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The Role of Psychological Support for Adolescents With Cancer

Author(s): Elisabeta Niță,Diana Bradu,Mihaela Camelia Popa / Language(s): English Issue: 11/2021

Objectives. The aim of the study was to identify specific elements of stress for adolescents surviving cancer, and the working hypothesis was that there are statistically significant correlations between the items of the three scales used in the study. Material and methods. Between January and February 2020, 45 adolescents participated (13-18 years), 26 girls and 19 boys, in a survey in which three tests were used: Child Depression Inventory - CDI 10 items, Scale of irrationality for children and adolescents-CASI with 28 items in four subscales (Intolerance to frustration given by rules, Global self-assessment, Absolutist requirement for justice, Intolerance to frustration given to work) and post-traumatic developmental scale-SRGS with 15 items. Results. Statistically significant associations were identified between certain items from the scales used in the study and the result very highly statistically significant is given by associating item "I realized it was better to have more trust in me" with item "I learned to defend my personal rights" (p <0.05, X 2 t east). The interaction between the dependent variable "I learned to defend my personal rights" with the independent variables "It's awful to be wrongfully blamed by the teacher" and "There are things that bother me" through the regression model and the result was statistically significant (p <0.05, F test). Conclusions. The associations and the results obtained indicate the need for effective communication with adolescents with cancer to identify psycho-emotional needs and stress management.

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Ekonomik güçlük ve intihar olasılığı arasındaki ilişkide algılanan stres, problem çözme becerileri ve evlilik uyumunun aracı rolü: Ekonomik Güçlük ve İntihar Olasılığı

Author(s): Kübra Meltem Karaoğlu,Ayşegül Durak Batıgün / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2021

The aim of the study was to determine the mediating role of perceived stress, marital adjustment, and problem-solving skills in the relationship between the economic hardship perceived by married individuals and the suicide probability. In addition, determining the relationship between demographic variables such as gender, education level and suicide probability was the second aim of the study. 307 married individuals between the ages of 20 and 60, who live in various provinces, constitute the sample group. 173 (56.4%) of the participants are women and 134 (43.6%) are men. Data were collected using the Economic Hardship Scale, Suicide Probability Scale, Problem Solving Skills Inventory, Marital Adjustment Scale and Perceived Stress Scale. It was found that problem solving skills, marital adjustment and perceived stress had a partial mediating role both in the relationship between total monthly income and suicide probability, and in the relationship between economic pressure and suicide probability. The relationship between gender and education level and the probability of suicide was also examined, and no significant difference was found in terms of gender. However, suicide probability scores of primary and high school graduates were found to be significantly higher than those who had university education and above. Findings suggests that besides the economic difficulties, inadequate problem-solving skills, low marital adjustment, and perceived stress should be taken into consideration in evaluating the probability of suicide. It is thought that the findings can provide valuable clues to mental health professionals during the structuring of the therapies.

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Reddedilme duyarlılığı ile yalnızlık arasındaki ilişki: Kırılgan narsisizm, büyüklenmeci narsisizm ve benlik saygısının aracı rolü: Reddedilme Duyarlılığı ve Narsisizmin Yalnızlıkla İlişkisi

Author(s): Arda Çağlayaner,Işıl Çoklar-Okutkan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2021

Rejection sensitivity and loneliness are some of the psychological factors that negatively affect people’s lives. The literature has revealed evidence that rejection sensitivity may be associated with loneliness. The purpose of this study was to examine the possible mediating roles of vulnerable narcissism, grandiose narcissism, and self-esteem in the relationship between rejection sensitivity and loneliness. The research sample consisted of 296 [231 (78%) women, 63 (21.3%) men] university students in İstanbul, whose ages are between 18 and 28 years. Socio-demographic Information Form, Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire, Pathological Narcissism Inventory, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and UCLA Loneliness Scale were used for the data collection. The findings of the analyses revealed that vulnerable narcissism, grandiose narcissism, and self-esteem significantly predict loneliness. When the serial mediation models were tested, it was found that grandiose narcissism and self-esteem in the first model, and vulnerable narcissism, and self-esteem in the second model had mediating roles respectively in the relationship between rejection sensitivity and loneliness. Research findings are discussed in the light of the literature, and the limitations of the study and its contributions to clinical practice and suggestions for future research are presented.

