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U okviru projekta «Evropa u mom gradu», sprovedeno je terensko istraživanje metodom «licem u lice» u devet crnogorskih opština, u periodu jul /avgust 2011, osim u opštinama Budva i Cetinje u kojima je to učinjeno u periodu avgust/septembar.
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Nakon sprovedenog terenskog istraživanja, organizovano je i devet fokus grupa - u Herceg Novom, Budvi, Ulcinju, Cetinju, Podgorici, Nikšiću, Kolašinu, Bijelom Polju i Pljevljima - radi dublje analize i provjere podataka dobijenih terenskim istraživanjem. Fokus diskusije trajale su, u prosjeku, od 1h do 2h, u prostorijama koje su za ovu priliku bile posebno iznajmljene, a vodio ih je moderator, koristeći se standardizovanim vodičem, uz uzimanje bilješki od strane asistenta.
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Naša tema su posljedice proširenja EU na zapadni Balkan, a djelimično ćemo obuhvatiti i politiku EU prema novim susjedima. Naime, nakon proširenja, EU je dobila nove susjede i ti susjedi nijesu nimalo beznačajni. Politika novog susjedstva obuhvata Ukrajinu, Moldaviju, Rusiju i Bjelorusiju, a u najnovijim programima proteže se i na mediteranske zemlje sjeverne Afrike, koje su pomorski susjed EU i prema kojima je do sada vođena ’mediteranska politika’. Zapravo, mi danas imamo jedan panevropski okvir razmišljanja o budućnosti EU i to je tema kojom ćemo se baviti.
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BGD is a new paradigm for the planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance of urban water systems (blue component) and the green urban areas (green component - green infrastructure) as a synergy network, rather than as separate systems. It encourages effective solutions to improve the quality of urban life and adaptation to climate change. Innovative methodology in refreshing existing and planning new urban areas is developed and implemented by EIT (European Institute of Innovation and Technology), through its “climate” program KIC (Knowledge Innovative Communities), coordinated by the first author. The combined effects of climate change and increasing urbanization require skillful planning and remodeling of existing urban centers. BGD offers a way for the development, testing and implementation of solutions that connect science and innovation with broader development. The project opens many doors for regional and international cooperation, through a network of centers in Europe and the world, for the purpose of exchanging knowledge and experiences.
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This paper analyzes the city of Sarajevo as the focal point of the development of spatial planning. Thanks to its functions, the city of Sarajevo has, as often stressed, a focal significance in spatial planning. With the development of different branches of production activities, primarily industry and the production of handicrafts, cities organize the production of a variety of goods, not only within their borders but also in the wider surrounding area. A city is a specific form of human population whose size maintains the meaning of its functions in the area. In accordance with the socio-economic and other factors of development, the forms and dynamics of spatial planning of cities are different. In the city of Sarajevo, there are all the basic functions of human life (living in the community, working, supplying oneself, educating oneself, having leisure activities, and transport and communications) which affects the rapid changes in the appearance, structure and functions of spatial components. Based on the above facts, it can be seen that the area of influence of the city of Sarajevo can be differentiated into zones of varying degrees of socio-economic transformation and zones of functional connections with the city. This question is given a high priority in the world, as evidenced by the large number of scientific papers. In this paper, the attention will be devoted to the development as the focal point of regional planning of Sarajevo and its surroundings. Spatial planning is one of the most important contemporary features of the world. Space management makes it an essential element of rational and humane use of space and organization of vital functions, adjusting the planning with technical and technological development as a phenomenon of our times and the necessities of life of the population. Spatial planning is carried out on the basis of spatial and urban planning. This kind of spatial planning is the result of pronounced differences in development and lifestyle between cities and villages, hence there is the intense migration of population from rural areas to the city of Sarajevo. The increase in urban population ranges mostly within the dynamics of growth of the total population. The focus of spatial planning in terms of concentration of population, jobs and housing developments is moved to the edges and the suburban areas of Sarajevo. There also occur changes in the structure of population and degree of urbanization of Sarajevo from year to year. This primarily relates to the separation of urban settlements. It was therefore necessary to allocate these places according to the model which gives a more realistic picture of the number of urban settlements and the share of the urban population.
