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A multi-perspective analysis of adult learner differences in foreign language learning: Motivation, autonomous learning and self-regulation

Author(s): Emese Schiller,Helga Dorner / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2020

Leaner autonomy, self-regulatory strategies and motivational factors play a significant role in learning English as a foreign language (EFL) which can, nevertheless, show considerable changes in the lifetime of learning. There are thus numerous studies that investigate the dynamic nature of these constructs by exploring possible learner differences between younger and older adult population. However, research that discusses particularities within the age group of older adult learners is scarce. Hence, this paper examined the relationship among autonomous learning, self-regulation, and learner motivation by considering older adults’ age and educational background. Results indicate that there are statistically significant differences among specific aspects of motivational and autonomy-related constructs when participants’ age was taken into account. Certain self-regulatory and autonomous learning skills showed further differences when older adults’ age and educational attainment were considered. Finally, we present practical pedagogical recommendations based on our empirical findings.

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ეროვნული/ეთნიკური უმცირესობების გავლენა და როლი ახლო აღმოსავლეთსა და საქართველოში

Author(s): Madona Gogitidze / Language(s): Georgian Issue: 1/2019

The study of population changes and ethnic composition is one of the most important issues for analyzing the political or socio-economic situation of the modern era. It is especially relevant for countries where ethnic diversity is characteristic.Since the 1990s, the political and economic crisis has been exacerbated by major events in the world, leading to ethnic conflict in some countries. Since the 19th century, the European part of the great states has been doing its utmost to address the ethnic problems that have emerged as a result of the national liberation movement and skirmishes.The national/ethnic diversity characteristic of Georgia is rare for such small and small countries. This is a characteristic of the country’s wealth and chance for integration into a diverse world.

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Vitalitatea societății româneşti în anul Centenarului Marii Uniri

Author(s): Alin Bulumac / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2018

The paper aims to offer the reader a short and a clear radiography of the Romanian society from a demographic point of view. In order to demonstrate that the demographic decline of the Romanian society is not a natural phenomenon but an artificial one, one will describe the causes and effects of the phenomenon through theories and concepts such as the idea of citadel (Fustel de Coulanges), vitality (Nicolae Iorga), nation and social will (Dimitrie Gusti). Also, in the background one will rely upon certain elements of demography (rates of natural increase, abortion,emigration, the age at birth of the first child etc.). The main objective of the material is to make the reader understand that the Romanian society has the symptoms of an abandoned society by its own elites, a situation that is worsening day by day

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Zbor imaat graǵanite: The First Sociological Study, the Polish Sociological Expert Aid to Macedonia in the Mid-1960s and the Post-Earthquake History of Interethnic Relations in Skopje

Author(s): Naum Trajanovski / Language(s): English Issue: 10/2021

On the early morning of 26 July 1963, a calamitous earthquake struck the Macedonian capital of Skopje, taking the lives of 1,070 people and destroying more than two-thirds of the urban fabric. The politically non-aligned Yugoslav government immediately issued a call for help for the earthquake-torn city, which was picked up by more than eighty states across the globe, as well as the United Nations and other international organizations. The domestic authorities, in turn, sought to reimagine post-disaster Skopje as a “City of Solidarity,” a symbol of the trans-bloc cooperation, and an “Open City” – one open to domestic and intrafederal migrations and the epitome of the trans-Yugoslav state-building slogan of “brotherhood and unity.” However, the mounting interethnic tensions in the 1980s, the Yugoslav dissolution, and the 2001 insurgency dramatically shifted the public optics over the post-earthquake urban reconstruction and demographic politics – a narrative which found a particular stronghold in the memory politics of post-2001 Macedonia. The present paper discusses one overlooked episode from the post-earthquake reconstruction of Skopje: from December 1964 to April 1965, the first ever largescale sociological survey was conducted among Skopjans as part of the Polish expert aid and the preparations for the UN-sponsored Skopje Urban Project. Although the published study contained an exclusive portrayal of the economic and demographic features of the local households and revealed some of the major interethnic issues in the city, it never received proper treatment by the authorities and – up to the Yugoslav dissolution – in the scholarship. Thus, in order to present the major outcomes of this cross-national endeavor, I reconstruct the prehistory, the fieldwork and the immediate results of the survey by triangulating a set of archival materials, semi-structured interviews with its Polish and Macedonian conveners, and secondary literature on Skopje’s urban reconstruction. Finally, I argue that the survey – its realization, results and aftermath – can be read as a key to a better understanding of the post-earthquake history of Skopje and the interethnic relations in the city.

