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Prevalencija, vrste i prediktori seksualne agresije u studenata

Author(s): Andrea Čvek,Ivana Tucak Junaković / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 3/2020

Sexual aggression refers to the use of various ways (verbal pressure, physical force, etc.) in order to compel another person to sexual activities without his/her consent. To understand more profoundly sexual aggression among Croatian students, the study was conducted with the aim of determining prevalence, types, and risk factors for sexual aggression on a sample of college students. In the online research, 458 students from various Croatian universities took part. Sexual aggression was measured by the Croatian translation of the Sexual StrategiesScale (SSS; Strange et al., 2013). The results have shown that students who use aggressive sexual strategies are more prone to gender prejudices, are more likely to engage in risky behaviors (alcohol consumption and impersonal sex), perceive greater peer pressure to have sex, and are higher on personality traits of psychopathy and narcissism, compared to students who do not use these strategies. The results of testing the predictive contribution of sets of variables assert the significant contribution of narcissism, peer pressure to have sex, sociosexuality, and alcohol consumption in explaining the variance of the number of sexually aggressive strategies used.

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SPORT KAO VANNASTAVNA AKTIVNOST U FUNKCIJI PREVENCIJE DRUŠTVENO NEPRIHVATLJIVOG PONAŠNJA DJECE I MLADIH

Author(s): Admir Hadžikadunić,Elmedin Muratbegović,Ajlina Jaganjac / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 5/2017

Reason for writing and research problem(s): Extracurricular activity of children and youth is a new quality in the contemplation of school development. Its primary objective is to contribute to the educational function of school and connect it with the social environment. Extracurricular activities develop the students’ independence, interests, freedom of expression, organized and cultural leisure. Today, the modern school cannot be imagined without a developed system of students’ extracurricular activities. Extracurricular activity is a specific type of organization and performance of educational content in heterogeneous areas of human activity. The involvement of children and young people in organized and pedagogically guided sports activities, outside of teaching and outside of school activities, contribute to the organized use of children and youth free time. Also, it contribute their versatile building personalities in the cognitive, affective and psycho-motor area. Aims of the paper (scientific and/or social): The aim of this paper is the impact of sporting activities on various forms of juvenile delinquency, as a result of internal and external factors that lead to the emergence of socially unacceptable behavior. Methodology/Design: For the purposes of this paper we analyzed the attitudes and opinions of secondary schools students in the Sarajevo Canton. The total sample consisted of 250 students of 5 secondary schools in the Sarajevo Canton. Research/Paper limitation: Organization of extracurricular activities attracted the attention of many researchers, mostly pedagogues, but also those from the fields of medicine, psychology, and even kinesiology. Considering that availability of research on the impacts of sport as the organization model for children and young people free time, and its influence, and prevention of socially unacceptable behavior is very scarce or even nonexistent, for the purpose of writing this work we were able to consult only a few previous studies that point to general organizational issues of free time, that children prefer during the time that remains to them after school, including family and other obligations during the day. Results/Findings: Based on the analysis, we have found that sport as an extracurricular activity may be an instrumentality of early prevention of socially unacceptable behavior, in a way that organized sports activities can be used to improve relations between children and youth, and their relation to society and the environment.

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PSIHOSOCIJALNE POSLJEDICE KRIZA

Author(s): Irmelina Karić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2020

Crises are an integral part of life and happen to individuals, families, groups and organizations, nations. A person who has lived in the belief of safety and protection becomes insecure, has a feeling that he is constantly exposed to danger and is afraid of new traumatic events. Large-scale catastrophes and crisis events are particularly threatening precisely because they affect all the systems that surround an individual at the same time. Therefore, the consequences of disasters are reflected in the entire life of the individual, the community and often society as a whole. When a large-scale crisis occurs, of course, the priority is to mitigate its effects on security (saving lives, caring for the injured, protecting property, meeting basic needs). However, psychosocial needs, such as caring for oneself and one's loved ones about the future, disturbing physical, emotional and mental reactions that indicate that the person is not emotionally stable, but are a sign of a possible development of a mental crisis, come to the fore very quickly. on the occurrence of these reactions, their long-term consequences on mental health, and some of the effective psychological crisis interventions.

