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Fonoholizm – zagrożenie współczesnej młodzieży

Author(s): Marcin Kiper / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3-4/2022

The aim of the article is to present the most important facts about teenagers’ addiction to mobile phones on the basis of chosen subject literature. The article also presents and describes the research data. The aim of the research was the attempt to describe the chosen aspects of the phenomenon that is the use of mobile phones by teenagers. The research was carried out from May 9 to May 13, 2022 on a group of 80 students. All of the students were from a secondary school. For the purposes of the research, the diagnostic survey method was used and the tool was an original questionnaire. In the light of the obtained results, today’s youth use mobile phones in an irresponsible way and they are unaware of threat arising from abusing the mobile phones. Following the results obtained from the research, introducing the media literacy in schools should be conceptualized.

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Habsburški mejni kordon proti Osmanskemu cesarstvu kot branik zdravja in njegove kazenskopravne osnove

Author(s): Marko Kambič / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 1/2024

In the 16th century, the Habsburgs started constructing a defensive buffer zone known as the Military Frontier to deter Ottoman incursions. The region was deliberately militarised and fell under full military administration along with its civilian population. As the Ottoman threat gradually diminished from the late 17th century onwards, the Military Frontier lost its defensive significance. However, due to the severe risk of infectious diseases, especially the plague, spreading from the southeast, the authorities made use of the military regime at the border to combat epidemics. They assigned the military cordon the task of a permanent sanitary cordon, enhancing the existing infrastructure and adapting the health regime to the strict hierarchical system of the military administration. In addition to the norms regulating the cordon’s structure and the implementation of security measures at the border, criminal regulations aimed at ensuring prevention and thereby protecting public health were also drawn up. This contribution presents the genesis of the cordon, analyses the relevant criminal code regulations from the 18th and 19th centuries, and evaluates their effect.

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АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯМ НЕРАВЕНСТВА ЖЕНЩИН И МУЖЧИН В СОВРЕМЕННОМ ОБЩЕСТВЕ

Author(s): Evgeniya V. Andryushina,Natalia S. Grigorieva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2024

The article analyzes the results of the international round table “Gender research in modern science: from theory to practice”, held within the framework of the XX International Conference “Public Administration in New Geopolitical and Geo-Economic Conditions” (Moscow, Lomonosov Moscow State University, December 6, 2023). The purpose of the event is to identify and characterize modern challenges and prospects for gender studies in Russian academic discourse.

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Populist Attitudes and Conspiracy Beliefs in Slovak Society: Pandemic vs Post-pandemic Data

Author(s): Ivana Václaviková,Lucia Viteková / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

The continued success of populist political subjects can be observed in many countries in recent years, including Slovakia. Society is polarized, and dissatisfaction, anger, and fear are coming to the fore. This has been exacerbated by the pandemic, which, as a crisis, typically increases the potential for the spread of unfounded or even conspiratorial beliefs. As the occurrence of the mentioned phenomena postulates similar questions, the study's objective is to identify the rate of occurrence of populist attitudes and trust in conspiracy content during and after the pandemic. At different stages of the pandemic course, the prevalence of populist attitudes in the sample of Slovak adult men and women (N = 1345) and the tendency to trust conspiracy beliefs both in general and specifically in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic are examined. Using the Populist Attitudes Scale, the Generic conspiracist beliefs scale, and the authors' questionnaire on belief in conspiracy claims related to the COVID-19 virus, we found a high prevalence of the variables of interest, with the highest rates observed in women, people of older age and people with lower education. Across the different phases of data collection, attitudes and beliefs were relatively stable, and a linear association was observed between them. The results demonstrate the validity of the study of populist attitudes and the tendency to believe in conspiracy content, while at the same time raising questions for further research.

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Naruszenie dyscypliny finansów publicznych a nieopłacenie składki na ubezpieczenie zdrowotne

