BETWEEN BIBLIOLOGY AND LINGUISTICS. ROMANIAN PRIMERS PRINTED IN BLAJ, BRAȘOV AND SIBIU (1831-1850)

Author(s): Delia Ileana Lugojanu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 32/2023

The Protestant Reformation, followed by the Counter-Reformation were the context and the condition that gave impetus to the process of elementary education of the Romanian population in Transylvania. All the more so as one of the wishes of the Viennese Habsburg Court was the literacy of all its subjects, but especially their learning of Latin letters. The lack of textbooks was initially made up for by religious books - Psalters and Catechisms, followed by Primers. The article follows the diachronic evolution of the primers printed in three Transylvanian printing centers - Blaj, Brasov and Sibiu - and a brief analysis of the primers text as a linguistic sign.

Конкурентно позициониране на висшите училища и дигитална трансформация

Author(s): Gergana Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

The processes of technological development and digitization of the economy find their projection on universities. As a producer of knowledge, they are expected to respond strategically to the challenges of scientific and technical progress to absorb the existing digital potential, at least in two aspects: in relation to the formation of the quality of human capital, according to the needs of the labor market and in terms of the quality of research activity and the transfer of knowledge – to increase innovation activity and the development of the national economy. In this regard, the research thesis is that in conditions of the knowledge economy and Industry 4.0, the main factors for the competitiveness of HEIs and for their competitive positioning are derived from the cooperation between science, education and business and their strategic transformation from classical to research universities, with an equal focus on their educational and research activities.

Образователни аспекти на подготовката на командния състав от Сухопътните войски

Author(s): Emil Enev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

At the beginning of the XXI century, the understanding of transformation encompasses not only organizational and structural processes, but also processes regarding the proficiency of those who implement them. In the Armed Forces system, proficiency can be considered in several aspects – doctrinal, managerial, methodological, psychological, pedagogical, technical. Since transformation is not a single act, but an ongoing function of the National Security System, it is necessary to emphasize the importance of the continuity of the process of acquiring knowledge for today's immediate performers as they grow and assume positions of responsibility. The purpose of this paper is to present arguments for the need to transform the proficiency (knowledge and capabilities) of transformational process leaders – at operational and tactical levels, to navigate and skillfully apply modern technological innovations in favour of the thinking and preparation of the governing bodies and in the Land Forces training system.

Determining the Degree of Digitalization of a Higher Education Institution

Author(s): Hristo Beloev,Angel Smrikarov,Valentina Voinohovska,Galina Ivanova / Language(s): English Issue: 4s/2023

The digitalization of education institutions has become increasingly important in the modern era, where technology plays a vital role in teaching, learning, and administrative processes. This article aims to explore and present a framework for determining the degree of digitalization within (higher) education institutions, considering both quality and quantity factors. By analysing various factors such as infrastructure, curriculum integration, digital tools and resources, student engagement, administrative systems, as well as the scale and depth of digital implementation, this study provides a comprehensive approach to assess the level of digital transformation. Additionally, the article discusses the potential benefits and challenges associated with digitalization, emphasizing the need for strategic planning and implementation to ensure effective integration of technology in educational settings. The findings of this research contribute to a deeper understanding of the digitalization process in (higher) education institutions, considering both the quality and quantity aspects, and provide valuable insights for educators, administrators, and policymakers seeking to enhance and optimize digital learning environments.

Оценяване и акредитация на българското висше образование: проблеми и решения в период на дигитална трансформация

Author(s): George Totkov,Hristina Kostadinova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4s/2023

Creating criteria, qualitative and quantitative indicators used at evaluation and accreditation of objects in higher education, based on the so called “criteria systems”, along with methodologies and procedures, requires analysis of concrete problems. Ten basic problems of the accreditation system in the Bulgarian higher education system are presented in this work. Some problems followed by changes in the Higher Education Law, according to which the work of the Higher Education Institutions, standing committees, and groups of external reviewers at NEAA raised by 50%. Aiming to reduce the number of activities and overcoming the subjectivity when the accreditation grades and recommendations are formed, it is necessary to create common model of a criteria system and to design a software platform (in the form of the electronic platform of the NEAA), used to plan and conduct the corresponding procedures. Effective solutions to the main problems and the reduction of the workload of the accreditation procedures are possible, only based on the accelerated digitalization of higher education. Common elements of the model of the criteria system and the corresponding digital platform are based on solutions, not all of them unambiguous, of the discussed problems.

