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STRUCTURAL AND WORD-BUILDING ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH “ANIMAL DISEASES” TERMINOLOGICAL FIELD

Author(s): Yurii Rozhkov / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

Linguistic analysis of the terms of the terminological field "animal diseases” is represented. Formation of terminological units is investigated, word-building patterns are characterized. The most productive methods of term formation and their structural types are determined. The peculiarities of formation and structure of one-component and multi-component terms of the terminological field "animal diseases" are analyzed. Thematic groups of abbreviations used for nomination of diseases of animals and their pathogens are considered. The analysis of existing forms of terms has made it possible to establish that the leading place in the studied terminological field belongs to multi-component terms, as modern science increasingly strives for the specification of existing terms, which allows representing objects in a detailed and refined form.

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DETERMINANTS OF PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR AMONG SECONDARY AND PREPARATORY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Author(s): Aytenew Adamu,Belete Atena,Misalie Solomon / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

This study was designed to measure the determinants of prosocial behaviour (sex, altruistic tendency, religiosity and life satisfaction) among secondary and preparatory school students in South Gondar Zone. A sample of 390 students was selected from both secondary and preparatory school through stratified random sampling. Of the 390 students’ 361 students’ returned their questionnaires for analysis. Pro-social behaviour scale, altruistic tendency scale, religiosity scale, life satisfaction scale and a questionnaire on demographic information was used to the present study. A result indicates that except sex, other independent variables significantly predict students’ prosocial behaviour. The study also explored there is a strong positive relationship between students’ pro-social behaviour their altruistic tendency, religiosity and life satisfaction. Moreover the study also shows that students ‘are engaged in pro-social behaviour. The actual mean of pro-social behaviour is significantly higher than the expected mean (31.29 > 27). This study explored that students’ altruistic tendency, religiosity and life satisfaction significantly predict participants’ prosocial behaviour but, participants’ sex does not significantly predict prosocial behaviour. The study recommended that school-family- and community partnership is very essential in order to promote students prosocial behaviour. Secondary and preparatory schools should give their students an opportunity to work collaboratively and participate in activities designed to promote social understanding.

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TEACHING ROMANIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE IN THE VIRTUAL CLASSROOM. OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

Author(s): Raluca Ghențulescu,Oana-Luiza Barbu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

Teaching Romanian as a foreign language (RFL) to an often heterogeneous group is a challenge in itself. The COVID-19 pandemic that has affected the whole world has required a rethinking of methods and materials for teaching RFL with the imposition of the transfer of courses to the virtual classroom. This study will discuss the opportunities and challenges that both teachers and students have encountered in teaching and learning RFL. We will thus bring into discussion both theoretical aspects, such as the differentiation between online courses and virtual classroom courses, and pragmatic aspects such as the ways in which we have made the transition to the virtual classroom by adapting traditional teaching methods and materials. At the same time, we will also discuss the new role that the teacher has acquired in this new online teaching reality compared to his/her traditional role.

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THE CURSE OF OVERLOOKING SECONDARY CONSEQUENCES: THE COVID-19 EXAMPLE

Author(s): Badejo Omobola Olufunto / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

Since January 2020, the global community has faced what may be tagged a biological war against the ravaging COVID-19 pandemic. While many countries in the world have been hard hit by this virus, response patterns to the pandemic have varied from country to country and, expectedly, with varying success rates. The global community witnessed a surge in socialist policies as a response pattern to the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper argued that the countries with poor COVID-19 responses are predominantly capitalist economies under the curse of overlooking secondary consequences. The paper examined concepts such as socialism, capitalism, free market and command economy. The paper then offered philosophical argumentation for its conclusion that the COVID-19 reality is strong evidence that adopting socialist policies in an economy is more reliable than a predominantly capitalist economy, and should be the background to rebuilding the post COVID-19 economies.