Author(s): Dominika Trzeszczoń / Language(s): Polish Issue: 62/2023

The subject of the research and analysis is the violation of public finance discipline, as provided for in Article 14 (2) of the Act of 17 December 2004 on liability for violation of public finance discipline, which consists of failure to pay health insurance contributions. The paper begins by presenting various interpretations of the concepts of “public finance discipline” and “violation of public finance discipline, which can be a source of multi-threaded considerations due to interpretative differences. The following chapters focus on the legal nature of health insurance contributions, which was important for assessing the features included in the above-mentioned provision. The scope of liability for the discussed violation of public finance discipline was also examined, with particular attention paid to practical issues related to enforcing liability for violation of public finance discipline. The aim of the paper is to evaluate the legal solutions applicable in the subject area and to highlight any areas that raise interpretative doubts. The main research methods used for the study were the doctrinal-legal and analytical research methods. Legal acts and case law were analyzed, and the views of the subject literature were evaluated, with particular emphasis on the achievements of Polish financial law doctrine. The results of the research make it possible to answer questions such as whether the scope of subject and object liability for violation of public finance discipline is systemically consistent with the solutions provided for in other laws, and whether the introduced financial and legal mechanisms are sufficient to minimize the risk to public finance security in the area of health care. It was deemed important to establish how the timely and proper payment of health insurance contributions by obligated entities affects the state of public finances. In financial law doctrine and literature, there is a lack of in-depth research on financial-legal issues related to violation of public finance discipline in the context of non-payment (omission) or payment of an amount lower than that calculated for health insurance contributions. Therefore, research on the aforementioned violation and its relationship to the healthcare system in Poland is considered significant and constitutes a contribution to the development of science.

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HEALTH AND SAFETY EDUCATION IN SCHOOLS OF UKRAINE AND ITS CHANGES AS A RESULT OF RUSSIAN AGGRESSION

Author(s): Vasyl Zaplatynskyi / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

The article presents the main results of the analysis of the state of Ukrainian secondary education in terms of health and safety, as well as its changes due to Russia's full-scale war against Ukraine. Ukrainian secondary education is undergoing a profound transformation and transition from the old concept of teaching to new approaches formulated in the concept of the "New Ukrainian School." Changes in Ukrainian education affect all subjects and integrated courses, approaches to teaching, and schoolchild achievement assessment. The article analyzes the state of education in health and safety at the preschool stage and in primary, basic, and specialized secondary education. A separate subject, "Basics of Health," dedicated to health and safety issues, is proposed for schoolchildren in basic secondary education, i.e., grades 5-9. As part of the transformation of Ukrainian secondary education, the subject "Basics of Health" is gradually being replaced by the integrated course "Health, Safety, and Well-being." The article provides model programs for the integrated course "Health, Safety, and Well-being" recommended by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine for the adaptation cycle (grades 5-6) and the basic subject learning cycle (grades 7-9). The main themes of health education studied by schoolchildren in basic secondary education are analyzed in detail and examples are provided. A separate section is dedicated to safety education. The curriculum for safety education covers a wide range of topics, including safety theory, home safety, safety in natural and urban environments, emergencies, communication safety, digital safety, and many others. The full-scale war of Russia against Ukraine has led to the emergence of specific military risks. It should be noted that many educational subjects underwent various changes as a result of the war. The main changes regarding health and safety, as well as additions concerning military risks, have been made in the subject "Basics of Health" and the integrated course "Health, Safety, and Well-being." The article analyzes the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the added topics. Many conclusions have been drawn, including the necessity of studying military risks and ways to overcome them, as well as ensuring safety and health in wartime conditions.

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Humanistyka i kultura czytania w obliczu zagrożeń egzystencjalnych. Lektury w czasach zarazy a egzystencjalne doświadczenia graniczne: epidemia-erotyka-wojna

Author(s): Barbara Zwolińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 48/2024

In the article, referring to the common experiences related to the pandemic, I reflect on the meaning of texts read in the “times of plague.” I ask the question, to what extent and what kind of reading helps to understand the traumatic events experienced by people (affecting the physical and mental state), what readers are looking for in novels, memoirs and journals concerning mass diseases, for example, plague and cholera. The review and analysis of these themes in selected works is accompanied by a question about the metaphorical meaning of the epidemic, symbolizing the diseases of civilization, such as: consumerism, materialism, thoughtless exploitation of natural goods, destruction of the environment, or, in general, the evil accumulating in subsequent wars. An important theme is also the one relating to the connection between eroticism with the plague–a trail important in T. Mann’s Śmierć w Wenecji and in G. G. Márquez’s Love in the Time of the Plague. Both fictional works, such as the novels mentioned above, as well as records of witnesses of history depicting the war as a plague, or referring, like S. Márai, to the journalistic style in describing the course of cholera in Italy, may inspire an attempt to answer the question to what extent readings describing the time of human trials in a situation of endangered humanistic values may be a signpost for future generations not necessarily feeling well in a culture without books.

