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ТЕРОРИЗАМ – ПРЕТЊА ГЛОБАЛНОЈ БЕЗБЕДНОСТИ

Author(s): Hatidža Beriša,Rade Slavković,Ivan Rančić / Language(s): Bosnian,Serbian / Issue: 3/2018

A particular problem in defining terrorism is the fact that so far there is no single view on the essential elements of terrorism, as a term.The process of globalization and the establishment of a "new world order", the leader of the United States, do not perceive all countries in the same way, nor are these processes equal to all countries. In addition, these processes create favorable conditions for the creation and spread of terrorism at all levels of society, but also for its implementation by the state (state terrorism) as the most dangerous form of political violence. If we analyze global terrorist activities over the past thirty years, we can conclude that terrorist attacks are more lethal and the number of attacks is growing.

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Техноконспирации: страшната страна на дигиталното сублимно

Author(s): Julia Rone / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 48/2017

The current paper situates the scare around the “Russian hacking of the US elections” in a historical line of utopias and dystopias of the digital age. By tracing the genealogy of beliefs about the Internet and democratization, I show how the initial euphoric embracement of cyber-space as revolutionizing politics has been inverted in more recent narratives about the Internet and the death of democracy. In the shadow of figures such as hackers, bots, and trolls spreading disinformation, both Democrats and Republicans have created their own conspiracy theories around the leaking of DNC emails. By analysing a Reddit thread that attempts to be “neutral” amidst an increasingly polarized political debate, I show how difficult it is to avoid relapsing in conspiracy theories considering the absence of publicly available decisive evidence, the diminished trust in institutions, and the amenability of technological trails to falsification and multiple interpretations. Thus, apart from laying a claim on the right to know and tell political truths, conspiracy theories point also to the impossibility of attaining, in a rational and categorical way, a truth that is passionately sought. Ultimately, I argue that interpreting the outcome of the US elections as the result of a secret technological intervention is a form of techno-fetishism that overlooks much more complex political and economic factors.

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Технології дозвіллєвої діяльності з сім’ями

Author(s): Oksana Oliinyk / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 1/2016

Objective. The study searches for new approaches to working with families by creating and raising importance of the system of value orientations of family leisure and introduction of its various forms, types and technologies into practice of family leisure. Family leisure plays a leading role in shaping of harmonious relationship in a family. The decline of the institution of the family and the reducing trend of cultural and leisure relations in modern families require to research family leisure technology and its role in shaping of Ukrainian family value system. Research methodology is based on application of the methods of leisure activities in the groups of different age as well as psychological techniques (interactive methods). Specified methodological approach enables to reveal the essence of personality and peculiarities of its development at various age stages and to study active methods of socio-psychological training for the personal development and self-actualization. Scientific novelty consists in expanding of notions of diversity of family leisure technologies: age-related, recreational, environmental and cultural. Family leisure study and determination of scope of family leisure preferences and traditions provides the possibility to be aware of the importance of using the methods, techniques, forms and types of leisure activities according to stages of family development, distribution of roles and family responsibilities as well as to take into consideration family life cycle, its composition, family subsystems and its basic parameters, which determine a specific character of relationship. Conclusions. Family leisure plays an important role in constructive relations in the family and transmission of family values and traditions from one generation to the other. Organized family leisure contributes to optimizing of the marital and parent-child relationships, creating of positive emotional ties, development of social and emotional identity of family members, revival of traditions and moral values of a family and development of family leisure culture.

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ТОЛЕРАНТНОСТЬ К НЕОПРЕДЕЛЁННОСТИ, ТРЕВОЖНОСТЬ И ЧУВСТВО ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ У РУССКИХ И ТАТАРСКИХ СТУДЕНТОВ

Author(s): Bulat Salyamovich Alishev / Language(s): Russian / Issue: 6/2013

The article presents and analyzes data on the degree of expressiveness of such psychological parameters as uncertainty tolerance, basic anxiety (worry) and the sense of psychological security (acceptance of the World) in ethnic and cultural groups of Russians and Tatars. Special attention is paid to the relationship between these parameters and motivation to succeed. In particular, no relationship between uncertainty tolerance, anxiety and the sense of psychological security was revealed in any of the ethnic and cultural groups of students. In addition, the level of anxiety in the group of Tatar students was found to be higher than in other groups.

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Тормозът между учениците (емпирично изследване)

Author(s): Donka Nikova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 5/2018

This article presents some results of an empirical research on the topic of bullying at school. The results describe the sample according to the ways of bullying at school, the usual places where it occurs and the distribution of this phenomenon among the students in particular school in Sofia (Bulgaria). The results and analysis of the results are presented in two parts: general results and results by gender. Poll and statistical methods are used in the research. The results of the empirical research are representative for the studied school and orientative for the schools in Bulgaria.

