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OSNAŽIVANJE MLADIH ZA AKTIVNO I SIGURNO UČEŠĆE U MEDIJSKOM OKRUŽENJU

Author(s): Emina Dedić Bukvić,Anida Manko,Meliha Karić / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 8/2023

Media education is one of the basic human rights of each individual and it allows for critical thinking about the media messages and content, as well as developing creativity and awareness about it. It promotes the idea of social responsibility in regards to privacy, safety and each individual's dignity. Taking into consideration the importance of media education, this paper aims to provide media education for youth and develop their media competences to safely use the media landscape. Therefore, the paper aims to determine the knowledge, skills and attitudes which students of teacher training student programs at University of Sarajevo have about media. The importance and values of media education and media competences for every individual are determined through are view and analysis of recent and relevant literature. Thereafter, training for the students was organized commemorating the Global Media and Information Literacy Week. Within the training, the students explored the key features of media education, media rights and responsibility. Afterwards they were challenging the role of media in regards to youth and children's interests, and analyzing the media content for people with disabilities. At the end of the training, the students created info graphics in which they presented their key conclusions. The info graphics is published on the official digital platform Medijska i informacijska pismenost. Evaluation of the training pointed to the utmost necessity of investigating the knowledge, skills and attitudes of students of teacher training student programs at University of Sarajevo. The results show that the students, the future teachers, recognize media education as one of the basic human rights and that the safe use of media is one of the skills of media competences. They underlined that media education is an important tool in promoting critical thinking about media content and messages. Having followed media content, the students recognized that the creators of media content present children with disabilities in a way which induces pity in media consumers. Therefore, we emphasize using education to prepare children and youth to constructively and effectively use media and its potential.

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IZAZOVI I OBRAZOVANJE NOVE GENERACIJE UČENIKA

Author(s): Sanda Milošević / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 8/2023

The challenges in educating the generation, which uses smartphones before it can walk and utter the first words, and leaves its first "digital footprint" on the Internet even before it is born, are great and present a serious task to both parents and teachers. Members of this generation in English-speaking countries are designated as the alpha generation, and the generation timeline includes young people who were born between 2010 and 2024.The research was carried out in "Mladen Stojanović" Elementary School in Laktaši, and our intention is to gather information and to raise awareness of various aspects of the use of the Internet and digital technologies and their effects, both positive and negative, regarding the alpha generation of students. Students filled out a questionnaire, independently or with the help of a teacher, which was designed to give us an insight into the scope of Internet use among children of this age, such as the number of hours spent on the Internet and the devices used by children. One part of the questionnaire scrutinizes the use of social networks and digital skills, and the final part of the questionnaire refers to the dangers and risks that these students may have, as well as looking into the influence of parents and teachers on the safe and constructive use of the Internet and digital technologies. In our work, we also deal with the question of how prepared our school system is for the challenges in educating members of this generation. We contribute an overview of good examples in our country and in the region and based on the findings from the questionnaire, we will try to provide some principles for innovation and work for teachers, parents and pedagogues.

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KOUZLO STARÝCH POHLEDNIC KE KRITICKÉ METODOLOGII INTERPRETACE POPULÁRNÍHO HISTORIOGRAFICKÉHO ŽÁNRU

Author(s): Jan Seidl / Language(s): Czech Issue: 02/2020

This article focuses on a critical analysis of a corpus of books featuring antique postcards of the Liberec region (Czech Republic) which were re-published in the last 20 years. The author studies this empirical material in connection to the local identities formation in a region with a complex modern history. Methodologically, he builds on a phenomenologically oriented theory of a place as a focus of individually ascribed meanings. He approaches postcards as signs with a distinguishable signifier and signified. He describes the genre paradigm of these books, palpable in their common features regarding the choice and ordering of postcards and in the ways their editors formulate their comments to individual reproductions. He argues that in cases of old postcards with German-language inscriptions, which are dominant in this region, the genre paradigm of these books makes it impossible that account be fully taken of the distinctive, unique features captured in these postcards (and thus an important layer of their meaning). Finally, the author calls for an alternative model of interpretation that could be applied to these sources and that would produce historical knowledge of a different nature.

