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Ислям: идентичност и миграция

Author(s): Vesselin Bosakov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2015

The immigration pressure that is exercised on Europe - the prevalent component of immigration being Islamic – generates problems in the social sphere, in education, interreligious relations and security. The trends related to the increasing numbers of immigrants are the following: Inability to integrate into Western societies and ghettoization of those who are “different”; The formation of separate societies in parallel with the main ones and a growing number of so-called “sensitive zones”;The decreasing attractiveness of the so-called multi-cultural model; Radicalization of Muslims; Construction of identity markers.

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Промени в груповата идентичност на трансграничните семейства от Родопите 1992-2015 г.

Author(s): Antonina Zhelyazkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2015

This text is an endeavor to analyze the consequences of the transborder separation of families and its influence upon group cultural identity. The article is focused not only on the first and second generation of emigrants but also on the parts of the nuclear family remaining in Bulgaria (predominantly children and older parents). The analysis is based on long years of field research, monitoring, secondary analysis of free interviews and target groups responses, as well as on unpublished interviews. As a result of their cultural and religious attitudes Muslims have a hard time to apprehend the existential shock of the fact that the family is no longer based on mutual cohabitation at one place, in traditional community and environment. They also struggle with rifts in the traditional hierarchy inside the nuclear family. Muslims experience serious changes in their understanding of traditional family and its enlarged ancestral variant. For the sake of prosperity, within a time period of twenty five years, the traditional family was lost and became fragmented. With the time passing it became spatially dispersed, the social, cultural and hierarchical bonds grew thinner and partially severed. Despite the increasing scientific interest in the matter, in the year of 2015, the issue of family transformations and local social networks remains marginal and the field research results are not full and not well organized.

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Емиграцията в перспективата на търсенето на първа работа в България

Author(s): Rumyana Stoilova,Elitsa Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2015

This research aims to investigate emigration in the context search of first job after leaving education among young people in Bulgaria. The theoretical framework of analysis is based on theories of individuals’ life transitions and the status changes that define the trajectories of an individual’s life. The authors use empirical data obtained from a representative survey on young people in Bulgaria conducted in 2014, which includes a detailed calendar of education-to-work transitions made by young people in the preceding five years. The survey is focused on a specific age cohort (people born between 1980 and 1999) and on the transition – an important one for young people – from education to work. The results of the analysis indicate that emigration is not the large-scale choice of youths in Bulgaria in the consecutive steps they take from education to employment. Emigration is a potential option, to which young people are open; they take advantage of shorter or longer staysabroad in order to work. The lack of work restrictions for Bulgarians, in the context of the country’s integration in the EU, and the awareness of this opportunity explain the higher quantitative levels of willingness to emigrate among young people compared with their actual experience with emigration. People with lower than secondary education, the unemployed, people from smaller settlements, and those not of Bulgarian ethnicity emigrate more often than other young people. Previous migration experience is one of the strongest predators of intentions to emigrate. Among youths, emigration leads to postponement of starting a family of one’s own but is a favorable factor regarding separation from parents, transition to independent life and, hence, acquiring the status of young adults.

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Българските роми мигранти или как миграцията променя ценностите

Author(s): Stoyanka Cherkezova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2015

The aim of this article is to search for pro- and con- evidences for the hypothesis that there is a correspondence between the migratory movements and experiences on the one hand and the change of values on the other. The object is on the values of the Roma who emigrated from and returned to Bulgaria in these values’ relationship to the environment in the home and in the host country (cultural norms of non-migrated Roma, non-Roma in Bulgaria and the majorities in the host countries). Values that have previously been subject of studies are investigated. Research question are: is there a change in attitudes towards traditional values and those of the modern era, in views about education, in opinions about Roma’s integration and in Roma’s representations. Comparative analysis between the values shared by majorities in host countries and Bulgaria; between the values of Bulgarian Roma and of non-Roma living close to Roma communities; between the values of Roma ex-migrants and of Roma, who have never migrated is made. It is based on data from two studies (UNDP/WB/EC Regional Roma Survey 2011 and the European Social Survey - fifth wave / 2010). Changes in the value system of Roma ex-migrants and their character are accentuated. Possible explanations for these changes are offered.

