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Sylwetka społeczno-demograficzna osób żyjących w pojedynkę - raport z badań nad fenomenem singli.

Author(s): Małgorzata Such-Pyrgiel / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2013

In modern sociology of family singles, defined as people who have no life partners, are more and more present topic in sociology of modern family. On the one hand this lifestyle is declared as an alternative to marriage, it is also recognized as a danger to present, widely spread, traditional status quo, that was and still is setting up families. On the other hand singles are treated as a huge social category, leading its own lifestyle, having the same or similar values, singles very often start their own initiatives not only in internet but also and maybe mainly in real life. This group is also dedicated more and more products and services because of the fact that singles have a great purchase potential. Herewith article, reporting the research is a description of main targets and research methods, procedures, general results and conclusions about the research led on singles and their lifestyles. This research are described in a very detailed way in my PHD work where the phenomenon of singles was mainly considered from the point of view presented in the light of economic theory of human behavior by Garry Stanley Becker.

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The onset of criminal careers of organized crime offenders in Poland: the relationship between age and crime

Author(s): Edyta Sokalska,Monika Kotowska / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

Objectives:The article analyses the influence of the age of organized crime offenders on the committed crimes. The members of organized criminal groups in Poland are taken into closer consideration. The central research questions are: Which crimes are typical for the onset of the members of organized criminal groups in Poland? How old are the Polish members of organized criminal groups at the time of the onset of their criminal careers? Does the age of a person at the beginning of a criminal career influence the type of the first committed offence? Which circumstances in the respondents’ opinion had an impact on the onset of a criminal career at the particular stage of their life?Material and methods:In this particular study statistical analysis and legal methods (including formal legal method) were applied to approach the raised questions and to formulate conclusions. The study is based on the own research, where the research sample was to allow both qualitative and quantitative research.Results:The own research confirmed that in Poland the onset of a criminal career of organized crime offenders is different from the onset of a criminal career of high-volume crime offenders. The motivation, circumstances of the onset of criminal activities, and the profile of criminal actions change and develop in accordance with the age. Findings suggest that the older was a criminal who was breaking the law for the first time, the more thoughtful and rational - at a given stage of life - was the choice.Conclusions:From the perspective of developmental criminology, the influence of the life-course on crime is one of the most important issues. The research results concerning the organized criminal offenders indicate that the analyses of criminal careers not only young but also experienced older offenders are very beneficial.

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Multitasking among modern digital generations Y and Z

Author(s): Barbara Gawda,Adrian Korniluk / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

Objectives:The paper aimed to examine potential differences in attention and alternating capacities between two modern digital generations, i.e., Y and Z. Although these generations are described as different, generation Z is thought ro be multitasking, there is a lack of scientific research documenting these dissimilarities.Material and methods:The study involved a group of 408 participants (202 representing generation Y, and 206 representing generation Z). The experiment consisted of two parts, i.e., tasks measuring target detection attention capacities and alternating attention tasks.Results:Surprisingly, the results showed there are no significant differences in attentional capacities between these two modern digital generations. Generation Z is not more multitasking than generation Y.Conclusions:The similarities between these two generations raise questions about the philosophy of the concept of generations and about scientific evidence supporting the ideas of differentiation of generations. Our results are consistent with opinions concerning heterogeneity of IT/technological capacities among modern digital generations. The cognitive capacities of both generations are similar which was explained in line with critical opinions related to the philosophy and essence of the concept of generation differentiation.

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ACCELERATORS AND RESTRICTORS OF MADE-IN-CHINA COVID-19 VACCINE ACCEPTANCY

Author(s): Fatima TAYYBA,Tahir M. AWAN,Muhammad Kamran,RUQIA KHAN / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

