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BİTLİS ve VAN İLLERİNDE OKUL SPORLARINA KATILAN ERGENLERİN ÖZGÜVEN ve SOSYAL KAYGI DÜZEYLERİ İNCELEMESİ

Author(s): Emrah Aykora / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 41/2019

This study aimed at determining adolescents’ doing sports regularly and examining its correlation with their self-reliance and anxiety levels. This study also identified adolescents’ tendency to do sports regularly and their self-reliance and anxiety levels. Correlation tests were used to identify the correlation between adolescents’ doing sports regularly and their self-reliance and anxiety levels. The universe of this study was composed of adolescents attending high schools in provinces of Bitlis and Van. The study group consisted of 912 students (317 females and 595 males) from vocational high schools, science high schools, vocational religious high schools, Anatolian high schools and sports high schools who volunteered to partake in this study. The study group was divided into two groups as the school sports group (SSP) who declared participating in school sports activities and the non-school sports group (NSSP) who declared no participation in school sports activities. Information declared by adolescents was also confirmed by their physical education teachers at their schools. The Self-reliance Scale used in the study was developed by Akın (2007). The scale, which was originally composed of 56 items, was shortened to 44 items in line with the expert opinions.

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Borderline Knowing: (Re)Valuing Borderline Personality Disorder as (Counter) Knowledge

Author(s): Sarah Redikopp / Language(s): English / Issue: 01/2018

This article explores Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) as an epistemic standpoint defiant of dominant Western knowledge frameworks, which are (supposedly) rational, objective and linear. I engage with feminist, critical psychiatry and Mad critiques of BPD as a medicalization of trauma and ameliorate these critiques by engaging BPD as both a psychiatric diagnosis and as a (non-pathological) response to traumatic experiences. I conceptualize the ‘borderline standpoint’ as a subversive epistemology and examine the capacity of queer-crip temporalities to meaningfully engage with the borderline standpoint, arguing that a framework of queer time is useful insofar as trauma (and borderline knowing) are necessarily nonlinear. Ultimately, I employ concepts of queer-crip time, including the works of Alison Kafer and Elizabeth Freeman, to open new avenues of engagement with the ‘ugly’ affect of borderline and to embark on a maddening epistemological project.

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CAN WE BUILD THEORIES OF UNDERSTANDING ON THE BASIS OF MIRROR NEURONS?

Author(s): Anita Pacholik-Zuromska / Language(s): English / Issue: 28/2015

The discovery of mirror neurons and the characterization of their response properties is certainly an important achievement in neurophysiology and cognitive neuroscience. The reference to the role of mirror neurons in ‘reading’ the intentions of other creatures and in the learning process fulfils an explanatory function in understanding many cognitive phenomena beginning from imitating, towards understanding, and finishing with complex social interactions. The focus of this paper is to review selected approaches to the role of mirror neurons in mental activity as understanding, and to conclude with some possible implications for researches on mirror neurons for philosophical theories of understanding.

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Characteristics and Associated Factors of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Among Italian Young People: A Survey Through a Thematic Website

Author(s): Giuseppe Martorana / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2015

The aim of this study is to examine the characteristics of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in a group of young Italians who self-injure. In examining the characteristics, specific attention was given to the feelings and personal experiences associated with episodes of NSSI. Methods: The research involved 362 young people (332 females and 30 males) who completed an online survey hosted on a website specifically geared to supporting young people who self-injure. This methodology enabled involving a diverse population of young people who self-injure, thus going beyond specific groups or clinical samples. Results: Results show that the majority of respondents start injuring themselves between the ages of 12 and 16 years (72.38%, n = 262). Cutting was the most common self-injuring method (81.77%, n = 297). The 79.83% (n = 289) of respondents had not sought professional help for their wounds, preferring to care for their wounds on their own. More than half of the respondents (56.91%, n = 206) claimed to have experienced anxiety-spectrum disorders and almost half of the respondents (41.71%, n = 151) claimed to have experienced some type of eating disorder. Discussion and Conclusions: Many similarities have been found between this study and the literature, thus strengthening the hypothesis that NSSI is becoming a universal issue with similar characteristics across countries.

