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For the rural population in Sweden, fishing in lakes and rivers was of great importance until recently. Many fish species served as food or animal fodder, or were used to make glue and other useful products. But the receding of lakes in the nineteenth century, and the expansion of hydro-power and worsening of water pollution in the twentieth, contributed to the decline of inland fisheries. At the same time, marine-fish became more competitive on the Swedish food market. In some regions, however, certain freshwater species continued to be caught for household consumption well into the twentieth century. One such species was the smelt (Osmerus eperlanus), which fifty years ago was still of economic importance. Nowadays, however, smelt is only caught in very low volumes; its role is therefore insignificant. In neighboring countries, however – such as Estonia, Lithuania, and Russia – it is still being exploited commercially. In Germany, where water quality has improved in rivers and restaurants have shown increasing interest in smelt, a successful revival for the fish as a regional and seasonal food can be seen. Smelt fishing has dimensions which are not only culinary, but social and cultural as well. Traditional ways of food preparation can be transformed into modern haute cuisine. Smelt fishing has the potential to develop commercially in Sweden also.
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Throughout the existence of humans people were acquiring and evaluating findings about their life space and they were creating knowledge from their findings, which was important in their daily lives and also in their life perspective. One of the sources of this ecological knowledge is ethnographic records. These sources give us an opportunity to get to know often forgotten knowledge about the wild growing plant species, which people used to normally eat. It documents the empirical material, acquired during ground exploration in different regions in Slovakia, which represents these plants and processes of their use in traditional culinary culture of Slovakia. These plants are known as super-foods, which can be as the opposite of modified food, which has almost lost its biologically active substances and is characteristic for the life in globalized community nowadays.
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The paper deals with issues with regard to the legal culture and upbringing as a precondition for the legal regulation effectiveness in modern democratic states. These issues are interpreted as part of the culture of the society which englobes knowledge, beliefs, customs, laws and various other abilities, which human beings get to, know in the process of their socialization. The philosophic and sociological understanding of culture is being considered as a system of complex and multi-layer structure, formed historically. Legal culture as part of the general culture of the society is related to the use of legal values, which may motivate people towards a positive social behavior without external intervention or compulsion.
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The academies, as the highest scientific institutions, have a progressive role in the development of the society of future. The mission of the academies is going to be realized by the raising dignity of the science, elimination of general negative phenomena, activa tion of scientific and research potentials at individual, group and institutional level. That will prove the science as a strong energy, and the academies as a most important institutions of science and art. But, the academies themselves don’t have concrete power (finances, economy, political power, military forces, police forces etc.) that is used to impose the will of stronger. The problem on the way to better future and healthier society is a power world that gives no possibilities and other models than American globalism and European unionism. The small countries and nations are faced to the problem of being incorporated in such models. Even so, we could see the glimmer of hope in accession to the European Union. It remains to us, as a generation which history gave the role to find the way for better and healthier society, better future, to keep working on, counting on constellation of Academy’s members, distinguished persons and scientist as academician Milorad Ekmečić was.
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The article aims to examine the dynamics of the spatial distribution of cultural workers at various spatial scales in Slovenia. The dispersion of cultural workers is studied using a quantitative analysis of their place of residence and work. The results show the level of cultural agglomeration at the regional scale corresponds proportionally to the level of regional development, while there is greater concentration at the local level in more urban settlements. Surprisingly, there has been a spatial expansion and dispersion of cultural workers in recent years. In addition to the economy and real-estate prices, reasons for this may include the income inequality of cultural workers, the non-urban character of the Slovenian way of life and the specific spatial structure with good accessibility and mostly smaller settlement types.
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The articles explores the relationships between position of culture in everyday life of young people, their media consumption and civic engagement, by focusing on the role of digital media. Among others, the study shows the limitations of universal understanding of the youth. Based on the results of a quantitative online survey among 793 young people in Ljubljana, this study identifies distinctive types of youth cultural involvement: the biggest group is apolitical and from the cultural events excluded youth, while the socially and politically most engaged youth seem to be the so called »cultural creators«.
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The article analyses how members of the Italian and Hungarian minorities in Slovenia view multiculturalism and its manifestations such as ethnic heterogamy, transcultural identities, ethnic in/tolerance and ethnic prejudices. The minority status (and bordering position) are in this regard perceived as a platform for attitudes to multiculturalism and a key explanatory factor. The article highlights the presence of the transcultural nature of the minorities and their positive attitudes to multiculturalism, yet also emphasises that the related ethnic sentiment is highly variable, relational and situational. Although one would expect the minorities to more strongly defend the positive effects of multiculturalism, this is not the case. The reason is the confrontation of two ideologies, nationalism and transculturalism, the former interfering in the otherwise transculturally oriented minorities.
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This study was conducted to measure the effect of Hofstede cultural theory on the perception of gender related problems of female entrepreneurs. In the study, the effect of cultural dimensions on the perception of gender-related problems of women entrepreneurs was tried to be measured on the basis of sub-dimensions with the “Structural equation model ın and the effect was observed. The universe of the study consists of TRB1 Region and TRC1 Region, which are determined as one of the 26 level 2 regions under the Statistical Region Units Classification (NUTS). As a result of the study, it was seen that the two sub-dimensions of Hofstede's cultural theory had no effect on the perception level of female entrepreneurs, while the other two sub-dimensions had a negative effect on the perception of difficulties.
