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Miejska ulica jako przestrzeń życia politycznego — między ładem cenzury a żywiołem buntu

Author(s): Grzegorz Błahut / Language(s): Polish Issue: 15/2015

This paper regards the urban street as social space, where different symbolic interactions occur between individuals and groups of people. The established social and political order within this space happens to be disturbed by different forms of protest. An article attempts to compare the course of riots in former times to those at present. The comparison implies that the functional grandness of the urban street belongs to the past. This is mainly caused by new legal regulations restricting freedom of assembly and the new tele-electronic media space, and by a deepening division of the Polish society into different groups of interest, and its consequent inability to consolidate. An indirect cause also is the new order and mentality developed in democratic societies and by a consumeristic lifestyle.

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Prawo do miasta — społeczna konstrukcja idei miejskości w przestrzeni Internetu

Author(s): Barbara Rożałowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 15/2015

The study regards major social associations and individual initiatives in social networks, which carry out the idea of the right to the city. The object of analysis is the multimedia material posted on the Internet, capturing an image of a virtual city created by spontaneous actions of residents. The described visible activity is an expression of an arising reflective approach toward urban space. The change in residents’ mindsets about their role is facilitated by the network connection of participants. The efficacy of these networks creates an influential environment which has a considerable impact on today’s city management.

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Zagłada Żydów jako europejskie doświadczenie transgresyjne

Author(s): Jakub Greloff / Language(s): Polish Issue: XIII/2015

The article deals with the subject bordering on two areas: historical remembrance and the theory of politics. The Second World War, including Holocaust, as irrational historical catastrophe, was a traumatic experience for the European societies. The magnitude of this catastrophe discredited the concept of historical thinking founded on a reason that exists within historical process. Holocaust uncovered the destructive power rooted in modernity itself. The political elites had to find an answer to a question how, in the middle of Europe with cultural identity founded on: Greek philosophy, Roman law and Judeo-Christian tradition, such inhuman crimes took place. The starting point of the article is Holocaust as a process of social destructive transgression, both to Jews and European societies. The ending point – Holocaust as phenomenon initiating constructive transgression: foundation of the Israel country and the new post-war order in Europe.

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Rola i znaczenie muzyki w protestach przeciwko wojnie wietnamskiej

Author(s): Mateusz Harzowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: XIII/2015

The time of the Vietnam War was one of the most turbulent in the twentieth-century history of the United States, as the modern contestation movement, which aimed at changing the American domestic and foreign policy, arose then. Widely understood culture, including music, played an important role in this movement. This issue is the subject matter of this article, which will analyse the selection of songs. In addition, the author attempts to catalog the most important music events (including festivals) of that period. What is more, it is important to present the profiles of the most important artists. The most important thing, however, is to prove the following thesis: Music has played a significant role in the movement protesting against the Vietnam War and the music was an important traffic binder. The basic research methods include historical analysis and content analysis.

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Цивілізаційно-історичні витоки правосвідомості українського народу

Author(s): Yu. Yu. Kalinowski / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 133/2016

Analyzed civilizational and historical factors of public awareness genesis in Ukraine. It is noted that the development of any civilization has two components chrono-vertical and chrono-horizontal. It is alleged that the Ukrainian people’s awareness combines the values of eastern and western cultural and civilizational systems, privileging the second one. Determined features of the Ukrainian people’s legal consciousness in historical retrospective. In this context was analyzed directions of development and was singled features as institutional and non-institutional sense of justice in Ukraine.Emphasized that civilizational and historical development of the Ukrainian people is characterized with stages, inconsistency and cultural features. In its turn, sense of justice in Ukraine based on axiological basis using the following basic constants: patriotism; justice; sense of national dignity; responsibility for the fate of the motherland; awareness of the importance of implementation of individual rights and freedoms in the domestic environment; respect for the rights and freedoms of other nations; recognition of the intrinsic value of Ukrainian culture and language.

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Lietuvos energetinio saugumo politikos poveikis visuomenės socialinei sanglaudai

Author(s): Dainius Genys,Ričardas Krikštolaitis / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 4/2015

The article aims to empirically investigate the impact of Lithuanian energy security policy on the social cohesion. This article is based on Jenson (1998) and Bernard (1999) researches and proposed analytical categories. The conceptual framework identifies specific – economic, political and socio-cultural – activity areas, which are analyzed to verify the dichotomies between public attitudes and actual behaviour of society. These dichotomies help to distinguish empirical dimensions, which allow to describe the impact of Lithuanian energy security policy on the social cohesion in quantitative data.