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Characteristics of Self-Identified Sexual Addicts in a Behavioral Addiction Outpatient Clinic

Author(s): Aline Wéry,Kim Vogelaere,Gaélle Challet-Bouju,François-Xavier Poudat,Julie Caillon,Delphine Lever,Joël Billieux,Marie Grall-Bronnec / Language(s): English / Issue: 4/2016

Research on sexual addiction flourished during the last decade, promoted by the development of an increased number of online sexual activities. Despite the accumulation of studies, however, evidence collected in clinical samples of treatment-seeking people remains scarce. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics (socio-demographics, sexual habits, and comorbidities) of self-identified “sexual addicts.” Methods: The sample was composed of 72 patients who consulted an outpatient treatment center regarding their sexual behaviors. Data were collected through a combination of structured interviewing and self-report measures. Results: Most patients were males (94.4%) aged 20–76 years (mean 40.3 ± 10.9). Endorsement of sexual addiction diagnosis varied from 56.9% to 95.8% depending on the criteria used. The sexual behaviors reported to have the highest degree of functional impairment were having multiple sexual partners (56%), having unprotected sexual intercourse (51.9%), and using cybersex (43.6%). Ninety percent of patients endorsed a comorbid psychiatric diagnosis, and 60.6% presented at least one paraphilia. Conclusions: Results showed highly different profiles in terms of sexual preferences and behaviors, as well as comorbidities involved. These findings highlight the need to develop tailored psychotherapeutic interventions by taking into account the complexity and heterogeneity of the disorder.

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CİDDİ SERBEST ZAMAN KATILIMINDA KADIN UZUN MESAFE KOŞUCULARININ DENEYİMLERİNİN ÖZ BELİRLEME KURAMINA GÖRE İNCELENMESİ

Author(s): Senanur Dogusan,Funda Koçak / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 2/2019

The aim of this study was to examine deeply the experiences of women who prefer long distance running as a serious leisure activity within the framework of Self-Determination Theory. According to the theoretical framework, it was aimed to understand how participation in a serious leisure activity affects individuals' basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence and relatedness. The research was designed in the phenomenological paradigm in the qualitative research method. The study group was determined by maximum variety sampling method. The study was conducted with 14 women including independent running groups in Ankara. The data were collected through semi-structured interview form using individual interviews. The data analyzed by thematic analysis method. As a result of the analyzes, three main themes were formed in accordance with the theoretical framework. The first theme was “Running as a part of life” the second theme was “Meaning of leisure” and the third theme was “Construction of social environment”. The results revealed, although the participants see the running as a part of their lives, they hesitate to define themselves as long distance runners. They emphasized that the running had a huge impact on the happiness of believing that it was an easy way to set a goal and see what they have accomplished. In terms of their socialization and psychological relief, they considered the groups of participants to be important. As a result, according to the participants opinion, it was seen that the basic psychological needs of the autonomy, competence and relatedness satisfy by long distance running as a serious leisure activity. Therefore, it is important that women are directed to serious leisure activities.

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COMING OUT

Author(s): Lejla Huremovic / Language(s): Bosnian / Publication Year: 0

Coming out predstavlja doživotni proces istraživanja sopstvene homoseksualne orijentacije, uključujući dijeljenje i razmjenu tog isku - stva sa porodicom, prijateljima, kolegama i kolegicama na poslu, školi, ali i sa širom društvenom zajednicom. Coming out zapravo znači slo - ženi proces prepoznavanja, prihvatanja, izražavanja i dijeljenja svoje seksualne orijentacije sa drugima kao i sa – sobom. To je lični i društveni proces u kojem se osoba kreće od suočavanja preko prihvatanja do saopštavanja svoje seksualne orijentacije.

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Commentary on muscle dysmorphia as an addiction: A response to Grant (2015) and Nieuwoudt (2015)

Author(s): Mark D. Griffiths,Andrew C. Foster,Gillian W. Shorter / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2015

Following the publication of our paper ‘Muscle Dysmorphia: Could it be classified as an addiction to body image?’ in the Journal of Behavioral Addictions, two commentaries by Jon Grant and Johanna Nieuwoudt were published in response to our paper. Method: Using the ‘addiction components model’, our main contention is that muscle dysmorphia (MD) actually comprises a number of different actions and behaviors and that the actual addictive activity is the maintaining of body image via a number of different activities such as bodybuilding, exercise, eating certain foods, taking specific drugs (e.g., anabolic steroids), shopping for certain foods, food supplements, and purchase or use of physical exercise accessories. This paper briefly responds to these two commentaries. Results: While our hypothesized specifics relating to each addiction component sometimes lack empirical support (as noted explicitly by both Nieuwoudt and Grant), we still believe that our main thesis (that almost all the thoughts and behaviors of those with MD revolve around the maintenance of body image) is something that could be empirically tested in future research by those who already work in the area. Conclusions: We hope that the ‘Addiction to Body Image’ model we proposed provides a new framework for carrying out work in both empirical and clinical settings. The idea that MD could potentially be classed as an addiction cannot be negated on theoretical grounds as many people in the addiction field are turning their attention to research in new areas of behavioral addiction.