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FROM MYSTICISM TO NEUROSCIENCE: THE HISTORY OF PSYCHIATRIC SERVICE OF THE BUKOVINA REGION

Author(s): Iryna Herasymiuk,Natalya Grinko,Bohdan Sumariuk / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

Зародження психіатричної допомоги на Буковині можна поділити на два етапи: перший етап - донауковий, другий етап - науковий або нозологічний. Під час донаукового періоду надання допомоги особам з ментальними порушеннями відбувалося при монастирях. Їх розцінювали як одержимих, тобто осіб з бісами. На теренах сучасної Чернівецької області знаходилося декілька таких монастирів, де могли отримати допомогу пацієнти з психічними розладами. З моменту проголошення Буковини коронним краєм австро-угорської імперії, надання психіатричної допомоги змінилося. Зародилася психіатрична служба та розуміння, що таке психічний розлад. Відбувся перехід до наукового тлумачення та підходу надання психіатричної допомоги. Метою статті було висвітлення становлення психіатричної служби на Буковині, трансформація підходу надання допомоги хворим з психічними розладами, від містики до сучасної моделі. Наукова новизна полягає у аналізі історії психіатрії на Буковині від минулого до сьогодення та висвітлення основних історичних моментів, що дали поштовх до формування справжньої нейронауки. Методологічні засади дослідження: хронологічний та порівняльно-історичний підхід, системний міждисциплінарний аналіз. Висновки. Історія виникнення психіатричної служби на Буковині зазнавала злетів та падінь, що відповідали умовам часу. Трансформація ментальної служби змінювалася від світогляду та рівня розвитку тогочасної науки. Можна спостерігати зміни від містифікації до становлення психіатрії, як справжньої сучасної нейронауки з доказовою базою та гуманним ставленням до пацієнтів.

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INTERSUBJECTIVITY AND EMBODIMENT IN THE FIELD OF PSYCHOTHERAPY

Author(s): Kata Dóra Kiss / Language(s): English Issue: 2 Suppl./2021

Intersubjectivity is one of the most important concepts of the phenomenological school of thought. The approach assumes that our being in the world is based on relations with Others. The idea has a central role not only in the philosophy of perception but in psy-sciences as well. Mostly all branches of psychology agree that the self is constituted by its relations. However, there is much less consensus on how decisive these relations are. Therefore, the question of intersubjectivity has become the question of how we perceive human beings: as biological or social entities. Psy-sciences have never had one coherent and consensual paradigm, although nowadays the natural scientific standards are the most prevailing in the field, which prioritizes biological explanations over socio-cultural aspects. The study attempts to connect the phenomenological approach to intersubjectivity to the psychological approach to embodiment. For this, first, it elaborates on an essential problem of psy-sciences, transmitted by classical philosophy, namely the mind-body dualism, which implicitly establishes the current paradigm. Then, it aims to describe how the phenomenological approach, especially the philosophy of Maurice Merleau-Ponty, could dissolve the classical dualism through the assumption of the body-mind-world unity. Merleau-Ponty was one of those thinkers of the 20th century who laid down the foundations of the scientific paradigm of embodiment. Afterward, I illustrate the phenomenological concept above through Ben Rumble’s psychological approach, which applies the embodiment paradigm for the therapeutic process as a professional. The final part of the study attempts to establish a relation between the psychological attitude based on embodiment and the psychoanalytic theory of Sándor Ferenczi, the Hungarian psychoanalyst.

