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(Re)konstruowanie własnej (nie)pełnosprawności – przemiany w sposobie percypowania siebie osoby z dysfunkcjami ciała uprawiającej sport

Author(s): Jakub Niedbalski / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 3/2018

The article is intended to analyze reconstruction of an image related to two categories of disabled persons: those physically active and passive. On the one hand, I focus on the way, which the disable individuals perceive their own situation in, considering their status as persons who practice or do not practice sport. On the other, I attempt to determine how the said individuals reconstruct their image subject to assessment by others, depending on whether they are physically active or passive. For that purpose, I make references to the disabled individuals’ opinions on their own (subjective self), and their evaluation of how they are seen by the fully capable persons (reflected self). In other words, it is confrontation of an image of physically active and passive persons with opinions and feelings experienced directly by the respondents, with their image arising from other people’s opinions.

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A Discordant Harmony – A Critical Evaluation of the Queer Theory from an Indian Perspective

Author(s): Srija Sanyal,Abhik Maiti / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2018

Queerness or rather queer sexuality in India has always been the favourite child of debate and discussions. Queer identity in India has always suffered through the dilemma of to be or not to be. As Dasgupta puts it, “Identities are complicated to begin with and become more complicated when relating them to nation and sexuality”. Given the diversity of India in terms of not only culture but ethnicity as well, Indian sexual identities are the product of “Mulipicitous effects and perceptions of tradition, modernity, colonization and globalization” (Dasgupta, 2011) that are more often in conflict with each other than in a harmonious synthesis. The main argument of this paper is to trace a lineage of queerness in India both in terms of its representation in literature by analyzing The Editor (1893) and The Housewife (1891) by Rabindranath Tagore; Lihaaf (1941) by Ismat Chugtai; and R. Raja Rao’s The Boyfriend (2003), and how it prevailed in reality or the societal perception of the same. Providing a literature review by building a bridge in between the ancient and the contemporary India, the paper attempts to trace the missing links of when and how queerness went behind the curtains only to reappear in front of a more complicated, confused and probably a more rigid audience.

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A MULTIFACETED APPROACH TO THE FEELING OF LONELINESS – THE PHENOMENON OF LONELINESS AMONG POLISH WOMEN IN GREAT BRITAIN

Author(s): Urszula Walczak / Language(s): English / Issue: 10/2019

Loneliness is a condition more and more often experienced by people regardless of their gender or age. The phenomenon of loneliness can be observed, among other things, in relation to cultural, social, economic, political transformations and life in emigration. The article is a proposal to define the circumstance of loneliness and show its multi-level structure. The text presents the causes and consequences of this state through which a person passes and experiences symptoms. The text is an attempt to answer the question whether Polish women living in Great Britain feel a sense of loneliness.

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Acculturation Process and Ethnic Identity of Immigrants in Germany

Author(s): Liudmyla Smokova / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2015

In the present study, we discuss psychological acculturation, by which we mean the internal processes of change that immigrants experience when they come into direct contact with members of the host culture. The model we present builds on research in the areas of social and ethnic identity. Each of these perspectives is discussed in accordance with its relevance to the acculturative processes operating in immigrants. We understand ethnic identity as a dynamic state, that is determined by three components: (1) by the degree of inclusion in the group of one’s cultural origin; (2) the tendency to assimilate to the ethnic group of origin; and (3) the complementary tendency to differentiate from one’s own ethnic group. Social identity conveys belonging of the individual to different social categories and the value as well as emotional significance of this membership. We have sought to explain how the processes of social categorization, inand out-group identification and social comparison predetermine the direction of the acculturation process and hence the intercultural interaction and wellbeing of the youth from immigrant backgrounds in Germany. Results indicated that immigrants who have more identified themselves with dominant society have expressed the strong preference to integration strategies. The immigrants that had a high degree of ethnic identification have expressed the low preference to the integration as well to marginalization and assimilation. In its turn, the powerful feeling of belonging to an ethnic group and attitude towards the group promotes immigrants segregation choice.