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Основные факторы дифференциации качества жизни населения

Author(s): Valentina Ivanovna Lyalikova,Elena Kalinina,Skydre Zhichkene / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2017

The purpose of the article is to generalize methods used in the world practice for assessing the quality of life, to identify the main factors of differentiation of the quality of life in the regions of the Republic of Belarus. The object of research – the quality of life. Methods of research: analysis, systematization and synthesis of scientific literature, methods of multivariate statistical analysis. The priority of social policy in developed countries is to employ the economic and social potential of population so that population can achieve life satisfaction. The question is how to assess the quality of life and life satisfaction. Common economic indicators, such as GDP, inflation and budget deficit, the trade balance are far from reflecting the true state of the economy, as the real state of the economy can be reflected using the indicators of people’s well-being. Annual global studies are conducted to monitor welfare and quality of life in countries around the world. Different methods are used to measure the quality of life, and they provide an opportunity to explore objective and subjective factors, their impact on the level and quality of life, compare the situation in different countries of the world, identify problems and trends. The urgency of improving the quality of life of the population in Belarus is confirmed by the National Strategy for Sustainable Social and Economic Development of the Republic of Belarus for the period until 2020. The main provisions in this program are: 1) raising the level of the nation’s well-being, overcoming poverty, changing consumption patterns; 2) priority development of health, education, science, culture – the most important spheres of the spiritual life of society, factors of long-term productivity growth, creative activity, and the evolution of the national economy; 3) improving the demographic situation, promoting sustainable development of settlements. In the framework of this program, the priority tasks include, first of all, raising real money incomes and reducing the number of poor people, creating conditions and providing citizens with equal opportunities for material and social well-being, raising the education level index, creating an effective health system and strengthening its capacity. In assessing the quality of life an important task is to form a system of initial indicators. One of the most complete and up-to-date is the system “Basic indicators of the quality of life in the market economy”, developed at the Center for Economic Conjuncture and Forecasting under the Ministry of Economy of the Russian Federation in 1992. This system of indicators was developed by the Ministry of Economy of the Russian Federation and the Goskomstat of Russia, coordinated with the interested ministries and departments, regional administrations and put into operation in 1993.

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The Juvenile Reentry Mentoring Project: Adaptations During COVID-19

Author(s): Anne Hobbs,Marta Dzieniszewska / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2021

Delinquent youths often do not receive the opportunity to be mentored. This is especially true for youths who have committed serious law violations or are detained for multiple law violations. In the United States, youths with the most serious offenses are often committed to detention, or rehabilitation, or treatment centers. Since 2011, the Juvenile Reentry Mentoring Project (JRMP) has matched mentors to youths detained in Nebraska Detention, and Treatment Facilities. The Nebraska Youth Rehabilitation, and Treatment Centers (YRTCs), specifically, are for youths with the highest level of needs and who have exhausted all other programs available in the community. From 2011 through February 2020, the JRMP developed as an evidence informed model for mentoring juveniles with the highest level of need and the most serious law violations. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately impacted youths in detention and treatment centers, and mentoring programs such as the JRMP adapted to continue to meet existing and emerging needs of youths. The aim of this article is to report on the evidence-based development of the JRMP and the adaptations that were necessary for it to continue to operate during COVID-19. We close with recommendations and lessons learned from the pandemic and ways that programs can resist a return to the status quo.

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Proces starzenia się społeczeństw. O potrzebie badań w zakresie (nie)uchronności zmian demograficznych a (nie)trafności polityki społecznej państwa w świetle doświadczeń Japonii, Korei Południowej, Niemiec i Polski

Author(s): Jan Wiktor Tkaczyński,Joanna Marta Guzik,Maciej Pletnia / Language(s): Polish Issue: 75/2021

The existence of a low birth rate has so far frequently been associated with the repercussions of either armed conflicts or epidemics. Economic crises, religious upheavals, cultural changes or industrial revolutions have also been cited as causes, albeit less frequently. The phenomenon of the ageing of societies which we are currently observing, however, has – by all indications – other and not yet fully defined causes. It is therefore worth considering not only why this is happening, but also if the phenomenon stems from the same causes everywhere. It may well be that the phenomenon of ageing societies occurs in various parts of the globe, but this does not prove that it is an automatism, caused by the same combination of factors. Therefore, it is crucial to clarify which of the defined factors play a catalytic role in the process under consideration, and which factors are indifferent or of marginal significance in relation to it, as well as whether it is possible, on the basis of comparative analysis of the cases of the proposed countries, to ascribe universal importance to all of them?