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Žánr biografie a proměna chápání dějinnosti

Author(s): Václav Sixta / Language(s): Czech Issue: 02/2018

This contribution investigates the relation between biography as a genre and changes in the understanding of historicity which took place in Late Modernism. The author introduces various theoretical inspirations based on the texts of Gilles Deleuze and Françoise Hartog, which could help us grasp the shift in approaching the category of time in Late Modernism. These inspirations are then applied to various forms of biography in current culture of remembrance. Materials the author analyses include for instance biographic series of various publishers, a collection of biographies of Václav Havel, campaign of the Kefírer brand, or project Opráski Sčeskí Historje. These materials are studied from the perspective of their relation to the past which they can help create. The author asks whether these sources deal with national history oriented towards future or with nostalgic recollections devoid of substantive social content. In conclusion, the author proposes a typology of relations to the past as mediated by biographies and offers an explanation of success of this genre within the current culture of remembrance.

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Civilizační teorie Bedřicha Loewensteina

Author(s): Jan Calta / Language(s): Czech Issue: 02/2016

Research on the foundations and the spirit of modern Western civilisation and civic society is one of the main fields of interest of the Czech philosopher and historian Bedřich Loewenstein. In his studies Loewenstein defends European liberal and rationalist, enlightened traditions. Inspired by Norbert Elias’s notion of civilisation process, he views civilisation as a sublimation of instinctive human life, a state in which a normative, supra-group element comes to dominate the inner nature of individuals. He sees civilisation as a precondition of progress, since in the form of ‘presence of the non-present’, it preserves and maintains historically older elements and formations in the present life. It is also a game (cf. Huizinga’s notion of Homo ludens), which requires some generally respected rules and a plurality of game partners and situations. He emphasises its dialogical nature, which – while taking into account the relativity of its own perspective – does not seek to overturn diverging positions regarding values and interests, but engages them in communication and tries to stimulate self-reflection. Loewenstein investigates the process of civilisation shortcuts which aid the transmission of past experiences through norms and knowledge, and pays attention to the process of rationalisation. And finally, Loewenstein views civilisation as a constantly re-established balance between the particular areas of life. Civilisation is thus not a given, immutable state, but an evolving, dynamic process.

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HOW COMMUNICATION PATTERNS IN DENTAL PRACTICE HAVE BEEN RE-SHAPED IN THE AFTERMATH OF THE PANDEMIC

Author(s): Laura Ioana Leon / Language(s): English Issue: 32/2023

The importance of doctor-patient communication has been well established in healthcare settings. However, the COVID-19 pandemic might have brought some new challenges to the doctor-patient communication and relationship by and large. Besides the fact that, at least for a while, in the beginning of the pandemic, the communication process took place mostly in the online medium, the whole new context has added new challenges to the doctor-patient interaction. Patients have become more anxious and nervous before a consultation and therefore the whole communication process had to be reshaped. This paper is going to address some of the major issues that have been brought by the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in terms of developing the doctor-patient communication and the actual building of the relationship. The level of patients’ anxiety has increased and the doctors’ communication skills had to be rethought in order to respond to the patients’ present-day needs. This mainly has in view trying to find ways to reduce patients’ anxiety, the tendency to transfer the communication process in the online medium, and overcoming all the barriers that might affect the doctor-patient dialogue in the long run.

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THE RELEVANCE OF THE HUMAN RIGHTS-BASED APPROACH IN SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE AND RESEARCH

Author(s): Anastasia Oceretnîi,Stela Milicenco / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 32/2023

The integration of the human rights-based approach is one of the actions that are carried out both in the professional training of social workers, as well as research and practice in the field of social work. The intervention of social workers from the perspective of human rights involves a series of advantages at the individual and societal levels. The article analyzes the issues investigated at the international level that reflect the concern about the relationship between social work and human rights. Some aspects of integration of new approach in professional training of social worker in the Republic of Moldova are presented in the article.

