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Możliwości życiowe osób będących w konflikcie z prawem

Author(s): Anna Kieszkowska-Grudny / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

In a situation when a person does not have the suitable skills to cope with the life’s requirements, there is a high probability to experience many difficulties and mental disorders that can lead to exclusion from the environment. Many previous studies have shown that people who believe in their personal possibilities to affect their life situation, solve their problems more rationally. Individuals with an internal location of control are able to better use the means to reduce the stress and they looking for information regarding problems and ways to solve them. A preoccupation of the individual with certain aims and tasks leads to the more adaptive action which is targeted to solve the problem. Thus, the individual gains the confidence in the ability to change their fate. They have the possibility to solve the problem in a proper way. The individual can learn from own experiences, learn from failures and cope better with the negative effects of stress. In contrast, helping people in need or weak people determines the culture and maturity of the individual, society and nations in the process of inclusion. Respect and acceptance expressed by the environment, sense of security, self-esteem and self-acceptance bring out the subjective sense of value added in their own lives and shape the good relations of both parties involved in the exchange of the support.

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Faţete ale rezilienţei din perspectiva ştiinţelor sociale

Author(s): Mihaela Tomiță,Roxana Ungureanu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2023

The development or identification of the most efficient models of knowledge, as well as the study of the modes of engagement of the social structures involved in the execution of the act of justice, calls for the establishment of integrative, modular and evolutionary models. These are based both on interdisciplinary knowledge and on changing some mentalities and stimulating innovative and creative ideas. The space of justice in general and the criminal justice in particular, has known a continuous transformation. Criminal justice as a basic pylon in the legal system, uses a series of concepts such as resocialization, reintegration and last but not least, psychological and social rehabilitation of offenders which benefits from a series of transformations due to recognized developments in the field of social and human sciences. Regarding from a legal and social perspective, resilience acquires new approaches and a significant theorization, it being able to include a series of processes and strategies that lead not only to a more efficient restoration of damaged social relationships, but also to an increased capacity of justice with a preventive and recuperative role. Compared to this conceptual construction, we can appreciate that legal resilience connects the classic and traditional axis of justice with the latest developments in the social sciences. Legal resilience thus represents not only a concept, but also an evolving process, respectively a social healing strategy with an integrative approach for all its protagonists. It starts from the premise that not only the victims have suffered as a result of the crime committed, but also the offender himself and the community as a whole. This new approach uses the criminal justice system as a vehicle for resilience.

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Publikacje z zakresu kryminologii w 2022 r.

Author(s): Paweł Ostaszewski / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 29/2022

