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Berichte vom verheerenden Waldsterben in den böhmischen Wäldern tauchten in letzter Zeit häufiger in unseren Medien auf. Die Wirklichkeit ist zum Teil noch schlimmer, als die Bilder, die wir dabei zu sehen bekamen. Ein Geheimbericht der Tschechoslowakischen Akademie der Wissenschaften enthüllt Einzelheiten.
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Małgorzata Figura’s article is an attempt to capture the social roles of children when faced with the threat of the impending climate catastrophe. The introduction aims to draw attention to the need to give the floor to young people who can alert the public to changes taking place in the world. This necessity is stressed by researchers who represent children’s studies and who emphasize the importance of children’s perspective in literature and in scientific and social discourses. Figura’s analysis of selected literary texts allows us to see this turn towards the child, which at the same time is also the child’s turn towards nature.
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Zuzana Obertová presents the term climate fiction and points out its relationship to science fiction. She draws attention to the problem of reducing the idea of climate fiction to a type of genre literature. She gives examples of climate fiction by Polish and Slovak authors and presents ecocriticism as a research method for climate fiction as well as climate change literature in a broad sense. She sums up the state of ecocriticism in Poland and Slovakia.
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This article describes some attempts at answering the challenges of the present in connection with the commonly perceived climate changes, unfavourable for the Earth’s environment, and the need to shape attitudes of responsibility for the quality of the common good. The author presents the possibilities of introducing various pro-ecological content in the academic programme of prospective Polish language teachers. First, she briefly discusses the theoretical bases of ecocriticism, then indicate some possible interpretations of selected literary texts during high-school classes, and present social projects aimed at promoting a change hitherto people’s lifestyles.
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The paper discusses the possible reading of Bruno Schulz’s story called “Sierpień” [August] at school in the context of Leszek Onak’s e-text entitled “Cierniste diody” [Thorny diodes]. The author of the article suggests a need to introduce the latest literature to Polish language lessons. She shows the ways of taming the difficult text of Bruno Schulz and e-literature. The main idea of this interpretation is based on showing the difference visible when the two worlds presented in both narratives are juxtaposed (the garden, the character of Tłuja). In this way, it presents a relation between these two ways of telling about a man and his surroundings and also shows the relationship between man and nature.
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This article presents the potential for using the elements of ecocriticism and climate education in Polish language classes at primary schools. Using materials from the textbook and original ideas, the author presents practical didactic solutions, which make it possible to build environmental awareness among students. The literature and language lessons, together with the ecological project discussed in the article, focus on the reconstructing cross-curricular dialogue in school practice. The digital tools proposed by the author are in line with the eco-trend, which is more and more visible in education nowadays.
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The paper discusses film education issues in the context of educating on climate. The authors focus on tracing the presence of the concepts of environmental humanities and ecocriticism in educational materials by selecting two lesson projects related to films. In the first part of the paper, the authors give a broader perspective on the theoretical context; in the second and the third part, respectively, they comment on the lesson projects concerning Aga (the New Horizons of Film Education program) and The Biggest Little Farm (distributor’s proposition published on www.edukacjafilmowa.pl).
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The paper presents the necessity of implementing ecolinguistic topics into L1 teaching. It takes Instagram posts of Czech, Polish and Slovak influencers as an example and shows that manipulation techniques overreach the boundaries of countries and languages. If we accept the thesis that manipulation is dominantly a non-ecological phenomenon, which threatens the life of wider ecosystems, the reaction of school is inevitable, especially because children and youth form a highly vulnerable group.
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The article is aimed at providing the theoretical background for the foreign language (ESL) environmental education, which is sought in the early manifestations of the environmental movement, as well as presenting the main assumptions of ecological criticism as a benchmark for the educational practice whose major objective is to instil environmental awareness in students at the time of the climate crisis. The second part of the paper includes an analysis of environmental contents in Polish schoolbooks used in the ESL classroom at intermediate and advanced levels. The authors’ decisions regarding the presentation of ecological topics and climate change issues are then investigated in terms of its compliance with ecocritical claims and its support of activist and emancipatory attitudes. The analysis seeks to indicate the best methods and ways of pursuing critical environmental pedagogy which would be able to rise to the challenges of the Anthropocene.
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Ewa Półtorak’s aim in this article is to reflect on how to incorporate elements of ecological education into the foreign-language teaching / learning process, as implemented in the third level of the Polish education system. Półtorak focuses on methods used to develop communicative language competences at school, especially on the example of teaching / learning French as a second / subsequent foreign language.
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In her article, Anita Račáková analyses how the Slovak State Educational Program for the 2nd level of primary schools incorporates topics related to climate, or, more precisely, to issues of the environment and its protection. Račáková enquires whether these topical issues have been addressed in the Program, in which educational areas and subjects they are handled, and in what form and to what extent. Her analysis shows that ecological and climatic topics have a dual status in programs for the 2nd level of primary schools. They are part of compulsory extracurricular education in the areas of Man and Nature, Man and Society, and the optional cross-sectional subject Ecological Education. These topics are also incorporated into the educational areas of Man and Values, Language and Communication, where they are used as a tool for developing the personality of students.
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The main objective of the article is to investigate the usefulness of the notion of Capitalocene proposed by Jason W. Moore in the interpretation of Alejandro Cuevas’s most recent novel: Mi corazón visto desde el espacio (2019). The work of Cuevas, a writer from Valladolid with much experience in challenging various social problems of 21st century Spain, indeed gains a much more nuanced interpretative dimension, as it reveals the scope of the author’s critique of contemporaneity that encompasses a whole range of issues that go beyond the boundaries of the Anthropocene and require a bolder and more contemporary frame of reading. Thus, Cuevas’s fifth novel can be read as a “capitalocenic novel” as it turns out to be a quasi-manifesto of the weaknesses of the self in today’s System.