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SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARINDA AŞIRI VE ZORUNLU ÇALIŞMANINDUYGUSAL ZEKÂ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİNDEUYUMLULUĞUNARABULUCULUĞU

Author(s): İlknur SAYAN,Osman Yildirim / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 49/2021

Intensive working conditions create negative physiological and psychological effects on employees. On the other hand, due to the fact that employees do excessive work and get used to overwork, it has led to many studies under the name of workaholicism. The purpose of this study is to reveal the mediating role of compliance in the effects of " Working Excessively" and " Working Compulsively" on emotional intelligence. For this purpose, data was collected by using convenience sampling method and by applying face-to-face questionnaire to 250 healthcare workers who voluntarily accepted to answer the questionnaire. Duwas scale, Emotional Intelligence (EI) scale and “Agreeableness” dimension of Five Personality Scale were used for the research questionnaire. Mediation effects were revealed by structural equation modeling with the help of SPSS AMOS program to analyze the data. According to the findings, it was revealed that working excessively and working compulsively do not have a direct effect on emotional intelligence. Moreover, it has been revealed that the harmonious personality trait has a mediating role in the effect of overworking on the evaluation of one's own emotions. Moreover, the mediating role of the harmonious personality trait was found in the effect of overworking on the individual's evaluation of his / her own emotions.

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Концепции за личностно развитие и самоактуализация

Author(s): Bozhena Takvorian-Solakian / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The main and structural features of self-actualization and personal development are considered in theoretical terms, as a socio-psychological process through the eyes of scientific thought. The manifestations of this phenomenon on an individual-personal and social level in the social reality are analyzed.

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Comparison of personality trait and emotional intelligence between the women who experienced domestic violence and control group

Author(s): Marzieh Seyyedyan,Tavakol Moosazadeh,Mohammad Narimani Mostaali Begloo / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

Aim. The aim of this research is comparing the role of personality traits and emotional intelligence between women who experienced domestic violence and a control group. Methods. The statistical population of the study includes all women (700 participants) referred to the judicial authorities of Ardabil province in 2019.The research sample included 30 women who experienced domestic violence and 30 women as control group (not experienced domestic violence) who were selected by available sampling method. To measure emotional intelligence and personality traits, the Bar-on Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire and NEO Questionnaire was used. The questionnaires briefly describe and evaluate the two complex concepts of emotional intelligence and current emotional health. Data analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software and MANOVA. The main variables of the research were neuroticism, extroversion, openness, agreeableness, extra-individual skills, conscientiousness, interpersonal skills, adaptability, stress control and public mood. Results. The findings of the research have shown that among the characteristics of the five major personality factors (NEO), only the neuroticism component was more prevalent among women who experienced domestic violence, and the rest of the personality traits (extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to new experiences) among control group were higher (P<0.05). Also, all components of emotional intelligence (extra-individual skills, intrapersonal skills, adaptability, stress control, and public mood) were higher among control group than those of women who experienced domestic violence (P<0.05). Conlusion. As a result, it can be acknowledged that personality traits and emotional intelligence abilities are among the main factors related to domestic violence and are very important in preventing this violence.

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Relationship between emotional reactivity to visual stimuli and basic personality traits

Author(s): Anđela Šoškić,Boris Đurović,Goran Opačić / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2021

Two studies with the same goal, but different instruments, investigated the correlation between basic personality traits and electrodermal reactivity to aversive visual stimuli. Study 1 focused on the Five Factor Model traits, while in Study 2, we investigated the HEXACO model, and an additional trait, Disintegration. In Study 1, emotional reactivity was expressed using Polyscore, a composite polygraph measure in which electrodermal response (EDR) had the largest weight, and it was measured with respect to stimuli with positive, neutral, and negative valences. In Study 2, we employed several measures of EDR to stimuli with negative valence. In both experiments, Conscientiousness correlated positively with EDR to aversive stimuli. Additionally, in Study 2, there was a negative correlation between Disintegration and EDR to aversive stimuli. Other traits were not related to EDR to aversive stimuli, and, in Study 1, we found no relationship between personality traits and reactivity to stimuli with positive or neutral valence.