This study is aimed to investigate the COVID-19 vaccine acceptancy among public, along with measuring the underlining role played by the made-in-china perception and vaccination effectiveness towards vaccination acceptance. It undertakes corona fear as a potential moderator to accelerate vaccine acceptance. Moreover, it highlights the impact of different demographic variables, including age, gender, and education on the perception towards the vaccine acceptance. A cross-sectional study was conducted that relied upon convenient and purposive sampling. Data was collected through online survey method predominantly in top-tier cities of Pakistan during the initial vaccination phase. The data was analyzed through 2-stage approach by employing Structural Equation Modeling in smart PLS 3.0. Importance Performance Map Analysis was performed to analyses the impact posed by demographic factors over the vaccine acceptance. The results confirm the validity and reliability of data that was evaluated through VIF scores, HTMT ratio, CR, Cronbach’s alpha, and AVE. The outcomes indicate that vaccine effectiveness and made in china perception significantly affect the vaccination acceptance whereas, corona fear accelerates vaccination acceptance. The study contributes to the current literature stream by bridging the gap between made-in-China perception and vaccine acceptance. It provides new research dilemma to study the role of demographics in depth. Consequently, the study provides a guideline for policy makers to formulate awareness strategies to neglect the negative perception and convince people towards getting vaccinated.

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VALIDATION AND PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE POLISH VERSION OF THE FEAR OF COVID-19 SCALE AMONG ADOLESCENTS

Author(s): Agnieszka Lewicka-Zelent,Wojciech Czerski / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

Objectives: Coronavirus leads to multiple tragic consequences not only in the dimension of people’s physical functioning, but also in the psychological dimension. Due to the increased risk of morbidity among the older people, the researchers put the emphasis on the elderly. Nonetheless, it is unacceptable to disregard it in the group of young people who become ill with it and observe its consequences with respect to their close relatives. Accordingly, it is so important to undertake studies pertaining to mental health of children and that of youth during the pandemic. Prior to initiating the research, the adequate selection of research tools of high psychometric properties should be made. Material and methods: Our objective was to adapt the Fear of COVID-19 Scale to Polish conditions. The study involved 380 randomly selected students aged 14-18 who were placed under the several months’ national quarantine, i.e. they were taught online without the direct contact with peers. Results: The obtained data point to a low intensity of the fear of coronavirus, but the moderate intensity of: satisfaction with life, depression symptoms, state anxiety. Moreover, the confirmation has been provided of high psychometric properties of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale in the Polish version. Conclusions: The adapted scale can be successfully used in the comparative studies of the youth in Poland and in other countries (thanks to different linguistic versions of the scale) for the preventive and therapeutic measures.

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A belső migráció hatása az etnikai szerkezet átalakulására Dél-Szlovákiában

Author(s): Lóránt Pregi / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 3/2023

The paper focuses on the assessment of the impact of internal migration of the population, especially the suburbanization on the changes in population structure by ethnicity in Southern Slovakia between 1991 and 2021. Since the 1991 census, the number of people who declared Hungarian nationality has fallen from 567,296 by almost 145,000 to 422,065 in 2021. The significant decline in the share and number of the ethnically Hungarian population is mainly attributed to three population processes – international migration, natural reproduction, and assimilation. The results of the research indicate that internal migration also plays an increasingly important role in the change of the ethnic structure. The graphic and cartographic visualization show the decline of ethnically Hungarian population and the transformation of the Slovak-Hungarian ethnic boundary. The ethnic boundary constantly widened towards the south at the expense of the Hungarian homogeneous area, as a result of which the number of settlements with a Hungarian majority is also decreasing significantly. The proportion of the ethnically Hungarian population is declining, especially in the Bratislava agglomeration and in the settlements of Western Slovakia, where the gain from migration is increasingly significance in this developmen.

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Intelligent Characteristics of Potential Microbial Life During the LHB

