior narcissism and problematic social media use, and this effect was stronger with other-inferior narcissism. Additionally, social capital strengthened the mediation effect of fear of missing out in the relationships between self-superior and other-inferior narcissism and problematic social media use. The results have critical implications for the prevention of adolescents’ PSMU.