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Współpraca cerkwi grekokatolickiej z ukraińskim ruchem wyzwoleńczym w Karpackim kraju Organizacji Ukraińskich Nacjonalistów (1945 – 1954)

Author(s): Wasyl Ilnycjkyj / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2015

The society in Western Ukraine generally remained deeply religious. No prohibitions, threats, nor terror could have separated men from his church and religion. In their everyday life the populace stuck to the religious norms. Besides, the struggle against the liberation movement was tightly connected with the liquidation of the Greek Catholic church altogether, because it hindered the sovietisation of the region and constituted a part of the Resistance Movement. Hence, the most serious problem for the Soviet regime was the collaboration of the Greek Catholic Church and Ukrainian liberation movement. The former recognized, the Orthodox rite, but did everything it could to strictly control the activities of the Orthodox clergy. The churchmen’s work was restricted, as well as those of the monasteries, church lands and constructions were confiscated and transferred to cultural, economic or administrative buildings. The priests assisted the OUN men both spiritually and materially, hid the men underground in their homes and stored weapons and ammunition in their churches. In spite of all the repressive measures, the secret agents continued to discover the nationalists’ hiding places in the homes of the GCC priests, whereas in the churches the weapons and bullets were found. It is worthy of note, that a considerable part of the Unia Church members not only supplied the nationalists with food, clothes, money, and hid them in their own homes, but also propagated the ideas.

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HULIGANSTVO KRIMINAL I KAZNENA POLITIKA

Author(s): Maja Ilić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2016

Evidenced by frequent media reports about the riots and the violence that accompanies sporting events in the country. Mass beats on and off the court, resulting in tens of casualties "fans" led lads, have become commonplace in the region. However, this is just a "side effect" of other much deeper issues that affect society, and one of them is hooliganism. Ruined social norms and values as well as the deviant culture among young people, the main cause of the problem arising from the relationship between hooligans, politics and crime.

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Гендерный ракурс массовой политики

Author(s): Svetlana Grigorevna Aivazova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2016

The article presents the analysis of gender peculiarities in Russian mass policy. Its urgency is linked to mass policy as the latter to a great extent determines the run of things and state of minds in present-day world. The latest research focuses attention on essential differences in the existing forms of mass policy differentiating as 2 opposing concepts the so called “mass policy” and “citizens’ policy”. The differences appear thanks to new actors who invade the policy field and institutionally transform political process. The new developments take place thanks to a mass involvement of women into politics. They become independent subjects who consciously declare their ability to be responsible citizens. Using this approach the article considers such questions as: what are the peculiarities of Russia’s people — men and women — interaction with the state; what type mass policy is characteristic of political behavior for men and women; does gender influence their political choice; and if so, in which way.

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ДЕТЕРМИНАНТЫ ЭЛЕКТОРАЛЬНОЙ ПАССИВНОСТИ МОЛОДЁЖИ РФ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ РЕСПУБЛИКИ БАШКОРТОСТАН)

Author(s): Rustam Ayratovich Karimov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2014

The article discusses the reasons for electoral passivity of modern Russian youth. It is pointed out that various subjective and objective factors have influenced the formation of a unique electoral culture of young people in Russia. The Republic of Bashkortostan is taken as a region for research, since it combines various factors determining the political culture and electoral behavior of the population. The study shows that “damped fluctuations”, depending on the priority and status of the elections, is a common pattern of the electoral behavior of young people in the Republic of Bashkortostan.

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«РОДИНА-МАТЬ» В СИМВОЛИЧЕСКОЙ ПОЛИТИКЕ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ РОССИИ ГЛАЗАМИ РОССИЯН (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ ИНТЕРВЬЮ)

Author(s): Tatjana Borisovna Riabova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2016

The paper based on sociological research in two Russian regions (Ivanovo and Dagestan) examines the role of the Motherland symbol in the Russian public opinion. Authors believe that the most essential trait of citizens’ attitudes to the Motherland is the attributing maternal characteristics to it. The Motherland is opposed to the State in the views of citizens. The relations between a person and his/her Motherland are interpreted as family relations (especially in ethnically Russian region); love for Motherland considered as self-denying and not depending on living conditions. On the contrary, relations between the citizen and the country are interpreted as contractual ones. This is why the symbol of the Motherland is used in the state symbolic politics. The authors demonstrate that citizens’ attitudes to the Motherland depend on their political preferences.

