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Managerial analysis of mobbing and fear in the workplace

Author(s): Zuzana Birknerová / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2011

The main aim of this report is to research and analyze mobbing and fear in the workplace from the managerial perspective because such behaviour is often regarded as negative or undesirable and it has various effects on the employees. The study is divided into the theoretical and the empirical part. The theoretical part describes mobbing in general and explains this phenomenon from the viewpoint of its historical development and as connected to fear. The empirical part includes the main objectives, hypotheses, and methods of investigation. The research is based primarily on the statistical analyses of mobbed persons in comparison with other employees, and the results are supported by tables, graphs, and concluding discussions.

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Organizational innovation – significant factorial connections

Author(s): Alain Spalanzani,Dumitru Zaiţ,Adriana Zait / Language(s): English Issue: Spec/2011

Innovation provides for a certain organization the most important competitive advantages. Previous researches emphasized different influences and designed coherent organizational innovation factorial systems, suggesting particular relationships and models for different categories of innovations and organizations. An important issue of organizational innovation was, however, less considered and analyzed: it is the relation between different factors of organizational innovation and the performance of innovative activities, for which every organization spends important resources and puts into practice impressive strategies. Our study has as starting point a number of questions for which it intends to find answers or at least suggest possible solutions. The main question is: what elements (factors, variables, expenses and effects type) can be considered into the equation by a company in order to stimulate innovation and obtain a certain level of innovational performance? As an acceptable postulate for our approach, we considered that the innovational performance of an organization has to be associated with those novelties (products, services, activities, knowledge) recognized by the market, and which bring additional value to that organization, through commercialization. As immediate result, the study suggests a few logical relations between the construct of organizational innovation performance and the main influence factors. The study is mainly theoretical, with a deductive and ethical development, based on a thorough analysis of previous recent results in the field of organizational innovation.

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Interaction between leaders and followers as an antecedent of job performance: an empirical study in Malaysia

Author(s): Azman Ismail,Chiong Siok Tiong,Mohd Na’eim Ajis,Noor Faizzah Dollah / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2010

Organizational leadership literature highlights that interaction between leaders and followers has two major features: participative style and consultative style. The ability of leaders to properly implement such leadership styles has a significant impact on job performance. Even though the nature of this relationship has been studied, little is known about the role of interaction between leaders and followers as an antecedent of job performance people oriented leadership research literature. Therefore, this study was conducted to measure the effect of interaction between leaders and followers on job performance using 100 usable questionnaires gathered from employees who have worked in one one city based local authority in Sarawak, Malaysia. Outcomes of stepwise regression analysis showed two major findings: first, relationship between participative style significantly correlated with job performance. Second, relationship between consultative style significantly correlated with job performance. Further, this result demonstrates that interaction between leaders and followers does act as a full antecedent of job performance in the leadership behavior model of the studied organization. In addition, discussion, implications and conclusion are elaborated.

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Understanding software development team performance

Author(s): G. P. Sudhakar / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2010

This paper gives the popular definitions of team, essential characteristics of teams and team development stages. It discusses the previous empirical studies undertaken to investigate the software development team performance. The factors affecting the software development team performance have been explained. It reviews the past research done in finding the performance of software development teams. It also discusses some of the representative research done on team performance in no software teams as well.

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Emocionalne odrednice iscrpljenosti i zadovoljstva poslom predmetnih učitelja

Author(s): Ivana Macuka,Irena Burić,Ivana Batur / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2017