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EXILE IN PRE-PANDEMIC AND PANDEMIC TIMES

Author(s): Alice Popescu / Language(s): English Issue: 32/2023

The present article tries to investigate the concept of “exile” throughout modernity, late modernity, and during the Covid - 19 pandemic in 2020. Both literary and sociological perspectives are considered, a special attention being given to the works of Edward Said, Alexis Nouss, Marc Augé, and Zygmunt Baumann. In the second part, the study aims to briefly identify the possible new meanings of “exile” that the coronavirus lockdown brought into our lives, with reference to “Jurnalul pandemiei” (“Plague Diary”), published by the well-known Portuguese writer Gonçalo M. Tavares in 2022.

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EXPERIMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF ADMINISTRATIVE DATA TO BE USED FOR THE PURPOSE OF PRODUCING DEMOGRAPHIC STATISTICS AND ORGANIZING THE POPULATION AND HOUSING CENSUS IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA

Author(s): Natalia Bargan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 32/2023

The evaluation of administrative data is an important step in the process of harnessing the potential of data from administrative sources to be used for statistical purposes. Based on the international experience and good practices of the National Statistical Offices, which already use administrative data in statistical production, it has been found that they can have a variety of uses, including direct variable substitution, the addition of auxiliary variables to obtain more detailed information than the provided in statistical surveys to be collected from respondents, validation of estimates obtained from surveys and as components used in the statistical production process (e.g. imputation either directly to obtain a value when the respondent does not provide one, or as an input to models used to impute missing values and weighting), to improve the final results. In 2024, the Republic of Moldova intends to carry out the Population and Housing Census of the 2020 Round, and according to the methodology, it will be a statistical exercise according to the combined model, by using data from administrative sources and collecting data in the field. In this context, the evaluation of the data from the existing administrative sources in the country, which possibly meet the statistical needs of the RPL, are an imperative of the time.

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THE ETHICAL UMBRELLA IN THE DIGITAL AGE

Author(s): Anca Delia Dabija / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 32/2023

The digital era sends to an age in which people send and have access to information (real or fake) without restrictions, data which may be real, fake or probable which, in turn, do not challenge conscience. The idea is related to the concept of ,,digital revolution”, which shows the fact that the next step after the industrial revolution consists of changing into an economy based on sending, processing and saving information. Each and every moment we are becoming more dependent on technology. Unimaginable matters a few decades ago have become ordinary aspects of our lives now. The pace with which technology advances is staggering. In this new world, in which human beings lose then selves more and more in virtual realities, in the world of the Internet, it seems that the evolution of our own species in the natural patterns is being questioned. What is our place in this digital era? Can artificial intelligence replace human expertise? Are our choices suitable based on A.I.? Does technology have to be used until human values take over? There are a series of questions which people will try to answer to bearing in mind the ethical insertions applied to moral philosophy, but also to empiric core. Beside numerous beneficial effects, nobody can deny, the ,,digital revolution” determines drastic changes, including negative ones in human lives standards. That is why, people need healthy standards, robust ones that can be provided by an ethical foundation of education and self-education, regardless of the age of the subject/subjects, because the increasing digital phenomenon on life affects each of us, the whole social organism.

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EFFECTS OF MIXED MARRIAGES ‒ INTEGRATION OR LOSS OF IDENTITY?

Author(s): Cristina Mohanu (Pretorian) / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 32/2023

Intermarriage among Roma is a delicate and complex issue that requires a careful and detailed analysis of the various cultural, social and psychological aspects involved. The Roma are a diverse and heterogeneous community with a wide variety of traditions, customs and beliefs. However, in general, the Roma are a conservative community, preserving their ancient values and traditions. As for mixed marriages, they are viewed with suspicion and hostility by many Roma, who believe that they can lead to the loss of cultural identity and the division of the community. In this context, it is important to emphasize that these mixed marriages are not an exclusively Roma problem, but a global reality, affecting all communities and cultures. However, for the Roma, this issue can be all the more sensitive, as their cultural identity is so strongly linked to their ancestral traditions and customs.