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The article discusses regulations concerning the crimes of killing and abusing animals in the Polish legal system. The provisions of the Regulation of the President of the Republic of Poland of March 22, 1928 and the Act on the Protection of Animals of August 21, 1997 are analyzed. The following topics are discussed: the history of the provisions on crimes against animals, the subject of protection of the provisions of the Act on the Protection of Animals, along with considerations regarding the subjectivity of animals. The subject-matter of crimes that fall within this category is also considered, i.e., a description of the premises which make it possible to classify a given act as a crime. The subject of prohibited acts as well as the subjective side in the form of the perpetrator’s motivation are analyzed as well.
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The text is a review of Aleksandra Ubertowska’s book, Historie biotyczne. Pomiędzy estetyką a geotraumą [Biotic histories. Between aesthetics and geotrauma]. The starting point becomes the biocentric lens applied by the researcher and the geo-story behind it. Equally interesting and important are the possibilities of ecocritical theories in interpretation and their application in the Polish ground.
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The article presents an analysis of the relation between the scale of Polish government investments into renewable energy sources and the price of EUA Futures contracts and funds obtained by Poland from their sale in the years 2013–2020. The goal of the analysis was to check if there is any relationship between the funds obtained from the sale of EUA contracts and Polish government investments in renewable sources of energy. The theoretical section contains a partial research of sources, whereas the analytical part uses the comparative, descriptive and graphic methods, as well as Pearson correlation coefficient. The results of the study indicate a lack of relationship between the EUA prices and Polish government investments in renewable energy sources in 2013-2020. The study shows that, at that time, about 75% of investments expenditure for renewable energy sources in Poland came from private institutions and business entities and only 7% of the financial outlays came from state-owned energy companies.
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The paper provides a critical analysis of some aspects of environmental ethics in view of corporate business plans to profit from the transformation of the economy into a “green” one. It is well founded that the propaganda of environmental panic is increasingly becoming an ideology that enables large businesses to violate people’s rights and to crush poor countries. A veritable network of officials committed to this ideology is being developed in global organizations that will implement this plan. The ethical imperative today is not to submit to an ideology, unsubstantiated by scientific methods, but to protect the freedom and the right of poor countries to have their own economic development.
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The focus of the study is directed to the analysis of existing deficits in some of the plans for integrated development of the municipalities in the Republic of Bulgaria, having a direct relation to the development of a sustainable agricultural sector. On the basis of the identified weaknesses/gaps, specific proposals have been prepared to valorise the potential of this sector. Unpopular, "soft measures" aimed at realizing fruitful cooperation between interested parties have been proposed. Cooperating efforts of farmers, public authorities and civil society are the basis of this targeted cooperation.
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Continuous exploitation of natural resources within the national borders of a country, especially those intended for energy production (oil, gas, coal), inevitably raises a number of issues in the context of maintaining political, economic and social stability. Observed through the paradigm of the theoretical assumptions of political ecology, the benefits that are realized by the processing and distribution of natural resources are mostly connected with the efficiency of the entire state and social system and thus with security at the internal and external level. Therefore, the goal of this paper is a descriptive analysis of the role of natural resources in disrupting the relationship between Venezuela and Guyana, i.e. territorial dispute over the Essequibo region that has the potential to threaten regional security. Due to the complexity of the study of the historical process of "maturing" of these states and the achievement of mutually acceptable territorial delimitation on land and sea, the paper uses the technique of content analysis, historical-comparative analysis and the technique of narrative analysis. Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that the current political and security tensions surrounding the solution of the future status of the Essequibo region, which is rich in natural resources, do not have the capacity to develop into more serious conflicts. The state of Venezuela's national security has not been satisfactory for many years, including partial foreign policy isolation, while on the other hand, leading Western countries (USA, Great Britain) provide significant support to the territorial integrity of Guyana as well as neighboring countries, which reduces the potential for endangering regional security.
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COVID-19 represents a new era, a time of crisis, and a time of transitions. One of the biggest impacts of the pandemic globally on both individuals and groups has been the transformation of our perception of time. How we perceive time and how time permeates through every aspect of our lived realities during COVID-19, inevitably has brought great changes to research methodologies and approaches used as part of the entirety of the research process: from funding applications, research design, and implementations to collaborations, dissemination, and impact activities beyond project conclusion. The research presented shares key findings and insights from the PRAXIS Project: COVID-19 Strand. A project that examined in depth, via surveys and interviews, Arts and Humanities (A&H) research during COVID-19, with a focus on the pandemic impacts on research practices experienced by academics from the cohort of more than 300 projects funded through the Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) and Newton Fund. The impact of COVID-19 on research methodologies, scientific challenges as well as new found opportunities and innovations will be presented through the prism of time. Time will be discussed in terms of the speed of time, content of time, importance of time, lost time, found time, and changes in time, and what all those iterations of time can tell us about the transformation of the research process during the pandemic, but also beyond. The discussion presented aims to show the lessons learned, challenge some of the existing scales of values, design desirables, and varied outputs, while also considering the changes to research as a whole and how to look forward during these unprecedented times.
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A special legal regime expands the proportion of energy derived from renewable sources, regulating the extraction and use of hydro-geothermal resources for energy production from geothermal sources. Several acts introduce this frame so far (the Renewable Energy Sources Act, the Underground Resources Act, the Water Act). However, their effectiveness is still debatable due to the different concepts they imply. Focusing on this, the article examines the contradictions, different terminology, and questions some legislative decisions.
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