Nationalization of the Russian Army on the Romanian Front in 1917 – 1918

Author(s): Artem Papakin / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2020

At the end of 1917 and the beginning of 1918, the process of the nationalization of army units took place on the Romanian Front of the Russian army. In conditions of army disintegration, in order to keep the front fighting against the Central Powers, the Russian Command planned to create two Ukrainian, two Polish, one Muslim corps, as well as Belarusian, Lithuanian, Moldovan, and Siberian military units. During the nationalization of troops on the Romanian Front, the entire corps and divisions, as well as smaller military units were given over to Ukrainization, Polonization, Muslimization, etc. Based on archival documents, the article identifies the numbers of major military units, smaller units and subdivisions intended for nationalization, and traces the course of nationalization. The causes of failures of the nationalization process were determined, and the fates of the nationalized formations of the Romanian Front were traced.

Диалогични фрагменти върху темата за жертвоприношението

Author(s): Nina Ivanova Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2020

The proposed text deals with some aspects of the topic of sacrifice – a topic in the field of philosophy and sociology of religion, cultural and philosophical anthropology. The Old Testament and New Testament understandings on the issue are compared, emphasizing the importance of the principle of personality as the main dividing line. Kierkegaard's famous position (and that of Lev Shestov who followed him in this respect) on the biblical story with Abraham and Isaac is commented on. The views of the religious philosopher (and concentration camp inmate) Alexander Meyer, whose work on sacrifice (1933) was later published in Paris, are presented.

За акцентуването при сложните съществителни имена в българския език

Author(s): Mirena Patseva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2020

The paper offers an analysis of the accentuation of complex nouns in the Bulgarian language, based on the theory of optimality and the interaction between morphology and phonology. The aim is to outline the tendency for realization of the accent characteristic of the dominant component in the structure, which acts in parallel with metric regularities. Constraints are formulated, expressing basic regularities in the accentuation, such as the orientation of the main stress to the right base and the morphological head. Their ranking in different types of structures is considered. A metric constraint is also introduced, describing the initial position of the secondary stress under certain conditions. The conclusion is substantiated that the additional accent in many cases is lexical and serves for semantic differentiation, and at the same time it also has a metrical manifestation.

В търсене на новите български културни герои в чужбина

Author(s): Kamen Rikev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2020

The paper discusses several major challenges for delivering messages, symbols and cultural heroes representing an attractive image of Bulgaria and Bulgarians abroad. It takes into consideration a divergence between current national promotion strategies and the opportunities in the foreign market. The author suggests that the role of new cultural heroes can be performed by former football players Hristo Stoichkov and Dimitar Berbatov, whose autobiographies have been released in 2018 with immediate plans for publication in Poland. Judging by their commercial success, “The Story” of Stoichkov and Berbatov’s “My Way” reveal an unexpected transformation of notable sportspersons into narrators. Questions, such as the nature of authorship and co-authorship, the linguistic, stylistic and narrative specifics in both books, lead to a typological comparison of the two athletes-turned-writers to previous manifestations of the Bulgarian cultural hero. According to the author, the most persuading argument for the acceptance of Stoichkov and Berbatov as contemporary cultural heroes is the model of the undisputed winner, revealed in their autobiographies. The two editions do not fit into the categories of high Bulgarian culture, however their translation abroad would open up new horizons in search of successful national symbols.

Достъп до качествено приобщаващо образование на деца и ученици със специални образователни потребности

Author(s): Zhana Yankova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 9/2020

The article presents the access of children and students with special educational needs to schools and kindergartens, inclusive education with equal access and conditions for inclusion of all children and students in the learning process. Some of the emphasis in the article includes components that provide an accessible architectural and physical environment, accessibility of information and communication, access to curricula and course content, teaching aids and technologies. Results from research conducted with directors of schools and kindergartens in 5 municipalities: Stara Zagora, Pazardjik, Haskovo, Kurdjali, Smolian. One third of the participants report positive – that there such accessible environment in the schools and kindergartens is established and functioning.