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BOŠNJAČKE FAMILIJE OPĆINE SREBRENICA: ANTROPOGEOGRAFSKA ISTRAŽIVANJA (I)

Author(s): Alija Suljić,Edina Suljić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 11/2019

This paper explores and analyzes the most important anthropogeographic characteristics of the development of the municipality of Srebrenica until the mid-1990s, especially changes in the economic and educational structure of the municipal population. Particular attention was paid to the territorial distribution, that is, the representation of certain Bosniak families in the settlements of the municipality, as well as the number of households and the total number of persons per family. In addition, the basic demographic losses of Bosniak families in the Srebrenica municipality during the aggression against the independent state of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1992-1995, are presented. and the massacres of Bosniak men after the occupation of the so-called UN Srebrenica Safe Zone, July 1995. Data on the number of widows and orphaned children as a result of the mass killing of Bosniak men during aggression and genocide were analyzed and presented by families.

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MANAGEMENT OF SPECIFIC FOOTBALL-TENNIS TRAINING

Author(s): Corina TIFREA,Anamaria GHERGHEL / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2019

Football-tennis is both an individual and team sport, with single, double, triple, plus double and triple mixed events. It is a complex sport where all the muscular groups, the technical-tactical aspects and all the moving abilities are involved: speed (reaction, execution, movement, strength and strength); Force (Force-Speed, Force-Resistance); resistance (specific, anaerobic); flexibility and mobility; coordinating capacity. The technique of football-tennis game is represented by all acyclic actions, based on the perception of the space and time-specific to this sport, which has been acquired correctly and in a balanced manner, leading to maximum results in competitions. The technique in the football-tennis game is represented by the ensemble of specific moving skills (technical processes involved) taking place based on the superior nervous activities, the impact biomechanics and the physical possibilities of the football-tennis players for the purpose of solving situations that occur in both attack and defence in the best way possible and most accurately.

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Transitions Online-Around the Bloc-2 March

Author(s): Ioana Caloianu / Language(s): English Issue: 03/09/2020

In the news: opposition party wins Slovak elections; predictable polls in Tajikistan; the Ukrainian PM quitting or not; Seto people divided by Estonian-Russia border; and Kadyrov’s daughter is the talk of Paris.

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‘FIXING’ THE SOCIAL CONTRACT: A BLUEPRINT FOR INDIVIDUAL TAX REFORM

Author(s): Giorgio Beretta / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2019

In the face of population ageing and demographic decline, nowadays all countries compete for an increasingly valuable asset: human capital. Indeed, the drain of human capital from one country to another concerns not only highly-skilled individuals seeking job opportunities abroad, but also pensioners relocating to sunnier and more tax-friendly jurisdictions. Absent global action, the risk of uncoordinated and unilateral measures taken by countries to increase and protect their own tax base, with adverse effects both from the inter-nation and the intra-nation equity perspective, is very concrete. So far, however, neither the OECD nor the European Union have developed specific policies or measures in the domain of individual taxation. Arguing that scope of reform exists also in this field, the article explores various policies and measures as a blueprint for individual taxation reform, with the double aim to curb tax competition among countries and fix the crumbling social contract.

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USING TAX POLICY TO ADDRESS BRAIN DRAIN AND DEPOPULATION: THE CASE OF CROATIA

Author(s): Stjepan Gadžo / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2019

As the end of the Twenty-Tens approaches, there is a growing public consensus in Croatia that the key challenge facing the country is of demographic nature. Put simply, the accession to the European Union (EU) in July 2013 only exacerbated the negative trends regarding the emigration of mostly young and high-skilled workers to other, more developed countries. However, policymakers have hitherto failed to offer a comprehensive set of countermeasures, with tax policy being no exception. Accordingly, it is the aim of this paper to explore possible tax measures the Croatian legislator may employ in tackling the brain drain phenomenon, with special emphasis on highly skilled workers. More specifically, starting from the assumption that policymakers want to assume a more proactive role in addressing brain drain, the main contribution of the paper is in drawing the contours of a coherent tax-related response to this issue.

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Transitions Online-Media-The Disinformation Virus

Author(s): Daniel Milo / Language(s): English Issue: 04/27/2020

All the lies will not disappear as the pandemic retreats, but it may be an opportunity for the Slovak state to give these threats the attention they deserve.