Review of: Jan Widacki, Wojciech Dadak, Magdalena Grzyb, Anna Szuba-Boroń, Kryminologia. Zarys systemu, C.H. Beck, Warszawa 2022, 448 s. Maria Niełaczna, Joanna Klimczak (red.). Dożywotni więźniowie. Najlepsi z najgorszych i źli stale, Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa 2022, 850 s. Jarosław Utrat-Milecki, Penologia ogólna. Perspektywa integralnokulturowa. Tom 1. Kara kryminalna jako ogólna kategoria instytucji prawnej i społecznej Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa 2022, 380 s. Jarosław Utrat-Milecki, Penologia ogólna. Perspektywa integralnokulturowa. Tom 2. Podstawy teoretyczne polityki karnej, Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa 2022, 448 s. Paweł Ostaszewski, Między przemocą ekonomiczną a karaniem za długi. Kryminologiczne studium przestępstwa niealimentacji, Wydawnictwo Instytutu Wymiaru Sprawiedliwości, Warszawa 2022, 298 s. Joanna Klimczak, Dominik Wzorek, Eleonora Zielińska. Europejski nakaz dochodzeniowy w praktyce sądowej i prokuratorskiej – ujawnione problemy i perspektywy rozwoju Wydawnictwo Instytutu Wymiaru Sprawiedliwości, Warszawa 2022, 198 s. Dominik Wzorek, Joanna Klimczak, Eleonora Zielińska, Kara ograniczenia wolności i jej rola w resocjalizacji sprawców przestępstw, Wydawnictwo Instytutu Wymiaru Sprawiedliwości, Warszawa 2022, 265 s. Justyna Włodarczyk-Madejska (red.), Mediacja w postępowaniu sądowym. Wyniki badań aktowych i analiz statystycznych, Wydawnictwo Instytutu Wymiaru Sprawiedliwości, Warszawa 2022, 384 s. Angelika Cieślikowska-Ryczko, Rodzice więźniów. Studium doświadczeń, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Łódź 2022, 204 s. Agnieszka Jaros, Naznaczone. Radzenie sobie z etykietowaniem w narracjach byłych wychowanek placówek resocjalizacyjnych, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Łódź 2022, 258 s. Magdalena Budyn-Kulik, Aksjologiczne podstawy kryminalizacji w społeczeństwie ponowoczesnym, Wydawnictwo UMCS, Lublin 2022, 484 s. Jerzy Czołgoszewski, Geneza oraz kształtowanie się więziennictwa w I Rzeczypospolitej, Księstwie Warszawskim i Królestwie Polskim. Od sługi miejskiego do strażnika więziennego, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Warmińsko-Mazurskiego, Olsztyn 2022, 676 s. Danuta Janicka, O przestępstwach, karach i prewencji kryminalnej. Studia z najnowszej historii polskiego prawa karnego i nauki prawa, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, Toruń 2021, 332 s. O wolność i prawo. Księga jubileuszowa dedykowana Profesorowi Andrzejowi Rzeplińskiemu, Wolters Kluwer Polska, Warszawa 2022, 1048 s. Piotr Karlik, Bartosz Pilitowski, Stosowanie tymczasowego aresztowania. Analiza praktyczna, Wolters Kluwer Polska, Warszawa 2022, 248 s. Bartłomiej Filek, Odpowiedzialność karna w Polsce za czyny zabronione popełnione za granicą, Wolters Kluwer Polska, Warszawa 2022, 270 s. Marek Mozgawa, Piotr Poniatowski, Krzysztof Wala (red.), Aktualne problemy i perspektywy prawa karnego, Wolters Kluwer Polska, Warszawa 2022, 476 s. Marek Mozgawa (red.), Przestępstwo zmuszania, Wolters Kluwer Polska, Warszawa 2022, 540 s. Andrzej Depko, Krzysztof Eichstaedt, Piotr Gałecki, Aleksandra Krasowska, Metodyka pracy biegłego psychiatry, psychologa oraz seksuologa w sprawach karnych, nieletnich oraz wykroczeń, Wolters Kluwer Polska, Warszawa 2022, 492 s. Katarzyna Lenczowska-Soboń, Przestępstwo zniszczenia lub uszkodzenia zabytku, Wolters Kluwer Polska, Warszawa 2022, 448 s. Diana Dajnowicz-Piesiecka, Emilia Jurgielewicz-Delegacz, Emil W. Pływaczewski (red.), Badania kryminologiczne a praktyka. Perspektywa krajowa i międzynarodowa, Wolters Kluwer Polska, Warszawa 2022, 792 s. Wojciech Filipkowski, Ewa Guzik-Makaruk, Katarzyna Laskowska, Przewodnik po prawie karnym. Tablice, orzecznictwo, kazusy. 