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Commentary on: Muscle dysmorphia: Could it be classified as an addiction to body image?

Author(s): Johanna E. Nieuwoudt / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2015

The article titled ‘Muscle dysmorphia: Could it be classified as an addiction to body image?’ used Griffiths (2005) addiction components model as the framework in which to define muscle dysmorphia (MD) as an addiction. The authors (Foster, Shorter & Griffiths, 2014) proposed that MD could be re-classified as an addiction to body image. Method and aim: In response to the original article, the author of this commentary reflected on the ‘Addiction to body image’ model and the components of addiction as described in the context of MD. This invited commentary aimed to provide opposing viewpoints in order to give a balanced overview on the topic. Results: It appears as if the components of addictions can be used as a framework in which to define MD. However, systematic empirical evidence had not been provided for the withdrawal symptoms associated with this behavioral addiction. An opposing viewpoint is provided in response to Foster et al.’s (2014) statement that MD is different from other body dysmorphic disorders in regards to cognitive dysfunction, and therefore cannot be explained in the same way. Conclusions: Based on the little systematic empirical evidence to date, it may be a bit premature to re-classify MD as an addiction to body image.

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CONSCIOUSNESS OF SELF, OF TIME AND OF DEATH IN GREEK PHILOSOPHY: SOME REFLECTIONS

Author(s): Dominic O’Meara / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2015

In this paper, I do not propose to discuss the ways of thinking about and coming to terms with our awareness of our coming death. I would like rather to discuss a more particular and perhaps unusual problem, that of the relation between our awareness of our death and our consciousness of ourselves. In the following I take four examples: Parmenides, Plato, Epicurus and Plotinus. I sketch the different ways in which these philosophers saw the relation between self-consciousness and death, how they tried to dissipate what seemed to them to be a tension, even a contradiction, between these two parts of our existence. My discussion does not seek to contribute to the philological analysis of specific ancient texts, but proposes rather an attempt to reach an overall view, which might be of a broader interest.

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Conventional and Extended Versions of Means-end Chain Theory

Author(s): Elena Borgardt / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2018

This methodological and concept paper reviews the role and complexity of the recently emerged yet already well-established value-based cognitive model – Means-end Chain (MEC). The paper compares the most commonly used approaches to MEC. It examines the compatibility of available models with the theory behind MEC, reveal the conceptual gaps and outlines opportunities for future research. Leading papers, books and publications on MEC address either technical aspects of the theory or the interaction of MEC and values. The present paper paves the way for understanding the MEC from a novel, motivational perspective by integrating micro- and macro-levels into the theory. The theoretical framework is based on a critical view of the scientific literature and includes the identification of methodologies focusing on laddering techniques, statistical methods and programmes to plot Hierarchical Value Maps. Particular attention is paid to extended MEC models intersecting with value instruments (RVS, LOV), lifestyle approaches (AIOs, RISC, CCA, FRL, etc.), dual process models (the Elaboration Likelihood Model and the Heuristic-systematic Model) and the Theory of Planned Behaviour. These are used to outline the prospects prevailing in modern marketing and consumer research. The results of the investigation point to opportunities for enlarging the latitude of MEC by integrating micro and macro elements to enhance the model with symbolism, dynamics and multi-dimensionality.