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Transitions Online_Society-Fending for Themselves

Author(s): Nida Dincturk / Language(s): English Issue: 05/11/2020

Vulnerable migrants in Turkey could be a hidden time bomb as some reports say that thousands were released back into the general population without any health checks.

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Transitions Online_Around the Bloc-20 May

Author(s): Ioana Caloianu / Language(s): English Issue: 05/25/2020

Highlights from our coverage region: Hungary ends transgender recognition; censorship in Poland; coronavirus in Dagestan; Czechia mine outbreak; and digital immunity passports in Estonia.

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“AND ЕVERYTHING HERE WAS FILLED WITH MISERY AND TEARS”: A FEW NOTES ON THE BLACK DEATH DEMOGRAPHIC IMPACT ON BYZANTIUM , 1347–1453

Author(s): Theodor Dimitrov / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

This article aims at reviewing the effect of the so-called Black Death on the demographic structure of Byzantium and Byzantine world in the period between 1347 and 1453. Due to the extremely scarce information in the historical sources, the author does not engage in calculating human losses during the local plague epidemics. The text traces the main demographic tendencies in the course of the pandemic. First of all, the problem of morbidity and mortality rates in cities and the much less urbanized countryside has been analyzed. Secondly, by combining data from the historical sources available and the results of modern epidemiological studies, this work attempts to identify the population groups that were most frequent victims of the plague. In conclusion, the issue whether and to what extent the demographic damage in Byzantium and the Byzantine world are commensurate with those in Western Europe has been discussed.

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İMTİYAZLI BİR KİTLEDEN İŞSİZLER ORDUSUNA DEĞİŞEN GENÇLİK ALGISI

Author(s): Demet Lüküslü / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2020

Youth is a dynamic category which is defined differently at different periods. This paper discusses how the youth category goes through a transformation from the early 19th century when the modern youth category emerges to the neoliberal era. The paper analyzes the transformation of the youth category by first discussing how youth emerges as a privileged constructor category during which the education system promises social equality with modernity, how the category experiences a transformation by the massification of the education system and lastly how youth becomes a vulnerable category in the neoliberal era during which the education system fails to keep its promises and provide social equality nor social mobility and during which the transition to adulthood becomes problematic with a special focus on Turkey.

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О миграционных и демографических процессах на территории Дагестана в албано-сарматский и раннесредневековый периоды

Author(s): Murtazali Gadjiev,Marat Bakushev,Alexander V. Borisov,Natalia E. Ryabogina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2020

According to archaeological data, the Albanian-Sarmatian period is characterized by a weak population of the territory of Dagestan. In the mountainous part of the region there is an almost complete population decline to the turn of the era, which began in the early Iron Age and is associated with a recorded cooling in the mountains in that period. In the 3rd century AD, there was an active growth in the number of settlements, the emergence of a hierarchy of settlements, including early urban centers, which reflected the cardinal socio-economic transformations in society. Since that time, the Iranian-speaking nomads began their mass migration to the Caspian Dagestan, which was due to the climatic factor and political events in the region. Population growth and density in the 3rd—5th centuries AD and the reverse settlement of the mountain zone, obviously, was a consequence of the socio-economic development of society against the background of climate improvement. The observed climatic changes were recorded according to the results of paleobotanical studies of the ancient peatland in Mountainous Dagestan, which showed the relationship of migration and demographic processes with the natural and climatic situation. The deterioration of the military and political situation in the Caspian plain in the 6th—8th centuries AD was the reason for the termination of the functioning of many settlements on the border of the plain and foothills and caused back migration to the mountains.