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BRIEF REPORT: PREVENTING LATE-LIFE DEPRESSION IN LOW - AND MIDDLE - INCOME COUNTRIES (LMICS)

Author(s): Mirsad Serdarević / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

As the number of older adults in low- and middle- income (LMIC) countries is expected to grow substantially over the next several decades, it is important to develop programs for the prevention of major depression in later life. These programs should be flexible enough to be adjusted to the needs of poorly resourced LMICs. The current report provides an overview of a “depression in later life” (DIL) study in Goa, India, as a promising and effective mental health prevention program, with the potential for implementation in other LMICs. DIL study uses unspecialized physicians and lay health counselors (LHCs) to deliver both scalable psychological intervention and low-intensity intervention, consistent with Institute of Medicine’s (IOM, 1994) indicated prevention approach. DIL intervention led to reduced incidence of Major Depressive Disorder in DIL-randomized participants and as such it is important in meeting the 2016-2030 United Nations Sustainable Development Goal of “Ensuring healthy lives and promoting the well-being for all at all ages.”

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Психични разстрой- ства при COVID-19 пандемия

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Психични разстрой- ства при COVID-19 пандемия

Author(s): Vasya Vutova,Bogomil Peshev,Vihra Milanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 27/2021

The COVID-19 pandemy is associated with higher level of stress in the population, which may impair mental health. The are 3 types of COVID-19 patients with psychiatric disorders. The most common are adjustment, anxiety and depressive disorder.

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POKAŽI MI DRUGI NAČIN: U KAKVOJ JE VEZI LJUTNJA SA PROCESOM TRAUME IZ DETINJSTVA KOJA SE NASTAVLJA KROZ ADOLESCENCIJU?

Author(s): Elena Borg / Language(s): English Issue: 8/2021

Aim: This study explores retrospectively the involvement of anger in the process of childhood trauma later elaboration in adolescence. Method: A Single Case study strategy of an adult survivor of childhood trauma was adopted using grounded theory method as analysis. Two in-depth semi-structured interviews were carried out and served as data collection together with field notes. Results: The involvement of anger was conceptualized as ‘anger as a transferred phenomenon’. Anger was observed as spreading across internally for the survivor and externally in the environment as though it was a vicious cycle impacting the body, mind, soul and environment. Its involvement within this case study, was outlined in Peter’s seven-phase Trajectory model of Anger. Conclusion: The model reflects an in-depth process of the microprocesses of the involvement of anger as seen through the eyes of a survivor of childhood trauma. This model allows us to understand in detail the transformation of the emotion of anger as captured by the lived experienced of the survivor and to appreciate the power and effect this emotion holds.

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“DON’T LET ME GO”. A CASE STUDY ON MUSIC THERAPY IN EARLY-STAGE DEMENTIA

Author(s): Lois Paula Văduva,Catherine Warner / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

This case study presents the process of music therapy in a clinical setting, under the professional supervision of Dr. Catherine Warner, a music therapist with over 25 years of experience in this field. The music therapy sessions were conducted with a client displaying early-stage dementia symptoms. Over twelve weeks, with an eight-week hiatus due to the Covid-19 Pandemic lockdown, the client benefited from music therapy sessions which helped her navigate through the challenges of the disease, as well as providing a safe environment to express feelings and emotions. This case study presents the main themes of the work, such as combining poetry with singing, and listening to soothing music. This paper also illustrates the challenges of the sessions, especially in relation to memory loss and anxiety. Lastly, the therapist’s reflections are presented to complete the overview of the work.

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Psychological and Physiological Anxiety and Stress in Competitive E-Sports Settings

Author(s): Nina Urukovičová / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

Competitive E-sport has grown rapidly across the globe. In line with the increase in competitive gaming, the interest into the science underpinning performance has accelerated dramatically in the last decade. Despite the remarkable surge of popularity in E-sports, there is limited academic literature that has explicitly investigated the psychophysiological factors influencing performance of elite level E-sports during competitive gameplay. As Esports athletes are competing in highly pressurized and competitive environments that are comparable to traditional sports, it is likely that psychophysiological responses exist in an E-sports performance environment. Therefore, it is important to enhance our understanding of these responses that E-sports participants face, because stress and anxiety is likely to have a negatively impact on performance in such an environment. The present review aims to investigate whether playing E-sports in competitive settings is related to psychological and physiological anxiety and stress. Although the existing literature contributes to an initial understanding of psychophysiological anxiety and stress in E-sports, there needs to be further in-depth studies investigating the psychophysiological responses in actual competition.