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ESP THROUGH THE LENS OF REFLEXIVE PEDAGOGY: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

Author(s): Irina Bocianu / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2022

During the COVID19 pandemics, teaching/learning/testing have undergone lots of changes made for the transition to online classes. Teaching English for Specific Purposes (ESP) online witnessed a paradigm shift and new approaches that were all facilitated by the use of technology have been developed or improved. Pre-pandemics, Bill Cope and Mary Kalantzis proposed “reflexive pedagogy” based on the idea that it is not the technology used that matters but the pedagogy itself which makes the difference, so they proposed reflexive pedagogy as opposed to didactic pedagogy which is composed of 7 affordances ranging from ubiquitous learning to differentiated learning with the purpose of moving focus from mimetic learning to epistemic learning via reflection and use of technology. Having this new approach in mind, the present paper attempts to analyse the advantages and disadvantages when teaching English for Specific Purposes. While the advantages are numerous due the possibility to use technology anytime, anywhere, anyhow, there are still certain constraints regarding learning foreign languages which utilize the mimetic approach in certain circumstance. Thus, the study focuses on the activities developed with the students from the University of Bucharest enrolled in the Faculty of Chemistry, approaching a wide range of subjects with a review of reflexive pedagogy in terms of advantages and disadvantages for ESP. While reflexive pedagogy is extensively useful for listening, speaking, reading and learning specialized vocabulary, writing seems to be affected as a way of progressing in learning. As an overall observation, reflexive pedagogy proves quite useful for teaching foreign languages with certain drawbacks.

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MANIFESTATION OF SPECIFIC ANXIETY POST COVID-19 IN ADOLESCENTS/SCHOOL CHILDREN

Author(s): Gabriel Traian Ungureanu,ADRIAN PRISĂCARU,Simona Maria Glăveanu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

Mental health specialists but especially teachers and parents should get directly involved in identifying several dysfunctional mental manifestations in adolescents/ schoolchildren that can lead to certain maladaptative behaviors. Therefore, it is a priority to train them to become aware of, recognize and monitor certain manifestations that are specific to dysfunctional behaviors, aiming to maintain both the mental health balance of each and every adolescent and of the entire group. Teachers may recommend or call for the school’s therapist to offer proper mental health services to adolescents, so that, whenever necessary, they could benefit from specialized support through mental health assessment techniques, mental health first aid, support and counselling techniques. Through the present paper we set out to call the teachers and parents’ attention to a series of concrete data regarding the anxiety-specific manifestations in adolescents, which can help them in the process of monitoring, supporting and improving mental health balance.

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Considering the Future of the Profession and Universal Basic Income Implications

Author(s): Ionuț Cioarță / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

Scholars in different disciplines claim that the implementation of Universal Basic Income (UBI) at a large scale has the potential to address and even eradicate poverty and inequalities. Taking into account this context, the present paper seeks to explore views on how this utopic scenario can impact the social work profession and society as a whole. Even though the social workers’ insights on the UBI debate are somehow marginal, their voices are highly relevant. As known, social workers are those who have direct contact with marginalised groups and can, therefore, contribute with their formal and informal experience in the field. Additionally, considering their role as advocates of social change and justice, social workers can provide an informed perspective on the potential reform of the welfare system if UBI were to be implemented. Based on these aspects, this article invites social work professionals and researchers to reflect upon the future and consider further opportunities and challenges that UBI could pose for our societies. These discussions also have the potential to engage with a wider range of social work theories and research.

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Party System Change and Challenges to Democracy in Slovenia

Author(s): Danica Fink-Hafner / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2025

In the context of a post-socialist party system, stabilization is believed to be linked to democracy. Based on that assumption, it could be inferred that party system instability is not compatible with the consolidation of democracy. However, research has found that the destabilization of party systems does not endanger democracy in Western countries. The case study of Slovenia reveals that dynamic changes in the party system and consolidation of democracy may also be feasible in the post-socialist context. There are factors additional to party system instability that may together produce a shift away from democracy, as happened in Slovenia in the period between 2019 and 2022 under Janez Janša’s government. This exploratory study of Slovenia has revealed domestic and external factors, which together co-create the particular outcomes of a fluid democracy, including several not yet revealed in the literature as relevant. The findings encourage further comparative qualitative and quantitative research not only into factors of democratic decline, but also of democratic stability in the context of multiple external shocks.

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Critical Aspects of the Sustainability of Care for the Senior Population in Slovakia

Author(s): Monika Orlíková,Jana Levická,Zuzana Drakova / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

One of the biggest challenges of today's global world is the aging of the population. From the information published by the WHO, we can expect that the proportion of the world's population aged 60 will almost double by 2050 and will constitute almost 22% of the world's population. For the age category 80+, the WHO forecasts up to a three-fold increase, which would bring this age category 426 million new individuals. Accordingly, it is necessary to reflect the fact that these are persons who need increased health and social care. Another fact that needs to be taken into account when trying to ensure the necessary care for the senior population is the continuing decline of the so-called productive part of the population in the economically developed countries of the world. Individual states perceive the trend of population aging as a socio-economic and political problem. At the same time, care for the senior population needs to be understood systemically, i.e. not only from the perspective of the needs of the seniors, but also of their family members or professionals providing services for seniors, and above all, the availability of financial resources to cover this care. The aim of the contribution is to present the most serious risks in the field of sustainability of care for seniors. The contribution was processed using the thematic analysis of secondary data contained in government documents of the Slovak Republic focused on the care of seniors.