The teaching profession can be considered an emotionally demanding one since teachers usually experience a wide variety of pleasant and unpleasant emotions of significant intensity. Such emotions, as well as the strategies teachers may implement in order to regulate them, can have a significant impact on teachers' well-being, burnout, job satisfaction and their intention to stay in the profession. The aim of this study was to examine the contribution of different pleasant and unpleasant emotions that teachers experience in relation to their students, parents, colleagues and the educational system in general, as well as the emotional labor strategies they implement to regulate such emotions, in explaining teachers' emotional exhaustion (as a key component of burnout) and job satisfaction. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that teachers' emotions and emotional labor strategies have a unique significant contribution in explaining the variance of emotional exhaustion and job satisfaction. Teachers who experience higher levels of unpleasant emotions of fatigue, anger and disappointment, and use surface acting more frequently, also experience higher levels of emotional exhaustion. Furthermore, teachers who experience joy and pride in relation to their students more intensely, and freely express their naturally felt emotions, are more satisfied with their job. Finally, teachers who experience a higher intensity of fatigue and disappointment, and those who use surface acting more frequently, are less satisfied with their job.

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Wykorzystanie metafor w identyfikacji i kształtowaniu postaw przedsiębiorczych

Author(s): Beata Krawczyk-Bryłka,Katarzyna Stankiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2017

Students’ attitudes towards entrepreneurship are an important issue in entrepreneurial education. They include cognitive, emotional and behavioral aspects that influence students’ willingness to start their own business. Diagnosis of students’entrepreneurial attitudes is crucial for the preparation of appropriate training programmes. In this paper, some commonly used proverbs and phrases (referred to as metaphors) are proposed as a diagnostic method for the assessment of entrepreneurial attitudes and as a pragmatic method that can be used to form proactive entrepreneurial attitudes.The aim of the study was to verify that entrepreneurial metaphors described in the literature are up to date and to identify current metaphors pertaining to running a new business as perceived by business students. The authors’ original questionnaire was used to evaluate the accuracy of known metaphors (4-point Likert’s scale) and to identify student’s own metaphors. Statistical analysis of obtained results (thet-Student test for one group was used) showed that the most accurate metaphors related to entrepreneurship were related to its perception as a management process,hard work, overcoming obstacles and competition. Analysis of metaphors created by the respondents allowed to identify three dominant categories of entrepreneurial activities: overcoming obstacles and barriers, taking risk in uncertain environment and proactivity understood as responsibility for the new venture development. The research resulted in a catalogue of current entrepreneurship metaphors and in the list of recommendations for entrepreneurial education. We also presented an example of the such usage in practice.

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Kaizen concept in the process of a quality improvement in the company

Author(s): Marcin Jakubiec,Elwira Brodnicka / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

Following article concerns a topic of quality improvement realized by a concept of continuous improvement – Kaizen. The main goal of the article is to analyze of practical usage of Kaizen, in terms of elimination all waste and continuous improvement. The article is divided into two parts: theoretical and cognitive ones. In the first part of it, the authors described leanphilosophy and continuous improvement concept (Kaizen), which are signs to overall company improvement.The cognitive part of the article concerns presentation of practical usage of Kaizen concept rules in chosen automotive sector company. This is a worldwide company with its subsidiary in Poland in Bielsko-Biała. Its main specialization are casts. The company specializes in casting of high complex aluminum components such as: cylinder heads, engine blocks, transmission parts and structural components. The authors used case study method and formulated following research problems: features of Kaizen team, basic rules of Kaizen team, plan of Kaizen action and tools used during Kaizen action. Kaizen actions in analyzed company are realized during so-called “Kaizen week”. There is a team built from the company’s employees. As their effect (Kaizen actions) exact solutions of quality problems are formulated. The company leads also so-called “after Kaizen” actions, which are used in a case of problems which require longer time for their elimination. According to the Kaizen philosophy all activities realized in the company in quality area have continuous character.

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Kierunki rozwoju zarządzania jakością szansą na rozwój polskich przedsiębiorstw produkcyjnych i usługowych w Polsce

Author(s): Katarzyna Łyp-Wrońska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

In the current economic situation in Poland, all companies – manufacturing and service industries, are facing growing demands of customers. At this time having only ISO certificate may be insufficient for companies that operate increasingly on external markets. This involves the use of modern technology, minimizing cost, short cycle of innovation, continuous improvement, which is inseparably connected with quality management. The purpose of this article is to present the most widespread concepts related to quality management: such as:TQM, Kaizen, Lean, and Six Sigma. The choice of their application may vary depending on various factors. They can also be used in whole, or select, if necessary, some of the assumptions.