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From War Wounds to Welfare: Caring for Albania’s Elderly in the Transition to Socialism (1945 ‒ 1948)

Author(s): Inxhi Brisku / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

This article explores Albania’s socialist regime’s efforts in addressing post-war societal challenges, particularly housing impoverished elderly individuals in Shkodër’s nursing home. It highlights disparities in the treatment of the elderly compared to children, focusing on their sacrifices and the neglect of their emotional and cultural needs. Healthcare provisions and cultural neglect within institutions like the nursing home are emphasized, underscoring the regime’s differential treatment of age groups. The article reflects on the regime’s privileging of specific categories, the scarcity of medical professionals, and the emotional and cultural void experienced by the elderly, drawing comparisons to practices during the monarchical regime in Albania.

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Using volumetric brain analysis to differentiate a patient with 117 multiple personalities from schizophrenia: a case report and literature review

Author(s): Tasmia Khan,Heela Azizi,Mursal Naisan,Tiffany Benjamin,Payton Colantonio,Cassandra D’Andrea,Tulin Ahmad,Gulshan Begum,Shahzad Chidai,Olaniyi Olayinka,Samuel Adeyemo,Chiedozie Ojimba,Ayodele Jolayemi / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2020

DID is defined in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) as a “disruption of identity characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personality states.” This involves discontinuity in sense of self and agency as well as variations in “affect, behavior, consciousness, memory, perception, cognition, or sensory-motor functioning.” The DSM-5 estimates the 12-month prevalence of DID as 1.5% of the American adult population. In other studies of DID, the prevalence is estimated to be between 1% and 3%, with higher rates among patients with other comorbid psychiatric conditions. In the inpatient setting, the prevalence of DID has been estimated to be as high as 7.5%. The severity of DID in terms of distinct identity varies from two reported identities to 23 reported distinct identities, however the average number of reported distinct identities stated is 13.1 DID has been associated with or may co-occur with other psychiatric conditions. Many studies have shown an association between DID and history of childhood trauma or maltreatment between ages 4-8. About 80- 100% of patients diagnosed with DID have a comorbid diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or a lifetime history of PTSD.

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„Euthanasie“-Verbrechen im besetzten Europa. Zur Dimension des nationalsozialistischen Massenmords

Author(s): Lutz Kaelber / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

Review of: „Euthanasie“-Verbrechen im besetzten Europa. Zur Dimension des nationalsozialistischen Massenmords, Hrsg. von Jörg Osterloh, Jan Erik Schulte und Sybille Steinbacher. (Studien zur Geschichte und Wirkung des Holocaust, Bd. 6.) Wallstein. Göttingen 2022. 391 S. ISBN 978-3-8353-5076-2. (€ 38,–.)

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Psychological Anxiety of COVID-19 Pandemic and its Effect on Academic Performance of University Students

Author(s): Iyad J. Ashshawareb,Moen Salman Alnasraween,Darine Abu ALi,Nadia A. Mustafa,Yanal Iyad Ashshawareb / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2024

The problem and the aim of the study. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a worldwide emergency, with consequences for more than just physical health, including mental health and educational outcomes. University students are particularly vulnerable since they are dealing with a number of challenges at once, such as the health effects of the pandemic both directly and indirectly, the sudden shift to online schooling, and doubts about their future employment opportunities. Critical to understanding the far-reaching effects of the pandemic on student lives, learning processes, and mental health is research into COVID-19-related psychological anxiety and its impact on academic performance in higher education. This research subject seeks to investigate the extent to which college students are anxious about the COVID-19 pandemic and how this unusual stressor affects their participation in class, grades, and general satisfaction with their education. By looking at it from this perspective, we may identify the many ways in which the epidemic has affected the future generation of researchers and professionals, and then develop strategies to help them cope with the difficulties they will face. Research methods. The study employed a correlational descriptive approach to investigate the psychological distress caused by the COVID-19 epidemic and its influence on the academic performance of university students in Jordan. The sample consisted of 300 undergraduates (male and female) from the College of Educational and Psychological Sciences at Amman Arab University in the 2021–2022 school year, with the entire student body serving as the population. The survey tool was distributed online via social media, leading to 379 respondents, and a chance sample was used because it was feasible to reach a large number of participants—especially during the pandemic. Results. The study results show a detailed range of stress and worry, with average scores varying from 2.8 to 4.1 among 25 items. Major concerns involve social isolation, indicated by an average score of 4.1 for feeling alienated because of social distancing measures, and academic disruptions, with an average score of 4.0 for experiencing a lack of control over academic life owing to the pandemic. There is a significant gender gap between the reported levels of anxiety and its effect on academic performance; 40% of female students and 30% of male students express high levels of anxiety, and the average academic impact score for female students is 3.0 while the average score for male students is 2.5. The data also shows that anxiety levels and the detrimental effect they have on academic performance are getting worse over the years, with fourth-year students having the worst levels of anxiety (45%) and the greatest academic impact score (3.5). The findings highlight the importance of providing students with personalized support to help them cope with the psychological effects of the pandemic. Scientific novelty: Novelty resides in the study's exhaustive examination of COVID19's psychological effects on Jordanian university students, with a particular emphasis on anxiety levels and how they relate to academic achievement. By looking at the effects of the pandemic across genders and academic years, it shows how anxiety levels rise over time and how there are clear differences between the sexes. The study offers important insights into the many ways in which the pandemic affected students' academic performance and mental health by using a large sample size, a correlational descriptive approach, and social media to reach a wide audience during the epidemic..

