Неравенство в системата на училищното образование

Author(s): Elena Lavrentsova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

The article discusses the issue of inequality in accessibility and quality of education, which is rightly considered to be one of the most significant and current in contemporary socio-political and pedagogical research. It reveals the deep connection between inequality, ontologically rooted in the foundations of society and the institutional nature of education. Various constraints and barriers on the way to obtaining a quality school education are outlined. The situation in Bulgaria is characterized, where educational inequality has become one of the persistent institutes in the post-communist period in the development of the country.

Schools and Universities as Social Institutions

Author(s): Emilj Sulejmani,Shikjerije Sulejmani / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

Society is a general category, which implies the area in which people occupy space and time in a part of the universe on this planet, the Earth, i.e. all of the people who live on Earth create relationships which they establish among themselves in the process of labor and outside of it; the relationships between the people who live in a given territory, country, area; the socio-political order, the economical basis and infrastructure, all developed in a specific period of history. The main subjects and objects of a society are the people. They are also the creators of labor, of the good and beautiful. The society of people does not only create conditions but it also creates means for life. By using the physical and intellectual abilities it creates a system of productive force and a system of knowledge, different from any other being. Education is a sociological and philosophical immanence, which serves as the basis for all pedagogical principles, notions, opinions, and ideas typified and transcended in the educational area and the educational being of people. Education is a sociological, philosophical, pedagogical, and anthropological process that gives people knowledge, skills, and abilities. Education, through the systematic acquisition of scientific knowledge about nature, society and the human reasoning and it leads to acquisition of skills which develop and establish specific human traits, such as: knowledge, abilities, interests and opinions for different social and philosophical views of the world. Education as a term has many meanings. It implies an institution, a process, content and it is a result of organized or non-organized learning, for development of different cognitive abilities, and the acquisition of different knowledge, skills and habits, such as reading, writing, calculus and general knowledge about physics, the social and economic environment. Education is a part of the society or a sub-system of the global social system. Since society is part of the social system, it has all the characteristics of the global society as a whole.

За етичните кодекси в сферата на образованието

Author(s): Georgi Georgiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

Pedagogical ethics is perhaps one of the oldest professional ethics, which we have discovered in the teachings of the ancient philosophers. The formation of the specific professional group of pedagogues in society is also the beginning of certain moral requirements towards them, which have changed over the years according to the socio-historical development. The lack of a unified Teacher‘s Code of Ethics has led to the downplaying of this subordinate normative document and its adoption as something insignificant in regulating moral relationships in the school.

Управленското консултиране – възможност за поддържане на равновесие в позицията на директора като ментор за успешното управление в съвременното училище

Author(s): Georgi Georgiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

This article represents the capabilities of the school head teacher as a manager in ensuring the equilibrium of the management system in the modern Bulgarian school. Here are the main approaches and levels of interaction in the hierarchy.This consultation is a type of intellectual professional activity and during it; the qualified counselor provides objective and independent advices that promote the successful management of the organization.The success of the consultancy activity is traced as it is an independent and essential element.The manager should design and conduct their consulting activity according to a set of principles representing plenty of characteristics, basic rules and methods of advisory actions that are taken into account in the course of the consultation according to the school environment.

Eзиковата култура на българина днес

Author(s): Mihail Videnov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

In recent decades, the resentment of the language, spoken by the Bulgarian politicians, is growing. The article suggests that the reason for this lays in the poor speech culture of the politicians. The official speeches are overrun with Turkish words, slang and forbidden words. In order to demonstrate their pseudo language proficiency, the speakers use English words and cite Latin sentences without any mastery, and this makes their speech even more inappropriate. The author defends the school language education by saying that adolescents spend with their teachers much less time than watching TV. However, the author reproaches those mother tongue teachers who turn the Bulgarian language classes into classes for teaching literature.The article criticises the publicly speaking people who perceive democracy as time when any violation of the regular language usage is allowed.