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Adaptation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Young Diagnostic Questionnaire (YDQ) for Parental Assessment of Adolescent Problematic Internet Use

Author(s): Lutz Wartberg,Levente Kriston,Katharina Kegel,Rainer Thomasius / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2016

The surge of problematic Internet use in adolescents is a continuously growing problem across the globe. To our knowledge, to date valid questionnaire-based measurement of problematic Internet use is possible only by self-assessment. The objective for the present study was to adapt an established instrument for a parental assessment of adolescent problematic Internet use and to evaluate the psychometric properties of this questionnaire. Methods: Data were collected from a representative German sample of 1,000 parents of adolescents aged between 12 and 17 years using a standardized questionnaire. To assess problematic Internet use, we adapted the established Young Diagnostic Questionnaire by rewording the items to survey a parental rating instead of a self-report (“Parental version of the Young Diagnostic Questionnaire,” PYDQ). Additionally, we assessed the Internet usage time, parental monitoring, family functioning, school performance of the adolescent, and parent–adolescent conflicts. We conducted a confirmatory factor analysis based on the 8 items of the PYDQ modeled as categorical indicators and one latent factor using a robust weighted least squares estimator. We also calculated a reliability coefficient, the acceptance of the instrument, and performed correlation analyses. Results: The unidimensional model showed excellent global goodness-of-fit (χ2/df = 1.65, RMSEA = 0.03, CFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.99) and satisfactory factor loadings (standardized values ranged from 0.60 to 0.77). We observed a reliability coefficient of 0.70, a good acceptance of the instrument, and the correlation analyses indicated the construct validity of the PYDQ. Discussion and conclusion: The proposed PYDQ is a suitable instrument for parental assessment of adolescent problematic Internet use.

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Adolescent psychosocial development in Brno: An ELSPAC Study 2005–2011

Author(s): Stanislav Ježek,Petr Macek,Lenka Lacinová,Ondřej Bouša,Jan Vančura,Michaela Sokoliová,Aleš Neusar,Radka Michalčáková,Anna Ševčíková,Štěpán Konečný,Mojmír Tyrlík,Zuzana Sýkorová,Jiří Dalajka,Jan Šerek,Ivana Poledňová,Vladimír Marček,Martina Čavnická,Eva Beranová,Jan Širůček,Zuzana Masopustová,Jan Mareš / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 2011

Our longitudinal findings are in line with published research describing current adolescence as a dynamic stage of life during which an individual‟s personal participation or influence on his or her development sharply increases. This leads, amongst other things, to higher variability of developmental changes and to an erosion of some stereotypes about the psychological and social life of adolescents. The respondents of the Brno longitudinal study (ELSPAC) represent a new generation of Czech adolescents. They were born in the time of turbulent social changes when political, economic and cultural conditions were significantly changing bringing along shifts in lifestyles, social norms and values of all generations including the parents of current adolescents. It can be hypothesised this society-wide change partially moderated the traditional inter generational conflict between adolescents and adults. We can speculate that the adults, not only the adolescents, partially spent the past two decades searching for a new personal and social identity (e.g. career changes, social security decrease, increase in personal freedom and responsibility of own life course). What was appreciated in the beginning of the 1990s as new possibilities – e.g. freedom in opinions and attitudes, opportunity to attain quality education, foreign travel, opportunities for self-actualisation etc. – is perceived as commonplace by today‟s adolescents.

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Adolescents‟ career plans in the context of their self-concept

Author(s): Ivana Poledňová,Vladimír Marček,Martina Čavnická / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Vocational choice is understood as one of the developmental tasks in the adolescence period, which has been conceived broadly in scholarly literature as the entire period of transition from childhood to adulthood. In this period, young people usually intensively think about their future, set their life goals and their occupational orientation is formed. Ifthis developmental stage shall be successful, i.e. effectively transformed into the following stage, the adolescent must keep (or establish) a positive relationship to oneself and at the same time also have a prospect of perspective positive development.