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Present Status and Future Dilemmas of the Common Health Policy in European Union

Author(s): Elvira Csala / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

The challenges of the pandemic crisis have forced not only the member states but also the European Union itself to act. The question of the need to manage the epidemic at a European level is only the tip of the iceberg. It can be concluded that, although efforts have been made for a long time to develop and operate a single health policy, we still see significant differences in this area between the member states and between individual sectors in this field. The most important questions at the moment are whether it is possible to speed up the development of healthcare at a European level and whether there is a need for stronger coordination between the functioning of the systems of the individual Member States and those of the EU. What are the main risks, and what could be the main objectives, tasks and results of the common EU health policy in the future? This study seeks to find relevant answers to these questions through a brief analysis of the situation and a presentation of the detectable main regulatory and economic trends.

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The Effects of Traditional Energy Consumption and Poverty on the Health of Rural Dwellers in Nigeria

Author(s): Temitope Sade Akintunde,Bosede Akanbi,Mathew Adagunodo,Olawale Olufemi Akinrinde / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

This study examines the effects of traditional energy consumption and poverty on the health status of rural dwellers in Nigeria. In an attempt to critically examine the effect of the consumption of traditional energy and poverty on the health status of rural dwellers in Nigeria, this study employs a primary survey and collects data from 1044 respondents in three (3) senatorial districts in Osun State, Nigeria. Initial findings reveal that the socio-economic conditions of households in rural areas in Osun state are significant in explaining traditional energy consumption. Additional findings further reveals that income as a proxy for poverty and energy consumption for cooking and lighting is significant in explaining the health status of rural dwellers in Nigeria. This study recommends that government should endeavour to make clean and modern energy technologies available to rural households in Osun and Nigeria in general as a practical step to addressing the poverty level and health challenges of rural dwellers. This invariably implies that government should also prioritize alleviating the people from their poor economic conditions with a view to enabling them afford clean and modern energy technologies for their energy needs.

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Le désaccord et les formes de politesse dans le débat médiatique marocain: Une approche interactionnelle

Author(s): Hassan Azouzi / Language(s): French Issue: 21/2024

This study aims explores the concept of disagreement in Moroccan media debates during the COVID-19 pandemic. It aims to analyse how disagreement is expressed and the forms it takes in the context of confrontational televised debates. Drawing on the framework of ethnomethodological conversational analysis, disagreement is viewed as a reactive act that is conditionally dependent on the speaker‘s initiating act. Recognising the potential risks of their respective acts, participants in these verbal interactions employ softeners and/or emphatics to mitigate or intensify their responses, striving to avoid outright rudeness when expressing disagreemnt. The analysis is based on a substantial corpus of transcribed and aligned speech, enabling the identification of key elements that shape responses in this context.

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Mitoniminiai terminai pirmajame tarpukario Lietuvos psichiatrijos vadovėlyje

Author(s): Palmira Zemlevičiūtė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 31/2024

The article structurally dissects the psychiatry terms made with the names of mythological creatures that appear in the 1935 Įvadas į psichiatriją (Introduction to Psychiatry) by Juozas Blažys, the famous Lithuanian psychiatrist – the first psychiatry textbook to be published in Lithuania in the period between the two world wars. Nearly all terms are derived from the classical (Greek and Latin) languages or are readily borrowed from them through intermediary languages and adapted to the system of the Lithuanian language. While writing the textbook, Blažys relied on printed work by his colleagues and most probably adopted the terms from those sources. Mythonyms of Greek and Latin origin that appear in the structure of psychiatry terms are archaic universalities with unequivocal meaning across all languages; as a result, the psychiatry terms that derive from them travel from one language to the next, constituting an important part of the international eponymic terminology of psychiatry. Most of the terms featured in the textbook are mythonyms made by way of absolute (direct, affixal, and composite) and, on very few occasions, partial appellativisation. The most common are composite appellatives (such as kleptomanija (kleptomania)) that include a component grounded on a post-positional mythonym. Among affixal appellatives, suffixal appellatives with the productive suffix -izmas (such as morfinizmas (morphinism)) have prevalence, while prefixal appellatives (such as amnezija (amnesia)) are uncommon.

