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SONUÇLARI AÇISINDAN 3 TEMMUZ ŞİKE OLAYI

Author(s): Mert Kerem Zelyurt / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2017

In this study, it was aimed to reveal the social, economic and political consequences of the operation against match-fixing incidence on July 3, 2011, which created reactions in Turkish football. A legal operation was carried out against Turkish football on July 3, 2011. A lot of administrators, footballers, coaches and managers were arrested with the claim of involving match-fixing and incentive premiums in various football competitions. The news on match-fixing event mostly focused particularly on Fenerbahçe FC and its’ president on the media. At the beginning of the operation, certain parts of the media reported the operation with the title "Clean Football". Clean football was also a necessity for the expression "New Turkey" which has been uttered within many subjects. In the same year, Fenerbahçe FC was disqualified from joining the UEFA Champions League. The incident was brought to UEFA, the CAS, and the Swiss Federal Courts and became an event which was to be solved at an international level. The operation caused losses in the broadcasting incomes of the encrypted channel bearing the broadcast rights and caused damage on the football clubs, particularly on Fenerbahçe FC. Play Off application was put into practice in order to prevent more losses on football capitalism including the clubs, broadcasting channel and the sponsors. Another important outcome of the incidence was the protests of Fenerbahçe fans after the operation held by the police forces and during the trial process. These protests indicated in a peculiar way to Turkey that football is one of the recent rising social identities. The remission in the upper and lower limits of the penalties relating match fixing in sports after July 3 caused some disagreements among the members of the party in power. One of the consequences of the event was that the relationship between football and parallel state structure (FETO) came to the public. Within this context, the Period restarted with a new case. The new case is the one which is still on the trial with the name “match-fixing conspiracy”. The main defendant in this new case is Fethullah Gülen. The match-fixing event continues to be preserved in the recent history of Turkey with its results affecting the present day by being articulated with social, political and economic processes.

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Transgraniczne sieci powiązań Polski, Białorusi i Ukrainy na przykładzie programu współpracy transgranicznej PL-BY-UA 2007–2013

Author(s): Dawid Błaszczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2015

The aim of the article is to analyze the nature of the relationship and position of the actors involved Cross-Border Cooperation Programme PL-BY-UA 2007–2013. Part of the analysis is the characteristics of networks based on indicators such as the centrality and density of the network, node degree, the strength of connections, number and location of points of intersection, bridges and broker network. The proposed article analysis is to answer the following questions: What is the share of public and private institutions, states and cities in PWT? What is the shape of the network: a centralized or composed of unconnected components? Has a cooperation network is sustainable if it is dominated by certain actors? To what extent and to what extent those involved in networking use, create and multiply their social capital, understood in the category of participation in the network access to other operators and network resources?

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Maďarsko 1956 – od reformy socialismu k národnímu povstání