4. wydanie, Wolters Kluwer Polska, Warszawa 2022, 524 s. Katarzyna Laskowska, Wory w zakonie w Związku Radzieckim i Federacji Rosyjskiej. Kryminologiczna analiza zjawiska, Wydawnictwo Temida 2, Białystok 2022, 149 s. Paweł Kościelniak, Renata Wietecha-Posłuszny, Małgorzata Król, Michał Woźniakiewicz, Analityka sądowa, Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, Warszawa 2022, 520 s. Ewa M. Guzik-Makaruk, Ireneusz Sołtyszewski (red.), Przestępczość farmaceutyczna w XXI wieku, Wydawnictwo: CeDeWu, Warszawa 2022, 354 s. Klaudia Skelnik, Bezpieczeństwo publiczne. Zarządzanie informacją w działaniach policji na rzecz bezpieczeństwa i porządku publicznego w Polsce, Wydawnictwo: CeDeWu, Warszawa 2022, 168 s. Etyka badań jakościowych w praktyce. Analiza doświadczeń badaczy z osobami podatnymi na zranienie, Wydawnictwo Scholar, Warszawa 2022, 239 s. Piotr Chlebowicz, Paweł Łabuz, Tomasz Safjański (red.), Antykryminalistyka. Taktyka i technika działań kontrwykrywczych, Difin, Warszawa 2022, 293 s. Tomasz R. Aleksandrowicz Prognozowanie zagrożeń terrorystycznych. Aspekty metodologiczne Difin, Warszawa 2022, 172 s. Andrzej Dawidczyk, Justyna Jurczak, Metodologia bezpieczeństwa w przykładach i zastosowaniach. Podręcznik akademicki, Difin, Warszawa 2022, 194 s. Justyna Siemionow, Resocjalizacja młodzieży niedostosowanej społecznie jako proces wspierania rozwoju psychospołecznego oraz kształtowania potencjałów, Difin, Warszawa 2022, 156 s. Paweł Łabuz, Irena Malinowska, Mariusz Michalski (red.), Przestępczość zorganizowana. Aspekty prawne i kryminalno-kryminalistyczne, Difin, Warszawa 2022, 338 s. Agnieszka Nowotka, Analiza typologiczna sprawców zabójstw i ich ofiar, Difin, Warszawa 2022, 354 s. Błażej Kmieciak, Hanna Elżanowska, Justyna Kotowska (red.), Przestępstwa przeciwko wolności seksualnej w sieci. Ochrona praw dziecka w przestrzeni Internetu, Difin, Warszawa 2022, 170 s. Paweł Łabuz, Jacek Kudła, Tomasz Safjański, Czynności operacyjno-rozpoznawcze polskich służb ochrony prawa w prawie krajowym i międzynarodowym, Difin, Warszawa 2022, 436 s. Andrzej Adamski (red.), Kryminologiczne i prawnokarne aspekty podrabiania towarów i fałszowania produktów leczniczych, C.H. Beck, Warszawa 2022, 368 s. Michał Leciak, Doping w sporcie i jego prawnokarne oceny, C.H. Beck, Warszawa 2022, 348 s. Sebastian Kowalski, prof. dr hab. Maciej Małolepszy Prawo karne i postępowanie karne w dobie epidemii COVID-19. Doświadczenia polskie i wybranych państw europejskich, C.H. Beck, Warszawa 2022, 348 s. Magdalena Najda, Aleksandra Rutkowska, Dariusz Rutkowski, Psychologia sali sądowej, Wydawnictwo: Od.Nowa, Bielsko-Biała 2022, 286 s. Marcin Krzywicki, Kryminalne rozpoznanie penitencjarne. Podstawy teoretyczne, Wydawnictwo FNCE, Chomęcice 2022, 112 s. Juliusz Makarewicz, Prawo karne. Wykład porównawczy z uwzględnieniem prawa obowiązującego w Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, Instytut Allerhanda, Lwów 1924 – Warszawa 2022 Witold Klaus, Irena Rzeplińska, Dagmara Woźniakowska-Fajst (red.), Criminal Careers. Life and Crime Trajectories of Former Juvenile Offenders in Adulthood, Routledge 2022, 302 s.