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This analysis is to explain the effects of urbanization processes that took place in 1990 in some countries of Southeast Europe. Namely, it is necessary to examine whether the position of capitals in emerging countries has changed in comparison to the time when these cities were the “first” cities - the largest cities and administrative centers of individual republics within Yugoslavia. The analysis will be conducted at several cross sections: 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981, 1990, 2011 and 2013, depending on the availability of data. The analysis is done in a way that the population of the first and the second city is placed in relation to the population of each of the six former republics, ie. present time states. Results obtained by extrapolation of census results made in Socialist Federative Republic of Yugoslavia in the period from 1953 to 1991, and the censuses done in 2003, 2011 and 2013, will be compared to empirical checks for some European cities and cities in developing countries (Todaro and Smith, 2006: 308), with the aim of establishing harmonization. For the purposes of this paper, analysis covered the issue of unemployment, or whether the observed cities faced the problem of urban unemployment.
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Kragujevac economy is mainly based on metal-processing complex, and within it, the production of transport equipment and weapons. Loss of markets and cooperative relationship following the dissolution of the former SFRY in 1991 and the UN embargo in 1992, and the bombing of significant facilities in the business system “Zastava” in 1999, caused a negative impact on the socio-economic development of the city. In addition to the technological lag behind developed countries, the city was faced with the problem of unemployment, so that in June 2004 it was named one of 13 devastated areas in Serbia. After that, the city is making significant progress in economic development through the creation of a favourable business environment (adopted Local Economic Development Strategy 2007– 2012, based on modern standards and defined set of stimulus measures for investors in productive activities; infrastructure supplied to industrial zone, support for self-employment and other), which resulted in bringing significant companies (“Fiat”, “Sigit”, “HTL”, “Promo Magnieti”, “Johnson Controls”, “TPV”, “Metro”, “Mercator”, “Idea”, “DIS”, “Plaza”, “Supernova”, “TUŠ” and others) and promoting economic activity in the city. The creation of the joint venture “Fiat Automobiles Serbia” created the opportunity, together with local cooperation, to gradually start the engine of development, not only of the city but of the whole of Serbia. These results influenced the fact that in 2007, before the arrival of “Fiat”, Kragujevac gained recognition of Club of Business Journalists: “City of the Future” Silver Cup. In 2008 the city was awarded the Golden Cup “City of the Future” and certification as a city with a favourable business environment, which was awarded by the National Alliance for Local Economic Development (NALED) and the Ministry of Economy and Regional Development. Important economic development objectives of the city of Kragujevac include the following: infrastructure improvements; economic development and entrepreneurship; environment; rural development; improvement of health and social care; promotion of education and culture; development of sport and tourism.
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Every nation has its own distinctive character. Sometimes we take the complexity of explaining and understanding the characteristics of other nations and ethnic groups too lightly. Knowledge and competence equalize differences between groups and increase young people’s opportunities to choose career and achieve quality of life (Giota, 2014). Without knowledge, we find it harder to relate to the world around us, and our positions on various issues may appear vague and ambiguous. Categorizations and preconceptions lead to prejudice and widening gaps between people. One way to define equality is people’s right to education.
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Hver nasjon har sin egenart. Noen ganger virker det som om vi undervurderer hvor komplekst det er å forklare og forstå det som kjennetegner andre nasjoner og folkegrupper. Kunnskap og kompetanse utjevner forskjeller mellom ulike grupper og øker de unges muligheter til å velge yrke og oppnå livskvalitet (Giota, 2014). Uten kunnskap har vi vanskeligere for å forholde oss til omverdenen, og standpunktene våre i ulike spørsmål blir vage og tvetydige. Kategoriseringer og forutinntatte meninger fører til fordommer og økt avstand mellom mennesker. Én måte å definere likeverd på er menneskers rett til utdanning.