Author(s): Jan Adamec / Language(s): Czech Issue: 24/2014

The study aims to analyze the crisis of the Hungarian Communist regime in 1956. It begins with the internal party struggle between Prime Minister Imre Nagy and First Secretary Matyás Rákosi in 1953–1955; this created a potentially explosive situation, with the divided and quarrelling party bodies unable to rule the country effectively and control key instruments of power, such as the press or the secret police. Nikita Khrushchev’s destalinisation initiative in 1956 triggered a new wave of conflicts between Rákosi’s supporters and those that favored more or less radical changes of the system. The demise of Rákosi and the installation of Ernő Gerő as his successor in July 1956 only encouraged dissatisfied elites within the Petofi group to criticize the party and challenge its monopoly on power. The crisis within the Communist Party was then deepened by the emotionally charged reburial of László Rajk, a former minister of the interior tried and executed during a show trial in 1949, and coincided with grave economic shortages and rising dissatisfaction in the countryside. The installation of Wladyslaw Gomulka as a member of the leadership of the Polish Communist Party at the end of October encouraged Hungarian students to organize demonstrations of support that, on 23 October 1956, grew into mass riots against the regime. New agents that then played a key role in the events in question entered the political arena. Firstly, the Soviet army intervened on behalf of the Hungarian Communist leadership; however, it failed to restore order or suppress the mass movement. Secondly, dozens of guerrilla-like insurgent groups fought enthusiastically against the Soviets. The article argues that the insurgent groups and revolutionary committees pushed a radical political agenda (national independence, multiparty system, anti-Soviet fight) and thus made it increasingly difficult, even impossible, for the newly appointed Prime Minister Nagy to reign in the conflict and negotiate a “Polish scenario” with the Kremlin. Khrushchev and his comrades contemplated postponing the use of military force for a brief period of time; however, they were then alarmed by the radicalisation of anti-Soviet sentiments within the Hungarian population and, under pressure from the Chinese Communists, opted for a massive intervention and the reinstallation of a loyal and openly pro-Soviet government and the resurrection of the already collapsed communist system. The drama of the Hungarian Uprising continued when the shattered armed groups of insurgents were replaced by trade union bodies and factory revolutionary committees in the resistance against Kádár’s newly installed regime until the end of 1956.

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Krapfl, James: Revolúcia s ľudskou tvárou. Politika, kultúra a spoločenstvo v Československu po 17. novembri 1989 Kalligram, Bratislava 2009, 304 stran

Author(s): Vítězslav Sommer / Language(s): Czech Issue: 18/2011

Review of: Krapfl James "Revolúcia s ľudskou tvárou. Politika, kultúra a spoločenstvo v Československu po 17. novembri 1989" Kalligram, Bratislava 2009, 304 pages by: Vítězslav Sommer

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Co jest stawką mobilności pracy? Granice, migracje, współczesny kapitalizm

Author(s): Sandro Mezzadra / Language(s): Polish Issue: 21/2016

The talk starts with a short discussion of some influential works on the mobility of labour in historical and contemporary capitalism. Drawing upon a book I recently published with Brett Neilson, Border as Method, or, the Multiplication of Labour, I then discuss the significance of the proliferation of borders in the global age from the point of view of “late” capitalism. In the last part of the talk I focus on the subjective stakes of the politics of migration, providing instances from many parts of the world (including the Asia-Pacific region).

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Poslanie polície v demokratickom štáte a v rámci globalizácie

Author(s): Pavol Augustín,Robert Odler / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 18/2013

In the presentation of this article I want to bring work and the importance of the Police Force to the public and to a small extent, affect the credibility and public opinion, which stems from poor informedness of Police Force and creates misrepresenting facts to police work. This is the main intention of the paper and also a reaction to the negative expression of some of the media to the address of the Police Force.

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Jak wstyd rozprzestrzenia się w nowoczesności

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Jak wstyd rozprzestrzenia się w nowoczesności

Author(s): James Wilce / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2016

Modernity owes its expansion not only to technology, but also to the spread of certain emotional attitudes that converge with the requirements of modernization. Global forms of expressing feelings put local emotions in a ‘backward’ position, and shaming becomes part of the process of modernizing society. Regardless of whether shaming leads to concessions or strong resistance, the meeting of local culture with modern shame augurs change in collective consciousness and collective forms of expressing emotions.

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Also These Voices. Technology and Gender in the Practice of Fanvidding

Author(s): Joanna Kucharska / Language(s): English Issue: 04/2013

The article aims to discuss and analyze the practice of fanvidding – a type of audiovisual fanwork juxtaposing footage of a source or sources with external audio, in order to reframe the original material and express a new meaning. In order to discuss the practice, the article looks at the fandom theories of cultural economy, struggle for control over messages, and the tactics of textual poaching introduced by Fiske, de Certeau and Jenkins. It also provides context for reading the practice through the lens of gender theory, pointing out the gender divide and contextualization of specific fannish practices according to the gender of their authors. The critical and analytical strategies of fanvidders are examined historically within the Star Trek fandom (where fanvidding has originated and ourished) and analyzed on examples from both the history of vidding and its modern incarnations. This is achieved by close reading of the most significant examples of vidding in terms of fandom history and the changes in the vidding practice, in terms of technology employed by the vidders, and in term of the gender perspectives.