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Examining the Mentoring Process in Collaborative Project-based Learning of Preservice Instructional Technology Teachers

Author(s): Tugba Kamali Arslantas,Onur Emre Kocagoz / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

The main purpose of this study was to investigate how special education knowledge and practice can be expanded through mentoring activities. In this respect, an interdisciplinary one-to-many mentorship study with Collaborative Project-based Learning (CPBL) was conducted. The mentors were Special Education faculty members who guided preservice teachers from the Instructional Technology department. During this guiding process, the preservice teachers developed animations for teaching daily life skills to students with intellectual disability (ID). The study followed a mixed-methods design. This current study showed that mentoring with CPBL can be effective in equipping both mentors and mentees with a variety of skills. Specifically, mentoring can be an effective process for preservice teachers to construct context-specific knowledge in educating students with special needs. The study’s quantitative findings showed that the mentors were successful during the mentoring process.

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Zihinselleştirmenin Kültürel Özellikleri ve Psikolojik Belirtiler ile İlişkisi Üzerine Bir Derleme

Author(s): Sibel Halfon,Ayşenur Coşkun / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 22/2021

Mentalization is the ability to surmise the mental states such as thoughts, wishes, intentions, needs and feelings behind one’s own and others’ behaviors. Mentalization has been an important concept in understanding personality development and psychopathology in recent years. However, the cultural factors that affect mentalization is an understudied area, which has also not been investigated in Turkey. In this review, the development of the concept of mentalization will be explored comparing individualistic and collectivistic cultures. The specific mentalization characteristics that may emerge in Turkey are discussed. With this aim, the concept of mentalization, its development and the kinds of mentalization impairments that emerge in psychopathology are discussed. Afterwards, the effects of culture on mentalization are discussed with reference to recent empirical literature. Specifically, the effects of cultural context on the development of theory mind, affective and cognitive mentalization, self and other-focused mentalization, explicit and implicit mentalization are explored. The reviewed studies suggest that in collectivistic cultures, individuals tend to others’ mental states and socially accepted objective norms more than their own internal states and refrain from strong emotions such as anger that may disrupt the social harmony. Moreover implicit mentalization is less affected by culture. Based on the reviewed studies, culturally sensitive suggestions are provided regarding how to conduct mentalization assessments and practices.

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Psikolojik Sağlık Hizmetlerinde Dijital Fenotipleme Kullanımı: Fırsatlar, Etik ve Yasal Sorunlar

Author(s): Mücahit Gültekin / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 22/2021

The widespread use of smartphones, mobile devices, wearable technology, and the increase in time online has provided the opportunity to collect data about users continuously. Several sectors such as health, economy, and entertainment have benefitted from the digital traces left by users due to the tight interactions on digital platforms. Today, it is likely to determine and predict users' moods, behavioral patterns, habits, and personality traits with the use of digital traces that are processed using artificial intelligence techniques. Such use of digital data offers new opportunities for mental health services. Today with this method, it is possible to obtain simultaneous data on the course of the psychological disorder and create a complete and more holistic picture of the disorder by accessing data that can not be obtained from self-report assessment techniques. This new approach, which is called digital phenotyping, can improve the objectivity in diagnosis. Studies have proven digital phenotyping’s potential to determine disorders' recurrence risk and make psychometric predictions. The studies have indicated the promising future of digital phenotyping in mental health services since the initial discussions by Jain et al. in 2015. It is reported that digital phenotyping can be used to diagnose and follow certain mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia at an early stage. However, ethical concerns such as privacy, autonomy, data security, and data confidentiality are among the critical issues surrounding the use of digital phenotyping. This paper includes essential information about the digital phenotyping method, discussions about the practical, legal and ethical concerns regarding the use of digital phenotyping in mental health services, and suggestions for future research.