QUALITY ASSURANCE IN EUROPEAN PROJECT SEMESTER AT UNIVERSITY POLITEHNICA OF BUCHAREST

Author(s): Anca Greculescu,Liliana-Luminița Todorescu / Language(s): Spanish Issue: 33/2023

The aim of the current study is to disseminate best practices likely to ensure the quality of the didactic process within the European Project Semester (EPS) conducted at University Politehnica of Bucharest. Students’ feedback plays a crucial role in identifying the strengths and weaknesses of this instructional program addressed to engineering students of various cultural, linguistic and professional backgrounds, Feedback questionnaires were administered to 18 Romanian and foreign students studying an EPS between 2022-2023 and the research outcomes have illustrated their satisfaction with this professional and cultural experience, the syllabus and the projects proposed as well as with their teachers and tutors. Hence, students’ opinions will help develop a set of future educational actions likely to promote, manage and permanently improve the quality of this higher educational program and its impact on the training of engineering students.

Възможности за приложение на блокчейн технологията в образованието

Author(s): Andrian Minchev,Vanya Stoykova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4s/2023

Blockchain is a particularly promising technology that is inherently a decentralized, secure and public digital ledger that can be used to create and manage digital tokens. They are carriers of value and are stored on the blockchain. Blockchain technology ensures that tokens are secure and tamper-proof. Non transferable tokens, also called “soulbond” tokens, are gaining popularity as a way to authenticate ownership. Originally created to convey information in the field of cryptocurrencies, they could find other use-cases as well.The purpose of the report is to examine the possibilities of using blockchain technology in education, including the benefits and problems that could arise. Specific examples are presented, as well as a proposal for the application of nonfungible tokens (NFT) for certifying the results and achievements of students during their studies in the learning system of Trakia electronic University (TreU).

Предизвикателства на дигиталната трансформация в образованието – сравнителен анализ на студентското мнение

Author(s): Miroslava Boneva,Anton Nedyalkov,Milena Kirova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4s/2023

Challenges, Requirements, Opportunities and Solutions for the Digital Transformation of the Transport Education

Author(s): Georgi Hristov,Ivan Beloev,Plamen Zahariev / Language(s): English Issue: 4s/2023

The digital transformation impacted many aspects of the everyday human live. This global phenomenon changed almost all industries and has led to improved working efficiency, overall enhancements of many activities and processes and the establishment of many new professions. The transition into the digital era was fuelled by the vast development, the wide acceptance and the increased use of many new technologies, devices and solutions. Nevertheless, the digital transformation has also resulted in new challenges and has defined new difficulties, which have to be addressed. The transport sector was no exception to the transformation processes and was also significantly impacted by them. Many new technologies for monitoring, control and optimization of the aerial, land and water traffic have been developed and are currently widely used. The paradigms and the leading technologies of the digital transformation, like Big Data, Internet of Things, 5G mobile connectivity, Artificial Intelligence, Information systems and many others have been adapted and integrated in the different transport-related processes and activities. While this transformation resulted in increased income, better traffic management, safer and faster transportation services and reduced workloads for the involved staff, it has also put the transport education sector into a difficult and challenging position – the present-day digital transportation technologies demand the transformation of many traditional educational courses into multidisciplinary IT-oriented subjects. In its own turn, the integration of these new courses requires the purchase and use of specialized equipment and devices, the constant adaptation and improvement of the educational materials and the regular requalification of the teaching staff. In this article, we present and investigate some of the challenges, requirements, opportunities and solutions for the transition of the education in transport into the digital age. The various modern IT-related technologies and solutions in the transport sector are presented, analysed and discussed in details in the manuscript. Last, but not least, we have summarized and discussed the present challenges and requirements for the education processes in the area of the transport education.