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Czy neurotycy boją się skakać? Osobowościowe predyktory uprawiania sportu

Author(s): Jacek Skorupski-Cymbaluk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 8/2018

Teza. Celem artykułu jest zebranie i omówienie wiedzy z zakresu psychologii osobowości w sporcie oraz propozycja nowego wykorzystania dotychczasowych osiągnięć nauki w praktycznym treningu sportowym. Autor powołuje się na badania z zakresu osobowości, nawiązując szczególnie do teorii cech osobowości, postulując, że pomiędzy osobami, które uprawiają sport amatorsko i profesjonalnie, istnieją większe niż przeciętne, różnice indywidualne w natężeniu cech osobowości.Omówione koncepcje. Autor odwołał się do modeli osobowości PEN Eysencka, NEOAC Costy i McCrae, 16FP Cattella, koncepcji biologicznej Greya oraz do artykułów opisujących badania relacji osobowości z predyspozycjami i osiągnięciami sportowymi. Przedstawiono argumenty przemawiające za znaczeniem natężenia cech osobowości, takich jak neurotyczność czy ekstrawersja, w doborze metod treningowych (dobór rodzaju bodźców wzmacniających lub ćwiczeń).Wnioski. Współczesna literatura z zakresu psychologii sportu czerpie niewystarczająco z wiedzy z pozostałych gałęzi tej nauki, takich jak psychologia osobowości. Brakuje badań, które pozwoliłby skontrolować wpływ cech osobowości na sposób uprawiania sportu, szczególnie przez sportowców amatorskich.Ze względu na specyficzną konfigurację cech osobowości ludzie w specyficzny sposób reagują na bodźce: neurotycy silnie reagują na zagrożenie karą i ich zachowanie skupia się na unikaniu jej, podczas gdy ekstrawertycy kierują się potrzebą osiągnięć i nagród. Neurotycy charakteryzują się podwyższonym poziom lęku oraz mniejsza tolerancją bólu. Autor postuluje wykorzystanie tej wiedzy w praktyce trenerów sportu.

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CZY OSOBA ISTNIEJE? „Ja” i osobowość – dezintegracja i transcendencja

Author(s): Tadeusz Kobierzycki / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 4/2016

Within the dynamic theory put forward by Kazimierz Dąbrowski (1902-1980) personality is given and set in the plane of immanence: personality is developing. This growth is conditioned by the fact that personality is characterized by transcendence potentials. It is these potentials that allow personality to overcome its ontological defi cits which arise in situations of: birth, development, deficiency, disintegration, crisis, and sickness, even death. It is by the power of transcendence that personality is protected against total disintegration. This power may be identified with the force of life, health, resurrection, and even salvation. A psychosomatic being strives towards the physically unconditioned and thus towards the metaphysical. In order to provide a complete picture of the theory of personality—conceived of as a form of human being—it is indispensable to consider the most important positions in philosophy and psychology related to the analysis of existence.

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De la beauté de ma mère à celle de ma fille sur le « mur »

Author(s): Carla Suteu / Language(s): French / Issue: 3/2014

I wrote a novel, "Tita". An homage to my mother. I was deeply affected by her death. After the common writing experience I realized that nobody dies. Is just a change of location. A mechanism to double our love capacity…

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Depresja a integracja osobowa. Ujęcie poeriksonowskie

Author(s): Michal Bebrysz,Wanda Zagórska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2017

The present article deals with the problem of accumulation of psychosocial resources which adults who currently undergo the depression episodes have at their disposal. Such resources as trust, autonomy, initiative, sense of industry, sense of identity, intimacy, generativity and ontic integrity are all considered as manifestations of personal integrity. The theoretical purpose of this article is to identify the resources which become weakened during an ongoing depression episode. Some hypotheses referring to intergroup differences have been formulated as far as the intensification of psychosocial resources is concerned. The research included 60 people, aged between 25 and 66, and within this group 30 subjects were undergoing the depression episode (F32.1, F32.2, F33.1, F33.2). In the research, the Questionnaire of Personal Integration by Zagórska, Migut and Jelińska (2014) was used. The Questionnaire in question is an operationalization of the authorial conception of personal integration falling within the ambit of post-Eriksonian approach. Ontic integrity (Cronbach’s α < .7) was excluded from the analysis. The presence of a depressive episode or the lack of it explained 50 percent of the dispersion of the analyzed structure of traits. The variables with the most considerable input to the differentiation of the result profiles in two groups were trust, as the axial role in the model, and generativity. The variables defining the similarities of the groups in question were the sense of identity and intimacy. The variables such as autonomy, initiative and sense of industry had little impact on differences between the groups. Defining the fields of individual restrictions and strengths might be helpful in the prophylaxis and therapy of depression.

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Dezvoltarea psihică în cadrul relaţiilor intra şi inter personale

Author(s): Victoria Verdes / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 01/2015

As a basic dimension of personality, self esteem is related to the relation that each human subject has with himself, the confidence in one’s own ability to think and act independently, autonomously, to take decisions in order to reach goals, to assert one’s needs,aspirations, to aspire to and fight for their accomplishment.