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Social Marketing Strategy for Social Care Programs for Victims of Human Trafficking Crimes

Author(s): Ahmed Nasser Almogbel,Abdelwanis Mohamed Elrashidy / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2024

This study aimed to determine the social marketing strategy for social care programs for victims of human trafficking crimes by identifying the reality, mechanisms, challenges, and proposals for activating social marketing for social care programs for victims of human trafficking crimes. The research is descriptive research that aims to describe the social marketing strategy for social care programs for victims of human trafficking crimes. In line with the type of research, the researcher relied on the social survey method with a sample, which is one of the most appropriate methods for descriptive research. The research community was represented by officials in the department of combating human trafficking crimes at the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development and in shelter centers in the kingdom's regions. The research sample was determined by a simple random sample of officials in the Department of Combating Human Trafficking Crimes at the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Development and shelter centers in the kingdom's regions, consisting of 121 individuals. The research results confirmed that The challenges of social marketing for social care programs for victims of human trafficking crimes were represented in: interest in superficial advertising aspects of social marketing, lack of marketing skills among those in charge of social marketing programs, lack of good planning for social marketing programs, and poor training of workers in the field of social marketing. The proposals to activate social marketing for social care programs for victims of human trafficking crimes represented: interest in conducting social surveys to determine the needs of victims, building a specialized department in social marketing for social care programs for victims of human trafficking crimes, interest in realistic advertising aspects of social marketing, and measuring victims’ satisfaction with the programs scientifically provided to them.

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Финaнсирaнето в здрaвеопaзвaнето кaто фaктор зa устойчиво рaзвитие нa системaтa зa нaционaлнa сигурност

Author(s): Emiliya Kasova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2024

The trend in the financing of health services is related to the efforts to achieve a balance between equal financing of hospital services and the lack of funds as a major problem for managers at the government level in every country. The factors determining this trend are related to the growing concern of individual governments regarding the problem of control of expenses and to a lesser extent with the problem of equality and solidarity. However, one should not overlook the fact that the more government control increases, the more the traditional autonomy of health insurance funds is limited

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The Woman and Prostitution in the Republic of Serbia: Choice or Necessity; Scientific Achievements of Dragana Pejović, PhD

Author(s): Milena ž. Žikić / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 3/2024

Review of: Dragana Pejović, The Legal Position of Women in Prostitution in the Republic of Serbia through History, Novi Sad: Provincial Institute for Gender Equality, 2022

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THE NARRATIVE CONCEPT IN MEDICAL EDUCATION. THE WRITER DOCTOR, TRANSCULTURAL EXPERIENCES

Author(s): Gabriela-Mariana Luca,Göksel Altınışık / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 38/2024

In their 1999 study, Greenhalgh and Hurwitz emphasize the importance of story in the success of the medical procedure and recommend turning the therapist's gaze to tradition. Mythology and how we treat personal histories should be included in medical practice because history is part of our lives. Our life itself is a story in itself ("a novel - if I tell you, “We hear almost constantly from all interviewees). Although people's stories are subjective, they contain a "narrative truth" that is somewhat related to "historical truth" and can provide researchers with keys to (re)discovering identity (McAdams et al., 2006: 19).Everything that happens to us is recorded in the memory of the body with which we show ourselves to the world: hope, joy, sorrow, despair. As a doctor, knowing how to listen to your patient means knowing how to use your life experience for both curative and educational purposes.The study we propose is based on the use in medical communication of a volume of short stories, signed by Göksel Altınışık, doctor, sociologist with master’s degree and writer. The volume, "As Our Hearts Keep Beating”, appeared at the Victor Babeș Publishing House in 2023, and brings attention to how a doctor can actively listen to his patient, then using his literary ability to immortalize the treated cases, turning them into working models for younger colleagues.The subjectivity of the medical author is in permanent dialogue with the anthropologist collaborator who can define the framework of the study area in a common narrative space.