Използване на иновационните образователни технологии в обучението по музика

Author(s): Petya Stefanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4s/2023

As it is well known, music education aims to: 1. Teach students to listen to music. 2. To learn to understand the music they listen to. 3. To be able to play music. 4. To be able to compose music - eventually. The paper shows the possibilities of using innovative educational technologies and, in particular, interactive presentation systems at each of these stages. Students of the digital generation are accustomed to accept multimedia information with their interactive devices - phones, tablets, etc. They also expect to receive this kind of information from their teachers, including in music education. The electronic whiteboard makes it possible to create a presentation interactive, multimedia and Internet-connected, thus meeting the expectations of digital students. The first results of the application of the interactive whiteboard in music education are very encouraging and are mainly expressed in a significant increase of the students' attention to the material taught.

Приложение на иновационните технологии в обучението по теория и методика на физическото възпитание и спорта

Author(s): Iskra Ilieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4s/2023

The scientific and applied field of Physical Education and Sports is integrative, and its development is a continuous process. Today, more than ever, new educational approaches related to innovative technologies are being sought and developed to improve the learning process and create new habits and skills characteristic of the technological era in the learners.The application of innovative technologies in the teaching of Theory and Methodology of Physical Education and Sports is expressed in several aspects: programs for calculating results, computer testing, creating own sites for the distribution of experience, visualization for lessons, searching for information on methodical work, research work, project activity, use of interactive whiteboard.The article explores modern approaches to the use of innovative technologies in the field of teaching Theory and Methodology of Physical Education and Sports.

Създаване на интерактивни видеоуроци за преподаване и оценяване знанията на студентите с Edpuzzle

Author(s): Ivelina Petrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4s/2023

The pandemic was of great help in modernizing the classroom. Back to face-to-face classes, the same internet tools used during the emergency remote teaching can still be employed by teachers as students want to learn “in their way” – using the mobile inside the class and having control over their learning. Online video platforms are popular because of their advantages. However, watching a video may be a passive experience and teachers need to customize the video in order to engage their students and teach more effectively. Edpuzzle is one of the free online tools that has turned out to be a game changer. It makes creating and editing educational videos easy and saves class time for higher level matters. Moreover, this tool is good for formative assessment and feedback. The advantage for students is that it allows them to work on the assignment at their own pace and, at the same time, it holds them accountable. Besides, the multiple attempts feature lets them improve their results.My class experience confirmed research results that Edpuzzle could be part of the teacher-training program.

Методи за моделиране при усъвършенстване на управлението на комуникационните и информационни системи

Author(s): Rosen Angelov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

The report examines methods, models and modeling approaches used in improving communications and information systems management.

Използване на безпилотни надводни апарати в морски операции

Author(s): Dimitar Yonchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

The report describes the application areas of unmanned surface vehicles (USVs). It also addresses some of them and the advantages of these unmanned systems.

Военно-пътни работи в зоната на отбранителна операция

Author(s): Danail Petev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

The report reveals the importance of military roads in securing the defence operations. The organization of military road works is presented. The main operational, technical and tactical requirements for military roads in the area of defence operation are revealed. The factors that influence on the stability of the objects of the road network into the defence operation zone are examined.

Методика за измерване на сигурността на информацията в организацията чрез рамката за киберсигурност на критични инфраструктури NIST SP 800-53 на Националния институт по стандарти и технологии

Author(s): Tsvetozar Nikolov,Veselina Aleksandrova,Milena Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2023

The report proposes a methodology based on the National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST SP 800-53 framework. The framework is called the NIST Cyber Security Framework for Critical Infrastructure (CSF) and is applied to measure an organization’s critical infrastructure. The framework is the basis for building an approach for defining information security levels, developing a toolkit and a report for an organization’s security assessment. Standard guidelines and practices are given for taking measures to mitigate threats using the information and recommendations of good practices and international standards.