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Традиционалне такмичарске дечје игре као инструмент социјализације деце у Товаришеву

Author(s): Aleksandar Krel / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/2005

Циљ рада∗ је да на практичном примеру, односно у случају тради- ционалних такмичарских дечјих игара у Товаришеву, прикаже на који начин оне функционишу као важан инструмент социјализације, помо- ћу кога се на децу преносe експлицитни и имплицитни вредносни ставови и оријентације традицијског друштва. Примарни задатак рада је утврђивање и приказивање најважнијих циљева социјализације, остварених посредством такмичарских дечјих игара у Товаришеву. Стога су у њему у први план постављене њихове социјализирајуће вредности.

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Трансформація часосприйняття в умовах миттєвої комунікації

Author(s): Marianna Mykolayivna Golubenko / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 39/2017

Purpose of Article. The purpose of the article is to describe the transformation processes of perception of time in the context of media culture. The methodology of the research is based on the use of cultural, comparative and historical-logical methods. The scientific novelty lies in an attempt to survey and generalize the main causes of known temporal transformations of consciousness, starting from the principles of the theory of media, and to reveal how the sense of time has been changed during the development of humanity, being exposed to various median factors. Conclusions. As a result of the research it was proved that during the historical development, the spatial-temporal experience of humankind had undergone significant changes. A review and generalization of the causes of temporal transformational processes is made, their character is considered, and the influence of the following medial factors is revealed: the invention of the writing, in particular the technology of the phonetic alphabet; the invention of electricity; The emergence of a new mosaic type of consciousness as a result of the excessive use of instant communication tools; the modification of the perception of space and time by a person in a virtual reality.

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Траурна ритуалност и нагласи към смърттта на българите

Author(s): Krasimira Yonkova,Doncho Donev / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2014

The death is not attractive to anyone, but is resident for each living creatures. Its conversion into taboo leads to a different transformations. We may find their expression in a symbolic funeral rituals. From this perspective, mourning and funeral rites of the Bulgarians proved particularly significant in shaping the attitudes toward death. If we linking these attitudes with specific stages of life, the dynamic in the attitude of Bulgarians towards the end of life will be clearly traceable.

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Тревогата в психоанализата

Author(s): Milena Motsinova-Brachkova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2013

Тhe article presents anxiety as fundamental to psychoanalytic understanding of the nature of man as a speaking being and his mental functioning. As a reason for anxiety initially Sigmund Freud indicates suppression of mental images in which the remainder of not symbolized libido raises concern. Second version of Freud presents anxiety as a product of the loss of an object; castration, associated with the Оedipal complex, implies the absence of the object. One part of the libido remains inaccessible to symbolization and that this part of the libido Jacques Lacan would call Real. Lacan regarded libido problems beyond phallic and Oedipal complex. By introducing the subject „little a” it shows that anxiety is objectless. The site „little a” functions as a lost object – oral object (the breast), the anal object, gaze, voice. The symptom is a therapeutic key to anxiety in psychoanalysis. Analytical work with the symptoms depends on the psychic structure of the subject – neurotic or psychotic structure. Analysis began because anxiety or some painful symptoms, associated with dysfunction and ends with a new final symptom that helps man to name the unnameable part of his being, and in fact this is a new way of living.

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ТРЕВОЖНОСТ ПРИ ДЕЦАТА ОТ НАЧАЛНА УЧИЛИЩНА ВЪЗРАСТ И РОЛЯТА Й ЗА ФОРМИРАНЕ НА ЕМОЦИОНАЛНА КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТ

Author(s): Silviya Marushkina / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2017

The article aims to study the levels of anxiety in children from 98th Primary School - Sofia and to connect the result with its role in shaping of emotional competences and the ability of children to adapt to school. The results will outline the children' sattitudes and readiness for their motivated participation in the learning process.

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Тревожността като категория на психологията

Author(s): Petya Trifonova-Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 1/2014

If the worries and fears prevent you from living in the way you would like, you probably suffer from anxiety disorder. The good news is that there are many ways we could influence anxiety and its symptoms until reduce it to a minimum and regain control of our lives. Anxiety helps us to be focused and in good condition and motivates us to act and solve problems in our daily lives.