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THE TV PEASANT, THE NEW FASHION PEASANT AND THE INFORMATIVE PEASANT

Author(s): Andreea Heisu (Bucică) / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 32/2023

It is certainly a challenge to identify the social types involved in the cultural transmission process, that is why I "lean" upon "the profile" of the transmitters, upon the ones who carry on the cultural transmission elements, respectively: 1. The ones who simply live in a so-called "traditional" community and they are traditional by doing it. 2. The ones who cultivate the tradition emphatically and consciously, and who undertake this role consciously, taking it seriously in their capacity as culture transmitters. By identifying and analyzing the social types involved in the cultural transmission process, it is easy to explain the syncopes, the rupture moments in the perpetuation of cultural schemes. They can be better analyzed when they are put into practice. Social types are updated in certain social contexts and then become visible and analyzable. They do not always exist, they are updated with more authority in their circumstantial identity, when the context requires it, so they will also generate situational typologies.

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KU REKONSTRUKCJI DAWNYCH SMAKÓW I GUSTÓW KULINARNYCH

Author(s): Andrzej Klonder / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2022

Review of: „Zbiór dla kuchmistrza tak potraw jako ciast robienia wypisany 1757 roku dnia 24 lipca“, oprac. J. Dumanowski, S. Bułatowa, Muzeum Pałacu Króla Jana III w Wilanowie, Warszawa 2021.

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ŻYJEMY W DWÓCH ŚWIATACH” SAMOTNOŚĆ JAKO TRWAŁA CECHA ŻYCIA W KULTURZE UBÓSTWA

Author(s): Monika Oliwa-Ciesielska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2022

The article addresses problems related to loneliness considered as a permanent factor in the life in a culture of poverty. As such, loneliness is perpetuated across generations and reproduced. The author discusses the results of her research on Oscar Lewis’s works and refers to several volumes of Pamiętniki bezrobotnych [“The Memoirs of the Unemployed”] published in Poland in the 1930s and the 2000s. The aim of the paper is to show how the poor identify and experience their loneliness caused by social exclusion, the family (in the case of a child), and by the self-image they create throughout their interactions with other individuals. Research into the lives of representatives of the culture of poverty in Poland shows that their loneliness is a consequence of the experience of social exclusion. The author interprets loneliness and aloneness as a negative condition which may be destructive and which the poor consider as unchangeable. A sociological analysis of the narratives written by the poor indicates that loneliness can be identifi ed in every sphere of their lives. Such loneliness has lasting psychological effects, while, at the same time, developing into a protection against revealing defi ciencies the poor might disclose in their relations with others.

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OD WIDZA DO UCZESTNIKA ROLA MITU W KSZTAŁTOWANIU POSTAW OBYWATELSKICH

Author(s): Anna Ceglarska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2022

The aim of the article is to reinterpret the concept of seeing, or observing, and connect it to the need for acting. Such an approach makes the presented idea of seeing similar to its ancient Greek understanding, which emphasized the practical aspect of seeing. This pragmatic approach may be best explicated by analyzing the role of myths, as well as their interpretations and representation in the Greek tragedy. The examples discussed in the article refer to images of both the future (soothsayers’ prophecies) and the past (heroes’ deeds). In both cases, however, it is the relationship between the images and the present moment, when listeners, spectators or readers become acquainted with the myth, that is the most important. The author argues that seeing is more than mere looking, as the former requires spectators’ commitment, both intellectual and emotional, which may be translated into actions. Visualizing the content of a song or watching a theatrical performance not only makes it possible to experience a catharsis, but also teaches the audience to reason, judge, identify cause-and-effect relationships, and, consequently, develop human relationships and act appropriately. Observation is by no means to result in a rejection of reality or in a focus on the future, the past, or pursuit of the timeless Truth. On the contrary, the role of observation is to prompt refl ection and action “here and now,” of which the subject is capable owing to a grasp of the ways of the world, its values, the consequences triggered by particular actions, and the skill to appraise them.