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ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN ETKİLEŞİM KAYGISININ KİŞİLİK ÖZELLİKLERİNE VE SOSYAL MEDYA KULLANIMINA GÖRE İNCELENMESİ

Author(s): Betül Düşünceli,Sinem Fariz / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 21/2021

This study aims to examine the levels of social interaction anxiety of university students according to their personality traits and the time duration of social media use. A total of 646 students, 156 of whom were males and 490 females, studying at a public university, voluntarily participated in the study. Social Interaction Anxiety Scale and Big Five Personality Traits Scale were used to collect data in the study. Correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze the data. As a result of the research, it was found that among the personality traits, extraversion, neuroticism, and openness to experience significantly predict social interaction anxiety of university students. As extraversion and openness to experience increase, social interaction anxiety decreases, and social interaction anxiety increases as neuroticism increase. According to the regression coefficient, the importance of predictor variables on social interaction anxiety can be sorted as; extraversion, neuroticism, and openness to experience. Besides, as a result of the study, it was found that the level of social interaction anxiety of students who spend time in social media more than 5 hours was statistically higher than those who spend 0-1 hour. The findings were discussed within the relevant literature.

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Varoluşsal Kaygının Kişilik, Sağlık ve Demografik Özellikler ile İlişkisi

Author(s): Şule Demir,Gözde İkizer / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 04/2020

In this study, the aim was to examine the relationship between existential anxieties and personality traits, prior history of mental and physical health, and demographic characteristics in a sample of university students. Accordingly, 319 university students with a mean age of 20.84 completed the assessment tools for study variables. Data were collected by using a demographic information form, Existential Anxiety Scale and Basic Personality Traits Inventory. The findings showed that the participants' gender, age, and year in university were differentially related to existential concerns. A history of mental disorders was associated with higher levels of existential anxiety while a history of life-threatening physical illness was associated with only lower levels of meaninglessness anxiety. Personality factors were found to significantly predict existential anxiety. The findings would contribute to better understand existential anxiety and the factors associated with it.

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Romantik Aşk Mitleri Ölçeği: Türkçe Uyarlama, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Author(s): Erol Esen,Seçil Seymenler,Diğdem Müge Siyez / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 19/2021

Romantic Love Myths Questionnaire (RLMQ) developed by Lara ve Gomez-Urrutia (2019) evaluates young people’s beliefs in romantic love myths. The aim of this study is to adapt RLMQ to Turkish and to examine its psychometric characteristics. The participants consisted of 300 students (216 women and 84 men) with a mean age of 21.18 (SD = 1.88) from a state university. Romantic Love Myths Questionnaire (RLMQ), The Turkish Intimate Partner Violence Attitude Scale-Revised (IPVAS-R), and Perceived Romantic Relationship Quality Scale (PRRQS) were use as data collection tools. Construct validity of RLMQ Turkish form is tested with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and bivariate correlation analyses between romantic love myths, perceived romantic relationship quality, attitudes toward intimate partner violence are used to examine the convergent validity. CFA results point out that RLMQ Turkish form has two factor structure (idealization and love–abuse) just like the original form. In the reliability study, the Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was calculated as .74 for the idealization dimension and .76 for the love-abuse dimension, while the McDonald’s omega reliability coefficients were found as .76 and .77, respectively. Test-retest reliability coefficient was found as .79 for idealization dimension and .72 for love-abuse dimension. The findings of the study show that RLMQ Turkish form is a valid and reliable instrument to evaluate the beliefs in romantic love myths in emerging adulthood.