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Fires and accidents during shipyard repairs are often accompanied by the dumping of individual crew members or workers overboard and many casualties. There are many examples in the literature of fires that occurred in ships during repairs. The extinguishing of fires in the ships located in the port of the berth until the arrival of the bodies of the General Directorate for the Prevention of Corruption shall be supervised by the master of the ship. Upon the arrival of the coastal fire services, the fire-fighting management of the captain passed to the senior chief of the General Directorate of Firefighting and he became the head of operational operations. A firefighting headquarters shall be set up and must include the master of the ship or his first assistant and a representative of the ship repair port.
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The methods and actions that the fire services must follow in order to deal with cases of burning electric cars are discussed. Algorithms are set out to be followed by firefighters and what equipment they will need. A manual for firefighters to deal with a burning electric car in a traffic accident has been prepared.
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Gökçeada Lagoon is located in the southeast of Gökçeada, the largest island of Turkey. The lake, which is also called Aydıncık Lake or Salt Lake, showing the characteristics of a typical coastal lagoon with its fresh / salt water transition, coastal cords and its ecosystem, was included in the list of "Wetlands of National Importance" with 3.491 ha on 07/02/2019 and gained protection status. Agricultural activities are carried out on fertile alluvial lands around the lake, which was formed as a result of filling a depression area in the south of the island, which has a generally defective structure, with materials carried by waves, winds and rivers, and tourism activities are intensively carried out in the summer months on the coastal coast and dunes. In the lake, which is the centre of attention of local and foreign tourists, the salt layer that emerges with the withdrawal of water due to drought and evaporation in the summer season is used for health purposes by local and foreign tourists, but the use of salt has not yet been introduced to health tourism with certain laws. In the study, it is aimed to prepare a "lagoon management planning" for the solution of environmental and ecological problems that arise despite the protection status of the lake and the framework of coastal laws. It has been determined that the greatest pressure on the ecological, biological and morphological system around the lake is caused by intensive tourism activities, agricultural activities, pollution from domestic wastes and recently increasing construction works. In order to determine the use of the lagoon and the surrounding area, a land use map was prepared using the data of 2022. For coastal change detection, 1985, 2004, 2012 and 2020 satellite images were used to determine the shoreline change and it was determined that there was no change in the lake level. The lack of level change indicates that the lake is fed from different sources. For the management planning of the lagoon and its surroundings, SWOT analysis was applied, each land cover and use types were analysed separately and a wetland management plan was prepared.
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The object of production in the enterprise are electrical installations for cars of FORD TRANSIDE. The factory produces automotive cable systems and battery cables for cars, vans and trucks.
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The subject of this study is enterprise resource planning, which includes a broad network from stock to the warehouse, from supplier to customer, from stock to warehouse, and from supplier to customer, to be able to follow and manage the enterprise from anywhere at any time, regardless of whether it is a small business or a holding, to stay in the market under ever-changing and developing economic conditions. Within the scope of this subject, the study aims to provide information about the definition, historical process, general features, general module structure, and advantages and disadvantages of enterprise resource planning. Regardless of whether the enterprise is small, medium-sized enterprise or large enterprise, regardless of the position of the personnel in the enterprise, enterprise resource planning software, which provides time savings in every sense as a result of the software programs used, has become indispensable in the accounting field. Regardless of whether the business is a small business, medium-sized business or large business, regardless of the position of the personnel in the business, enterprise resource planning software, which provides time savings in every sense as a result of the software programs used, has become indispensable in the accounting field. In the last part of the study, the issue of accounting with enterprise resource planning is discussed, and as a result of the use of enterprise resource planning, whether it is an accounting staff working within the enterprise or a financial advisor, thanks to this software, they can follow the follow-up of the documents of the enterprise/taxpayers more easily and quickly, they can access the reports and documents requested by the taxpayer faster, and they can also benefit from programs such as reporting and book submission.
