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Aktif Spor Yapan Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Sporda Batıl İnanç Eğilimi ile Sürekli Kaygı Seviyeleri Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi

Author(s): Utku Isik,Bülent Agbuga,Gürkan Elçi / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 1/2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between superstitious behavior in sport and trait anxiety levels among college students engaged in active sports. 166 Pamukkale University and Ege University of School of Physical Education and Sports students who are selected simple random sampling method voluntarily participated (61 females and 105 males) for the study. In the study for gathering data “Superstitious Ritual Questionnaire” and “Trait Anxiety Inventory” were used together. To examine the relationship between superstitious behavior in sport and trait anxiety levels the Pearson product-moment coefficients of correlation was used. The results indicated that the relationship between superstitious behavior in sport and trait anxiety level is positive and statistically significant (r=.208; p=.007). To explain whether there are significant differences between participants’ superstitious behavior in sport according to gender, Independent Sample T-test was used. Result of this analysis revealed no statistically significant difference between male and female students tendency to superstitious behaviors according to gender (t=1.15; p=.251). In conclusion study findings showed that anxiety is a factor that increases university students, engaging in active sport, superstitions behavior.

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Anxiety of Students Preparing for the University Entrance Exam towards Math Lessons

Author(s): Yildirim Bayazit / Language(s): English / Issue: 5/2017

It is known that one of the crucial factors affecting the students’ success at math lessons negatively is math anxiety. In most general meaning, math anxiety may be defined as an anxiety and fear emerging in relation to certain math situations. The aim of this study is to find out the reasons of math anxiety observed among students attending privet courses. To collect the needed data of the study an anxiety scale was administered to 450 students attending different private courses in the city of Kırklareli, Turkey. The obtained data was processed by data processing soft-ware. After the required data interpretation steps were concluded, students’ math anxiety reasons were determined and in relation some solutions were suggested.

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Artysta w l'univers concentractionaire. "Kornblumenblau" Leszka Wosiewicza jako traktat o sztuce

Author(s): Katarzyna Maka-Malatynska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 13-14/2009

The author of the essay considers Leszek Wosiewicz’s Kornblumenblau as a film about art and focuses on the self reflexive elements present in the film, particularly those referring to film conventions. This analysis examines the film in the context of the reflections about the meaning of art in totalitarian systems and situation of the artist in the reality of the concentration camp. Kornblumenblau depicts degenerated art as depriving of freedom and rescue, becoming another tool of oppression. Dehumanizing power of this art points at the final decay of man in the epoch of gas chambers.

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Autopercepcja warunkiem efektywności techniki „stopa w drzwiach”

Author(s): Malgorzata Gamian-Wilk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 40/2017

The paper reviews research on self-perception as a mechanism of the foot-in the-door technique. First I present the theory of self-perception and controversies around the issue of self-perception as a source of knowledge about self. I argue that self-image changes occurring as a result of performing the initial request may lead to higher compliance with the target request. Data suggesting existence of two separate foot-in-the-door strategies and mechanisms underlying their efficacy have been presented. Finally, on the base of the obtained results the advice has been given on how to increase the compliance rate.

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Autoregulácia učenia ako módna paradigma?

Author(s): Peter Ondrejkovic / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 4/2014

This paper argues against the current wave of examining self-regulated learning. Mentions the extreme emphasis on rationality, lack of knowledge about the internal management of human, but also lack of a sense of identity issues in relation to self-regulation. In conclusion, expressed doubts about the validity of the currently used research tools self-regulated learning.

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Basis on Human Consciousness and its Complex Perception

Author(s): Emanuel George OPREA,Cristiana OPREA,Alexandru Oprea / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2017

Scientific researches had demonstrated already that Humans and other beings from the Earth are not so different from biological and genetic point of view. Somewhere with millions years back in time qualitative changes were taken place when men were started to look to the sky not only with fear like any other wild animal but also with hope that in the very far future they will become at least as great as the sky. In this very hard road of mankind to perfection, some kind of immaterial inner superior being had suggested the right steps. Now we are calling this “Consciousness, Awareness” and this inner force without any doubt leads us to God. The main problem in Human Consciousness is to define the percentage of real pure man awareness separated from physical and biological nature. It is well known fact that many factors like education, weather, environment and other components influence, model and forms the human state of consciousness. The main method in the determination of real, pure awareness state is to separate it by examination of some human factors of life. It is considered that the basis of the pure state of human consciousness is the Word as it has the power to induce a pure way of perception. The human consciousness is considered pure for the most part, because the Word is able to move people with the strength of its full purity.