Author(s): Ian von Hegner / Language(s): English Issue: 32/2024

The ‘disparitas conjecture’ states that unicellular life is common in the galaxy but that multicellular life is rare in comparison. A variation of this conjecture is that unicellular life may be common in the galaxy but that intelligent life is rare. However, microbial life can and does indeed display characteristics of intelligence. Thus, in this work, how life could have potentially endured through the Late Heavy Bombardment (LHB) through intelligent strategies such as decision-making, association and anticipation, communication and self-awareness was investigated. At the LHB, there would have been, for microbial life, an unpredictable environmental fluctuation regarding pools of amino acids, lipids and fluids available when impacts and reimpacts launched organisms into new habitats. Thus, evolutionary strategies must have been favoured that could stretch the available external and internal resources as long and as efficiently as possible. Thus, inclusive fitness or kin altruism could have emerged, where organisms adapt to acquire energy and nutrients from siblings who voluntarily autolysed to replenish the amino acid pool for their kin. A further strategy could also evolve where members of the same species can recognize each other and actively isolate themselves from other species, which allows them to better utilize the amino acid pool. Thus, the organisms will potentially be able to survive for a long time in this manner until new impacts launch them to new spots with amino acid pools. There has thus been an alternating increase and decrease in the number of organisms during this localized planetary reseeding, and life may have endured this way until the bombardments were over. Thus, if a world inhabited only by analogous bacteria, archaea and protists is located elsewhere in the galaxy, the existence of intelligent life there cannot be excluded.

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The Potential of the Socio-Demographic Profile of the Visitor in the Museum's Product Strategy

Author(s): Michal Lukáč,Dagmar CAGÁŇOVÁ,Daniela Matusikova,Ján Ganobčík,Juraj LITOMERICKÝ / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2024

One of the types of cultural sector institutions with a solid potential to use modern management methods are organisations dealing with cultural heritage management, such as castle museums. Today, however, these cathedrals of cultural tourism have to face the pressures of economic and social change to build public authority and recognition, but most importantly, to create interest and an attractive offer for their existing audiences and a hitherto unreached public. The present article aims to develop a systematic review of empirical experiences in the socio-demographic profile of visitors to selected castle museums, to identify untapped potential in the segmentation of museum audiences and to derive propositions for individual solutions aimed at increasing the attendance of selected castle museums. We used a triplet of separated Chi-square tests for each period to identify the socio-demographic profile. Non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) was used to test for differences in ordinal variables (age and education of visitors). In addition to the individual results for each single museum partially, we can identify through the most frequent, most represented and periodically repeated responses the typical visitor profile of the Castle Castle Museums as follows: female, 31 – 45 years old, secondary education with a high school diploma, working as an executive secondary educated professional employee. Such findings could be helpful in the future when creating so-called tailor-made products for the visitor.

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Labor Participation and Subjective Well-being of Older Adult: A Systematic Literature Review

Author(s): Li Xia,Noradilah Md Nordin / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2024

The consequence of the rapid aging population has received widespread attention globally. Recently, much attention has been given to the active aging population that exists in the elderly population who are currently working or employed. Therefore, this systematic literature review (SLR) investigates the empirical evidence on the association of older adults' labor participation and subjective wellbeing. Specifically, two main objectives of this study i.e., examine relationship between labor participation and subjective well-being, and other factors affecting older adults' subjective well-being. We used the PRISMA systematic literature review protocol and searched from two databases (i.e., Scopus and Web of Science) in March 2024. Fourteen studies were included in this SLR. Five studies assessed the effect of personal attributes such gender, income, media use, and marital status on older adults' subjective well-being and eleven articles assessed the increase of labor participation/social participation on subjective well-being of older adults. Two of the articles simultaneously assessed the impact of personal attributes and labor participation/social participation on subjective well-being. The reported findings were classified into personal attributes, labor participation, and subjective well-being. The results of the study show that most researchers believe that older adults' labor participation/social participation and personal attributes are highly correlated with older adults' subjective well-being.

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Spatial Variation of the Demographic Characteristics of Rural Women in Saqlawiyah District in 2022

Author(s): Buthaina Rahim Shawkat Al-Mohammadi,Sahar Abdul Hadi Hussein Al-Sharifi,Rahim Muhammad Abd Zaid Al-Abdali / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2024

The spatial variation in the demographic characteristics of rural women in the Saqlawiyah district for this research is an essential step for planning and social and economic development processes and for determining human needs and requirements in the present and future. Population characteristics include demographic, social, and financial data in a specific period, and studying them is of great importance in clarifying the demographic features that characterize women, determining the geographical components and the extent of their impact on the demographic characteristics of rural women, identifying the spatial and temporal distribution of the size and rate of population growth of rural women, recognizing the problems they suffer from, and finding solutions. In order to achieve these goals, attention must be given to girls’ education by building more schools in rural areas, as well as paying attention to their health, providing care and watchfulness for the mother, achieving justice and equality in the distribution of job opportunities and wages, protecting women from domestic violence, and imposing strict laws against anyone does this to a woman.