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КАЗНЕНИ СИСТЕМ У РЕПУБЛИЦИ СРПСКОЈ ПРЕМА КРИВИЧНОМ ЗАКОНИКУ ИЗ 2017. ГОДИНЕ

Author(s): Dragan Jovašević,Marina M. Simović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 51/2018

In july 2017, a new Criminal Code was passed in Republika Srpska which, to a significant extent, varies from existing solutions in other criminal laws of Bosnia and Herzegovina, i.e. Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Brčko District. One of the most significant novelties is a new system of criminal sanctions and, amongst them, a new penal system, as well as rules for imposing criminal sanctions. This Paper is about the concept, elements, characteristics, purpose, type and imposing of criminal sanctions in Republika Srpska in accordance with new legal solutions.

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ПРАВО НА ОБРАЗОВАЊЕ МАЛОЛЕТНИКА ТОКОМ ИЗВРШЕЊА КРИВИЧНИХ САНКЦИЈА– НОРМАТИВНО-ПЕНОЛОШКИ ПРИСТУП

Author(s): Filip Mirić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 8/2023

Education is a basic human right. Through the process of education, people acquire the knowledge and skills needed to perform tasks that provide the means for existence, while respecting moral and legal norms. In this way, education is of exceptional importance for the resocialization of juveniles during the execution of criminal sanctions because in this way the necessary conditions are created for the suppression of criminological, criminal and penological recidivism. Bearing all this in mind, the paper will analyze the right to education of juveniles during the execution of criminal sanctions, through the presentation of the relevant provisions of the most important international legal acts. The aim of the paper is to point out the importance of education as a form of treatment. At the end of the paper, practical problems will be pointed out when exercising the right to education in institutions for the execution of criminal sanctions for juveniles, which gives the paper a penological significance.

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SISTEM IZVRŠENJA KRIVIČNIH SANKCIJA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI – STANJE I PERSPEKTIVA

Author(s): Danilo Mrković / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 8/2023

With the reform of the justice system in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the situation in penitentiary institutions in BiH is much better than before. These improvements are first of all reflected in the improvement of the conditions of serving a prison sentence. The overbooking of prisons is no longer the biggest problem, because due to migration and population outflow, the coronavirus pandemic, the lack of labor and easier access to work, the number of convicted persons is also decreasing, and the current situation in all penal correctional institutions in terms of capacity is satisfactory. However, in order for the penitentiary system to be as efficient as possible, it is necessary to pay much more attention to the process of resocialization of convicted persons, in order to reducethe rate of recidivism.

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RESOCIJALIZACIJA PRESTUPNIKA KROZ PRIZMU KRIMINOLOGIJE I PENOLOGIJE

Author(s): Danilo Mrković,Husein Ljeljak,Nadežda Gudelj / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 8/2023

Criminology is a scientific discipline that, among other things, deals with the personality of delinquents, and from that point of view, the connection between penology and criminology is particularly significant. By studying the personality of the delinquent, his biological and psychological structure and the social characteristics of the status, criminology contributes to penology in choosing the most adequate method in the treatment of juvenile delinquents and convicted persons. Also, with regard to personality as a common subject of interest, criminology comes to know about the casual factors of criminality, which in penology have a special significance in the re-education of the criminal personality of criminals. The aim of this work is to point out the connection between these two scientific disciplines and their importance in the resocialization of juvenile offenders and convicted persons.

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PRAVO NA OBRAZOVANJE U KONTEKSTU IZVRŠENJA KRIVIČNIH SANKCIJA ZA MALOLETNIKE

Author(s): Milica Kovačević / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 8/2023

Modern scientific trends and relevant international documents emphasize the principle of the best interests of the child in all situations involving minors, including cases of application of criminal sanctions towards minors. The best interest of the child is inextricably linked to the full development of personal potential, which is inconceivable without education and the acquisition of knowledge and skills. Therefore, it is not surprising that the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, as well as the Beijing and Havana Rules, devote significant attention to the right to education. It should be kept in mind that minors as perpetrators of criminal offenses must enjoy the right to upbringing and education of the same quality as their peers who had no contact with the criminal justice system. The above sets extremely complex tasks before the system of execution of criminal sanctions for minors. Therefore, the paper is devoted to the analysis of relevant international documents, and the case law of the European Court of Human Rights in the field of respect for human rights in the context of the execution of juvenile criminal sanctions. The aim of the paper is to summarize the dominant values and principles and thereby support their full implementation in practice

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PREDRASUDE O PSIHIČKI OBOLJELIM LICIMA I UBOJSTVIMA

Author(s): Sandi Dizdarević,Nedeljko Stanković,Kemal Brkić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2023