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Being at home: Global citizenship in Norwegian schools. A study of children’s poems

Author(s): Susan Erdmann / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2016

The paper addresses the question of self-perceived identity in children attending international schools in Norway. In this population, the distinction between “home culture” and “host culture” is no longer relevant, since most of the children represent “hyphenated” (e.g. Asian-British or American-Scandinavian) or merged nationalities and cultures. The goal of the study is to investigate how these pupils define themselves and the notion of “home”. To achieve at least a preliminary picture of the children’s self-perception, the authors have analysed poems on two topics: Me and Home, written by pupils of an international school and a Norwegian school, both informant groups aged 11-13. A semantic analysis of the poems indicates that the international school children present strong assertions of individual identity as defined against societal roles, while the Norwegian school pupils do not conceptualize identity formation as a struggle and their poems reflect a high degree of social, familial and national integration.

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CAN WE BUILD THEORIES OF UNDERSTANDING ON THE BASIS OF MIRROR NEURONS?

Author(s): Anita Pacholik-Zuromska / Language(s): English / Issue: 28/2015

The discovery of mirror neurons and the characterization of their response properties is certainly an important achievement in neurophysiology and cognitive neuroscience. The reference to the role of mirror neurons in ‘reading’ the intentions of other creatures and in the learning process fulfils an explanatory function in understanding many cognitive phenomena beginning from imitating, towards understanding, and finishing with complex social interactions. The focus of this paper is to review selected approaches to the role of mirror neurons in mental activity as understanding, and to conclude with some possible implications for researches on mirror neurons for philosophical theories of understanding.

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COMING OUT

Author(s): Lejla Huremovic / Language(s): Bosnian / Publication Year: 0

Coming out predstavlja doživotni proces istraživanja sopstvene homoseksualne orijentacije, uključujući dijeljenje i razmjenu tog isku - stva sa porodicom, prijateljima, kolegama i kolegicama na poslu, školi, ali i sa širom društvenom zajednicom. Coming out zapravo znači slo - ženi proces prepoznavanja, prihvatanja, izražavanja i dijeljenja svoje seksualne orijentacije sa drugima kao i sa – sobom. To je lični i društveni proces u kojem se osoba kreće od suočavanja preko prihvatanja do saopštavanja svoje seksualne orijentacije.

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CONSCIOUSNESS OF SELF, OF TIME AND OF DEATH IN GREEK PHILOSOPHY: SOME REFLECTIONS

Author(s): Dominic O’Meara / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2015

In this paper, I do not propose to discuss the ways of thinking about and coming to terms with our awareness of our coming death. I would like rather to discuss a more particular and perhaps unusual problem, that of the relation between our awareness of our death and our consciousness of ourselves. In the following I take four examples: Parmenides, Plato, Epicurus and Plotinus. I sketch the different ways in which these philosophers saw the relation between self-consciousness and death, how they tried to dissipate what seemed to them to be a tension, even a contradiction, between these two parts of our existence. My discussion does not seek to contribute to the philological analysis of specific ancient texts, but proposes rather an attempt to reach an overall view, which might be of a broader interest.

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CZY OSOBA ISTNIEJE? „Ja” i osobowość – dezintegracja i transcendencja

Author(s): Tadeusz Kobierzycki / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 4/2016

Within the dynamic theory put forward by Kazimierz Dąbrowski (1902-1980) personality is given and set in the plane of immanence: personality is developing. This growth is conditioned by the fact that personality is characterized by transcendence potentials. It is these potentials that allow personality to overcome its ontological defi cits which arise in situations of: birth, development, deficiency, disintegration, crisis, and sickness, even death. It is by the power of transcendence that personality is protected against total disintegration. This power may be identified with the force of life, health, resurrection, and even salvation. A psychosomatic being strives towards the physically unconditioned and thus towards the metaphysical. In order to provide a complete picture of the theory of personality—conceived of as a form of human being—it is indispensable to consider the most important positions in philosophy and psychology related to the analysis of existence.