Технология формирования гипертекстовой компетенции в контексте обучения иностранным языкам в ВУЗе

Author(s): Natalia Severova,Dana Bartosh,Maria Kharlamova,Elena Stoyanova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2020

The article is devoted to the problem of developing students’ skills and abilities to work with hypertext as the main information unit in the information society. The purpose of this article is to substantiate the need for targeted training of students to work with hypertext in the target language and to develop a technology for the formation of hypertext competence in the context of teaching foreign languages. The basis for identifying the specifics of hypertext and determining the constituent components of hypertext competence was the reliance on systemic and typological approaches using methods: analysis, synthesis, comparison and generalization. Theoretical and methodological analysis of domestic and foreign scientific literature in combination with empirical methods (observation, questioning) made it possible to substantiate the need to develop students’ skills and abilities to work with hypertext, to study the experience of students with texts of this type and to develop a technology for the formation of hypertext competence. In order to test the hypothesis put forward and the effectiveness of the developed technology for the formation of hypertext competence in teaching a foreign language, experimental training was carried out. In the course of the study, the specifics of hypertext were determined from the point of view of linguistics and linguodidactics, and the components of hypertext competence were identified. Based on the experience of students working with hypertext, difficulties were identified and the main tasks of targeted training in working with these texts were identified, the result of which is the formation of hypertext competence. Hypertext is a modern informational phenomenon, the ability to work with which is becoming key today both in the professional and everyday spheres. Possession of hypertext competence allows you to rationally use external sources to obtain additional information, design an individual information space and thus contribute to the creation of your own educational trajectory. The developed technology for the formation of hypertext competence involves phase-by phase training in working with hypertext. This technology relies on the experience of working with “traditional” text, but taking into account the specifics of hypertext, and focuses on mastering a new strategy for working with information.

Influence of Spoken Language and the Role of Syntactic Repetitions on the Creation of Typical Syntactic Constructions in Ilyas Afandiyev‘s Dramas

Author(s): Flora Namazova / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2020

The article is devoted to additional constructions in Ilyas Afandiyev’s drama. The purpose of the article is to explain the typical syntactic constructs of the spoken language, to analyze syntagma, types of constructions, models of incomplete sentences, sentences with additions, synonymous syntactic constructions, syntactic repetitions, types of internal repetitions, structure of repetitions in I. Afandiyev’s drama. There is a system of repeats in the language of I. Afandiyev’s dramatic works. The analysis was based on the study of the sources related to the subject, the analysis of the results obtained, the analysis and synthesis of the arguments, and also the content analysis method.

Документални свидетелства за годината на раждане на Васил Левски

Author(s): Grigor Boykov,Plamen Mitev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

Bulgarian historiography did not find to date a documentary source based evidence that firmly establishes 6 July 1837 as the birth date of Vasil Levski. Therefore, other hypotheses placing the birth of Levski in 1846 or 1843 have lately been put forward. The present article examines data from the population registers of Karlovo, kept in the Ottoman archives in Istanbul, and argues that 1840 is Vasil Levski’s most probable birth date.

Свищовските търговци предприемачи през Възраждането: опит за просопографски портрет

Author(s): Ivaylo Naydenov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

The aim of the text is to create a prosopographical portrait of the merchant-entrepreneurs from the Danubian town of Svishtov during the Bulgarian National Revival period. I will shed light on merchants’ family background, education, individual qualities, etc. Most of the merchants were born in Svishtov. On the other hand, there are persons who fled from their native places and settled down in Svishtov. Some of them chose to settle in Svishtov in order to find better prospects for professional realization and peaceful life. Often these people are not highly educated, although there are some exceptions. Despite the lack of high and/or specialized education, they compensate with their individual qualities such as natural intelligence, resourcefulness, diligence, perseverance and honesty. They used “strategic marriages” to preserve, and to extend their wealth. They created entrepreneurial networks through which exchanged information with their relatives, acquaintances and friends. They used commercial and personal letters. Some of them were fluent in foreign languages. They used different kinds of commercial ledgers. They managed to benefit from the advantages brought to them by the economic situation in the 18th and 19th centuries. All of them participate, according to their abilities, in the public life of their native Svishtov.