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УЛОГА НАСТАВНИКА И ОБРАЗОВНО-ВАСПИТНИХ УСТАНОВА У ПРЕВЕНЦИЈИ ВРШЊАЧКОГ НАСИЉА

Author(s): Miloš Mitrović / Language(s): Bosnian,Serbian / Issue: 3/2018

There is almost no person, who did not experience in their childhood some kind of violence in the interaction with their peers. Those people, with the every new case of peer violence, which comes into public, experience again negative experiences, which they experienced in their childhood. Therefore, a huge interest of scientific and wider public in the problem of peer violence and questions regarding its prevention is not a wonder.The role of a teacher in the prevention of such violence is essential; however, one gets impression that he is a figure, who is not extremely interested in that, and therefore, it is no wonder that a lot of children do not seek teacher’s help, nor do they expect that he will offer help. This statement has been analyzed in the work through the understanding of a wider social context of peer violence, which is shown mainly in the disparity between the system of values, which is promoted at school by teachers, and the system of values, which generally prevails in the society. Special attention has been paid to a certain number of mechanisms – preventive and intervening, which are at disposal for teachers and educational institutions in the context of stopping peer violence. According to the study, conceptualized in such a way, we came to the conclusion that educational institutions and, first of all, teachers can be successful in the prevention of peer violence if they build an adequate relationship with their students and show their willingness to help. However, even on that condition, the effect of measures, which they would undertake, would be of limited reach, if it does not come to the change of social ambience, in which the students grow up, and which has marginalized the function of educational institutions to a great extent in the previous decades.

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Улога упадљиве потрошње у социјалној интеракцији и перцепцији

Author(s): Anja Mitić,Ivana B. Petrović,Veljko Đurić / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 4/2017

The subject of the paper was to examine the effect of conspicuous consumption on the perception and attitudes of young people in Novi Sad and Niš (Serbia). The paper presents the results of the experimental empirical research, aimed to investigate the role of this phenomenon in social interaction and the perception of youth. Experiment has been preceded by extensive non-experimental study with the aim to investigate the attitude of youth towards luxury goods, especially clothes. The experiment tested whether and how logos of expensive brands on the clothes affect the perception of the person wearing them. The results confirmed the existence of significant differences in thirteen of the fifteen selected features. The aim was to indicate the presence and role of conspicuous consumption in the contemporary context, as well as to point out its influence in the social interaction and perception of young people.

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Управлінська культура людських відносин

Author(s): Elena Yaroslavivna Kovalenko / Language(s): Ukrainian / Issue: 2/2019

The purpose of the work is a theory and methodology analysis of administrative culture of human relations in the epoch of industrial which will be instrumental in enriching of science new knowledges about the cultures of management in the context of development of civilization. Methodological basis of research is dialectical principle of cognition, sociocultural and historical approaches of the systems, fundamental positions of theory and history of management culture. The scientific and interdisciplinary methods of research are used: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparison, formalization. The scientific novelty of the got results consists in an exposure and generalization of features of administrative culture of human relations of industrial society. Conclusions. As a result of research found out such the features of administrative culture of human relations of epoch of industrial, as: at first, waiver of engineering approach to the management, at which a man was part of production line; secondly, in a counterbalance to mechanistic conception of «economic man» which reacts only on incentives of wages, conception of «social man», which assumes that, went out on the first plan, except for a financial benefit, a worker aspires to satisfaction of moral necessities; thirdly, the main object of attention is a worker as personality and that is why to each individual approach is needed; fourthly, any formal organization with the officially set rules and orders is necessarily complemented informal organization, based on the moral aspects of co-operation; fifthly, transition vid hard regulation to democratization of management, humane relationships with inferiors, to respect of their idea, group decision-making; knot, consideration of management as to the process of co-operation of people, the tasks of which are taken to the study of relations of interpersonalities; seven, account of emotional factor and interests of worker, and also options of groups and traditions.

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Усамљеност и аномија код младих

Author(s): Jelena Lj. Minić,Miljana Pavićević / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 5/2019

Taking in to account characteristics of adolescence a period of development and specific conditions of growing up in the territory of Kosovo and Metohija, we have tried to examine loneliness and anomia, in our paper, using the sample of young people who live and/or study in Kosovo and Metohija (Н=130, students of first year of studies and pupils of final grades of secondary schools). Loneliness is defined as an unpleasant state (emotionally and motivationally) due to the inability of satisfying need for intimacy, love and belonging. Anomia ison psychology level manifest eda samess of aims, feeling of hopelessness, passivity and so on.The aim of this research his to examine mutual relation between loneliness and anomia, as well as relation with financial state, educational level of parents and success at school. The objectives of there search are to determine differences in manifesting of loneliness and anomia in regard to sex and place of residence. Instruments: Scale of anomia, Short version of UCLA scale of loneliness and Questionnaire of basic data. Results show that young people have lower value of loneliness and significant anomia as well as high positive relation between loneliness and anomia, which means that the adolescents with anomia are lonelier. No significant relation between anomia and loneliness between financial state, educational level of parents and success at school is found, neither is significant difference between manifested anomia and loneliness in regard to their sex and place of residence of the young people.