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Dezvoltarea psihică în cadrul relaţiilor intra şi inter personale

Author(s): Victoria Verdes / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1/2015

As a basic dimension of personality, self esteem is related to the relation that each human subject has with himself, the confidence in one’s own ability to think and act independently, autonomously, to take decisions in order to reach goals, to assert one’s needs,aspirations, to aspire to and fight for their accomplishment.

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5.50 €

DORASTANIE OSÓB Z NIEPEŁNOSPRAWNOŚCIĄ INTELEKTUALNĄ

Author(s): Zaneta Stelter / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 2010

Autorka przedstawia problemy związane z dojrzewaniem dziewcząt i chłopców niepełnosprawnych intelektualnie. Omawia zmiany biologiczne, intelektualne, emocjonalne i społeczne pojawiające się w okresie dojrzewania, wyraziście ukazując spiętrzenie trudności w przypadku tej grupy młodzieży. Ukazuje specyfikę dorastania dziewcząt i chłopców, którzy zmagają się z trudnościami wynikającymi nie tylko z ich możliwości umysłowych, ale nierzadko również z tego, jak są odbierani przez społeczeństwo. Zwraca uwagę na negatywne zjawiska społeczne, takie jak stygmatyzacja, piętnowanie czy wykluczenie. Obok problemów dotykających samych niepełnosprawnych Autorka stara się przybliżyć Czytelnikowi również trudności ich najbliższych, którzy stają przed trudnym zadaniem opieki i wychowywania dziecka upośledzonego umysłowo. Żaneta Stelter obala także mity dotyczące zachowania niepełnosprawnych, m.in. mit „wiecznego dziecka” i mit „bezczynności”.

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Duševní poruchy a konstrukce normality

Author(s): Martin Charvát / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 2/2016

The text provides a description as well as an analysis of mental disorders as socially constructed entities while focusing on the category of normality not only in its medical sense but also in social and cultural one. Our methodology has to be understood as rooted in social constructionism. We work with concepts created within social anthropology and semiotics but also existentialist psychotherapy or Mad Studies. When postulating mental disorder as a topic of social anthropology, we suggest that mental disorder is one of the key concepts behind the social and cultural understanding of normality: normality in regard to emotions, thinking, and behaviour is to a great extent defined negatively – that is, by what it isn't – with mental disorder being one of its major opposites. Normality in Western societies is significant mostly in the areas of mental health, sexuality, and gender whereas these areas may overlap; being different in terms of sexuality or gender (as in gender identity or gender expression) may be – and often is – interpreted as a sign of a mental disorder. As for our findings, on a general level we suggest that the binary between the normal and unproblematic on the one hand and a disorder on the other hand is arbitrary. The border between the two categories has to do with social and cultural rules more than with actual medicine. More specifically, we describe a physician as a constructor who puts individual signs (symptoms) together and forms diagnoses which can change their structure, shift, or even break down completely. Researching mental disorders as a part of the socially constructed reality allows us to see the power dynamics and questionability of seemingly natural categories such as health and illness, or normality and abnormality.

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Efekt dezinformacji z perspektywy psychologii społecznej: natura i uodparnianie

Author(s): Malwina Szpitalak,Romuald Polczyk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 40/2017

In this review article we present the misinformation effect and possibilities of its reduction. We present definition of this effect as well as its social mechanisms. We also describe methods of its reduction such as: warning against misinformation, collaborative recall, and reinforced self-affirmation procedure. We emphasize social aspect of yielding to misinformation and mechanisms through which the presented techniques reduce susceptibility to misinformation. Future directions in research on the misinformation effect are also presented.

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EFFECTS OF PERSONALITY TRAITS ON QUALITY OF SERVICE OF SERVICE STAFF IN CATERING INDUSTRY – ASPECT OF EMOTIONAL LABOR

Author(s): Yu-Hsien Chou / Language(s): English / Issue: 51/2015

The proportion of dining-out population is increasing with the rapid development of social economy. It is considered that service staff presenting positive emotion has become the essential condition in the dinning process. To further have the customers perceive pleasure and satisfaction, service staff in catering industry actively and heartedly serving customers is critical. For this reason, this study tends to verify the effects of Personality Traits on Quality of Service of service staff in catering industry from the aspect of Emotional Labor. Total 270 copies of questionnaires are distributed to the first-line service staff of Grand Hyatt Taipei and 196 valid copies are retrieved, with the retrieval rate 73%. The research results show significant correlations between: (1) Personality Traits and Emotional Labor, (2) Emotional Labor and Quality of Service, and (3) Personality Traits and Quality of Service. The practicability of the research results are further proposed suggestions.