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Flexibilities and Constraints – Confessionalism and the New Communities in Lebanon

Author(s): Natalia Bahlawan / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2023

The paper analyses the Lebanese political system called Lebanese consociationalism (confessionalism) focusing on its dynamics and reaction to social changes, particularly demographic. Scholarly literature defines the system as a power-sharing model, a set of political tools implemented to contain challenges arising from ethno-religious pluralism of a society. Important section of the theory is dedicated to conditions that impact dynamics of these systems and decide about its reaction towards challenges, in consequence impacting their stability, durability and success. The following paper joins discussion about Lebanese confessionalism and its reaction towards challenges, especially those posed by changing demographic composition. The paper refers first to the case of the Armenian community in Lebanon and their successful integration into the system also labelled as „lebanonization” as a significant example of the system’s dynamics. As contrasting case the paper also recalls the case of total systemic rejection and marginalization of a community – the Palestinians who came to Lebanon after 1948. The aim is to point at the conditions influencing the system’s divergent responses and operation in the context of dealing with the new communities.

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Virtual Medical and Human-Computer Interaction Technologies, Multidimensional Big Clinical and Biological Data, and Extended Digital Twin-based Medical Condition Diagnosis in the Healthcare Metaverse

Author(s): Juraj Cug,Gheorghe-Cătălin Popescu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

This paper provides a systematic literature review of studies investigating digital twin smart healthcare systems pivotal in remote patient monitoring by health issue and medical data sharing, consultation and diagnostic accuracy, and operating room availability detection. The analysis highlights that clinical decision support and metaverse-based healthcare systems can improve patient care and experience by medical record tracking and sharing in computer-based virtual patient environments. Throughout January 2023, a quantitative literature review of the Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases was performed, with search terms including “the healthcare metaverse” + “virtual medical and human‒computer interaction technologies,” “multidimensional big clinical and biological data,” and “extended digital twin-based medical condition diagnosis.” As research published between 2022 and 2023 was inspected, only 166 articles satisfied the eligibility criteria, and 19 mainly empirical sources were selected. Data visualization tools: Dimensions (bibliometric mapping) and VOSviewer (layout algorithms). Reporting quality assessment tool: PRISMA. Methodological quality assessment tools include: AMSTAR, Distiller SR, MMAT, and ROBIS.

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Computational Modeling Prediction-based Health Recovery Adjustment, Wearable Sensor-based Healthcare System Performance Accuracy, and Virtual Haptic Perception and Biomedical Imaging Technologies across Metaverse Clinical Settings and Internet of...

Author(s): Michael Walsh / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Based on an in-depth survey of the literature, the purpose of the paper is to explore immersive clinical care, disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, and physiological and psychological outcomes by augmented reality-based surgical procedures in the healthcare metaverse. Throughout January 2023, a quantitative literature review of the Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases was performed, with search terms including “metaverse clinical settings and Internet of Things digital twin simulation environments” + “computational modeling prediction-based health recovery adjustment,” “wearable sensor-based healthcare system performance accuracy,” and “virtual haptic perception and biomedical imaging technologies.” As research published between 2022 and 2023 was inspected, only 164 articles satisfied the eligibility criteria, and 22 mainly empirical sources were selected. Data visualization tools: Dimensions (bibliometric mapping) and VOSviewer (layout algorithms). Reporting quality assessment tool: PRISMA. Methodological quality assessment tools include: AMSTAR, Dedoose, Distiller SR, and SRDR.