Introduction: Murder, as the most heinous act of man, which takes away the highest moral and legal right, throughout history has encountered various reflections, researches, but above all condemnation from the wider scientific, professional, and general public. A large part of such deliberations and assessments is based on a layman's approach, very often imputing the act of murder to some form of mental disorder, without study and scientific, but above all professional analysis. Objective: the main objective is to show the correlation and causal link between the crime of murder and one of the mental disorders. Such a causal connection is certainly present and persistent, but this raises the scientific question of whether such a correlation is equal, smaller, or greater in relation to the control sample or the general population, i.e., the number of murders committed by mentally normal persons. Methods: scientific work takes place primarily within the framework of Grounded Theory, within which the method of content analysis, method of description and method of analogy will be applied. In the framework of the work, as a confirmation of the obtained qualitative results, statistical reports from the competent authorities will be used, as well as several examples of case studies. Results: the discussion and the results of scientific research on the question can only be known by triangulating scientific research in the fields of psychiatry and criminology, but also criminal psychology, which also investigates other factors of influence, such as the environment, within the scope of its research. The results of the scientific work will undoubtedly show a deferential difference that shows a far greater number of murders committed by mentally normal persons, but also a causal connection between mass murders and mental disorders. Conclusion: the basic starting assumption in this scientific paper starts from the hypothesis that: "criminal acts of murder and mental disorders coincide, but far less than in relation to the general population.". Scientific statistics clearly show us that the majority of murders are committed by mentally normal people, but that mass murders almost always carry with them the hallmarks of some serious and, in a large number of cases, latent mental illness.

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INCARCERATION EXPERIENCE AT OLDER AGES. DOES EMPLOYMENT PROTECT AGAINST RECIDIVISM?

Author(s): Piotr Błędowski,Joanna Felczak,Ewa Gałecka-Burdziak,Marek Góra / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

We investigate whether employment protects against and/or postpones recidivism among males who committed their first crime late in life. We use administrative data on 34,401 individuals, 44% of whom were employed at least once during the analysed period. We apply a multi-state model and difference indifferences approach. The results of the multi-state model indicate that employment reduced the risk of recidivism by 7% for those who were at risk of a second incarceration. On the other hand, employment increased the probability of subsequent recidivism by 8-10% for those who were at risk of a third or fourth incarceration. Our results suggest that institutional interventions should seek to increase the labour market attachment of former prisoners, and, in particular, should focus on ex-offenders with only one conviction. Being attached to the labour force seems to matter more, the fewer imprisonment spells an individual has experienced.

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THE PROTECTIVE MEASURES. ELEMENTS OF COMPARATIVE LAW

Author(s): Catalin Ionut Bucur / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

Protective measures as criminal law sanctions appeared later in the history of criminal law, being included in criminal legislation only in the 20th century. Their development as specific social protection measures was the consequence of the progress made in the field of criminology, as a multidisciplinary science, and of penology, which highlighted the existence of dangerous human and social conditions against which punishments prove ineffective and therefore useless.

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MJESTO I ULOGA DIREKCIJE ZA KOORIDNACIJU POLICIJSKIH TIJELA BIH U SISTEMU MEĐUNARODNE OPERATIVNE POLICIJSKE SARADNJE

Author(s): Zoran Kovačević,Zoran Lakić,Ljubomir Kuravica / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2023

In Bosnia and Herzegovina, organized criminal groups are continuously operating, which in the execution of criminal acts demonstrate a high degree of organization and joint action, using the most modern means of communication and information technology achievements. Individual differentiated persons maintain ties with high-ranking members of organized and regionally connected groups, who are in custody or serving prison sentences in the countries of the region. According to operational intelligence data, the territory of our country is still used by criminals from the region to hide from warrants issued or to avoid liquidations by rival criminal groups. Some are also planning a longer stay in BiH, in which case they would continue to carry out illegal activities in which they were involved before. On the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the presence of criminal persons from Montenegro who hid from possible liquidation or those who arrived in Bosnia and Herzegovina with the intention of organizing liquidations, as well as the engagement of citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina to commit various criminal acts in the territory of the countries of the region, including and liquidation.The transnational development of criminal activities brings with it an increasing participation of various technological support, either in the form of financial transactions in the so-called cryptocurrencies whose tracking is very limited or using encrypted communication programs such as What's Up, Telegram, Viber.

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DOPRINOS NAUČNOJ MISLI IZ OBLASTI KRIMINALISTIKE, AKADEMIKA PROF. DR. KORAJLIĆ NEDŽADA

Author(s): Adisa Jusić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2023

Throughout the history of the development of criminalistic thought, numerous individuals have left an indelible mark in shaping this discipline. In the Balkan region, one distinguished and reputable name that stands out as synonymous with exceptional contributions to criminalistics is Professor Dr. Nedzad Korajlic. His contribution to science stems not only from his professional expertise but also from his dedication to studying criminalistics from a multidisciplinary perspective. Through his works, Korajlic has built a bridge between theory and practice, enabling new generations of criminalists to utilize his methods and insights for a better understanding and treatment of criminality. In this paper, we will analyze the key contributions of Professor Korajlić to the scientific field of criminalistics, exploring how his ideas have shaped and advanced this crucial branch of science.