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Kompetencje „miękkie” kandydatów uczestniczących w procedurze selekcji pracowników w opinii rekruterów

Author(s): Michał Tomczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2015

The main problem of this article is a try to explore the way that recruiters consider candidates performance during recruitment process, their competences, “soft skills”,what features they find as valuable and which selection methods currently are the most popular. Empirical part of text is based on data gained from qualitative research, concretely from an interview carried out among professional recruiters who participate in candidates selection process in companies.

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Örgüt Başarısızlığının Nedenlerinden Biri: Mobbing

Author(s): Hürriyet Çimen,Firuzan Saç / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 33/2017

There are many cases that negatively affect on loyalty, citizenship and organizational climate in organizations where the number of workers is high especially. One of thems is mobbing. Mobbing has been studied extensively since the 1980s and has been found to be a disruption of organizational behavior in business. It is possible that underdeveloped and traditionalist societies like Turkey can become cultural resistance against mobbing. However, as long as measures are not taken in the globalizing business life, mobbing is likely to be encountered. Mobbing eventually damages organization. For this reason it is necessary to know the causes and consequences of mobbing and what measures can be taken against it. The purpose of this study is to identify the causative agents of mobbing and identify the likely individual and organizational consequences of mobbing and to determine what to do on an organizational scale to remove mobbing from the scene.

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Badania sondażowe opinii w procesie identyfikowania pracoholizmu w organizacji

Author(s): Dawid Szostek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

This article aims to systematize the knowledge of how opinion surveys can help to identify the phenomenon of workaholism in the organization. Considerations of the author are based on the available literature, as well as on the results of a study on the prevalence and symptoms of workaholism among the staff of the Faculty of Economic Sciences and Management of the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun. Research on primary sources was carried out in March and April 2015 using a survey on the overall population of 110 people (were received 26 completed questionnaires). The collected results allow to notice the symptoms of workaholism phenomenon in the analyzed population. They are characterized by a different intensity, depending on the type of symptoms (scale refers to 13 different symptoms). Reflections in the article are a contribution to the further discussion on the diagnosis and prevention of workaholism. This in turn may translate into a more effective and efficient operation of any type of organisation.

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Using Servqual for Public Library Service Quality Assessment

Author(s): Igor Podbrežnik / Language(s): English Issue: 08/2015

The mission and the dynamics of libraries change in line with the technological and social development. Public libraries are dynamic educational, cultural and social centres of their respective local communities. It is noted that public libraries are service-oriented organisations based on librarians, who seek to provide users with quality services, who like working with people and want to be helpful. Library services are actions, operations, or activities, or a set of a large number of activities, that are more or less intangible, that come to existence as part of the interaction between library users and library employees, its material resources and systems, and are designed to meet the needs of users, which represents their value added. Library services are economic activities that create value by providing users with benefits at a given time and a given place, thereby producing the desired change to the benefit of the recipients of the services in question. Measuring customer/users satisfaction has become one of the most popular marketing strategies in all service industries, as well as in public libraries, and it is an approach that infiltrates many academic disciplines, such as service management, psychology, service marketing, library and information science. The purpose of the study is to examine users’ expectation and perceptions of service quality in Slovenian public libraries. The aim is to assess the expected and perceived service quality of library. A modified SERVQUAL scale was used to assess service quality expectations and perceptions from the perspective of users of services in public library. Questionnaire in Slovenian language was prepared by a modified version of the SERVQUAL questionnaire. Data were collected via electronic mails to library users in five public libraries. Descriptive Statistic and Dependent Samples t-test were conducted, as well as Importance-Performance Analysis. The results of the quantitative assessment of perceived service quality may provide some insights on how users rate the service quality of Slovenian libraries. Thus, the findings can be used as a guide for library management to improve the crucial quality attributes and enhance service quality and performance of the library.