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Przebieg rozwoju oraz wpływ środowiska rodzinnego na rozwój mutyzmu wybiórczego u dwóch sióstr - studium przypadku

Author(s): Justyna Świerczyńska,Izabela Chojnowska-Ćwiąkała,Katarzyna Lipska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 36-37/2020

Selective mutism is a disorder that most often develops in early childhood between the ages of 3 and 5, and also occurs in adults. It is characterized by a lack of verbal communication in some social situations despite establishing verbal contact in other situations. This article presented the course and clinical picture of selective mutism in two sisters from day of birth to the time of the diagnosis. Moreover, it was shown that the family of the presented patients was experiencing various psychosocial stress factors that can be perceived as factors stabilizing this disorder. It is often family that creates conditions conducive to or inhibiting its course and also forms patterns of interpersonal relations established in social environment. Limitation of social interactions could increase avoidance tendencies in a child, creating maladaptive behavior.

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Kahkaha Terapisinin Depresyon Üzerindeki Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Author(s): Fatih Bal / Language(s): English Issue: 65/2021

Laughter positive emotion, helpful, healthy way to deal with stress. Laughter therapy is a cognitive-behavioral therapy that can make physical, psychological; social relationships healthy improve quality of life. Laughter therapy positive effect on mental health alternative therapy. Laughter therapy does not require special preparations, such as appropriate facilities equipment easily accessible. Laughter reduces stress-producing hormones in the blood, can reduce the effects of stress. Depression is a disorder in which neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin is reduced brain. Problem mood control circuit of the brain. Laughter can alter dopamine serotonin activity. The endorphins released by laughter can be helpful when people are upset or depressed. Laughter therapy alternative treatment for depression that harms mental health. Examined the effect of laughter therapy on depression was in this study. In the research, it was used as "Pretest-Posttest-Semi-Experimental Design with Follow-Up Test Control Group." The study was conducted by obtaining a work permit from the participants who applied to the Psychology, Psychiatry Clinic in the Beyoğlu district of Istanbul. It was determined randomly which of the centers would be the experimental group the control group. While the study group consisted of 15 participants, the control group consisted of 15 participants. Participation of individuals included in the study was voluntary basis. While the experimental group received a 4-week "Laughter Therapy Practice," the control group received a placebo-like two-session training. Used personal information form Beck Depression Inventory. As a result, the depression levels of the participants who were treated with laughter therapy decreased.

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Yetişkin Bireylerde Obsesif İnanışlar ile Bilişsel Duygu Düzenleme Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Author(s): Kahraman Güler,Gürgün Bayrak,Mahmut Yılmaz / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 63/2021

Difficulties in cognitive emotion regulation plays role in psychological disorders. There are significant emotional regulation difficulties underlying obsessive compulsive disorder and obsessive beliefs. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between obsessive beliefs and cognitive emotion regulation in adults according to various sociodemographic components. There search was carried out with 250 non-clinical participants, 131 of the mare women and 119 of the mare men, aged between 18 and 60, living in Istanbul. Data were collected from the participants using the sociodemographic information form, Obsessive Beliefs Scale-44, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Scale. According to the results of the applied correlation analysis; A significant positive correlation was found between obsessive beliefs and emotion regulation components. It has been determined that cognitive emotion regulation strategies applied by individuals with negative situations are related to obsessive beliefs, and cognitive emotion regulation strategies such as focusing on thoughts, destruction (catastrophe) and self-blame cause an increase in obsessive beliefs. It is thought that teaching and using more functional strategies instead of dysfunctional cognitive emotion regulation strategies will be beneficial in preventing them from developing obsessive beliefs.