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Türkiye’deki tarım işletmelerinin büyük bir kısmı yeterli büyüklükte olmadığı gibi, tarımsal araziler de oldukça parçalanmış ve verimli biçimde işlenemeyecek duruma dönüşmüştür. Arazi parçalanması, bir işletme toprağının çok sayıda parçalara ayrılarak, toprak genişliğinin küçülmesidir. Arazi parçalanması ile birlikte işletmeler küçülmektedir. Parçalılık ve dağınıklılık tarımsal yapıda maliyetleri yükseltmekte, dolayısıyla etkililiği ve verimliliği azaltmaktadır (Küsek, 2014: 16).
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The topic of Islam is extremely relevant for Europe because it directly affects the security and existence of the continent. Before evaluating and analyzing Islam, one must know the theology of the religion, as claimed by the famous Islamic scholar D. Exposito. Glenn Beck takes an opposite negative position. All three monotheistic religions – Judaism, Christianity and Islam – have passed through the stage of violence. Islam has a number of specific manifestations in European countries that must be taken into account as they are closely related to their social peace and security.
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Under Basel II methodology there are distinguished three main risks - market, credit and operational risk. In all cases, it is possible to determine the capital requirement using the basic method, which consists of multiplying the size of the exposure by a predefined coefficient. At the same time, a more advanced approach is allowed for all categories, subject to regulatory approval. The capital requirement may be calculated on the basis of the VaR (ValueAtRisk) risk acquiring method. In the case of the advanced approach for operational risk (the aim of this study), only basic qualitative and quantitative requirements are defined and it is the bank’s responsibility to use appropriate methods to estimate the required amount of risk capital. Keywords – Operational risk, loss distribution, loss frequency, loss severity, composite distribution, AMA methods, LDA approaches, IMA methods, Monte Carlo methods, MILDA_E oprisk calculator, Excel simulation add-ins.
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Naděje dožití neboli střední délka života (SDŽ), udává průměrný počet let, který má před sebou jedinec v určitém věku, pokud by zůstaly zachovány úmrtnostní poměry, které jsou ve sledovaném období. Jde o statistický údaj udávající průměrný, tedy předpokládaný věk, jehož dosahují členové dané populace Wikipedie). Celosvětově je patrný dlouhodobý vzestupný trend; SDŽ v r. 1800 se udává 31 let, v r. 2000 již 72 let. Podobný trend je patrný v Českých zemích. Ve srovnání s ostatními zeměmi EU však ČR nedosahuje ani evropského průměru (v r. 2018 muži EU 78,3 let, ČR 76,2 let; ženy EU 83,6 let, ČR 82,0 let). Ačkoliv podle prognostické předpovědi z r. 2010 by se SDŽ v ČR měla výrazně zvýšit (u mužů na 82, u žen na 87 let), v posledním decéniu se vzestup téměř zastavil a v posledních dvou letech SDŽ dokonce zaznamenala pokles. Je otázkou, zda je tento pokles jen dočasný – v souvislosti s pandemií Covid-19 – nebo zda se na něm podílejí i další faktory, které mohou být trvalejšího rázu.
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Czech cities own the portfolios of various real estates which need to be not only managed but strategically optimised and developed as well. However, public sector in the Czech Republic lacks methodological guidance for portfolio strategies, and cities use systems that are out-of-date. To fill the gap, authors provided the search of scientific literature concerning the strategic management of real estate portfolios owned by cities, both within the Czech Republic and world-wide. No relevant scientific literature was found in the context of the Czech Republic, and searching the Scopus database showed that this issue was neglected internationally. Only 52 texts (articles, books, and conference papers) could be connected to the topic, of which only 24 outputs related to the researched issue directly. None of the findings concerned the strategic management of real estate portfolios owned by cities in the Czech Republic. Moreover, findings did not show any common point in terms of keywords, territorial affiliation, or time limits. The topic seems to be heavily neglected; which makes it relevant for systematic scientific considerations and research.
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