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Утицај стреса на агресивно понашање особа са аутизмом и интелектуалном ометеношћу и поступци реаговања

Author(s): Daniela Tomaš / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 1/2016

Behavior problems of people with autism as well as intellectual disability are often shown as the consequence of the frustrations caused by the outer factors and feelings of emotional emptiness which appear as the consequence of reduced social interactions and support or because of a subjective feeling of dissatisfaction with one’s personal life. The number of researches have tried to show the effects of changing the environmeent to the behaviour of the intellectually disabled people, and some results show that it is important to realise that the problems in behaviour are connected to the surrounding conditions, life quality and quantity of the stress present. The housing conditions are of great importance for the quality of life and psychosocial condition of people with autism and intelectual disability. With the aim of giving a quality support to the adult people with autism and intelectual disability it is very important to understand their behaviour and its negative manifestations like aggression and other issues in behaviour better and to deal firstly with their cause, in order to prevent that behaviour, and not focus only on the behaviour as the consequence of the effect of the negative factors. In addition, it is very important that, in situations when such behavioral problems manifest themselves, we apply the appropriate procedures for their removal.

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Участие на Аза, правилата и смисловият контекст в рефлексивната ситуация

Author(s): Boris Minchev / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2016

The paper is a theoretical account of human capacity for reflexive conscious experience. The conceptual background of the topic is shaped by the empiricism – rationalism debate initiated by R. Descartes and J. Locke. The contemporary background inherited the positions in the old controversy. Next an original view on reflexivity is proposed. It is summarized in 11 theses. The main idea is the organization of the reflexive situation around a reflexive Self. The latter is composed of two parts – active spontaneous “I” and a passive content “me”. Both are shifting fast as fast phases of a full Self. The Self is internally reflexive. The Self is responsively reflective to the rest of the situation. Thus reflexivity is doubled. This subjective amplification makes reflexive feelings “stereoscopic”. Self-centered situations become intensely detailed due to the reflective attitude and it makes it viewed in a new way. In the report the prototypic reflexive situation is discussed.The latter is constituted by the meaning context, experienced by the Self of the individual in a specific socio-cultural setting. A vast variety of reflexive patterns may be comprehended by arrangement around a prototype. Personal reflexivity is prototypic. The other reflexive states share partially properties of personal reflexive experience. Complex volitions are constituted by personal reflection. For the alleviation of the coordination going on, the Self relies on rules, specific affordances, performing a number of functions – instrumental, defining, criterial, etc. Rules are designed to master a particular situation in which the Self, meaning and setting also converge. The very mastering of situations of cognitive or existential-value nature leads to the acquisition of reflexive skills, first supported by rules. Later the rules are implicitly felt or become habits. Rules are important didactic means in the educational reflexive practice. Therefore they should be known about their didactic applications.

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Учебно-познавателната евристична дейност като фундамент за развиване на рефлексивните способности на учениците

Author(s): Nina Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 5/2016

The article studies various conditions of combining heuristic activity, taking place in the process of learning, with activation of reflection processes, as well as any possible consequences of such combination. Author’s positive research experience in this area has been shared, related to the realization of reflexive-synergetic approach principles in mathematics education. Concise presentation is made of the results of a pedagogical experiment proving the thesis that the organisation and management of student educational-cognitive heuristic activity by using an educa­tional technology which has been specifically created for this purpose, developed in compliance with the fundamental principles of the reflexive-synergetic approach, increases the level of student individual intellectual reflection abilities.

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Ученето в природонаучното познание и страхът от провал

Author(s): Nikolay Tsankov,Veska Guyviiska / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 2/2018

The main problem discussed in this article is related to the reasons as to how and why fear dominates students’ learning process in education institutions. A right approach toward the topic requires first an investigation of the cognitive aspects of fear, especially when we talk about nature and science knowledge and studies. The research reveals and analyses the main concept characteristics of fear, connected to different ways of thinking and understanding the learning process. Some fear barriers of the learning process have been outlined. The empirical defense of the ideas is based on the research ideas of Daniel Kahneman, an Israeli-American psychologist, and his work on the psychology of judgment and decision-making in conditions of inexplicitness. The empirical data used for the research includes inquiries into students and teachers’ opinion of fear of learning. It is based on the concept of cognitive niches in thinking, which become barriers to learning. In the field of natural science education this problem deserves special attention.

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Ученическите емоции удоволствие, тревожност и скучаене в процеса на учене по време на час

Author(s): Nina Gerdzhikova / Language(s): Bulgarian / Issue: 3/2016

The article presents data from the survey of 12-15 years-old students. The data show that students do not experience strong emotions during class. 79,1% of students would be absent from class if they are feeling tension. At the same time, 69,7% of students never or very seldom would be left demonstratively the classes. These data clearly show the attitude of students to control their negative emotions in accordance to the requirements of the teacher to them. The educational status of the mother doesn’t influence the type of emotional behavior.

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