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Zamysł - realizacja - odbiór. Łamanie tabu w przestrzeni publicznej

Author(s): Ewelina Woźniak-Szpakiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 04/2012

In this text I intend to illustrate the condition of Krakow's public space. The main idea of the article are two architectural and urban interiors: Mały Rynek and Plac Wolnica. I undertake the above task based on the analysis of the author's artistic provocation. During this provocation, it was possible to observe various reactions that provided extremely valuable information on the current state of urban space, and - in its context - the functioning of taboo areas.

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Porywacze psów i kebabowe podziemie. Współczesne mity kulinarne o obcych

Author(s): Marcin Napiórkowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 04/2012

The author discuss urban myths about meals served by chefs from other cultures than Polish, especially Chinese/Vietnamese and Turkish. But what are the culinary myths for? We can approach them as a social practice and ask another question: what exactly are the city's myths for? To answer this question, it was taken advantage of the similarity between culinary myths about foreigns and the phenomenon of culinary taboos and its relation to totemism.

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Između integracije, bezbednosti i humanitarnosti: stavovi građana Srbije prema migrantima

Author(s): Jelisaveta Vukelić,Jelena Pešić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2017

Almost a million people from Middle East and North Africa have passed through the territory of Serbia on their way to Western Europe during 2015 and 2016. Although Serbia has predominantly been a transit country for migrants, this re-cent passage of a large number of people, as well as a longer retention of some migrants, opened up a number of questions on capacities for emergent acceptance but also on long term integration of this population. The paper examines the characteristics of citizens’ attitudes towards the migrant population with the intention of determining which perspective – security, hu-manitarian or integrative – is being distinguished as a dominant one? Under the security perspective, it is understood that migrants pose a potential risk for the security of domestic population. The humanitarian perspective refers to a belief that migrants need to be provided with necessary assistance on their way to desti-nation countries. The third, integrative perspective represents the “most open” attitude towards migrants and implies that it is necessary to provide the opportu-nity for more permanent integration of the migrant population. In addition to that, the paper examines the existence of statistically significant variations in the degree of acceptance of the attitudes measuring mentioned perspectives in terms of socio-demographic and socio-cultural factors.The analysis is based on the data collected through the survey conducted in the spring of 2016 on a representative sample of Serbian citizens (without Kosovo) that numbered 998 respondents. Findings show that the humanitarian perspective is the most prevalent in the population, which is in line with the transitional character of migration. Ethnic distance is the most influential factor in shaping attitudes towards migrants. This finding indicates that attitudes toward migrants are more the result of the socio-psychological factors than the micro-structural factors or the demographic and cultural characteristics. Furthermore, this finding points to the deeper historical roots of factors shaping the examined perspectives, but also indicates the directions of potential positive action through the breaking of negative stereotypes and formulation of adequate strategies for the promotion of multicultural societies.

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Mass Media and Collective Violence

Author(s): Josip Županov / Language(s): English Issue: 05/1995

Like other landmark historic events, the war on the territory of the former Yugoslavia has been explained by three types of theories: mythological, scientific and common-sensical, the latter making use of certain pseudoscientific arguments. The author claims that the theory blaming the media in all six republics of the former Yugoslavia for the outbreak of the war belongs to the latter type. The empirical data gathered on the eve of the war show that ethnic tolerance was highest in the republics which were later struck by the war: Bosnia and Hercegovina and Croatia. The author provides an alternative explanation of the role of the media in paving the way for the war. Only in Serbia did mass media, in the circumstances of the prevailing authoritarian orientation of the population before the war, serve to the aggressive nationalist leadership for political mobilization, which aroused in the Serbian people a feeling of impediment and a sense of omnipotence. After the outbreak of the war in Croatia and Bosnia and Hercegovina, the media have been only one of the elements in an ever-expanding spiral of hatred and violence.