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RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN VIOLENCE AND CHRONIC ILLNESS AMONG WOMEN

Author(s): Ancuţa Elena Păduraru,Camelia Soponaru / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

Violence against women is a problem with significant personal, social, and economic implications that occurs in all countries, regardless of economic level, culture, or religion. Violence against women is often divided into three categories: physical, sexual, and psychological, whether self-directed, interpersonal, or collective. The consequences for victims are both physical and psychological. Although not widely recognized and easily visualized by others, chronic illness can also be a consequence of violence, with a long-term impact on the victim's life, acting as a reminder of what happened even long after the abuse has stopped. This paper is a narrative review that aims to highlight the link between violence against women and chronic somatic illness. In studies addressing and highlighting this relationship, the research methods used have raised important questions about the representativeness of the results obtained, and the extent to which they can be compared, particularly in research addressing intimate partner violence. We highlight gaps in knowledge and propose recommendations for future studies and psychotherapeutic intervention programs for victims of violence.

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SELF-ADVOCACY OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS STANDARDS

Author(s): Natalia Cojocaru / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

The article delves into the concept of self-advocacy among persons with disabilities and its significance within the framework of international human rights standards. It analyses the legislation and policies of the Republic of Moldova to demonstrate how they establish conditions for the self-advocacy of persons with disabilities. The recently initiated process of accession to the European Union by the Republic of Moldova has implications for the country's approach to the rights of persons with disabilities. Consequently, the article also offers insights into the standards and legal provisions of the European Union that affect the self-advocacy of persons with disabilities. The article employs the method of documentary analysis to investigate relevant scientific publications and to scrutinize the legal frameworks at both the national and international levels that are relevant to the rights of persons with disabilities, enabling their self-advocacy and participation. The article concludes that Moldovan legislation is aligned with international standards on the rights of persons with disabilities, providing a robust legal basis for their self-advocacy. However, the effectiveness of self-advocacy depends on how actively involved persons with disabilities are in promoting their own interests. Additionally, it depends on whether decision-makers make media and information easily accessible to them, thus enabling their full and meaningful participation.

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Особенности реакции вегетативной нервной, сердечно-сосудистой и эндокринной систем на учебную нагрузку в острый период адаптации к школе

Author(s): Oksana Nikolaevna Adamovskaya,Irina Vladimirovna Ermakova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2025

Introduction. The problem of first-graders’ adjustment to schooling is relevant, since the success of further education depends on its course. In the available literature, there are practically no results of comprehensive studies revealing the reactions of stress-implementing systems (autonomic nervous, cardiovascular and endocrine) of the body of first-graders during acute adaptation to learning loads. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the reaction of the autonomic nervous, cardiovascular and endocrine systems to learning loads during the acute period of adaptation to school. Materials and Methods. The methodological approach of the research is P. K. Anokhin’s theory of functional systems, according to which functional systems are selectively involved in adaptation processes to changes in environmental factors. In order to assess the activities of the autonomic nervous system, the method of heart rate variability (HRV) and galvanic skin reaction (CGR) were used. The functional state of the cardiovascular system was studied by indicators of heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP). The state of the endocrine system was assessed by the level of cortisol in saliva. Results. The article presents the results of a comprehensive study of first-graders’ adaptation to learning loads at the beginning of the school year. The examined children were divided into three groups: students with hypersympathicotonia (25 %), with optimal functioning of regulatory systems (50 %), and with relative vagotonia (25 %). Adaptation to systematic learning in children with optimal functioning of regulatory systems was accompanied by a decrease in vegetative activity by the end of the week without involving the cardiovascular and endocrine systems. In children with excessively high activity of the sympathetic department of the ANS, the highest values of the studied indicators of the cardiovascular system were noted. In half of the children with hypersympathicotonia, excessive sympathetic activity persisted during the school week. In children with a predominance of parasympathetic regulation of heart rate, there was a decrease in vegetative activity by the end of the school week. Children with hypersympathicotonia and relative vagotonia, demonstrated adaptation stress compared to children with optimal functioning of regulatory systems. Conclusions. The study concludes that the stress of adaptation to learning loadx at the beginning of systematic schooling is noted in 50 % of first-graders. Schoolchildren with hypersympathicotonic type of heart rate regulation have a high risk of developing autonomic dysfunction.