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Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Tek Başınalık, Psikolojik İhtiyaç Doyumu ve Benlik Kurgusu

Author(s): Öykü Özyazıcı,Fatma Altun / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 18/2020

Today, it is seen that solitary times are becoming more important which individuals take time to their interests, become aware of feelings and problem solving. In order to constructive experience of solitude, related variables must be investigated. The present study aims to investigate the relationships between the solitude of university students the psychological need satisfaction, the types of solitude experiences and self-construal. 662 (Female= 474, 71.6%, Male= 161, 24.3%) university students comprised the sample of the study. The average age of the participants is 20.58 (Sd= 2.10). In study, Personal Information Form, Preference for Solitude Scale, Types of Solitude Experiences Scale, Need Satisfaction Scale, and Related-Individualistic-Collectivistic Self Scale were used. As a result of Multiple Linear Regression analysis, it was found that the types of solitude, psychological need satisfaction and self-construal variables predicted 21% of the participants' preference for solitude. According to the results, individuals who experience positive types of solitude and have individualistic self-construal prefer to solitude more, while individuals who meet the relatedness psychological need prefer to solitude at a low level. This study is thought to contribute to the literature regarding the way individuals’ preference for solitude in the context of personal, environmental and cultural variables.

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Understanding offender managers’ views and experiences of psychological consultations

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Understanding offender managers’ views and experiences of psychological consultations

Author(s): Victoria Blinkhorn,Michael Petalas,Mark Walton,Julie Carlisle,Frank McGuire,Sarah Kane,Julie Moore / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

Few studies have investigated the effectiveness of the psychological consultation process specifically for offender managers. This study involves a total of 23 offender managers’ views and perceptions of the consultation process within four areas of the North West of England. Within each location, a focus group was conducted involving between four and eight participants and interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to analyse the responses. The analysis revealed four main themes: validation of thoughts, feelings and practice; professional support; a personal touch; and room for improvement. These findings are discussed along with implications for further research.

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Człowiek pomiędzy smutną rzeczywistością często przeżywanych porażek, a możliwością pełnej optymizmu samorealizacji. Dwanaście etapów przebaczenia według J. Monbourquette’a oraz ich skuteczna terapia

Author(s): Mieczysław Rusiecki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 19/2020

The twelve steps of forgiveness shown in this article completely heal and purify man of all hatred, serious injuries and prejudices after suffering painful denigration. The basic condition for forgiveness is complete personality maturity enriched by faith, hope, and love flowing from Christ’s Cross. Only a man who is on the path to perfection and holiness, by grace, will gain the heroism of complete break with evil and live fascinated by zealously rooting in the spiritual, just good.

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Reddedilme duyarlılığı ile yalnızlık arasındaki ilişki: Kırılgan narsisizm, büyüklenmeci narsisizm ve benlik saygısının aracı rolü: Reddedilme Duyarlılığı ve Narsisizmin Yalnızlıkla İlişkisi

Author(s): Arda Çağlayaner,Işıl Çoklar-Okutkan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2021

Rejection sensitivity and loneliness are some of the psychological factors that negatively affect people’s lives. The literature has revealed evidence that rejection sensitivity may be associated with loneliness. The purpose of this study was to examine the possible mediating roles of vulnerable narcissism, grandiose narcissism, and self-esteem in the relationship between rejection sensitivity and loneliness. The research sample consisted of 296 [231 (78%) women, 63 (21.3%) men] university students in İstanbul, whose ages are between 18 and 28 years. Socio-demographic Information Form, Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire, Pathological Narcissism Inventory, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and UCLA Loneliness Scale were used for the data collection. The findings of the analyses revealed that vulnerable narcissism, grandiose narcissism, and self-esteem significantly predict loneliness. When the serial mediation models were tested, it was found that grandiose narcissism and self-esteem in the first model, and vulnerable narcissism, and self-esteem in the second model had mediating roles respectively in the relationship between rejection sensitivity and loneliness. Research findings are discussed in the light of the literature, and the limitations of the study and its contributions to clinical practice and suggestions for future research are presented.