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The Role of Customer Knowledge Management Process in Service Recovery Performance: An Applied Study to the Egyptian National Railways

Author(s): Nehal El-Helaly,Ahmed Ebeid,Azza El-Menbawey / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

Customer knowledge represents an important organisational asset that organisations would utilize and manage to gain a competitive advantage. The purpose of this study is to develop and test a model to explain the role of customer knowledge management in service recovery performance; through examining the impact of Customer Knowledge Management (CKM) process on Service Recovery Performance (SRP), based on the perspective of the Egyptian National Railways' employees. It also attempts to measure how employees and customers evaluate the Egyptian National Railways' actual performance of service recovery. This paper has demonstrated the value of managing customer knowledge effectively in order to achieve a higher performance on service recovery. The empirical results indicated that organisations need to capture, share, acquire, and apply customer knowledge successfully in order to improve their service recovery performance. The results also demonstrated that employees evaluate their performance regarding the service recovery more positively than what customers do.

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Transformational leadership: is it time for a recall?

Author(s): Mei Lee / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2014

The purpose of this paper is to re-examine the two most prominent approaches to leadership: transformational leadership and inspirational leadership. Based on a review of the relevant literature, it is evident that the very concept of transformational leadership is ambiguous. The literature review also suggests that the idea of transformational leadership is being overshadowed by the model of inspirational leadership which despite its imperfections is more potent in practice. The paper draws on a comparison between these two approaches and argues that inspirational leadership is more practical and suitable in dynamic or non-business environments.

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РУССКИЙ МИФ В СЛАВЯНСКОМ ФЭНТЕЗИ

Author(s): Tatyana Nikolaevna Breeva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2015

The paper discusses the specificity and mechanism of construction of the Russian myth in the Slavic fantasy at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries. The sociopolitical context provoking actualization of the Russian myth is analyzed. The variants of its presentation and simulation peculiarities are described. The Russian myth is constructed based on three main lines. First, the system of traditional national identificators is reconsidered in the Slavic fantasy. Secondly, a new pantheon of national heroes is formed, thereby invoking the narratives of Oleg and Vladimir. Thirdly, the process of national reidentification based on the revision of national auto- and heterostereotypes is widely represented.

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Parametrii evaluativi în știrile despre căderea Afganistanului

Author(s): Andreea Nicoleta Soare / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2021

During the last couple of years, journalistic discourse has been confronted with a transfer from the objective report of a subject – marked by the use of a dull vocabulary, specific mainly for the Communist period, to a subjective report, characterized by a stylistic and discursive diversity, both the result of the cultural globalization. Although it violates the norms of the objective journalism, and what Coman (1999) was calling functions, effects and roles of the media, expressing the attitude and/or the position of the journalist, with regard to the described events, confirms the hybridization of the journalistic genres and of the relationships between the sender (journalist) and his receivers (the readers). In the present paper, I will analyse the parameters in the Romanian press news about to the withdrawal of the NATO allies from Afghanistan and, implicitly, the consequences on the Afghan population of this retreat. I will highlight that, in the news referring to the conflicts, the opinion of the journalist with regard to the events changes the paradigm of understanding of the readers.

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MANIPULATIVE ARGUMENTATION IN ANTIUKRAINIAN DISCOURSE OF RUSSIAN POLITICIANS: INTEGRATION OF DISCOURSE-ANALYTICAL AND CLASSICAL RHETORICAL APPROACHES

Author(s): Nataliia Kravchenko / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

Anti-Ukrainian discourse of the Russian politicians is based on delegitimization of the images of Ukraine and the Western world while constructing a positive image of Russia in the narratives of Self-Defense, Liberation of Ukraine, and Liberation of the World, with roles of a Villain, a Hero-Liberator, a Victim-Hostage and Villain's accomplice in different configurations. These models of argumentation rely on specific topoi of Threat, Protection and Strength and their revealing subtopoi, underpinning the discourse-forming concepts of Empire of evil, Empire of good and Ukronazis. Delegitimizing strategies of transfer and over-generalization are based on metaphors, metonymy, and lexical semantic means to denote the recurrence, systematicity and regularity of negatively connotated actions of the “alien” group. At the pragmatic level "We"-"They" dichotomy is based on ideologemesbased intertextuality, as well as the flouting of the cooperative maxims triggering the discursive implicatures. Maxims violation is marked by such manipulative techniques as the role reversal, ambivalent interpretation of the same concept, words with diffuse semantics, "complexity reduction", the construction of presupposition and the use of contrasting evaluative names to designate the forces of evil and good. Manipulative devices correlate with general rhetorical topoi of peristalsis, Genus and Species, Subject – Adjuncts, Past Fact / Future Fact, Testimony, antitheton and truncated syllogism.