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The immigrant flux and the enforced immigration arisen from different the different reasons and within the different periods led to the creation of the diaspora in host countries. Especially international migrations deteriorated the social integration on the one hand, these migration waves were threatened the sovereignty of the nation-state. The multiculturalism defined as the practice of the different cultures for living together without losing their differences was prevented by the hatred of the masses towards the migrants with different reasons. In this context, this study aims to illuminate the reasons and kinds of the immigration, the constitution of the diaspora and the discussions about the multicultural practices with sociopolitical analysis.
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Universities, faculties, vocational colleges, departments and faculties of the university make contributions to the students' business and social life in various fields with negative or positive meaning and also have an important place in their lives in this context. In this study, firstly basic information about university culture will be given and then the questionnaire study applied to students who are studying at Atca Vocational School in Adnan Menderes University will be resolved. Thus, the cultural perceptions of students about university education and the school they are studying will be examined. The study group of the study forms the students who are trained at Atça Vocational School. As a result of the research; It was observed that there was no significant difference between the sections in the Vocational High School.
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The phenomenon of eating and drinking is a necessity for people to continue their lives. The process of eating has been going on since the human history. Obligation in the nutrition process led to the development of some food-related rules. In time, these rules combined with the structure and values of society, created the culinary culture of those societies. The historical and cultural richness of Anatolia has been the focus of interest for tourists traveling for tourism purposes. Visitors to a region want to experience local culinary experiences. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which local foods are used in food and beverage menus of food and beverage services in the region of Iğdır. Research data were obtained from structured survey questions directed to business managers. As a result of the research, the opinions of business managers about local foods were given. In addition, local dishes were identified in Iğdır Province.
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Despite the growing popularity of fantasy studies, little has been said about the role of material objects in fantasy narratives. Objects with unusual powers are crucial to fantasy fiction. These artifacts advance stories, empower characters, and determine relationships. Most importantly, I argue, artifacts contribute to the construction of heroic identities. In this paper, I focus on two modern reinterpretations of two classic models of heroism: one that is deeply rooted in the Greco-Roman tradition, and one that arises from Romanticism. My aim is to show that the reinvented Romantic framework is more likely to inspire students to critically examine the representation of heroism in popular culture.
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The paper presents the main fields of the scientific research of the Russian language department of the Heilongjiang Institute of Foreign Languages that are aimed to enhance the quality of studying Russian language. That activity bases on the principles of intercultural communication.
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Genre production is often easily localised in various cultures, but localisations of science fiction seem particularly interesting, due to the technological sources of the genre imagery and typical narrative structures. Localisation to a less technologically-oriented society, such as post-yugoslav Croatia and Serbia, are a very good example, since in such films as The Show Must Go On (by Nevio Marasovic) and Technotise - Edit & I (by Aleksa Gajic and Nebojsa Andric) allegorical science fiction deals directly with local problems and narrations, such as Croatia’s obsession with modernisation and West- ern-European identity (in Marasovic’s film) and Serbia’s traumatic relation with Slobodan Milosevic’s regime and national pride (in Gajic’s and Andric’s animated feature film). The experimental concept of Unknown Energies, Unidentified Feelings (by Dalibor Baric and Tomislav Babic) provides another model of dealing with genre structures in a local context, since it directly develops the early-1970s model of connecting experimental cinema with the technological obsessions of the era (important for entire Yugoslavia through the GEFF festival) into a contemporary experimental animated dystopia.
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The paper presents an interview with Krzysztof Zanussi (born 17 June 1939), one of the most renowned award-winning Polish film directors. Some of his numerous films for television and cinema have been made in co-operation with German producers, including Manfred Durniok. His film Roads in the Night (Wege in der Nacht, 1979) was presented in 1980 in Cannes as part of the section “Un certain regard”. In Germany, Zanussi filmed not only some of his own screenplays, such as Imperative (Imperativ, 1982 – Special Jury Prize at the Venice International Film Festival in 1982), but also adaptations of Polish and German literature, for example House of Women (Haus der Frauen, 1977) based on a play by Zofia Nałkowska and Bluebeard (Blaubart, 1983) based on a novel by Max Frisch. In addition to those productions, he concurrently made films in Poland. Director of the TOR Film Studio since 1979. He produced films by such directors as Krzysztof Kieślowski and Agnieszka Holland. He currently works on a feature film entitled Ether.
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Krzysztof Zanussi’s Struktura kryształu [The Structure of Crystals] is a film not only semiotically but also mythologically rich, in the context of myths as understood and proposed by Roland Barthes. The article explores the binary nature of the film’s symbolic layer, built upon the two distinct life realities: the metropolitan vs the rural, the prestige of an academic career vs the simplicity of a family life that the main characters chose for themselves.
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This article is devoted to the third part of Barbara Hammer’s documentary trilogy, History Lessons. The author analyzes and interprets the form and message of this post-queer essay, with the aim of describing its formula in relation to the mockumentary and found-footage film conventions. She goes back to the pioneer of found footage in the history of world cinema, Esfir Shub, and the position of women in production culture. She refers to Hammer’s debut film, Dyketactics (1974), to describe Hammer’s artistic and political tactic, consisting of intercepting images of women, rooted in visual history, and the subversive quotation of these images against the idea and context of the original. Dyketactics in History Lessons is about quoting archival materials from the genres of documentary, popular science and pornography with the aim of writing the history of the lives of lesbians in the US from the period before the Stonewall riots, where there is very little coverage of the story. The falsifying of archival materials through the editing manipulation of imagery and sound paradoxically uncovers not so much the truth about the lives of lesbians, as what seems to be hidden in images created with a completely different aim than telling the herstory of American women of various orientations and races.
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