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За града и тълпата през XXI век

Author(s): Dessislava Boshnakova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

Today, many ideas come from the crossing point of different fields. Starting as initiatives in the field of computing, today crowdsourcing can be find in all aspects of human life. In that article, I will focus on the opportunities to use crowdsourcing in the life of a city. This means that using new technologies cities can create initiatives in which to collaborate with its citizens for making the life of the city better. We know that the city is not only buildings and routes. The soul of the city comes from the crowd who lives in that city. Crowdsourcing is just a way to hear the voices of the people and engage them in the future of their city

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GEOGRAFSKO-ISTORIJSKI, DRUŠTVENI I PEDAGOŠKI AMBIJENT ZA OSNOVNO OBRAZOVANJE U NOVOM PAZARU, SJENICI I TUTINU TOKOM 20. VEKA

Author(s): Sefedin Šehović,Filduza Prušević Sadović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 85-86/2020

Pedagoška tematika vezana za proučavanja u srbijanskom delu Sandžaka mora nalaziti uporišta, oslonce, argumente, podatke u lokalnoj sredini, ali se značenjski mora uzdići do vrednosti naučnog mišljenja, njegove logičnosti i misaonog, teorijskog sistema od značaja za nauku o vaspitanju. Zato se u ovom radu taj aspekt, naznačen kao sistem obrazovanja Srbije na datom, istorijski i aktuelno ograničenom prostoru, ima u vidu; to je predmet i zadatak teme, njene obrade. To nije samo deskriptivno predočavanje pojava u osnovnom obrazovanju, već pitanje primenjivostoi naučnog pedagoškog saznanja na jednom prostoru koga odlikuje specifična prošlost, takva kakvu nema ni jedan drugi deo Srbije. I sadašnjost koja je izronila iz date prošlosti, sadašnjost kojoj nije bilo dovoljno sto godina razvoja da potre negativne recidive prošlosti, da ih otkloni i nadmaši. Tema je najmanje hronologija zbivanja koja se najčešće smešta u šemu, protok godina: 3 + 3 + 23 + 4 + 45 + 10 godina (od 1912 do 1915 - 3, do kraja prvog svetskog rata 3, Kraljevina Jugoslavija 23, II svetski rat 4, vreme brozovskog socijalizma 45 i postbrozovski period 10 godina). Iako svaki od tih intervala u proticanju vremena ima svoje osobenosti i svoju situaciju u razvoju, ipak je za pedagoško proučavanje više relevantno nešto šire identifikovanje i obrađivanje, odnosno proučavanje osnovnog obrazovanja. U predmet i u okvire sadržaja ove teme ulaze dve bitne odrednice, dva osnovna pitanja – prostor na kome su situirane osnovne škole ove oblasti i vreme u kome su one sastavni deo sistema obrazovanja Srbije.

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N. S. Khrushchev and the 1944 Soviet Family Law: Politics, Reproduction, and Language

Author(s): Mie Nakachi / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2006

Faced with the demographic catastrophe of World War II, the Soviet Union tried to replace the dead by promulgating the pronatalist Family Law of 1944. The results would be many and varied, both planned and unintended. This article, based on recently declassified Soviet archives, analyzes highlevel discussions that preceded issuance of the new law and reveals N. S. Khrushchev, the future Soviet leader, as the measure’s author. However, his clear statement of pronatalist goals was covered up by euphemisms regarding protection of mothers and children in all public versions. By comparing the internal and public texts, we can discover much about the interrelationship of reproduction, language, and politics in the postwar USSR.

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Review of Bucur’s Eugenics and Modernization in Interwar Romania

Author(s): Dan Stone / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2003

The review of: Eugenics and Modernization in Interwar Romania by Maria Bucur. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2002 (Pitt Series in Russian and East European Studies). pp. 298 + vi, notes, bibliography, index.

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NAHIJA BANJA LUKA U OPŠIRNOM POPISU BOSANSKOG SANDŽAKA IZ 1604. GODINE

Author(s): Amina Kupusović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 44-45/1996

The paper gives a translation of the 1604 cadastral census of the Bosnian Sanjak for the district of Banja Luka. The source original is kept at the Tapu-Kadastro Genel Miidurlugu Archives in Ankara under call number TD 479. Banja Luka and its environs fell to the Ottoman rule in 1528. At first it was embodied in the district of Brod, and later it was established as a separate district of Banja Luka. The town itself developed vigorously in the second half of the 16th century, especially since it had become the seat of Bosnian Beglerbey Ferhat Pasha. According to that census the district had 51 settlements, and the town, including the part; called Varoš, had 15 residential sub-quarters. The registry gives the data on the urban development of Banja Luka, the spread of Islam, the demographic and religious image of the district.

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