Държавата и временно работещите в Либия българи през 70-те години на ХХ век

Author(s): Nadya Filipova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

The publication examines the policy of the Bulgarian state towards the Bulgarian specialists working in Libya and the reactions of the employees to the regulatory norms and circumstances. The increase in the number of Bulgarians aspiring to work in Libya is analyzed in the context of the legal and socio-economic conditions in Bulgaria, the contract clauses for hiring, and their application in practice in addition to the growing needs and possibilities of the Libyan state to hire qualified personnel. The forms of control of the Bulgarian state towards the Bulgarians working abroad, and the attempts to protect their interests, and to create propitious living environment are studied. The behavior of Bulgarians in Libya is presented in the context of the general conditions for residence and work in Libya. The research is based on archival sources of the Ministries of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade of Bulgaria for the Cold War period and on an unprocessed file of the Bulgarian Communist Party archive.

Към читателя

Author(s): Hristo Beloev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

Metaphysics of Reality: Pragmatico-Analytic Interpretation of Wittgenstein's Philosophical Approach

Author(s): Andrii Synytsia / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

The article examines Ludwig Wittgenstein’s views on the world and human beings in it. It is emphasized that the philosopher, in addition to paying a lot of attention to the study of language, which determined the basis of his method of cognition, followed a number of worldview ideas about reality. They were supported by the achievements of physics of that time, although Wittgenstein himself argued that the study of reality is not possible without understanding the metaphysical issues concerning the unspeakable, supernatural, spiritual, and so on. It shows how Wittgenstein interpreted the world and reality, distinguished between different levels of being, studied logical atoms, not laws, analyzed facts, not things, comprehended not only the macrocosm but also the microcosm, and as a result built a pragmatic ontological-cosmological conception, in which human and the way of their being in the world occupied a significant place.

Творчеството на Георги Караславов по време на комунистическия режим. Пътят от реализма към социалистическата конюнктура

Author(s): Antoaneta Alipieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

The article traces the path of one of the great Bulgarian fiction writers, established between the two world wars. An author with strongly leftist convictions, Georgi Karaslavov became a figure of power in the second half of the 20th century, which determined the pathos of his work, which appeared within the regime. It actively participates in the formation of the communist mythology, in the display of fetishes and values, which are an outright falsification not only of the historical facts, but also of the left ideology, which is very popular in the interwar Bulgarian period.

За деня на раждане на Васил Левски

Author(s): Vidin Sukarev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

The article concerns the recently published study by Plamen Mitev and Grigor Boykov about the year of birth of the Bulgarian national hero Vasil Levski. The authors firmly established 1840 instead of hitherto accepted 1837. The new evidences about the birth year of Levski require also a revision of the birth day. The article proposes that the Apostle of Freedom was born on 9/21 of July 1840.

Нови данни за дюлгерите, работили в Копривщица през XIX век

Author(s): Svetlana Muhova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

The article introduce poorly researched or completely unknown documents, revealing many unknown data about the builders of public buildings in Koprivshtitsa in the period 1817 – 1858. The obscurity of the information contained in this rich source material, creates a great void in our knowledge and sometimes leads to repeated inaccurate or unreliable information, based on uncertain memoirs. The article present the data from the documents containing the names of the people who created wonderful examples of the Bulgarian Revival architecture in Koprivshtitsa in the XIX century.