Стратегически документи за развитието на спорта в България

Author(s): Vasilena Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

“Sport is a growing social and economic phenomenon with a significant contribution to the European Union's (EU) strategic objectives of solidarity and well-being.” This is stated in the White Paper on Sport, created by the European Commission in 2007. The year coincides with Bulgaria's accession as a member state of the Union, which marks a new stage for our country in the management of policies for the development of physical education, sport for excellence, social responsibility and public health, education, social inclusion, etc. In this period, as a result of significant changes in the development of institutions in the field of sport in Bulgaria, as well as changes brought about by external and internal factors, the system of physical education has fallen into a crisis, from which in the following years began to gradually emerge. The practice of sport among children, adolescents and adults is becoming increasingly restricted. Socially disadvantaged people rarely engage in physical activities, the performance of elite athletes in international events brings unsatisfactory results. All this comes as a regularity from the political, economic and social changes in society. This publication traces the institutionalization in the field of sport, which began as early as 1945, when the Department of Physical Culture and Sport was established under the Ministry of Public Health. It traces the development of sport institutions in Bulgaria over the years. It focuses on the period 2012 – 2023, the policy pursued and the strategic documents adopted in the field. Through a comparative analysis of the National Strategy for the Development of Physical Education and Sport in the Republic of Bulgaria 2012 – 2022 and the National Strategy for the Development of Physical Activity, Physical Education, Sport and Sports and Tourism 2023 – 2034, which has been publicly discussed, as well as accompanying documents, the main priorities, problems, objectives and their implementation are analysed.

Влияние на COVID-19 върху структурата на сутрешните телевизионни блокове в България в периода 2020 – 2023 г.

Author(s): Maria Konstantinova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

This report examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the structure of the four main morning blocks in Bulgaria – “The Day Begins” on BNT, “Hello, Bulgaria” on Nova Television, “This Morning” on BTV and “Bulgaria Morning” on Bulgaria ON AIR. The purpose of the report is to track how the content and structure of the four morning television blocks changes due to the impact of the pandemic over a period of two years (from 2020 to 2023). When choosing the methodology for conducting the research, the nature of the set goal is taken into account, adhering to the principles of high ethics and efficiency of quantitative and qualitative indicators and criteria. The results highlight the different methods used to change the structure and content of morning TV blocks in the covid period. In conclusion, it is clear that each of the television stations has taken different ways to deal with the covid crisis without depriving the audience of information on all current topics in our country and around the world. Despite the imposed change of operation, all four morning television blocks retain their structure of topics and guests, all relying on a rotating change of presenters and online conversations via video link.

THE MEDIEVAL POLISH DOCTRINE OF THE LAW OF NATIONS: IUS GENTIUM

Author(s): Stanisław Wielgus / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2022

In attempting to summarize in a few sentences the achievements of the medieval scholars of the Polish school of ius gentium, we must emphasize that by employing the inherited legal and philosophico-theological tradition and intellectual achievements of the University of Kraków, coupling it with their own genius, they manager to create a coherent and universal system of international law. It was a system so modern, wise, tolerant and universal that it was able to be applied not only in solving the painful problem stemming from the lengthy conflict between Poland and the Teutonic Knights but was also used in resolving global problems of the contemporary Christian’s world conflict with the non-Christian one. That legal system, based upon the eternal principles of Divine and natural law, taking account of the Gospel Law of Love and inseparably connecting law with morality and justice with truth, remains valid even today.

Модел на организационните взаимоотношения в център за реакция и управление при инциденти с компютърна сигурност

Author(s): Ivan Hristozov,Veselina Aleksandrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2023

The report presents the possibilities of specialized simulation software for developing a model of a Computer Security Incident Response and Management Centre in the structures related to crisis management and response. Example views of the organizational relationships in such a centre have been developed using simulation software to create the views from the model.