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ADOLESCENTSKA PROCJENA KVALITETE SAMOPOIMANJA I KVALITETE ODNOSA S RODITELJIMA S OBZIROM NA NJIHOVO ISKUSTVO PROGONSTVA I IZBJEGLIŠTVA

Author(s): Kristina Urbanc / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 53/2001

This paper presents research on quality of adolescents parents relationships, concerning their experiences of being displaced or refugeed during the war period. The sample comprised 564 high school students in the area of Zagreb and was divided into two sub-groups: students with refugee experience and students without that experience. The intention was to determine the correlation between the quality of adolescent's self-perception and the quality of relationship with his/her parents and to find out the differences between subgroups concerning quality of relationship with their parents. The results have shown that a higher quality of self-perception is correlated to a higher quality of relationship with parents. It has been also found that adolescents with refugee experiences perceived their relationships with their parents as more supportive, closer and more helpful than adolescents without refugee experience. According to obtained research results the author stresses the importance of defining and preserving protective factors on the individual and family level versus risk factors (such as war) on the community or society level.

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Advances in Contemplative Social Research

Author(s): Krzysztof T. Konecki / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 2018

This book is unique and audacious, and fits very well with current tendencies within qualitative research. It introduces new, fresh threads to questions and concerns that are highly significant for contemporary social sciences. The formulated conclusions go beyond directly methodological issues, posing key philosophical questions to the whole project of Western sociology.Grażyna WoronieckaFrom the review of the bookDeep contemplation of the situation could be the epistemological choice for social scientists. It is a fundamentally different approach to the research, where the investigator is researching the object but also the situation of research and her-self/him-self. Contemplating is a dual way of the approaching the truth. It does not mean that the researcher is mentally divided; just the opposite, she/he wants to be complete and achieve the unity of being as a researcher-human being and an element of the situation (psycho-social and historical). Contemplating enables researchers to see how the mind works and creates the images and reports from the field – what is available for the mind and what is silent or repressed because of the dominating rhetoric of description and rhetoric of feeling?... Contemplation is not only analysis, it is also an ethical choice of stopping here and now to see the situation clearly and reporting it with the all reservations that could be the result of the mindfully-observed interaction of mind, self, and situation at one historical moment.From the Introduction

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Aerobika kaip moterų saviugdą motyvuojantis veiksnys

Author(s): Sniegina Poteliūnienė,Ineta Baltuškonienė / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 2/2017

Organized workouts of aerobics might be seen as a self-development tool, as adult person’s decision to get involved into certain activity is taken consciously. One perceives such engagement being related to satisfaction of certain needs and expectations to reach the results of the systematically performed activity. The research was launched in order to reveal the motives of the females’ decision making when choosing aerobics for self-development, as well as to disclose the perceived by women impact of aerobics, considering it as a self-development tool. Half-structured interview method was applied for the research. 11 females, who attended Vilnius aerobics study, were interviewed. The data of the research were processed using qualitative content analysis, based on expert evaluation. It was established that women considered such values as family, health, carrier and happiness being the most important for them. Several universally accepted values were pointed out to be positive personal values, either already possessed or to be perfected further on by the respondents.

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Aktif Spor Yapan Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Sporda Batıl İnanç Eğilimi ile Sürekli Kaygı Seviyeleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Author(s): Utku Işık,Bülent Ağbuğa,Gürkan Elçi / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 1/2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between superstitious behavior in sport and trait anxiety levels among college students engaged in active sports. 166 Pamukkale University and Ege University of School of Physical Education and Sports students who are selected simple random sampling method voluntarily participated (61 females and 105 males) for the study. In the study for gathering data “Superstitious Ritual Questionnaire” and “Trait Anxiety Inventory” were used together. To examine the relationship between superstitious behavior in sport and trait anxiety levels the Pearson product-moment coefficients of correlation was used. The results indicated that the relationship between superstitious behavior in sport and trait anxiety level is positive and statistically significant (r=.208; p=.007). To explain whether there are significant differences between participants’ superstitious behavior in sport according to gender, Independent Sample T-test was used. Result of this analysis revealed no statistically significant difference between male and female students tendency to superstitious behaviors according to gender (t=1.15; p=.251). In conclusion study findings showed that anxiety is a factor that increases university students, engaging in active sport, superstitions behavior.