България и началото на славянската писменост и литература

Author(s): Vanya Micheva,Elka Mircheva,Mariyana Tsibranska-Kostova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

The focus of the article are the most significant moments of the activity of St. Cyril and St. Methodius which have undoubted connection with Bulgaria and the Bulgarian language, as the appearance of the first Slavonic alphabet the Glagolitic on the base of Bulgarian dialect from Thessaloniki area; the saving and the enrichment of the Cyrillo-Methodian literature in Bulgarian state after Methodius’s death in Moravia; the outset of the second alphabet the Cyrillic in Preslav; the spread of the Old Bulgarian literacy and literature all over the world.

За системността в обучението по български език

Author(s): Angelina Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

The article examines the Bulgarian language curriculum in secondary school as an internal systemic cause for failure and associated student dropout in the Bulgarian education system. The author states that the curricula do not offer a system of inter-related knowledge and the programs’ content does not correspond to the development characteristics of the children. In summary, the curricula’s shortcomings can be classified in 3 groups: 1. Problems, related to misjudged age characteristics of the adolescents. 2. Problems, associated with the system of teaching of specific linguistic knowledge. 3. Problems, related to the entire cognitive system (imbalance of the cross-subject connections).

Българското професионално образование в неформални и/или формални неизменни перспективи

Author(s): Yana Rasheva-Merdjanova,Iliana Petkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

The material presents a genealogical model of development of the Bulgarian vocational education. This model of socio-economic mechanisms for professional training and development represents the integration of the various components that are key to the overall professional and personal profile of the specialist, its entry in the society. The text illustrates the rapid movement and synchronous parallel levels in the creation, establishment and regulation before the Liberation in 1878 and during the first decades after that - a true Renaissance period of economic, managerial, educational progress. The thesis is that craftsmanship is the prototype of vocational education in Bulgaria. On this background, the figures of remarkable institutions, pedagogues and managers have stand out. They set the beginning of the Bulgarian vocational schools - centenarians. Their history continues today as the most stable tradition-perspective for the development of Bulgarian vocational education and training in all its forms – formal, non-formal, continuing education for adults, informal education, handicraft work and qualification at the workplace.

Ограмотяване на възрастни в мултикултурна среда – специфика и проб­леми

Author(s): Neli Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

The problems of the specifics of pedagogical interaction process in adult literacy teaching and learning in multicultural environment are interpreted in the article. The teacher methodic approach towards bilingual adults is discussed. Methods, techniques, forms and instruments appropriate for adult teaching and learning in multicultural environment are proposed. The main focus is on the variability of the teacher approach.

Ролята на личността на учителя и нравственото възпитание

Author(s): Galina Yahova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

Nowadays the problem about the moral upbringing is one of the most difficult and responsible tasks. It is precisely the problems inside the Bulgarian family that had a negative effect on the formation of the child’s personality. It all begins in the family. Every characteristic feature and behavior in children can lead to a successful personality establishment. The relationships between the family members play an extremely important role in the child’s life. They are the first role-models of interpersonal relationships. In the Bulgarian school the relationship with the family must be placed on a new, qualitative level, so that the educational strategy will have an affect not only on the student, but also on his parents. Education is not about obeying the rules, but to find the person in and to improve the communications. This is exactly the reason why the teachers role is so important. The historical knowledge about the development of the moral education enables educators, teachers and mentors, who dedicated their activities to the formation and the establishment of the growing generations, so that to estimate all the specific tasks and requirements with an enriched and mature thought, related to the moral persistence of the personality and to the educational unit.

Диагностика на знанията и уменията на учениците в XII клас върху стихотворението „Вяра“ от Никола Вапцаров

Author(s): Zaprina Glushkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

This article features on the experience of the teacher to change the perspective of teaching and studying the poetry of Vaptsarov – often stylistically marked with high rhetoric; even the most exalted phrases are referring to the internal flow of thoughts about the human being, his values, life, art, love and faith.

Освобождението на България в Папската медия отпреди 140 години

Author(s): Veneta Nenkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

Базови превенционни програми при проблеми в поведението при деца в яслена и в предучилищна възраст

Author(s): Svetla Staykova,Gergana Petrova,Ana Deneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2016

Behavioral problems of infancy and preschool children tend to persist when left untreated and place affected individuals at higher risk of compromised outcomes. There is an increasing public interest in the possibility that early intervention or preventive efforts could reduce the severity or even prevent mental disorders later in life. Identifying children who are at risk of developing an emotional or behavioral disorder can help to intervene before negative behaviors become entrenched. Early identification of behavioral difficulties and early implementation of family support programs promote better mental health outcomes for children at risk of behavioral, emotional and mental health problems. Therefore it is essential to provide a systematic, organized support to children before going to school, even in kindergarten and creche groups.