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The importance of language in the recognition and categorisation of emotional states. The relationship between “me” and emotion in a cultural context

Author(s): Henryk Gasiul / Language(s): English Issue: Special/2021

This article concerns the analysis of the importance of language in the self-determination of one’s emotional states and his/her determination of the same in another person. In the first part of the article, the author presents difficulties related to the categorisation of emotions resulting from the use of different languages. The author goes on to prove that a broadly defined culture is of key significance for understanding emotions, with language being an indispensable dimension for naming certain emotional states. Due to the fact that emotions are specifically linked to the “subjective self ”, fundamental role should be attributed to the kind of formed mental structure that defines the character of this “subjective self ”. Collective and individualistic cultures are examples of a different formation of the structure of the “self ”. They determine the ways of experiencing emotions and the types of dominant emotional states. As the basic system of social communication, language allows these states to be given meaning, and thus explains the difference in their experiences and guides the way they are categorised.

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Зависимость точностных и скоростных показателей психомоторной координации при работе руками у младших школьников от уровня компьютерной нагрузки

Author(s): Nataliya Borisovna Pankova,Irina Borisovna Alchinova,Olga Igorevna Kovaleva,Marina Andreevna Lebedeva,Nadezhda Nikolaevna Khlebnikova,Anton Borisovich Cherepov,Leonid Alekseevich Noskin,Mikhail Yur’evich Karganov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2021

The means and methods of computerized learning introduced into the education system in recent years are changing the attitude towards writing with a pen. Children are increasingly typing on a keyboard. This brings into focus research investigations aimed at identifying the possible influence of the above-mentioned type of educational activity on the indicators of psychomotor skills. The purpose of this research is to study accuracy and speed indicators of psychomotor coordination when working with hands in primary school students, depending on the amount of computer load (screen time). Materials and Methods. The study involved 4205 primary schoolchildren in grades 1-4 from 66 educational settings in Moscow (5 academic years, testing took place in October and March-April; all samples were independent). Indicators of psychomotor coordination (speed, accuracy, and smoothness of movements) when performing a motor test using "computer movement meter" (CMM) device were evaluated. The amount of lesson and out-of-school screen time was evaluated by teachers, relying on the hygiene standards: 0 points – no load, 1 point – compliance with hygiene standards, 2 points – twice exceeding the standards, 3 points – exceeding the standards by 3 or more times. Statistical data processing was performed using nonparametric criteria. Results. The research revealed the correlation between the total (lesson and out-of-school) screen time and indicators of psychomotor coordination in primary schoolchildren. The most obvious differences in psychomotor indices were found at the very beginning of school education – in October, in the 1st grade: in children with a minimum amount of computer load, the indicators of speed and accuracy were the worst. Speed indicators of psychomotor skills in groups of children (especially boys) with a high computer load have seasonal variability in the form of improvement by the end of the school year. Accurate indicators of psychomotor skills, on the contrary, with an increase in the amount of general computer load, lose variability and decrease. The smoothness of movements did not depend on the screen time. Conclusions. The identified changes in the psychomotor skills of primary school students who are active computer-users can be considered as a positive adaptive response in the form of developing new motor skills.

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Pokolenie Z – próba diagnozy

Author(s): Agnieszka Całek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1 (245)/2021

Review of: Agnieszka Całek - Jean M. Twenge: iGen. Dlaczego dzieciaki dorastające w sieci są mniej zbuntowane, bardziej tolerancyjne, mniej szczęśliwe – i zupełnie nieprzygotowane do dorosłości: i co to oznacza dla nas wszystkich, przeł. Olga Dziedzic. Smak Słowa. Sopot 2019, s. 384.