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CHALLENGES TO RURAL NEETs’TRANSITION FROM SCHOOL TO WORK IN LITHUANIA DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Author(s): Sonata Vyšniauskienė,Rūta Brazienė / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

This paper discusses challenges to rural NEETs' transition from school to work in Lithuania during the COVID-19 pandemic. The focus is on identifying the main issues related to the successful transition of young people from education to the labour market. The paper draws on extensive research on NEET youth transition from school to work in Lithuania, using mixed research methods including social and public policy, survey research on NEETs registered with the PES and a secondary data analysis (Eurostat data on NEETs). The study is based on survey research conducted in Lithuania from February to April 2021. A total of 453 young people who were unemployed and registered with the PES participated in the study. A subjective evaluation of the attitudes and experiences in the Lithuanian labour market of the unemployed youth (aged 18 to 35 years), registered with the PES and living in rural areas is presented. The results reveal that more young people living in rural areas claim that their situation in the labour market worsened considerably during the pandemic. Despite the fact that a number of active labour market policies targeting the NEET group are in place, specific policy measures targeting young NEETs living in rural areas need to be developed in order to address their specific needs.

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CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING SOME INFLUENCES OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE FIELD OF EDUCATION IN THE ROMANIAN SOCIETY

Author(s): Cătălin Peptan,Silvana-Elena Peptan / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

THE FIELD OF EDUCATION HAS UNDERGONE SIGNIFICANT CHANGES WITH THE EMERGENCE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC EARLY IN 2020. ALL HUMANITY HAS HAD TO ADAPT TO THE NEW REALITY IMPOSED BY THE CREATED STATE OF AFFAIRS. GIVEN THE IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION AT THE SOCIETAL LEVEL, INCLUDING THE SECURITY PERSPECTIVE, THE COMPETENT NATIONAL AUTHORITIES, BUT ALSO THE ACTORS INVOLVED IN THE EDUCATION PROCESS, HAD TO ADOPT MEASURES TO ADAPT THE SUBSEQUENT ACTIVITIES OF THE EDUCATION PROCESS TO THE REALITIES OF THE NEW PANDEMIC. FOR THE MOST PART, AT LEAST UNTIL THE BEGINNING OF THE SCHOOL / UNIVERSITY YEAR 2021-2022, EDUCATION HAS BEEN TRANSLATED INTO VIRTUAL SPACE, AT ALMOST ALL LEVELS OF REPORTING. THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE NEW EXISTENTIAL REALITY WERE NOT THE MOST FAVORABLE, DUE TO AN ACCUMULATION OF FACTORS OF VARIOUS NATURE. THE OPINIONS OF SPECIALISTS IN EDUCATION SCIENCES, AS WELL AS OF MOST OPINION FORMERS OR THOSE DIRECTLY INVOLVED IN THE EDUCATIONAL ACT (TEACHERS / PUPILS / STUDENTS), HIGHLIGHT MAJOR SHORTCOMINGS IN TERMS OF ITS PURPOSE. THE DECLINE IN THE LEVEL OF EDUCATION OF YOUNG PEOPLE CAN ONLY BE WORRYING, THE EFFECTS HAVING AN IMPACT INCLUDING THE SECURITY OF THE COUNTRY, AS LONG AS EDUCATION IS A NATIONAL PRIORITY AND IS PERCEIVED AS A DIMENSION OF NATIONAL SECURITY.