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Anxiety of Students Preparing for the University Entrance Exam towards Math Lessons

Author(s): Yıldırım Bayazıt / Language(s): English / Issue: 5/2017

It is known that one of the crucial factors affecting the students’ success at math lessons negatively is math anxiety. In most general meaning, math anxiety may be defined as an anxiety and fear emerging in relation to certain math situations. The aim of this study is to find out the reasons of math anxiety observed among students attending privet courses. To collect the needed data of the study an anxiety scale was administered to 450 students attending different private courses in the city of Kırklareli, Turkey. The obtained data was processed by data processing soft-ware. After the required data interpretation steps were concluded, students’ math anxiety reasons were determined and in relation some solutions were suggested.

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Argumento Už Ontinį Asmenų Paprastumą Kritinė Analizė

Author(s): Marius Grigonis / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 71/2012

In a number of his essays E.J. Lowe presented an interesting argument for the ontological simplicity of the self. This argument had become the subject of Eric T. Olson’s polemic reaction, who was trying – unsuccessfully – to discover a formal mistake in the argument. Eventually, the modified and improved version of Lowe’s reasoning came out in his paper Identity, Composition, and the Simplicity of the Self. It seemed that the argument for the ontological simplicity of the self has resisted criticism. In my paper I am going to present a few manoeuvres which can be used by advocates of animalism to dismiss conclusions from Lowe’s argument. An animalist may want to do that because of a simple reason: on animalism it is difficult to argue for the simplicity of the self thesis, as persons are – according to animalism – human organisms, it means composite objects. My analysis is going to show that the simplicity argument – although remains formally valid – is not sound in the light of proven difficulties and shortcomings. This enables me to insist on an animalistic interpretation of the subject, according to which the self is a composite material object, identical with a living human organism.

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Artysta w l'univers concentractionaire. "Kornblumenblau" Leszka Wosiewicza jako traktat o sztuce

Author(s): Katarzyna Mąka-Malatyńska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 13-14/2009

The author of the essay considers Leszek Wosiewicz’s Kornblumenblau as a film about art and focuses on the self reflexive elements present in the film, particularly those referring to film conventions. This analysis examines the film in the context of the reflections about the meaning of art in totalitarian systems and situation of the artist in the reality of the concentration camp. Kornblumenblau depicts degenerated art as depriving of freedom and rescue, becoming another tool of oppression. Dehumanizing power of this art points at the final decay of man in the epoch of gas chambers.

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Assessment of Self-esteem, Locus of Control and Achievement Motivation of Female Students in Kwara State Colleges of Education, Nigeria

Author(s): Oluwaseun Tayo Olaoye,Damilola Daniel Olaoye / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2018

This study carried out an assessment of locus of control, self-esteem and achievement motivation of female students at Kwara State College of Education, Nigeria. 240 respondents were selected from each of the two colleges of education, purposively selected for the study making a total of 480 respondents. The instrument used was a structured questionnaire which was validated and tested for its reliability. Descriptive statistics were used in order to answer the research questions, while inferential statistics of multiple regression analyses were used to test the research hypothesis. The findings show that 66.67% of female respondents have internal locus of control and 33.33% have external locus of control; that 29.20% of the students have low selfesteem, while 70.80% have high self-esteem; and that 16.67% have low achievement motivation, while 83.33% have high achievement motivation. Finally, locus of control and self-esteem significantly predict achievement motivation of female students (F = 61.336; p < .05). However, it was recommended that parents should give adequate support and encouragement to their female children in order to maintain high achievement motivation spirit. The government of Nigeria should create an enabling environment capable of maintaining the growth of achievement motivation among female students by showing greater concern and interest for investment in engineering and industry.