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Gender Differences in Treatment-Seeking British Pathological Gamblers

Author(s): Silvia Ronzitti,Vittorio Lutri,Neil Smith,Massimo Clerici,Henrieta Bowden-Jones / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

Gambling is a widespread recreational activity in the UK. A significant percentage of gamblers develop subclinical or clinically relevant problem gambling issues, but only a low percentage of them seek treatment. Although characteristics of pathological gamblers from treatment-seeking population have been examined in some research, only a few studies have explored the differences between females and males. This study aimed to examine the gender-related differences in demographics, gambling measures, and clinical variables in an outpatient sample of pathological gamblers seeking treatment. Methods: A total of 1,178 treatment-seeking individuals with gambling disorder were assessed at the National Problem Gambling Clinic in London. Sociodemographic characteristics, clinical variables, and gambling behavior habits were obtained during the assessment evaluation. Of the total sample, 92.5% were males and 7.5% were females. Results: Males were more likely to be younger, white, and employed than females. In addition, compared to women, men showed a lower PGSI score, an earlier age of onset of gambling behavior, a higher gambling involvement, and preferred specific forms gambling. Female gamblers were more anxious and depressed, while men were more likely to use alcohol and illicit drugs. Conclusions: Our findings support the importance of gender differences in a treatment-seeking population of pathological gamblers both in sociodemographic characteristics, gambling behavior variables, and clinical variables. Males and females might benefit from group-specific treatment.

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Book Review: Mental Health in the Digital Age: Grave Dangers, Great Promise

Author(s): Agnes Zsila / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2016

The review of: „Mental Health in the Digital Age: Grave Dangers, Great Promise“ by Elias Aboujaoude and Vladan Starcevic (Eds.); Oxford University Press: New York, NY, 2015, 277 pp. ISBN: 978-0-19-938018-3

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Book Review: The Wiley Handbook of Psychology, Technology, and Society

Author(s): Fanni Bányai / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2016

The review of: „The Wiley Handbook of Psychology, Technology, and Society“ by Larry D. Rosen, Nancy A. Cheever and L. Mark Carrier (Eds.); John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Chichester, UK, 2015, 1st ed., 592 pp. Hardback ISBN: 978-1-118-77202-7

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The Association Between Internet Addiction and Personality Disorders in a General Population-Based Sample

Author(s): Sina Zadra,Gallus Bischof,Bettina Besser,Anja Bischof,Christian Meyer,Ulrich John,Hans-Jürgen Rumpf / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2016

Data on Internet addiction (IA) and its association with personality disorder are rare. Previous studies are largely restricted to clinical samples and insufficient measurement of IA. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis data are based on a German sub-sample (n = 168; 86 males; 71 meeting criteria for IA) with increased levels of excessive Internet use derived from a general population sample (n = 15,023). IA was assessed with a comprehensive standardized interview using the structure of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and the criteria of Internet Gaming Disorder as suggested in DSM-5. Impulsivity, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and self-esteem were assessed with the widely used questionnaires. Results: Participants with IA showed higher frequencies of personality disorders (29.6%) compared to those without IA (9.3%; p < .001). In males with IA, Cluster C personality disorders were more prevalent than among non-addicted males. Compared to participants who had IA only, lower rates of remission of IA were found among participants with IA and additional cluster B personality disorder. Personality disorders were significantly associated with IA in multivariate analysis. Discussion and conclusion: Comorbidity of IA and personality disorders must be considered in prevention and treatment.

