HOMOSEKSUALNOST

Author(s): Maida Zagorac / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Pojam homoseksualnost je nastao iz dvije riječi: iz starogrčke riječi όμός (homos) što znači isti i latinske riječi sexus, što znači spol. Homoseksualnost se definira kao emotivna i fizička privlačnost prema osobama istog spola, te predstavlja jednu od tri moguće seksualne orijentacije – heteroseksualne, biseksualne i homoseksualne. Termin homoseksualnost osmislio je Karl Heinrich Ulrichs 1862. godine. Termin se odnosio na one osobe koje vole pripadnike_ce svog spola ili koji_e su zarobljeni_e u tijelu suprotnog spola. Za žene se koristio termin homoseksualne žene.

SPOL

Author(s): Dajana Cvjetković / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Biološki spol je određen hromozomima (XX, XY), hormonima (estrogen i progesteron, testosteron) i unutrašnjim i spoljašnjim genitalijama (vulva, klitoris, vagina, testisi i penis). Klasificiranje se vrši na osnovu reproduktivnih organa/funkcija i genitalija na muški, ženski i interspolni. Društveno prihvaćeni su samo muški i ženski spol. Društveno prihvaćeno tretiranje spola je kruto i binarno te uključuje postojanje samo dva spola, muški i ženski. Također, društvena binarnost u odnosu na biološke karakteristike definiše i druge odrednice spola koje su isključivo društveni konstrukt, poput društvenih uloga muškaraca i žena.

HOMOSEKSUALNOST

Author(s): Maida Zagorac / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Pojam homoseksualnost je nastao iz dvije riječi: iz starogrčke riječi μός (homos) što znači isti i latinske riječi sexus, što znači spol. Homoseksualnost se definira kao emotivna i fizička privlačnost prema osobama istog spola, te predstavlja jednu od tri moguće seksualne orijentacije – heteroseksualne, biseksualne i homoseksualne. Termin homoseksualnost osmislio je Karl Heinrich Ulrichs 1862. godine. Termin se odnosio na one osobe koje vole pripadnike_ce svog spola ili koji_e su zarobljeni_e u tijelu suprotnog spola. Za žene se koristio termin homoseksualne žene.

SPOL

Author(s): Dajana Cvjetković / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Biološki spol je određen hromozomima (XX, XY), hormonima (estrogen i progesteron, testosteron) i unutrašnjim i spoljašnjim genitalijama (vulva, klitoris, vagina, testisi i penis). Klasificiranje se vrši na osnovu reproduktivnih organa/funkcija i genitalija na muški, ženski i interspolni. Društveno prihvaćeni su samo muški i ženski spol. Društveno prihvaćeno tretiranje spola je kruto i binarno te uključuje postojanje samo dva spola, muški i ženski. Također, društvena binarnost u odnosu na biološke karakteristike definiše i druge odrednice spola koje su isključivo društveni konstrukt, poput društvenih uloga muškaraca i žena.

Tranzicija, mladi i kriminalitet

Author(s): Oliver Bačanović,Nataša Jovanova / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Accepting the notion of understanding the transition like a combination of deep political, legal, economical and social change within society, with purpose for its fundamental transformation, which can cause dramatic changes, in this paper we start from the premise that transition processes are not only positive but also have negative side (which among other things, expressed through juvenile crime). In this sense, in this paper we have tried to show (description level) the link between the process of transition (specific for the so-called countries in transition), and juvenile crime, whose carriers are representatives of the population which, regarding its main characteristic- age, more specificaly minority, and other biopsycho-social characteristics, belongs to vulnerable groups. In the context of the object and purpose of this paper, are examined this following issues: the concept of transition, a brief overview of the situation in Macedonia after "decomposition of SFRY", transition as a determinant of phenomenology of crime, the impact of transition on young population, and some phenomenological characteristics of juvenile crime in our country during the period of transition. Finally, we suggest juvenile crime to be subject of further deeper researches that will identify not only the phenomenological characteristics of this type of crime, but also to provide enough relevant data that will give answer to the more complex question of the etiology of crime based on objectively determined influence of transition.