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Autonomia jako autotranscendencja w prawdzie. O etyce wyrosłej z doświadczenia dziejowego i przeżywania prawd wiecznych

Author(s): Ryszard Moń / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2020

The article addresses one of the most important aspects of the ethics developed by Tadeusz Styczeń, namely, that of the interdependence of freedom and truth, discussing also the related issue of identity and self-transcendence. First, the author describes seven areas of the debate initiated either by Styczeń himself or by his adversaries, at the same time showing his ethics as grounded in thelived experience of both history and the eternal truths. Next, the author presents a distinction, proposed by Styczeń, between two ways of discovering truth: by external cognition and by an act of conscience, where acknowledging truth is tantamount to the subject’s self-affirmation. Styczeń argued that truth, once it is known, must be acted upon by a person and thus acknowledged by her in particular situations of her life. Remaining faithful to the Aristotelian and Thomistic tradition, Styczeń explored ‘particular’ truths found in current existential contexts and attested to in an actual persons’ lives. He described the human being as an individual who exists but in a relation to society and not merely as a thinking and knowing subject, separated from others. In Styczeń’s view, the experience of personhood is the starting point for the search for truth and goodness. The concluding part of the text focuses on the influence of Styczeń’s ideas on Polish and international intellectual milieus and on an analysis of his diagnosis of the crisis of the European thought.

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Autopercepcja warunkiem efektywności techniki „stopa w drzwiach”

Author(s): Małgorzata Gamian-Wilk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 40/2017

The paper reviews research on self-perception as a mechanism of the foot-in the-door technique. First I present the theory of self-perception and controversies around the issue of self-perception as a source of knowledge about self. I argue that self-image changes occurring as a result of performing the initial request may lead to higher compliance with the target request. Data suggesting existence of two separate foot-in-the-door strategies and mechanisms underlying their efficacy have been presented. Finally, on the base of the obtained results the advice has been given on how to increase the compliance rate.

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Autoregulácia učenia ako módna paradigma?

Author(s): Peter Ondrejkovič / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 4/2014

This paper argues against the current wave of examining self-regulated learning. Mentions the extreme emphasis on rationality, lack of knowledge about the internal management of human, but also lack of a sense of identity issues in relation to self-regulation. In conclusion, expressed doubts about the validity of the currently used research tools self-regulated learning.

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Avicenna: Màstant Suvokti Save

Author(s): Juozas Žilionis / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 60/2009

The article analyzes how Avicenna understands human thinking in relation to peculiarities of personas self-awareness. The center of rational soul consists of emotional, sensitive and intellectual parts performing the corresponding functions. By means of these psychic functions man becomes aware of her/ his being as the corporeal and spiritual unity. This awareness grants the continuity and identity of personal experience. In the cognitional process human soul is united with the active intellect and determined by time. Therefore, according to Avicenna, man is understood as being which experiences becoming and strives to the Absolute. The initiative of thinking belongs to the First Principle continuously contemplating His own essence. From this act of contemplation arises everything what exists. Therefore Avicenna treats cosmos as the result of converse movement which urges each separate intellectual substance contemplate on its own being and strive for the self-awareness.

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Axiological contexts of social rehabilitation of prisoners in the aspect of the assumptions of Christian personalism

Author(s): Kazimierz Pierzchała / Language(s): English / Issue: 2 ENG/2018

Personalism means giving something of a personal character, the personality of a person, raising a person – axiology is a value – and resocialization is a change (change) – personality of a person oriented towards the side of freedom, independent decision making and social roles having the possibility of autonomous and free decision making. The aim of the article is to develop (interpretation, continuation) the last paragraph of my – a scientific study – publication, taking into account the achievements of contemporary pedagogy, penitentiary psychology and teaching of the Church’s Magisterium: Destigmatization of criminals in the light of the Magisterium of the Church’s and views on rehabilitation. As part of my pedagogical and social rehabilitation considerations, in accordance with the pronunciation of the Church’s Magisterium, I formulated a concept (in harmony with the broadly understood humanist and existential trend, including humanistic and positive psychology, as well as axiological education directed at the personality potential of a human being). I called it the personalistic axiology of resocialization.The methodology used to write this publication was to conduct a critical analysis of literature, including my work and other documents, including available Internet resources.

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