Предпочитан начин на управление и комуникационни характеристики на роботите асистенти в зависимост от индивидуалните нужди на потребителите

Author(s): Margarita Bakracheva,Nayden Chivarov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

In the article are outlined the results of a project aimed to describe the use of robot assistants in the light of improving the quality of life in the context of an aging population and increased percentage of people with disabilities in Europe. This shifts the focus to uniting and integrating the efforts of different sciences in search for adequate operating measures and stressing on what people with specific difficulties can, but not on what they cannot do, and maintenance of the autonomy of seniors living alone. The preferences regarding the assistant robot’s control, appearance, functions, and voice, people with disabilities and seniors living alone have, are described. Two groups of users’ preferences are identified - universal and specific, which is a valuable guidance for optimal consideration of the general and subjective characteristics and needs.

Опыт преподавания устного перевода магистрантам-лингвистам в режиме дистанционного обучения

Author(s): Irina Tivyaeva,Albina Vodyanitskaya / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2021

The goal of the paper is an attempt to offer a systematic description of the authors’ experience in distance teaching of a consecutive and simultaneous interpreting course to graduate students of linguistics within the concept of transitioning to online instruction. The paper provides a review of distance interpreting programs available online and focuses on a particular case of adjusting an on-campus course in consecutive and simultaneous interpreting to online instruction. Preliminary results highlight technical and didactic specifics of teaching an online course in consecutive and simultaneous interpreting and make prominent pros and cons of online student teamwork. Drawing from the case study, the authors discuss possible solutions for online interpreter training.

Mетодът „Глобални симулации” при преподаване на испански в сферата на ихтиологията

Author(s): Mihal Pavlov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

The purpose of this article is to present the contemporary application of global simulations in the teaching of specialized Spanish in the field of ichthyology. The methods of linguodidactic archeology and linguodidactological analysis are used. The perspectives and concrete results of the application of the “Global Simulations” method in teaching ichthyological terminology to Bulgarian students studying Spanish are studied. The different phases of the application of this method are presented and conclusions are made about its effectiveness in the conditions of the Bulgarian educational system.

Diachronic Analysis and Deictic Means of French Benevolences and Curses

Author(s): Nargiz Seidova / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

Benevolences and curses, integral and authentic part of the discourse, most clearly reflect the culture of people. The use of these expressions in the communication space of different languages indicates the need for their study from the standpoint of linguistics, folklore, stylistics, rhetoric, psychology, cultural studies and other sciences. This article provides diachronic analysis and examines the deictic means of French benevolences and curses in the French language. The material for the study was the texts of the Bible, French epic poems, medieval legends, ballads, tales, and fiction. When considering this topic, the author used both general and special scientific methods and techniques: a historical-etymological method, a descriptive method that includes methods for observing, comparing, interpreting and classifying the material being studied; semantic identification method; distribution method. Comparing the medieval French discourse with the modern French language, the author examined the grammatical and semantic evolution, which underwent benevolences and curses.

Обучението по словашки език в Италия в контекста на словашко-италианските културни взаимоотношения

Author(s): Dagmar Kročanová / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

The initial part of the paper describes the history of Slovak language and culture teaching in Italy, namely, Slovak lectorates at University of Naples L´Orientale, University of Rome Sapienza, and University of Bologna in Forlì. The central part of the paper discusses the foundation, development and activities of the most recent lectorate, founded in 2006, and currently affiliated with the Department of Interpreting and Translating at University of Bologna in Forlì. The paper mentions the circumstances related to the foundation of the lectorate, especially the message of Alexander Dubček (1921 – 1992) upon whom University of Bologna conferred the honorary doctorate in 1988. The paper discusses various activities of the lectorate (language teaching, research and publishing, promoting Slovakia and Slovak culture). It mentions the collaboration with Slovak and Italian institutions, including the Embassy of Slovak Republic in Rome, Slovak Institute in Rome and Honorary Consulate of Slovak Republic in Forlì. The final part of the paper mentions the current situation and perspectives of Slovak studies in Italy.