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KOMPJUTERSKI KRIMINAL I ORGANIZOVANI KRIMINAL U FEDERACIJI BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI

Author(s): Ensad Korman / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2023

Modern society, in its fundamental principles of state existence as the primary subject of international relations, aims to protect individuals and their property from all forms of endangerment, whether it be natural, technological, or any other disaster of smaller or larger scale, regardless of whether it concerns security threats within or beyond the state borders. In this endeavor, the state must, on the one hand, take all necessary measures to undertake activities for the protection of the lives and property of its citizens. On the other hand, it has an obligation to safeguard every personal datum of those citizens, whether they are victims or perpetrators. A specific aspect is the observation of internal security with all the entities whose primary task is the protection of the state's internal order, including: police authorities, intelligence agencies, inspection bodies, judiciary, customs, and other authorities responsible for maintaining internal security. Special attention in this article is given to the police authorities in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which, in accordance with their legal competencies, take measures and actions to detect and document perpetrators of offenses and criminal acts, as well as their accomplices. The greatest security risks facing police forces worldwide, including in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, are currently organized crime and computer crime, their mutual connection and dependence, and the widespread nature of their activities aimed at obtaining unlawful financial gain, as well as destabilizing the state. Organized crime, utilizing technological advancements, adversely affects the economic and social prosperity of the country.

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KRIMINALISTIČKO OPERATIVNO POSTUPANJE U OTKRIVANJU KRIVIČNIH DJELA ORGANIZOVANOG KRIMINALITETA SA OSVRTOM NA SUDSKE PRESUDE

Author(s): Zoran Kovačević,Zoran Lakić,Ljubomir Kuravica / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2023

Organized crime refers to activities that have many characteristics of regular business, but are in fact illegal. It usually includes illegal gambling, prostitution, wholesale theft, racketeering and other illegal activities. Opposing organized crime, simply speaking, is the struggle of state - governmental institutions, i.e., the legal - official legal system that respects regulations - positive laws and interstate agreements against highly organized persons and groups of the illegal system who, without any reservations or scruples, strive as soon as possible, secretly and not choosing the means to achieve the goal - the planned material profit. In the theoretical part of the research of this scientific paper, with the application of the methods of content analysis, comparative methods, analysis and deduction, the field of criminal operations was dealt with, the concept and forms of combating organized crime were defined, and an analysis of the court verdicts for 2020, 2021 and 2022 by criminal cases that had characteristics of organized crime, after which a conclusion was made.

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KUĆNI ZATVOR KAO ALTERNATIVNA KRIVIČNA SANKCIJA U REPUBLICI SRBIJI

Author(s): Ljubiša Zdravković,Srđan Aleksić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3 (2)/2023

House arrest as one of the types of alternative criminal sanctions represents one of the forms of the concept of sanctions, based on the assumption that the goals of punishing certain perpe-trators of criminal offenses can be achieved in conditions that are less restrictive than imprisonment. The reasons for striving for a preventive component of punishment, among other things, lie in the negative effects of prison sentences on the convict, his family and the social community. In the criminal legislation of the Republic of Serbia, alternative criminal sanctions are provided for: Imprisonment in the premises where the convicted person lives or so-called home prison, Punishment for work in the public interest, Punishment for revocation of driver’s license, Settlement of the perpetrator and the injured party, and Conditional sentence with protective supervision. House imprisonment was introduced into the Criminal Code of the RS with amendments from September 3, 2009. year, in such a way that it is provided as a way of executing the imposed prison sentence of up to one year, and not as an independent sanction.

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Punitiveness of Polish Society - A Variable or Permanent Trait?