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Internet of Things- and Big Data-based Smart Healthcare Technologies, Digital Twin-based Multiple Vital Parameter Evaluations, and 3D Virtual Disease Prevention Management Simulations in Metaverse-based Medical Service Delivery

Author(s): Florian Kevicky,Vlad-Andrei Porojan / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The present study systematically reviews the existing research on customized healthcare treatment and services, immersive personalized patient care, and ambient patient tracking in virtual clinics. The findings indicate that extended reality and medical simulation technologies can configure virtual reality-based surgical operations in immersive metaverse environments. Throughout February 2023, a quantitative literature review of the Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases was performed, with search terms including “metaverse-based medical service delivery” + “Internet of Things- and big data-based smart healthcare technologies,” “digital twin-based multiple vital parameter evaluations,” and “3D virtual disease prevention management simulations.” As research published between 2022 and 2023 was inspected, only 159 articles satisfied the eligibility criteria, and 22 mainly empirical sources were selected. Data visualization tools: Dimensions (bibliometric mapping) and VOSviewer (layout algorithms). Reporting quality assessment tool: PRISMA. Methodological quality assessment tools include: AMSTAR, Dedoose, Distiller SR, and SRDR.

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Metaverse-based Healthcare and Physiological Response Monitoring Systems, Deep and Machine Learning-based Medical Imaging Data, and Wearable Biomedical Sensors in Virtual Healthcare Environments

Author(s): Aurel Pera / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

In this article, previous research findings were cumulated, indicating that Internet of Things-based healthcare systems can enable virtual reality therapies by integrating metaverse healthcare data and devices for personalized healthcare delivery and experiences in terms of patient monitoring and medical diagnosis. The contribution to the literature on metaverse-based healthcare and physiological response monitoring systems is by showing that clinical machine learning algorithms can configure personalized diagnosis and care in healthcare metaverse services. Throughout January 2023, a quantitative literature review of the Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases was performed, with search terms including “virtual healthcare environments” + “metaverse-based healthcare and physiological response monitoring systems,” “deep and machine learning-based medical imaging data,” and “wearable biomedical sensors.” As research published between 2022 and 2023 was inspected, only 163 articles satisfied the eligibility criteria, and 19 mainly empirical sources were selected. Data visualization tools: Dimensions (bibliometric mapping) and VOSviewer (layout algorithms). Reporting quality assessment tool: PRISMA. Methodological quality assessment tools include: AXIS, Dedoose, ROBIS, and SRDR.

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Multimodal Deep Learning-based Medical Emergency Management, Wearable Device-based Physiological Data Examination, and Metaverse-based Medical Imaging and Extended Reality Technologies for Digital Twin-based Clinical Treatments in Decentralized 3D...

Author(s): Mary Rowland / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

This article reviews and advances existing literature concerning personalized medical care and multiple patient attribute analysis and diagnosis. In this research, previous findings were cumulated showing that metaverse and extended reality technologies can be harnessed by use of accurate and personalized digital patient diagnosis based on medical data in 3D medical treatment management, and the contribution to the literature is by indicating that metaverse and blockchain technologies can assist healthcare metaverse services and immersive medical procedures and interventions with regard to multifaceted health conditions in immersive medical simulation environments. Throughout February 2023, a quantitative literature review of the Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases was performed, with search terms including “digital twin-based clinical treatments in decentralized 3D virtual reality environments” + “multimodal deep learning-based medical emergency management,” “wearable device-based physiological data examination,” and “metaverse-based medical imaging and extended reality technologies.” As research published between 2022 and 2023 was inspected, only 162 articles satisfied the eligibility criteria, and 21 mainly empirical sources were selected. Data visualization tools: Dimensions (bibliometric mapping) and VOSviewer (layout algorithms). Reporting quality assessment tool: PRISMA. Methodological quality assessment tools include: AXIS, MMAT, ROBIS, and SRDR.

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Patient-centered Smart Healthcare and Medical Service Systems, Augmented and Virtual Reality-based Remote Patient Monitoring and Individualized Treatments, and Medical and Metaverse Operating System Technologies in 3D Internet of Things Healthcare...