Немските военнопленници в Гулаг и значението им за СССР

Author(s): Hristina Pavlova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

Between 1941 – 1945 around 3,2 million German POWs are confronted with the harsh realities of the Soviet Gulag. From them 1,1 million die of exhaustion, illnesses and hunger. This article will try to follow the journey of the German POWs from the battle field to the labor camps, their way of life during captivity and the challenges surrounding their repatriation. A considerable part of the POWs stay in the Soviet camps up until 1956. Here we will try to answer the question whether their long captivity lies in the Soviet’s demand for cheap labor or in the Soviet’s willingness to use the German POWs as an instrument for applying pressure on the Western powers and the FRG.

Военновременна София и подготовката за въздушна отбрана (пролетта на 1941 г. – лятото на 1943 г.)

Author(s): Radoslava Maslarska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

Since the Kingdom of Bulgaria had joined the Tripartite Pact on 1 March 1941, until the middle of 1943, ordinary Bulgarians lived with an illusion of a “symbolic war”. Life was much more difficult than the pre-war years, traditional Bulgarian goods gradually disappeared from the market, and measures were taken to defend against an external attack, especially an airstrike. The real war that would demolish the capital and throw the country into chaos was drawing close, despite the fact that few people were aware of that until that moment.

Северна Тракия – случаи на миграции и депортации през ХV – ХVІІ в. и техният исторически контекст

Author(s): Damian Borisov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

The aim of the discourse is to add informatively, so far as it is possible, and contextualize direct and indirect records from initial document sources for the status and the settlement of ethnocultural communities, different from the Bulgarian (Tartarian, Serbian, Hungarian – for instance), in Northern Thrace in the period XV – XVII century. In this way a segment of the common reconstruction of the processes of ethnodemographic and settlement dynamics in the defined geographic perimeter will be build.

Обучението по история в българските неделни училища в чужбина – проб­леми и перспективи

Author(s): Valentina Alexandrova-Kirova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

The article examines the problems and challenges of history education in Bulgarian Sunday schools abroad.

Играта и нейната роля в психическото развитие на детето

Author(s): Lev Vygotsky / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2018

Комплексна методика за идентификация на деца в предучилищна възраст с риск за специфични нарушения на четенето

Author(s): Diana Ignatova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2018

Development of reading abilities has a fundamental role in the overall social and cognitive functioning of every person. Growing number of primary school children with specific difficulties in the mastering of reading technique has necessitated the development of a system for prevention and identification of specific reading disabilities at pre-school age.The aim of the present study is to propose a model for identification of children (between 3-5 years old) at risk of belonging to the group of specific reading disabilities. The exposition systematizes the main determinants in the process of evaluating of specific reading disabilities. In order to form a set of diagnostic signs with prognostic value, some risk factors and significant diagnostic markers, as well as their correlations with the reading processes are discussed. Data from standardization of a test battery for the assessment of risk regarding specific reading disabilities in pre-school children is presented.

Кажи и покажи: за ролята на жестовете в езиковото обучение

Author(s): Ekaterina Sofronieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2018

This article presents three interrelated studies on the use of gestures by children, university students and teachers who apply the Narrative Format model for second language acquisition in their practice. The model was created by Taeschner (2005).The results of the first research project, implemented in Bulgaria and abroad, verify that using gestures facilitates and supports children’s second language acquisition.The two studies which followed were conducted among university students in pedagogy from Sofia University and language teachers from various nursery schools. Results verify the relationship between gestures, used by teachers and their registered levels of empathic concerns. Gestures are viewed as part of the Teacher Behaviour Profile. The more empathic teachers are, the more frequently they use gestures in their interactions with the children. This has a direct impact on the learning achievements of the children. Furthermore, children taught by teachers with higher levels of empathy show better results in their language acquisition.