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DIFFERENCES IN SELF-PRESENTATION AND SELF-ESTEEM BETWEEN POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE PERFECTIONISTS

Author(s): Anita Lauri Korajlija,Dora Kirigin / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2017

Research focusing on relationship between perfectionism and self-esteem is rather new and offers various and sometimes contradictory findings. Furthermore, a relationship between per-fectionism and implicit self-esteem is still an under- investigated topic. The aim of this study was to explore differences in levels of implicit and explicit self-esteem and self-presentation between positive and negative perfectionists. One hundred and forty un-dergraduate psychology participants in two time points filled in the Self-Liking and Self- Competence Scale, the Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Scale, the Perfectionism Questionnaire, and the Im-plicit Associations Test. Results showed a significant difference in self-liking, nondisplay of imperfection, and nondisclosure of im-perfection between positive and negative perfectionists. Positive perfectionists scored significantly higher on self-liking, and lower on nondisplay and nondisclosure of imperfection than negative perfectionists did. Positive perfectionists also had significantly higher levels of implicit self-esteem. There was no significant difference in self-competence and perfectionistic self-promotion between positive and negative perfectionists.

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DIMENZIJE OBITELJSKIH ODNOSA KAO PREDIKTORI VRŠNJAČKIM ODNOSIMA DJECE ŠKOLSKE DOBI

Author(s): Mira Klarin / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 60+61/2002

In this study we examined the link between the parent-child relationship and the child's relationship with peers. The proposed model assumes that the quality of the parent-child relationship affects the child's self-concept, which in turn affects the child's integration into the world of peers. The sample consisted of 263 children (10–14 years of age). The quality of the parent-child relationship was assessed by mother's and father's acceptance and rejection. Peer relationships were assessed by the quality of friendship and peer acceptance and rejection. The measure of the child's self-concept included general and social self-esteem. The results suggest that the father's acceptance predicts friendship quality and peer rejection. The child's self-concept serves as a mediating role in the relationship between the parent-child interaction, especially the father's acceptance, and involvement with peers. The results suggest that a positive self-concept and warm supportive parenting are related with peer relationship quality.

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DIMENZIJE SAMOPOIMANJA DJECE U ODNOSU NA OPAŽENU SOCIJALNU PODRŠKU IZ RAZLIČITIH IZVORA

Author(s): Andreja Brajša-Žganec,Zora Raboteg-Šaric,Renata Franc / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 50/2000

In the paper different aspects of boys' and girls' selfconceptions in early adolescence are examined. The main objective of this research was to determine the relationship between the perceived social support from different sources (parents, teachers, friends, classmates) and global self-worth as well as various self-concept dimensions (scholastic competence, social acceptance, athletic competence, physical appearance, behavioural conduct). The research was conducted on a sample of 340 sixth and seventh-grade primary school pupils. Stubjects were administered adapted versions of Harter’s (1985) scales measuring different self-concept and social support dimensions. Boys show significantly higher results on global self-worth, physical appearance and scholastic competence scales. Girls estimate that they are getting more social support from their parents and friends than boys. Separate hierarchical regression analyses were conducted on the results for the boys and girls samples with self-concept dimensions and global self-worth as criterion variables and various sources of perceived social support as predictor variables.

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Dimenzije self-koncepta i bavljenje sportom u ranoj adolescenciji

Author(s): Tatjana Tubic,Višnja Ðordic,Suncica Pocek / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 2/2012

The aim of this paper is to examine the differences in particular dimensions of self-concept in female and male adolescents depending on sports engagement, as well as to determine which domain-specific self-perceptions provide the highest contributions to global self-worth in female and male adolescents engaged in sport and those not engaged in it. This research included 400 subjects at early adolescent age, of both genders (235 females and 164 males) further divided to sub-samples of athletes and non-athletes. An adapted version of a scale Self-Perception Profile for Adolescents (Harter, 1988) was applied, which consists of nine subscales. The obtained results indicate that sport-engaged adolescents of both genders provide more favourable perception of themselves in most tested aspects of self-concept than those not engaged in an organized sports activity. Engagement in sport has special effect on self-concept of male adolescents. Results of multiple regression analysis point out unambiguously the significance of self-perception of physical appearance in global self-worth of adolescents of both genders, irrespective of whether they are involved in sports activity or not.

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