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Processing of unaccusative structures in people with aphasia and healthy population

Author(s): Nermina Čordalija / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2023

This paper provides an overview of several studies that investigated processing of unaccusative structures in populations of people with aphasia (PWA) and healthy speakers. Unaccusative structures are known to be notoriously difficult for patients with Broca’s aphasia. In the paper, we address seminal works that proposed The Argument Structure Complexity Hypothesis and The Derived Order Problem Hypothesis to account for the deficits that occur in the production of unaccusative structures in Broca’s aphasia that is characterised by slow and effortful speech. We also refer to studies that explored processing of unaccusative structures in healthy populations. These studies reveal that the moved unaccusative subject is stored in the working memory until the parser reaches the sentence position where the unaccusative argument was merged and then it is reconstructed at that position. We also address the interplay between unaccusativity and the category of aspect that was investigated in some experimental studies. Finally, the paper provides directions for future research in L1 and L2 processing to build upon the state of the art on unaccusativity.

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Model uspješnog uključivanja korisnika usluga u mentalnom zdravlju i njihovih porodica u proces oporavka: Preliminarni rezultati studije IMPULSE

Author(s): Remzija Šetić,Tihana Majstorović,Mina Aleksić,Mirjana Zebić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 6/2020

The IMPULSE study, led by Queen Mary University of London, offers a unique opportunity to radically improve care for people with psychotic disorders in lowand middle-income countries in Southeast Europe. One of the goals of the study is to include mental health service users and their families in the recovery process. Involvement is based on (a) forming of advisory bodies of users and families that monitor and direct the steps in the project, and (b) the development of a model of user led associations, in which professionals and users of mental health services manage the association and develop it together. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Menssana Association is included in the study as a model for user - led association, and the study is also being conducted in Serbia, Montenegro, Northern Macedonia and Kosovo. The aim of this paper is to present the preliminary results of the IMPULSE study on the analysis of the characteristics of user-led associations, internal organization, capacity, challenges and the role of users in the association. In addition to what was stated, we aim to compare the previously mentioned characteristics of associations of health service users that are not primarily related to mental health problems. This goal is set in order to better understand the challenges that associations face and the perspectives for their future development. The results confirmed the correctness of the basic idea that people living with problem health are the best source of information and the best advocates of their rights in society, and with adequate help from professionals and volunteers, adequate and long-lasting activities of the association are ensured. We have gained significant insight into the functioning of user associations in the region. We determined the best model of action for the user-led association.

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Povezanost zdravstvenih ponašanja, zdravstvenog lokusa kontrole i optimizma kod studenata

Author(s): Gorka Vuletić,Sanja Bulog / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 4/2017

The study was conducted on 207 students of the University J. J. in Osijek, of which 69 were males and 138 females aged 19–26 years. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between optimism, health locus of control and health behavior and to examine which are the most common health risk behaviors of students. The research included the use of the health locus of control questionnaire (ZLK-90) for testing beliefs on personal health and the factors that affect it in order to predict health behavior, the Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R) for measuring general optimism and a questionnaire for the assessment of health behaviors. The research results revealed that most respondents do not smoke and are engaged in physical activity several times a week. The smallest number of students stated they never consumed alcohol, and the largest number of them stated that it is consumed sparingly. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the consumption of alcohol and cigarettes. Results of the study provide insight into the problem of the representation of certain health risk behaviors among young people and the association of those behaviors with some personality characteristics such as optimism. The practical implications of such research include the improvement of population health and the prevention of chronic diseases in the elderly.

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Suicidalnost i ptsp: pregled dosadašnjih spoznaja o ulozi komorbidnih psihičkih poremećaja

Author(s): Vildana Aziraj-Smajić,Zana Aziraj / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 4/2017

The purpose of this article is to give a comprehensive overview of the role of comorbidity in suicide risk among people with PTSD. Based on recent studies, there is strong evidence about the cohesion between suicidality and PTSD, especially when there is comorbidity with another psychological disease inherent. Comorbidity with Disruptive Mood Dysregulation is found to be the most signifcant predictor of suicidality among people with PTSD. The risk of suicidality is also increased with comorbidity with Substance Related and Addictive disorders. Also, it is found that comorbidity with Addictive and Psychotic disorders, mostly disorders from the schizophrenia spectrum, significantly increase suicide risk among people with PTSD. Further, it is found that comorbidity with Borderline Personality Disorder is strongest among comorbidity with Personality disorders in predicting suicide risk among people with PTSD. The clinical implications of this article are relevant to the possibility of practical use of scientifically based research results, and their use in clinical practice with the goal of improving the psychological evaluation of suicidality.

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