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Analysis of Burnout Level of Police Officers: Evidence from Malatya, Turkey

Author(s): Recai Aydin,Mehmet Ali Tekiner / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

Burnout, a relatively new concept, is defined as feeling cold and distant about one’s job or profession due to extreme stress or low level of job satisfaction. Police profession is considered to be one of the most likely places to observe burnout for obvious reasons. There are numerous empirical studies conducted in highly stressful or dangerous professions. They find that burnout level increases with age, lower level of job satisfaction and length of service. This study investigates the current situation burnout among Turkish police officers using a sample surveyed in the province of Malatya. The study compares the stress and burnout levels of police employees with respect to their gender, position and length of service; and finds that burnout level is higher among ordinary police officers, male police employees and more experienced police employees.

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Przestrzenne zróżnicowanie zachowań konsumentów na rynku usług zdrowotnych na przykładzie lecznictwa uzdrowiskowego

Author(s): Jolanta Mirek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2015

An aim of this study is to identify the differences in consumers’ behaviours in the market for health services in spatial terms on the example of health resort treatment. The article is of the research nature and is based on an analysis of the existing data. Based on them, the author presented the distribution of variable connected directly or indirectly with behaviours by provinces where the statutory health resorts are located. The carried out analysis allowed statement that there is in Poland a diversified pattern of behaviours towards the choice of health resorts.

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Pomiar motywacji pracowników oraz satysfakcji klientów. Badania empiryczne na przykładzie lubelskiego sektora centrów handlowych

Author(s): Łukasz Skowron / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2015

In his article, the author presented findings of his own surveys whose aim was to recognise the level of employees’ motivation and customers’ satisfaction in the Lublin sector of shopping centres. To determine the marketing phenomena described in the article the author used the methodology of path modelling. Findings of the carried out research prove that the analysed processes run in a different way in case of individual market entities. This suggests that in the market reality managers of each of the commercial entities in question should focus on other problem issues in order to build long-term positive relations on the firm-customer and firm-employee planes. The article is of the research nature.

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Wpływ działań merchandisingowych na zachowania nabywcze konsumentów

Author(s): Agnieszka Werenowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2015

Merchandising is an intrinsic part of marketing. It is called a ‘silent seller’ and its essence is a skilful management of the sales floor and an adequate presentation of products. In her article, the author presented the selected techniques applied in merchandising and determined the impact of merchandising activities on purchasing behaviours of consumers of products from the FMCG branch. She made use of internal surveys of the level of sales carried out by the marketing department of Stock Spirits Group (SSG) as well as the diagnostic survey. The carried out surveys allowed indicating the three factors affecting the purchasing decisions being made: free copies, price and product placement on the shelf. The most effective was the use of free copies. Also product’s price had a very important impact on the purchasing decisions. Most undertaken measures at POS were assessed very well. However, there were suggestions to reduce the number of tasting actions. It was not the form preferred by consumers. Additionally, in favour of the resignation from this technique speak high costs of its application. The article is a case study.

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Wpływ czynników środowiskowych na wybór i spożycie żywności

Author(s): Ewa Babicz-Zielińska,Marzena Jeżewska-Zychowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

An aim of consideration is to analyse the state of knowledge of impact of the environmental factors on food choice. In their article, the authors used a review of the recent news published in scientific journals. The research findings indicate that the economic factors are a very important determinant of food selection, particularly among individuals with low economic status. The authors observed impact of such social factors as family and school or mass media on nutritional behaviours. They also heavily depended on culture, especially in evaluation of healthy diet by consumers of various countries. The preferences and choice of products or meals were also substantially affected by the context, i.e. the place, time and company with whom the meal is consumed. Practical implications of awareness of the environmental factors in food selection and consumption mean the possibility to develop by food producers a relevant marketing strategy aimed at consumer’s needs satisfaction. The social implication is the possibility to shape correct nutritional patterns. The article is a review of the literature.