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BIG FIVE PERSONALITY TRAITS AS PREDICTORS OF MINDFULNESS: A STUDY ON A BOSNIAN SAMPLE

Author(s): Sabina Alispahić,Enedina Hasanbegović-Anić,Đenita Tuce / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

The goal of present study was to examine the relationship between mindfulness and Big five personality traits on Bosnian sample. We used the following instruments: Sociodemographic scale, Five Factor Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) and The Big Five Inventory. According to the results, there is a moderate and inverse correlation between mindfulness and Neuroticism, and small to moderate positive correlations with other Big five personality traits (Openness, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness and Extraversion). The results of multiple regression analysis showed that Big five personality traits explain the significant proportion of the variance for the criterion variable mindfulness and that the significant predictors for mindfulness were Neuroticism, Conscientiousness and Openness. More research is needed to explore this multi-faceted nature of both Big five personality traits and mindfulness.

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Osobine bračnih partnera, psihološki procesi u braku I karakteristike braka kao prediktori ljubavi u braku

Author(s): Josip Obradović,Mira Čudina-Obradović / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2021

This study was conducted to determine the predictors of marital love. Sternberg's Triangular Theory of Love (1986) is used as a starting point. Accordingly, a theoretical model that consists of four groups of level 1 predictor variables and a group of level 2 variables is used. The dependent variables in the model include the three dimensions of love: Passion, Intimacy, and Commitment. The research was conducted among 884 married couples from different parts of Croatia. The results show that married women are less passionate and that marriage partners' passion in marriage is greater at the beginning of the marriage without children and when there is a mutual physical attraction between partners. Married women report less intimacy while greater marital intimacy was present in marriages where there is greater partner support. Unlike passion, the experience of intimacy does not vary at different marital stages. Women show less commitment and partners' commitment to marriage is greater when there is greater emotional stability of both partners, greater mutual physical attraction, and partner support. At the end of the paper, limitations on making firmer conclusions based only on the present study are emphasized.

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OSOBINE LIČNOSTI NASTAVNIKA KAO DETERMINANTA PERCEPCIJE STRESA I MENTALNOG ZDRAVLJA

Author(s): Anela Hasanagić,Almira Isić-Imamović,Muharem Adilović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 19/2021

Numerous research studies have shown that teaching profession is one of those most susceptible to stress. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, there are also some additional aggravating circumstances which might be considered stress factors among teachers, primarily a low socio-economic status and forced adaptation to systematic school changes. Moreover, teachers are often victims of a social and moral crisis as well as of the changed roles in education. This paper aims to provide an insight into the current state of teachers' mental health, the presence of stress and stress factors, and to investigate whether and to what extent personality traits and social and economic factors are significant predictors of teachers' perception of stress and their mental health. The following instruments were used: BIG 5, Teacher Stress Inventory (TSI) and Mental Health Inventory (MHI). The sample comprised 181 teachers working in state elementary and high schools in B&H. The results indicate that a moderate level of stress is present among teachers. The stress sources are mainly professional limitations (M=2,56), the issue of discipline and students' motivation (M=2,46), and stress factors related to profession (M=2,47) – large classes, too much paperwork, too little time and money for preparation. The most common manifestations of stress are cardiovascular disorders (M=2,02), fatigue (M=1,91) and emotional disorders (M=1,87). Statistically significant correlations were found between personality traits of extroversion of comfort, conscientiousness, neuroticism and openness, ranging from 0,169 to 0,381. The strongest correlation existed between neuroticism and extroversion. Neuroticism was mainly found to correlate positively with the subscales of stress and stress manifestations, while extroversion was in a negative correlation with stress perception and manifestation. In terms of the correlation between personality traits and MHI subscales, the correlation was in the range between 0,218 and 0,590, with the subscale of neuroticism showing moderately high correlation with anxiety, depression, behavior and emotional control, psychological instability, but also demonstrating negative correlation with psychological well-being, general positive affect and general mental health index.

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