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In Defense of Liberal Democracy: Exploring Motivations for Protesting against Democratic Backsliding

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In Defense of Liberal Democracy: Exploring Motivations for Protesting against Democratic Backsliding

Author(s): Courtney Blackington / Language(s): English Issue: 04/2024

When incumbent east central European ethnopopulist politicians attack liberal democratic institutions, how does the experience of living through Communism motivate people to protest in defense of liberal democracy? I argue that a critical subset of people in the generation who lived through Communism is extremely active in protests in defense of liberal democratic institutions. memory of living with authoritarianism and struggling to establish democracy seems to motivate the older generation to actively safeguard these institutions by generating fear of a return to the past. I expect the older generation to be particularly active at protests in defense of democracy when incumbent ethnopopulists engage in democratic backsliding. I explicitly test these hypotheses by analyzing 82 interviews I conducted with people who protested in defense of liberal democratic institutions in nine different Polish towns and cities in 2019, 2021, and 2022. I couple these interviews with data from an original online protester survey and from the European Social Survey.

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Against Dictatorship, against Backsliding? Examining the Effect of Serbian Anti-Government Protests on the 2020 Electoral Boycott

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Against Dictatorship, against Backsliding? Examining the Effect of Serbian Anti-Government Protests on the 2020 Electoral Boycott

Author(s): Karlo Kralj,Indraneel Sircar,Danijela Dolenec / Language(s): English Issue: 04/2024

The power of the Serbian Progressive Party (SNS) has been steadily growing ever since 2012. The party has successfully taken control of all levels of government in Serbia, and the country has suffered from gradual democratic backsliding as a result. In this article, we focus on two protest waves in Serbia between 2017 and 2019. Crucially, a number of opposition parties involved in the more recent protest wave boycotted the 2020 parliamentary election. This article analyzes the characteristics of the citizen-led response in local communities across Serbia and estimates its electoral impact using a difference-in-differences approach. The case of Serbia not only elucidates modes of citizen response and their impact in post-Communist Europe but also provides comparative insights for the potential for citizen-led resistance to mobilize against backsliding in other countries. The objectives of the article are twofold. First, the article uses an original data set of Serbian protest events between 2017 and 2019 to ascertain how the two protest waves were conducted, and how citizens respond to democratic backsliding. Second, using data on municipal-level turnout and SNS vote share in the 2020 parliamentary election, we examine the average electoral impact of protest and, related to that, we evaluate the success of opposition parties in mobilizing voters for the electoral boycott. The article investigates whether SNS-led democratic backsliding is resilient to sustained citizen-led mobilization or whether this bottom-up resistance challenges the notion that “stabilitocracies” such as Serbia are immune to fundamental political change.

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FROM MENTAL MODELS OF ADVERTISING TO MENTAL SHIFTS

Author(s): Corneliu Cezar Sigmirean / Language(s): English Issue: 27/2024

The history of humankind is marked by numerous shifts in perspective that have occurred at the societal level and have led to radical transformations. In science, Thomas Kuhn, one of the greatest philosophers of science, called these transformations “paradigm shifts,” with examples including the transition from Newtonian physics to Einstein’s relativistic perspective and the “cognitive revolution” that replaced behaviorist perspectives on human behavior. Today, such paradigm shifts are even more evident. Romania and some Eastern European countries entered this carousel of „paradigm shifts” later, but once the Western model was adopted, the pace of accumulation was very rapid. In an attempt to interpret Thomas Kuhn’s theory in the context of Romania and Eastern Europe after 1989, a genuine crisis of the old system occurred, a well-known fact, which led to a paradigm shift that propelled change. The media and advertising phenomena are eloquent in this regard, as they have described a new horizon of expectations for Romanians, shaping their taste for comfort and well-being, for a new quality of life, for travel, for business, for profit and rapid enrichment, for a different cultural model, for different films, for different clothing, for different food, for different televisions, for different cars, etc.

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MEDIJI, POLITIKA I POLITIČKA PROPAGANDA

Author(s): Milovan Milutinović,Luka V. Todorović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 14/2017

Relations between the media and society, the media and politics, politics and propaganda have always aroused the attention of governmental, professional and scientific circles, as a point of peaceful or unstable political situations. These relationships are becoming more intense in democratic societies, as a specific symbiosis, or the division of powers between the media and politics ie. removing or deleting of the borders, which used to be quite often and pointed out. Language is a normative-grammatical adopted system of verbal signs that makes the most symbolic order, without it, it is impossible to have normal mental life of man, as well as to have the process of thinking and communicating. The exchange of characters that makes up language is the essence of human communication, the communication system and the basis of communication and political propaganda. That is reason why the linguistic communication is done through words (spoken, written, painted, scrambled) and is not be limited only to this. The propaganda messages make special significance in the realization of political objectives especially through the process of political propaganda because they realize tasks, persuasion or suggestion; and is intimidating or mobilizer of the combat energy; and to achieve it, should be: accessible, attractive, understandable and convincing.

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