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A BAR KOCHBA-FELKELÉS - A KUTATÁS FÉL-ÉVSZÁZADÁNAK EREDMÉNYEI ÉS KIHÍVÁSAI

Author(s): Tibor Grüll / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2008

According to a commonplace in scholarly literature it is unachievable to write the history of the Bar Kochba revolt. This paper does not attempt the impossible, it merely attempts to take into account the way in which our evidences, that came to light in the last half-century, repaint the traditional picture of the insurrection. The first five chapters discuss the antecedents of the revolt, i.e., the short and long-term consequences of the churban; the uprising under Trajan (the so-called “war of Quietus”); the administrative, economic and military situation of Judaea from 70 to 132 C.E., mainly on the basis of the Babatha-archive. The immediate cause of the Bar Kochba revolt is still debated, as both the foundation of Colonia Aelia Capitolina (ch. 5), and the ban on circumcision, introduced by Hadrian’s legislation (ch. 6), can be taken into account. It is not clear, however, whether these oppressive measures were taken before or after 132; in other words, whether they were causes or consequences of the war. The following chapter is dedicated to Bar Kochba’s messianic pretensions, which, among other things, can be verified with the strong halachic orientation of the papyri produced by the administration of the revolt (ch. 8). Ch. 9 examines the character and magnitude of the Roman military participation in the Bar Kochba revolt, as these are illuminated by the extant epigraphic material. The last chapter deals with the Jewish guerilla tactics and bases: the rebels’ hiding complexes that from the 1990’s have been explored in the territory of Judaea.

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Politička (ne)kreativnost u medijima

Author(s): Radenko Šćekić,Mimo Drašković / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 8/2016

Mass media play a particular role in the formation of public opinion. Mass media also play a very important role in the processes of political communication. In modern democratic countries, the mass media are not legally under the direct control of the government. This creates the impression of fully free and independent media. Politicians try to address their voters through the media. The way in which the media report on the election process and politicians is very important. That is why politicians attempt to promote themselves in public in the best possible way, some with more and some with less creativity. In addition to the traditional media, radio and television, they have at their disposal the media on the rise - the Internet. Through web portals, Facebook pages, Twitter, Instagram and the like, political promotion is presented with a certain touch of creativity.

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Opinia publiczna a Kościół

Author(s): Waldemar Kulbat / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2004

Opinia publiczna to zbiorowe przekonania wyrażane przez ludzi. Składają się na nią postawy, poglądy i przekonania odnośnie do najbardziej żywotnych dla społeczeństwa spraw. Ponieważ opinia publiczna ma ogromne znaczenie w życiu społeczeństwa, więc jest przedmiotem zainteresowania różnych grup i środowisk społecznych, zwłaszcza partii politycznych, grup interesu, grup ideologicznych i światopoglądowych. Opinia publiczna może podlegać manipulacji i sterowaniu poprzez media znajdujące się w dyspozycji grup władzy, biznesu i ideologii „Nie ma dziś takiego miejsca, w którym nie daje się odczuć wpływu środków przekazu na postawy religijne i moralne, na systemy polityczne i społeczne, czy na wychowanie”. Dzięki mediom świat się stał „globalną wioską”. Programy medialne mogą przekazywać nowe hierarchie wartości, autorytety, narzucać sposób myślenia, zmieniać dotychczasowe poglądy.

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Uświęcać środki. Filmowe oblicza kanibalizmu

Author(s): Dominika Zielińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 02/2018

The aim of this article is to present the motive of cannibalism which appears in chosen film contexts. I am interested in how cannibalism can be used as a cultural communication code and how it exist as functional movie thread. Based on the theories of Mary Douglas, Sigmund Freud, Louis-Vincent Thomas, and Claude Leví-Strauss. I present several movie examples and I propose subjective interpretation of the cannibalism motive in the films in several aspects: cannibalism as the symbolic tool of revenge (The cook, the thief, the wife and her lover), as an allegory of consumerism (Jan Švankmajer’s movies), need of meat as determinant of behavior of movie characters (Delicatessen), and cannibalism as grotesque form of helping each other (Fried Green Tomatoes).

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