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Housing at Third Age – A Multi-Criterial Proposition

Author(s): Violeta Puşcaşu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

This paper is part of a series of studies aimed at the issue of the third age, while being a continuation of a research published in the PARS journal, in 2017. Compared to the previous approach, this article comes with a set of criteria in terms of the choice of housing at the third age. The approach based mainly on demographic arguments, involves necessarily social, urban and cultural connotations. The structure of the research includes, in the first part, the theoretical approach to housing for the third age as a challenge that will importantly influence the future public policies, and in the second part, a practical analysis, composed of sets of criteria on housing.

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From the history of Podu Iloaiei market town (II)

Author(s): Andrei Melinte / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2021

In the first half of the 19th century, the Principality of Moldavia was going through important economic, social and demographic transformations. These aspects influenced the evolution of the market towns. For this study, I chose one of these settlements, Podu Iloaiei. For a good analysis of the demographic evolution of this market town, the statistics of the first half of the 19th century play a very important role. This paper analyzes the manner in which the demographic transformations influenced the ethnic, social and economic profiles of the inhabitants of the Podu Iloaiei market town.

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Attitudes toward Young and Old People and Their Place in Poland’s Changing Society

Author(s): Renata Siemieńska / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

The goal of the paper is to analyze how members of Polish society perceive young people (around 30 years of age) and old people (over 65), their social and cultural capital, their position in society, and the roles they should play in private and public life before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Polish society is aging and the birth rate is low. Analysis demonstrates that certain opinions about the old and young are common among Polish citizens and the factors that in other countries differentiate opinions in this regard do not do so in Poland. The image of older people is based on stereotypes. Young people in particular believe that seniors should not be active on the labor market or in politics but should provide informal help to the young generation in the private sphere. The young generation is more individualistically oriented, while older people are more concerned with the collective.

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TECHNOLOGY IMPACT ON STUDENT'S GENDER AND AGE FOR REAL-TIME

Author(s): Chaman Verma,Zoltán Illés,Viktoria Bákonyi,Veronika Stoffová / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2021

The evaluation of the student's demographic features towards the institution's technology is challenging. The detailed statistical analysis may lead to a focus on selected human ecology in the institution. The present paper evaluated the technology's impact on students' demographic features (age and gender). The present study was conducted with both differential and inferential analysis using statistical parametric and non-parametric tests. We collected 331 primary samples from two country universities and, considering assumptions (data normality, homogeneity of variance, data independence), each test applied carefully. The evaluation was performed in software IBM SPSS Statistic 25. A self-structure instrument in Google-Form has been designed with focused four major technology parameters as Development, Usability, Benefit, and Attitude. The reliability of the used instrument was tested with Cronbach alpha. The authors applied inferential analysis to explore students' age and gender with technology parameters using the Student T-test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Mann-Whitney test. The reliability of samples was tested with the Cronbach's Alpha test and found acceptable for the examination. The research results may help the university administration understand technology awareness among students based on gender and age. We recommend our proposed significant statistical models to be deployed online on the university website to automate impact estimation to overcome traditional measurement. The paper results are useful to the university administration and technical support department to know the current situations about technology access. The specific group of students may emphasize who found lagged in technology awareness.