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NIEWIDOCZNA KULTURA O ZNACZENIU I WARTOŚCI PODEJŚCIA KULTUROWEGO W PSYCHIATRII

Author(s): Magdalena Szpunar / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2022

Among the main problems faced by psychiatry is the tendency to reduce patients to their biology by disregarding the cultural and social contexts in which they function. The followers of anti-psychiatry movement point out that mental dysfunctions are rooted in the existential context of an individual rather than in the structure of the human organism. Such an approach to pathogenic mechanisms makes it possible to reduce the authoritarian attitude inherent in the role played by the psychiatrist. Comprehensive care for the mentally ill requires, above all, an in-depth understanding of the patients’ sociological and psychological context as well as respect for their dignity, regardless of their mental health problems. Their experience of the pathological condition also needs consideration. Important achievements of anti-psychiatry include a revision of the categories of health and disease, a recognition of the vague character of such a classifi cation, combined with the understanding of health and disease as conditions in-between the physical and the mental, a rejection of biological reductionism, and a change in the perception of mental disorders and in the approach to medication as the dominant treatment method.

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NIEBEZPIECZEŃSTWA ZAPOŻYCZEŃ DALEKOWSCHODNICH W KULTURZE MASOWEJ ZACHODU

Author(s): Andrzej Korczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2022

The author claims that the contemporary crisis of the humanities, which, in his view, is rooted in a reductionist vision of the world, has generated in the West a widespread interest in Eastern mysticism. He also points to the fact that Far Eastern infl uences are transformed so as to appeal to a Western mass audience and, as a shallow pseudo-mysticism, exert a harmful effect on mental health.

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CZYŻBY JEDNAK ZROZUMIENIE KONIECZNOŚCI...?

Author(s): Dorota Chabrajska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2022

A reader who was given an education in the period of the so-called Poland Ludowa, must have come across at some stage of his education an astonishing definition of freedom, described as Marxist, stating that freedom is nothing else like understanding necessity. The definition stressed above all necessity historical: a transformation of economic and social reality determined by the objective course of history, the principles of which were thoroughly captured in a materialistic dialectical concept of historical materialism, thus conceiving the modus the operandi of the mechanism that allows humanity to climb the ladder development towards an ideal system.

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THE IMPACT OF COGNITIVE SCHEMES ON THE WELL-BEING OF THE ELDERLY

Author(s): Angela POTÂNG,Monica Andreea Popescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 33/2023

Psychological well-being and cognitive schemas are two interconnected concepts in the field of psychology. Cognitive schemas are mental structures or thought patterns being developed in order to organize and interpret information from the environment. These cognitive schemas are essential for processing information, making decisions, and understanding the world. Positive self-reflection and awareness of our thinking can contribute to improve well-being. By identifying and replacing negative or dysfunctional thoughts with healthier and more realistic thoughts, individuals can improve their attitude and overall well-being. Cognitive schemas play a significant role in the way people think, feel, and behave, and how they relate to these cognitive schemas can influence their psychological well-being. Awareness and improvement of dysfunctional cognitive schemas can be an important aspect of well-being and mental health.

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Negative Impact of Stardom on Child Artists in the Entertainment Sector

Author(s): SHARVIN VATS,AMIT YADAV / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The last decades of the 20th century saw a dramatic expansion of economic liberalisation in Indian film and television industry. The stellar rise of the business has enticed the youth to engage and utilise this platform to exhibit their creative ability. The rise of young artists appearing on reality television and in feature films has sparked a variety of concerns. The article aims at discussing issue of the negative impacts of stardom on child performers in the entertainment industry, focusing specifically on the violation of their fundamental and other rights because of the nature of the employment in the film and television industry.

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