Suicide in a Changing Society

Author(s): Branislava Knežić / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Suicide does not choose neither civilization nor nation, neither class nor religion, and that problem has always been occupying the attention of science (anthropology, philosophy, law, psychiatry, psychology, sociology…), religion and arts. But still there is not enough knowledge about that phenomenon and probably we will never definitely find out why a man voluntarily renounces his life and resorts to the most (un)natural salvation. We can ask ourselves with Albert Camus: does deliberating on one’s own existence is at the same time its “undermining”? Considering the ”essential philosophical question” regardless of challenges surpasses the intention for writing this text, naturally limited by its heading and/or subject-matter. Consequently, its purpose is to offer a brief review of apparently trivial changes which were paid by the lives of those – as social psychologist would call them – not oriented toward the future. In fact, at issue here are the ones who, although entirely conscious and of common sense, renounced the life and to whom the changes have brought about disaster instead of salvation. It seems that they were unable or unwilling to adapt to social, political, economic, cultural and ethical changes that have taken place in our country during the past twenty or so years. We experienced, unfortunately, in comparison with others, much more serious changes, including considerable State and social “earthquakes”. And the voice of hope which usually comes down to promises is sometimes quick to betray, particularly when the life falls on the margin of survival and/or the border of the humanly possible.

The Youth and Socio-Religious Conflicts in Africa: The Nigerian Dynamics

Author(s): David C. Ononogbu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Conflicts situations generally result in enormous loss of life, massive displacement, huge economic loss, socio-economic under-development and political instability. The African continent is conflict-prone and Nigeria is not spared her share of the problem. In fact, the conflict dynamics in Nigeria includes two powerful and explosive factors − religion and the youth. Thus, whether acting as precursor or fodder, they constitute the most amorphous and intractable social phenomena in the current socio-political landscape in Nigeria because of the burgeoning youth population and the religious interpretative lens. This paper argues that uneven opportunities and inadequate social and security apparatuses in the society combine well with unbridled religious fervor to engender conflicts in the nation. The study adopted the frustration-aggression theory and the methods of data collection were largely documentary. The data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis.Recommendations include that a proper profiling of the youth population should be undertaken to address the peculiar challenges and needs of young people. Again, labor-oriented and beneficial projects should be set-up to tackle the high levels of poverty and unemployment among the people while adequately engaging the youth.

Participarea socială a persoanelor vârstnice

Author(s): Aurora Lupaş / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Older people represent a category which specifically constitutes the object of social worker intervention. The modern society treats the elderly with disbelief the uselessness, by creating a culture of young people where the older person finds his or her place increasingly difficult. Promoting the concept of „active aging” assumes education and formation for a lifetime, making withdrawing from activity progressive, by practicing activities beneficial to health.

L’explosion des inégalités sociales et le processus d’appauvrissement à l’Ouest

Author(s): Gérard Lafay / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

In the world, we observe since the 1980s an explosion of social inequalities as well as an impoverishment of middle and popular classes in the western countries. In order to remedy for this upsetting evolution, we must try to analysis its causes before to propose realistic solutions.

Co všechno potřebujeme k plánování programů rovných příležitostí?

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Tabulka: Kam se obrátit v případech diskriminace

Author(s): Martina Štěpánková / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Předmluva

Author(s): Lada Wichterlová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Úvodem

Author(s): Alena Wagnerová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Въвеждащи думи

Author(s): / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Antidiskriminaciono zakonodavstvo kao novum u pravnom sistemu u kontekstu pravne države i vladavine prava. Uloga poslanika u reiranju sadržaja zakona

Author(s): Marijana Pajvančić / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

This article deals with the procedure of adopting the Gender Equality Law that forms a part of the equality legislation, and that is a novelty in the Serbian legal order. Although even before this Law was adopted, there were laws that regulated prohibition of discrimination (such as the Law on Prohibition of Discrimination against Persons with Disabilities) or laws that regulated special rights and special measures with the aim to achieve equal opportunities in human rights (such as the Law on the Protection of Rights and Freedoms of National Minorities), until the Gender Equality Law was adopted, the right on the gender equality and the prohibition of discrimination on grounds of sex were not fully and comprehensively regu-lated in one legal act.This article focuses on the procedure of adopting the Gender Equality Law and the impact the members of the Serbian Parliament had on the content of its legal norms. The reasons for such an analysis are threefold. The Gender Equality Law is a new piece of legislation, not only in Serbia but also in the whole region. It prescribes the human rights standards, and concretizes general constitutional guarantees on equality and as such it is a significant step in establishing democracy and the rule of law. Further-more, the preparation of this law has caused wide public debate, and in the adoption procedure numerous modifications were proposed.

The impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Indigenous People of Tamilnadu – A Medical Anthropological Perspective

Author(s): Subramaniam Panneerselvam,Gunanithi Perumal,K.P Subin / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The Indigenous people are culturally unique and they are into many ethno-medicinal practices. There are about 36 indigenous people (Scheduled Tribes) are living in the State of Tamilnadu, India. These people were also seasonally migrating to various places for the jobs. The COVID-19 pandemic has created a great impact on their livelihoods and also on their health. These communities are more vulnerable and the impact of COVID-19 on these communities is under-addressed. The Indigenous communities require a prime attention and more need for awareness on the COVID-19 pandemic. The Elderly population of the Indigenous communities are having traditional knowledge systems and healing practices. The practice of herbal medicine, naturopathy and spiritual healing are preferred by them. Lack of emotional content and belief in public healthcare system continues to distance them from modern medicinal systems. The indigenous communities are generally suffering from diseases like tuberculosis, hyper tension, diabetes mellitus, cardio vascular diseases and sickle cell anemia. These conditions are weakening their immune system and increase their vulnerability towards COVID-19. The prevalence of anemia and malnutrition makes the women and children also lower the resistance towards the COVID-19. The study trying to identify the special strategies to safe guard the Indigenous communities from a medial anthropological perspective through case studies using grounded theory method.

Široko područje nepravde: Biti na strani malenih, malenih (drugih životinja)

Author(s): Lidija Bernardić / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Review of: Lidija Bernardić - Sister Species: Women, Animals, and Social Injustice, ur. Lisa A. Kemmerer

Oružane snage: rod i reforma odbrane

Author(s): Selma Ćosić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Nacionalni sistem sigurnosti je neizbježan, čak i jedan od ključnih elemenata svake države. Osnovni njegov cilj jeste zaštita suvereniteta, teritorijalnog integriteta i političkog poretka od opasnosti, kako izvana (vanjska sigurnost) tako i iznutra (unutarnja sigurnost). Postavlja se pitanje kakva je uloga i položaj žene u sistemu sigurnosti, u ovom slučaju Bosne i Hercegovine, te koliki je doprinos žena očuvanju sigurnosti države. Statistički podaci pokazuju prisustvo vrlo malog broja žena u politici u Bosni i Hercegovini i organima države gdje se odlučuje o sigurnosnim pitanjima, općenito je njihova participacija na mjestima odlučivanja na niskom nivou, kao i učešće u sistemu sigurnosti Bosne i Hercegovine, koji se još uvijek smatra “muškom sferom” djelovanja.

Policijske snage u Bosni i Hercegovini

Author(s): Marija Lučić-Ćatić / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Pitanja rodne ravnopravnosti, ravnopravnosti spolova i jednakih mogućnosti za žene zastupljena su u svim aspektima života. Kao tema postala su važna 70-ih godina prošlog stoljeća, a od tada do danas su dobila na važnosti i postala pitanja od nacionalnog i međunarodnog značaja (Balgač, 2017). Iako pitanje rodne ravnopravnosti i ravnopravnosti spolova zaokuplja veliki dio znanstvenih i istraživačkih interesa, neveliki je broj onih koje zanima položaj žena u policijskim strukturama kao dominantnom muškom sustavu. Ovakvo stanje je evidentno i u Bosni i Hercegovini (BiH), no unapređenje položaja žena u policijskim strukturama, kao jedan od načina ugradnje rodne perspektive u mirovne i sigurnosne napore, postaje prepoznato na međunarodnom planu. Naime, usvajanjem Rezolucije Vijeća sigurnosti UN-a 1325 “Žene, mir i sigurnost” (2000) pokreće se niz aktivnosti na globalnom planu koje za cilj imaju povećanje sudjelovanja žena u rješavanju sukoba kao i u uspostavljanju i održavanju mira (Wise i Centar za sigurnosne studije, 2017).

Preporuke za upoznavanje terminologije rodne ravnopravnosti

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Priređivačice i priređivač ovog zbornika čitateljicama i čitateljima, radi boljeg i sveobuhvatnijeg razumijevanja same teme, preporučuju da konsultuju sljedeće izvore.