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RECENZJE

Author(s): Karina Melnyk,Stefan Strobl,Anna Szargiej / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

Reviews of: 1. H. Robinson, B. MacDonald, E. Broadbent (2014). The Role of Healthcare Robots for Older People at Home: A Review. “International Journal of Social Robotics”, 6: 575–591. Reviewed by Karina Melnyk; 2. J.H. Jönsson (2019). Servants of a ‘Sinking Titanic’ or Actors of Change? Contested Identities of Social Workers in Sweden. “European Journal of Social Work”, 22: 2: 212–224. Reviewed by Stefan Strobl; 3. M. Newcomb, J. Burton, N. Edwards, Z. Hazelwood (2015). How Jung’s Concept of the Wounded Healer Can Guide Learning and Teaching in Social Work and Human Services. “Advances in Social Work & Welfare Education”, 2 (17): 55–69. Reviewed by Anna Szargiej

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THE PETRIĆ AND KALA QUARTS IN SREBRENICA ACCORDING THE MID-19TH CENTURY CENSUS

Author(s): Kemal Nurkić / Language(s): English Issue: 9/2020

The paper gives a detailed 1850/1851 census for the Petrić and Kala quarts, the present day Grad quart in Srebrenica. The data on the number of houses, households, with the number of male members of households are given in it. In addition to theoretical explanation of the aim, method and purpose of the then census, the age of the male members of household, their number, ethnic and religious affiliation, family names, occupation, beard and moustaches color, height and other structural characteristics of the population covered by the census can be found in the paper.

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A contribution to the sociological study of population: Suzana Marković Krstić (2021), Population in the Sociological Context, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Niš, Niš, 331 pp.

Author(s): Nenad M. Stanojević / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 1/2022

The paper presents a review of the textbook Population in the Sociological Context by Professor Suzana Marković Krstić, PhD. At the beginning, the importance of the sociological study of population is indicated, as well as the necessity of multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches in studying this topic. Then the structure of the textbook is given, with the analysis of the key matters of the sociological study of population the author deals with.

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Накъде върви урбанизираната цивилизация през ХХI век: дистопия или утопия?

Author(s): Koichi Tonuma / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 28/2022

The author shares some thoughts on the future of human settlements in the era of a world population of 10 billion. He writes that the era of the classical static city co-mingling with natural ecology gave way to the era of dynapolis, the embodiment of modern civilization. Modern cities are vulnerable to all sorts of potential causes of disaster. The static and stable mosaic of past human settlement patterns has been stirred up globally by various agents of modern civilization. Tonuma speculates on the human settlement pattern of the 21st century city as border-less habitation progresses and in the face of absolute population increase and international cross-border migration. He uses C.A. Doxiadis’s concept of “Ecumenopolis” or “World City” to describe the image of the inevitable form that human settlements on this earth will take in the future. The author says that of we want to imagine a future closer to paradise, not to hell, with population of 10 billion, the people of the 21st century will need to have a particular sort of intelligence, and to discover and invent new styles of living. For that to happen, symbiosis between races must take many forms, and the co-existence of a variety of cultures must be acknowledged.

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Раса, пол и генетични технологии: Нова репродуктивна дистопия?

Author(s): Dorothy E. Roberts / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 28/2022

This article analyzes comparative literature’s institutionalization together with literary theory in Spain. Special attention is paid to the benefits and constraints of this alliance, which is tantamount to a discussion of the new paradigm championed in the 1980s. The paucity of comparative literature’s presence in theoretical research is identified as a sign of literary theory’s Euro-American orientation. In recent years companies that market race‐based biotechnologies have promised to extend the benefits of genetic research to people of color, and media promoting genetic technologies have prominently featured their images. At the same time, the important role of genetic screening that makes individual citizens responsible for ensuring good health by reducing genetic risk may support the wider incorporation of genetic technologies into the neoliberal health care system. The author argues, therefore, that we need a new reproductive dystopia that accounts for the changing political context of reproduction. Thе article critically explores the role of race and racism in the emergence of reproductive technologies that incorporate advances in genetic science and considers the implications of including women of color in the market for reprogenetic technologies, particularly when this is done with the expectation that women will use these technologies to manage genetic risk. In investigating these issues, the author aims to shed light on the critical relationship between racism, neoliberalism, and reproduction.