Author(s): Joanna Klimczak / Language(s): English Issue: 35 (1)/2023

The article presents the results of a survey on the punitiveness of Polish society, commissioned by the Institute of Justice in Poland. Punitiveness was measured using several indicators, including in regard to the introduction of penalties such as life imprisonment without parole or the death penalty into the Penal Code. The same indicators were used to measure punitiveness in studies conducted in previous years. This enabled a comparison of the results, which showed that the respondents in the most recent surveys were less punitive although this may be related not so much to an actual change in societal attitudes as to different methodology used in the studies. The research also made it possible to analyse the factors determining this intensity, e.g. the strength of the relationship between socio-demographic factors and punitiveness. However, the analysis did not reveal a direct relationship between these dependencies.

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SPEKTRUM CZYNNIKÓW OCHRONY PRZED RYZYKIEM ZACHOWAŃ PRZESTĘPCZYCH

Author(s): Piotr Boćko / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2023

Given the extensive potential for risk factors, the article's attention to both clinical intervention and risk management offers a critical synthesis of what is known about risk factors for offending. The article provides a critical review of knowledge on protective factors. In particular, the identification of 'natural' protective factors can be used to guide prevention programmes from childhood and to formulate responses to adolescent risk. Investigating the sources of vulnerability and resilience is a promising area of research to improve prevention and identify the impact of risk factors, while aiming to improve individuals at risk of offending.

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KRIVIČNO PROCESNO ZAKONODAVSTVO REPUBLIKE SRPSKE I ŽRTVA KRIVIČNOG DJELA

Author(s): Miodrag N. Simović,Vladimir M. Simović / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 9/2024

Despite the fact that Directive 2012/29/EU establishing minimum standards on the rights, support and protection of victims of crime, adopted by the Resolution of the European Parliament on 30 May 2018, contains provisions of a criminal law nature in general (substantive, procedural, juvenile and enforcement) on the status of victim of crime, its focus is on the questions of criminal procedural character. This position of the Directive on this issue is based on two key criminal-political reasons. The first is based on the fact that the victim of crime can exercise his/her rights in connection with this status only in criminal proceedings. Second, the criminal procedure itself, by its very nature, is an inconvenience for the victim of crime and, as such, it leaves additional negative consequences for a victim. These consequences should be reduced to the greatest extent possible by standardizing adequate criminal procedural instruments and by their application, which, we must admit, is not easy to provide. However, the guidelines on how to achieve this are provided by the Directive. For these reasons, and not only them, in the process of harmonizing national criminal legislation with the standards of the Directive, the focus must be on harmonizing their criminal procedural legislation - the law on criminal procedure - with the Directive. Of course, the norms of substantive, juvenile and enforcement criminal law should not be left out, because they should also regulate certain issues concerning the victim of crime. Only in situations where all of them are harmonized with the standards of the Directive can we talk about the harmonization of the national criminal legislation with the standards of the Directive.

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Selection And CBT Treatment Pilot Program Final Evaluation Using IORNS in Macedonian Male Prison Population

Author(s): Aleksandra Dimitrovska / Language(s): English Issue: 30/2024

The treatment or the resocialization is the most important part of the prison sentence which methods can be individual and group. Motivated inmates and less resistance for the treatment are the main precondition for effective treatment. Appropriate behavior of personnel is the main factor for that result. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) as the most effective evidence based psychotherapy approach for offender population is a type for inmate treatment. CBT is a result of Aaron Beck pioneering work in the 1960s. CBT model is based on the triangle relationships between cognition, emotions and behavior. The cognition is defined as a product of the three levels: cognitive schemas, negative automatic thoughts and dysfunctional thinking or thinking errors. The inventory of risk, need and strengths (IORNS), an risk assessment instrument, based on Risk, need and responsivity (RNR) model, was used for selection of (N=27) inmates and CBT treatment pilot program final evaluation, in Macedonian prison Bitola. The evaluation was done by comparing pre and post test measures in (N=12) male inmates, as optimal number for group psychotherapy treatment. According to the RNR model the treatment program needs to be oriented to the inmates needs. Implementing CBT treatment program for group psychotherapy and IORNS as short screening tool in Macedonian prisons was the aim of the project supported by the Council of Europe in this work. The results showed significant lower Procriminal attitudes but higher Aggression because of higher Aggressive behavior in the post measures. Results and instrument can be used in next CBT programs evaluations for better rehabilitation of prison inmates and reducing recidivism.

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