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Gimnazistų jaučiamo nerimo, tapatumo stiliaus ir streso įveikos strategijų reikšmė egzaminų streso vertinimui

Author(s): Rūta Mazilauskaitė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 1 (51)/2021

Examinations and their results often become perhaps the biggest challenge in young person’s life, which is associated with the course of later life. For this reason, a high level of stress is observed, which is maintained by both personal and situational factors. In this context, the objective of this study is to identify the links between the experienced anxiety, identity style, examinations stress and its coping strategies of the gymnasium students. The study involved 175 gymnasium students in grades 10 to 12. Of these, 109 were girls (62.3%) and 66 were boys (37.7%), aged 16 to 19 years of age (M = 17.27, SD = 0.92). Gymnasium students were given a questionnaire based on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, Gorsuch, Lushene, 1970), Identity Style Inventory Version 5 (ISI-5) (Berzonsky, Soenens, Luyckx, Smits, Papini, Goossens, 2013), the Stress Coping Questionnaire (Grakauskas, Valickas, 2006), and the Examination Stress Scale for Adolescent Students (Sung, Chao, 2014). It was found that the more frequent experience of stress in gymnasium students examinations was predicted by stronger trait and state anxiety, more frequent choice of informational, normative identity processing style and more frequent use of avoidance strategy in experiencing stress.

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PAAUGLIŲ MERGINŲ POŽIŪRIS Į KŪNO VAIZDINIO UGDYMĄ

Author(s): Viktorija Juodeikytė,Andrius Norkus / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 2 (46)/2016

Body image is a subjective perception of our body, in the broadest sense it is defined as “corporeality experience” exposed to biological and psychological components of human nature. Body image is an important precondition for self-esteem and mental health at all stages of our life. The aim of this research is to reveal adolescent girls’ attitude towards teaching about body image at school. According to the research findings, only a third of the surveyed adolescent girls are satisfied with their appearance. The respondents stated that school curriculum does not affect their body image perceptions, and the majority of the surveyed did not even know about the opportunity to choose a health module. Every second surveyed wanted additional lectures about positive body image.

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Boundaries of Stigma. Anti-Stigma Campaigns as Social Control and a Source of Self-Stigma

Author(s): Radosław Stupak / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

The article presents stigma in mental health as a boundary object for different scientific disciplines. The research that is dominated by the approaches present in medicine and quantitative social sciences has resulted in the conceptualizations of stigma and practical solutions to combat it that seem counter-effective. It has also neglected important questions about the role of stigma in society. It is argued that biomedical understanding of mental distress is inherently stigmatizing and anti-stigma campaigns based on this discourse are necessarily paradoxical and lead to self-stigma. This could be interpreted along the lines of Foucault's concepts of biopower, panopticon and governmentality. Another perspective could emerge from utilizing concepts associated with the Frankfurt School, especially Lukacs's reification and Adorno's identity thinking. Anti-stigma campaigns can be seen as a means of social control, legitimizing the use of stigmatizing labels and the biomedical psychiatric discourse that ultimately serve to preserve the social, cultural and economic status-quo.

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PEDAGOŠKE IMPLIKACIJE SEKSUALNOG ZLOSTAVLJANJA DJECE I MLADIH U OBITELJI

Author(s): Antonio Topalović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 3/2020

Sexual abuse is a phenomenon that occurs in all societies, regardless of their stage of development, and implies a wide spectrum of relationships between an adult and a child, which basically has some of the elements of sexual intercourse at it basis. This relationship is difficult for the child to understand and can give mature consent to it. Namely, abuse occurs in different environments and comes from individuals, however, the kind that takes place within a family circle is rather specific. It contradicts sociological and commonly accepted stereotypes of family life as a place of safety and trust, but reality often shows the opposite: that family is a source of fear, pain and suffering for many children. The peculiarity of sexual abuse lies in the severe consequences in children and adolescents who experienced it, and it can be reflected in different segments of their professional and private lives. This question poses a great challenge to science and the expertise, and the research process is considerably hampered by the sensitivity and strong social prejudice of the problem itself, which is of course significant and influential for contemporary pedagogical science. This paper predominantly uses the meta-analysis method and includes 40 original scientific reports that sought to answer questions about what causes sexual abuse of children and young people in the family and what pedagogical implications in the family or school setting could arise from it. The results of this research show that it is necessary to draw the public eye to the problem of sexual abuse and that educational institutions must take responsibility for protecting the rights and well-being of children and young people.

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