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FRANJO TUĐMAN AND DEMOGRAPHIC REVITALIZATION / SUSTAINABILITY OF CROATIA

Author(s): Dražen Živić / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

According to a number of relevant demographic and statistical indicators, Croatia is in a deep demographic crisis in all aspects of demographic dynamics and structural-demographic development. Total depopulation, natural decline, negative migration balance, demographic aging, and spatial polarization of the population – are fundamental long-term and current demographic trends and processes that, thanks to available data from census, vital and migration statistics can be monitored almost continuously from the middle of last century until today. The current demographic picture of Croatia is marked by natural and mechanical population losses, which means more deaths from birth and more emigration than immigration, with significantly disturbed relations between large (functional) age groups that threaten further collapse of bio reproductive potential and economic activity of the population. Croatian demographers warned of this circumstance during socialist Yugoslavia, especially after reaching independence in 1991. In their research, they were especially committed to the design and implementation of active and stimulating population policies, which had a certain impact in the formation of some decisions and documents of Croatian state policy during the 1990s. In this sense, it is scientifically relevant to valorize Dr. Tuđman’s attitude towards Croatian demographic issues, because demographic challenges have been and still are in significant discrepancy with socially desirable demographic processes and trends as key factors in the development and progress of the Croatian state and society, especially from 1991 and onwards. Therefore, in the context of Tuđman’s work as a politician (president of the Croatian Democratic Union from 1989 to 1999) and statesman (president of the Republic of Croatia from 1990 to 1999), but also as a scientist and public figure (director of the Institute for the History of the Labor Movement from 1961 to 1967) it is useful to investigate whether and to what extent there is a consistent attitude towards the demographic situation and problems of Croatia and, accordingly, whether we find the issue of Croatian demography at the center or on the margins of interest in his public work.

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Child Poverty in Sumatra in 2017 and 2019: The Multidimensional Overlapping Deprivation Analysis (MODA) Approach

Author(s): Iffah Atqa,Azwardi Azwardi,Sukanto Sukanto / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

Introduction. Poverty is more multidimensional, but monetary-based method measures are merely one-dimensional. The multidimensional approach is more reliable for describing and analyzing children's poverty. This study only focused on ten provinces in Sumatra out of 34 provinces in Indonesia. There are five major dimensions of indicators which are housing, facilities, food and nutrition, education, child protection, and health. Purposes. This study uses Multidimensional Overlapping Deprivation Analysis (MODA) Approach on Alkire-Foster Method as a measuring tool for analyzing children's poverty in Sumatra in 2017 and 2019. Results The number of 0-4 year-old-deprived children was decreasing for most dimensions in 2019, compared to 2017, except child protection dimension and the number of 5-17 years-old-deprived children was decreasing for most dimensions, except health dimension. 2) The condition of the Child Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) become better in 2019. 3) Education was the most contributed dimension to child multidimensional poverty in Sumatra for 2017, while health dimension for 2019. 4) North Sumatra was the first highest score of Child MPI, headcount ratio, and intensity of poverty. 5) Bengkulu and Lampung were the provinces in 2017 and 2019 experiencing both monetary poverty and child multidimensional poverty above Indonesia’s poverty rate and Child MPI in Sumatra.

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Historical Demography and Anthroponymy in the Settlements of the Bistra Valley (Bihor County), in the Urbarial Conscriptions from 1770

Author(s): Cosmin Patca,Sorin Șipoș,Laura Otilia Ardeleanu / Language(s): English Issue: Suppl. 1/2021

The settlements of the Bistra Valley represent a multi-ethnic and multi-denominational space. The Austro-Turkish military conflicts of the late 17th century caused great destruction and significant population displacement. The second half of the 18th century saw unprecedented population growth. The analysis of local anthroponymy based on urbarial conscriptions, in combination with other sources specific to the eighteenth century, highlights the evolution of the population, aspects pertaining to the ethnic and religious structure in the villages of the Bistra Valley at the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Modern Age.

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Determinants of Unemployment Status. Indicating College Majors that Reduces the Unemployment Status in Lebanon

Author(s): Izdehar Halabi,Jana Kourani / Language(s): English Issue: 75/2022

Unemployment status is considered one of the divisive economic issues. This paper aims to examine the factors such as age, gender, geographical area, educational level, college major and work experience that affect unemployment status in Lebanon. As well as predicting college majors that reduce unemployment in Lebanon. Using the survey method to collect data. This study found that individuals with higher educational levels and higher work experience are set to have higher chances to be employed. Another finding is that males have more opportunities to get hired. With respect to the geographical area, citizens that live in the capital Beirut, have more chances to enter the labor market. Individuals between the age of 24 and 37 have higher chances to get recruited. By studying the college majors, this study found that individuals that have business management, computer science, art, health, nursing, nutrition and psychology as a college major could guarantee a job opportunity more than individuals with other majors. The findings would help students in choosing a college major that helps them find a job opportunity after graduating.

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