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Compulsive sexual behaviour in Iranian married women: Prevalence, sociodemographic, sexual, and psychological predictors across-country

Author(s): ELNAZ KHAYER,REZVAN ZAREI,MARYAM DAMGHANIAN,Beáta Böthe,FARNAZ FARNAM / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

Background and Aims: This study addresses the scarcity of research on Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD) in non-Western cultures and women, exploring its prevalence, sociodemographic, sexual history characteristics, and sexual and psychological health factors in Iranian married women. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 772 heterosexual married women was conducted between 2022 and 2023, covering all 31 provinces of Iran. Participants were categorized as CSBDþ (at-risk individuals) and CSBD (low-risk individuals) based on a pre-established cut-off point of ≥18 by the Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder Scale 7. Depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, self-esteem, sexual distress, sexual satisfaction, relationship satisfaction, and sexual dysfunction were assessed as psychological and sexual health variables by standardized scales. Results: The prevalence of CSBD was 3.8% in women. Linear regression analysis showed that lower education, being jobless, substance use, pornography use, paraphilic behaviors, conflict on sex frequency, relationship, orgasm and sexual dissatisfaction, higher sexual arousal, depression, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms were positively associated with CSBD. The univariate analysis, at a stringent significance level of 0.005, mirrored the regression findings. Additionally, women with CSBDþ exhibited lower religiousness and higher anxiety compared to those without CSBD. Discussion and Conclusions: Raising awareness of CSBD is crucial for health systems and individuals for better policy-making and help-seeking behavior. Identifying risk factors like substance use presents opportunities for prevention, and the association of CSBD with sexual and mental health variables suggests addressing co-occurring issues for improved treatment outcomes. Recognizing culture and gender-specific sexual and psychological correlates enables targeted and effective treatment approaches.

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Moderating effects of PER3 gene DNA methylation on the association between problematic mobile phone use and chronotype among Chinese young adults: Focus on gender differences

Author(s): Tingting Li,YUMING CHEN,Yang Xie,Shuman Tao,Liwei Zou,Yajuan Yang,Fangbiao Tao,Xiaoyan Wu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

Objective: To investigate the rates of problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) and chronotypes in young adults, and examine the associations of PMPU with chronotypes, as well as its gender differences. Furthermore, we explored the moderating role of PER3 gene DNA methylation on the associations. Methods: From April to May 2019, a total of 1,179 young adults were selected from 2 universities in Anhui and Jiangxi provinces. The Self-rating Questionnaire for Adolescent Problematic Mobile Phone Use (SQAPMPU) and reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ) were adopted to investigate PMPU and chronotypes in young adults, respectively. Moreover, 744 blood samples were collected to measure PER3 gene DNA methylation. Multivariate logistic regression models were established to analyze the associations between PMPU and chronotypes. Moderating analysis was used to determine whether PER3 gene DNA methylation moderated the relationships between PMPU and chronotypes. Results: The prevalence of PMPU, morning chronotypes (M-types), neutral chronotypes (N-types), and evening chronotypes (E-types) of young adults were 24.6%, 18.4%, 71.1%, and 10.5%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression results indicated that PMPU was positively correlated with E-types (OR 5 3.53, 95%CI: 2.08–6.00), and the association was observed only in females after stratified by gender (OR 5 5.36, 95%CI: 2.70–10.67). Furthermore, PER3 gene DNA methylation has a negative moderating role between PMPU and chronotypes and has a sex-based difference. Conclusions: This study can provide valuable information for the prevention and control of circadian rhythm disturbance among young adults from the perspective of epidemiology and biological etiology.

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Association of Pornography Consumption with Health and Risky Sexual Behaviors of Youngsters in Pakistan: A Quantitative Approach

Author(s): Shahzad Ali,Ali Ab Ul Hassan,Ahmer Safwan,Muhammad Umar Saeed / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

The present study aimed to examine the association of pornography consumption with the health and risky sexual behaviors of youngsters. Two hundred and twenty-four participants (166 males, 58 females) from the public and private sector educational institutions of Multan, Pakistan, responded to the survey. The participants were selected through snowball sampling as it was an uphill task to identify the participants and persuade them to fill out the questionnaire. The findings indicated a strong correlation between frequent consumption of pornography with health (psychological & physical) and risky sexual behaviors of viewers. Despite a conservative society, heavy consumption of pornography on a daily and weekly basis (72%) is associated with risky sexual behaviors, i.e., using medicines to increase sexual power (p=0.045), intercourse with commercial sex workers without protection (condoms) (p=0.033), forceful sex with a life partner (p=0.038), sexual imitation as watched in pornography (p=0.005), and excessive masturbation after every exposure (p=0.018). Psychologically, frequent pornography consumption was related to feelings of loneliness and depression, while physically with a higher heartbeat and sweating on the body. The association between pornography consumption by youngsters and their health and risky sexual behaviors has been well established. Further research is warranted to obtain more outcomes and reasons behind the consumption of pornography content to suggest valuable measures to policymakers.

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