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Proekologiczne zachowania młodych polskich konsumentów

Author(s): Joanna Petrykowska,Iwona Escher / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

The subject matter of the article concerns consumer behaviours included in the subject literature to the category of pro-ecological behaviours. The main aim of considerations is to determine the scope and frequency of such behaviours by young Polish consumers. In order to implement the assumed aim the author used the literature concerning purchasers’ behaviours, the secondary data accessible in the research works describing pro-ecological activity of Polish consumers as well as the data obtained from own research carried out in the period of February-March 2014 by the method of auditorium questionnaire on the non-random sample of 617 respondents (students of the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun and the Torun School of Banking). Most of the persons surveyed shared the opinion that the present and the future condition of the natural environment depends on consumers’ pro-ecological activity and its improvement is not possible without the proper ecological education. On the other hand, the obtained data showed that not all respondents undertake pro-ecological behaviours and if they undertake, then in different degree and with different frequency. This is the basis for drawing the conclusion that views of young Polish consumers not always go hand in hand with the activities undertaken thereby. The reason for lack of cohesion may be, inter alia, the typical for their young age immaturity and instability in the area of their cognitive, emotional and behavioural sphere. Identification thereof indicates the need to intensify the carried out in Poland ecological education in such a way that it would be conducive in a greater degree to formation in young people (consumers) of the views recognising the need for concern for the natural environment and pro-ecological behaviours cohesive with them.

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Satysfakcja zawodowa a poziom wykonania pracy – implikacje dla postrzegania jakości usług przez konsumentów. Przypadek hoteli Trójmiasta

Author(s): Aleksandra Grobelna / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

The article is of the research nature, and an aim of considerations is to present the role and importance of employees’ satisfaction for shaping the desired consumers’ attitudes and behaviours in the market for hotel services. The research issue is an attempt to find an answer to the question whether there exist any dependence between professional satisfaction and creativeness of human resources and, as result, with the level of job performance by the personnel of the hotels surveyed. The above-mentioned dependence may be translated into the perceived by purchasers quality of the services being provided and, in result, into clients’ satisfaction and loyalty. The applied research methods are: a critical review of the subject literature concerning the undertaken problems and empirical research carried out by the method of survey at two Tricity hotels. The carried out research is of the case study nature and its results show that the way to win satisfied and loyal customers may be, inter alia, reinforcing satisfaction of employees who, through their creativity and way of job performance, may have created surplus-value and usefulness for the client. The research findings showed an important connection between satisfaction and creativeness of human resources and, in result thereof, with the level of job performance. Proof of that dependence may provide for the need and direction of further empirical surveys that would allow for verification of the made in the article assumption that there exists dependence between job performance by the hotel personnel and the perceived quality of services and consequences thereof for consumers’ attitudes and behaviours in the market.

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Zachowania konsumenckie na rynku pieczywa i ich wybrane uwarunkowania

Author(s): Maria Królak,Marzena Jeżewska-Zychowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2015

An aim of the research survey was to diagnose consumer behaviours in the market for bread and determinants thereof. The survey was carried out in 2012 in the group of 254 people with higher education. There were assessed, inter alia, the frequency and type of bread being bought as well as the factors deciding the issue of bread purchase. The majority of respondents were buying bread several times a week. Daily purchases of bread were declared by significantly more men, individuals aged 46-55, and those positively assessing their income. The elder were the individuals, there more often they displayed purchasing preferences concerning one type of bread. More popular were purchases of wheat bread than rye, also white than dark, and sex and age statistically significantly differentiated purchasing behaviours. Women preferred purchases of dark bread, while elder people – mixed bread. Bread purchase was most strongly determined by assessment of flavour, fibre content and price. The research participants displayed in the market for bread great diversity of opinions and behaviours, what indicate the need to take into account those differences in the product offer as well as in the way of advising of products. The article is of the research nature.

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