Author(s): Anca-Ștefania Întorsureanu,Pavol Kubala / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

The objective of this paper is to systematically review medical and metaverse operating system technologies deployed by use of 3D anatomical images of the human body structure in virtual environments. The findings and analyses highlight that metaverse healthcare data and systems can be harnessed for optimized remote patient monitoring and long-term digital health data management in cloud computing environments. Throughout June 2023, a quantitative literature review of the Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases was performed, with search terms including “3D Internet of Things healthcare and virtual clinical settings” + “patient-centered smart healthcare and medical service systems,” “augmented and virtual reality-based remote patient monitoring and individualized treatments,” and “medical and metaverse operating system technologies.” As research published between 2022 and 2023 was inspected, only 161 articles satisfied the eligibility criteria, and 22 mainly empirical sources were selected. Data visualization tools: Dimensions (bibliometric mapping) and VOSviewer (layout algorithms). Reporting quality assessment tool: PRISMA. Methodological quality assessment tools include: AMSTAR, Dedoose, Distiller SR, and SRDR.

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Extended Reality-based Immersive and Interactive Diagnostics, Internet of Things Patient Health Monitoring and Condition Assessment, and Augmented Reality-based Medical Procedures and Surgical Operations in Human-Computer Interaction-enabled...

Author(s): Sofia Bratu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

This paper draws on a substantial body of theoretical and empirical research on metaverse-based human–machine interface and digital twin technologies improving patient outcomes in augmented reality technology-based medical procedures and surgical operations. In this research, prior findings were cumulated indicating that immersive holographic simulations, digital twin and blockchain technologies, and metaverse healthcare systems can optimize access to care and patient outcomes, minimally invasive robotic surgery, and virtual reality-assisted therapy. A quantitative literature review of ProQuest, Scopus, and the Web of Science was carried out throughout August 2023, with search terms including “human‒computer interaction-enabled healthcare metaverse” + “extended reality-based immersive and interactive diagnostics,” “Internet of Things patient health monitoring and condition assessment,” and “augmented reality-based medical procedures and surgical operations.” As research published between 2022 and 2023 was inspected, only 155 articles satisfied the eligibility criteria, and 20 mainly empirical sources were selected. Data visualization tools: Dimensions (bibliometric mapping) and VOSviewer (layout algorithms). Reporting quality assessment tool: PRISMA. Methodological quality assessment tools include: AMSTAR, Distiller SR, ROBIS, and SRDR.

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Clinical Artificial Intelligence and Healthcare Metaverse Systems, Wearable Healthcare and Medical Imaging Technologies, and Internet of Things-based Therapeutic Intervention Optimization Assisting Medical Patient Data Processing and Diagnosis...

Author(s): Katarina Frajtova Michalikova,Aurelia Preda / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

In this research, previous findings were cumulated showing that digital twin and blockchain technologies, cloud computing-based medical data analysis, and remote medical management are pivotal in the Internet of Things healthcare metaverse. Throughout August 2023, a quantitative literature review of the Web of Science, Scopus, and ProQuest databases was performed, with search terms including “medical patient data processing and diagnosis decision augmentation-based treatment planning” + “clinical artificial intelligence and healthcare metaverse systems,” “wearable healthcare and medical imaging technologies,” and “Internet of Things-based therapeutic intervention optimization.” As research published between 2022 and 2023 was inspected, only 160 articles satisfied the eligibility criteria, and 21 mainly empirical sources were selected. Data visualization tools: Dimensions (bibliometric mapping) and VOSviewer (layout algorithms). Reporting quality assessment tool: PRISMA. Methodological quality assessment tools include: AMSTAR, Dedoose, Distiller SR, and SRDR.

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Kontrowersje wokół instynktu macierzyńskiego wobec spadającej dzietności i aktywności seksualnej

Author(s): Janusz Andrzej Majcherek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 72/2024

The decline in fertility and sexual activity in many modern countries and societies creates a new per-spective for considering the controversy over the concept of maternal instinct. Extensive data showsthat many young people prefer other forms of life activity than sexual and parenting. This does notmean that the maternal instinct does not exist and is merely a social construct, but it does indicate thatits influence on women’s behavior is not as significant as is claimed by the proponents of the natura-lized approach, who treat sexual needs and reproductive goals as the main human motivations. Thismeans that the socio-cultural evolution produces and offers many different forms of human actuali-zation, in the face of which the natural forms of humanity, including sexual and parental, lose theirimportance. Culture turns out to be stronger than nature in this respect, but in a different way thancritics of paternalism, masculinism, and misogyny claim.

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