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Explicit and implicit materialism vs. self-esteem and readiness for self-improvement in young people

Author(s): Anna Maria Zawadzka,Magdalena Iwanowska / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2016

The aim of the paper is to present an analysis of the relationship between explicit and implicit materialism, self-esteem, and readiness for self-improvement in teenagers. We carried out two studies. In the first one, we examined what object and activity categories are linked to teenage happiness and how the category of happiness associated with possessing things is linked to materialistic teenage attitudes. The second study looked into the associations of implicit materialism with implicit materialism, self-esteem, and readiness for self-improvement. The obtained results showed that (a) five categories of teenage happiness can be distinguished: people and animals, interests, sport, achievements, material possessions and money; (b) as initially assumed, implicit materialism is positively linked to explicit materialism and negatively linked to both self-esteem (Study 2) and readiness for self-improvement (Studies 1 and 2). However, no significant relationship was observed between explicit materialism and self-esteem or readiness for self-improvement.

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Factor structure of the Scale of Evaluation of Body Dissatisfaction for Adolescents (EEICA) among students from Slovakia, Hungary and Lithuania

Author(s): Lucia Hricová,Olga Orosová,Beáta Gajdošová / Language(s): Slovak / Issue: 1/2016

Background: Body dissatisfaction is important to examine as it is an essential evaluative part of the self-system and can have an impact on psychological and physical health. It is a complex phenomenon and seems to include more factors. The scale of body dissatisfaction for adolescents (EEICA) is a multidimensional verbal method measuring body dissatisfaction. However, its factor structure has only been identified in a Spanish adolescent sample. Aim: The main aim of this study is to identify factors of the EEICA for university students from Slovakia, Hungary and Lithuania. Methods: 2357 first year university students completed the EEICA online as part of the SLiCE study. Principal axis factoring with Varimax rotation was performed for each country separately. Intercorrelations between factors via the Pearson correlation coefficient were tested as well. Results: The study revealed a three-factor structure of the EEICA in each country (Self-acceptance and acceptance by others based on appearance, Weight control together with efforts to improve one´s appearance and Low weight dissatisfaction) after excluding 9 items. In addition, the results revealed a significant association between body evaluation and behavior connected to body appearance. Conclusions: This factor structure helps to distinguish between (1) cognitive and emotional body evaluation and (2) behavioral aspects connected to body appearance. This structure differs from the previous factor structure in Spanish adolescents and it has revealed a new relevant factor named Low weight dissatisfaction, which has so far been rarely explored. Future research may focus on this factor as well as on the complex validation of the EEICA in different age categories.

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Humanizacja Ja - nowe ujęcie w kontekście analizy zniekształceń w bezpośrednich sądach porównawczych

Author(s): Marzena Cypryanska,Aleksandra Jaskólowska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 35/2015

The paper presents the critical analyses of a phenomenon called the self-humanizing effect. Self-humanizing is defined as the tendency to ascribe humanness more to the self than to others. It refers only to essentially human characteristic and not to uniquely human characteristics. The effect has been considered in the context of direct comparative judgments (people assess whether they possess given trait less, the same or more strongly than others). Most articles on this topic have not presented mean comparative judgments, which makes it impossible to determine the extent to which people under- or overestimate the extent to which they possess a characteristic. The present study (with 71 high school students as participants, 45 women), was a replication of the one of the first studies on self-humanizing (Haslam, Bain, 2007). The analyses were based on the means of comparative judgments. We found that people perceived themselves as similar to others in terms of typical human weaknesses (negative human nature characteristics) and rated themselves as significantly above average for both human nature and uniquely human desirable traits and as below average for undesirable uniquely human traits. It seems that being more human than others means possessing some human traits more than others and possessing some human traits (such as undesirable uniquely human traits) less than others.

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