We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
Language is a means of transferring information, and the ability to communicate has a fundamental meaning to every human being. Loss of the ability or deterioration of communication in people with Broca’s aphasia affects their psychosocial functioning. The aim of this research was to obtain information on the subjective evaluation of the quality of communication of people with this type of aphasia. A group of 22 patients with Broca’s aphasia caused by ischemic stroke was included in the study. A diagnostic survey method was used, along with own study questionnaire research tool (Communication Quality Assessment Questionnaire). Socio-demographic data of the patients was recorded. The results of the study showed that almost all patients with Broca’s aphasia negatively assess their own communication capabilities and also feel they are negatively perceived by their surroundings because of their communication difficulties. Dissatisfaction with the quality of the communication prevents the subjects from maintaining satisfactory contacts with other people.
More...
The article contains the results of research conducted with primary school third graders. Story endings with a financial thread have been qualitatively analyzed. The analysis of the written endings of the story has allowed for the selection of description categories (ways of obtaining money) that make up the final result space of the study. The description categories enabled the creation of two fields of the result space called “short (easy) road” and “long (difficult) road.” Each field of the result space has been assigned corresponding description categories saturated with examples of students’ written statements. Revealed ways of obtaining money to buy the desired item are treated, on the one hand, as the reflection of the children’s generalized colloquial knowledge about money and, on the other hand, as manifestations of their entrepreneurship.
More...
FOMO – the anxiety that we will miss out on something – is a new social problem related to the destructive use of new media. FOMO aroused researchers’ interest with the development of the Internet and social networking sites. Indeed, it can be considered as one of the aspects of Internet addiction. People experiencing FOMO want to be up to date and, at the same time, experience anxiety about 1) activities in which their friends participate, 2) information their friends know before they do 3) the purchases of their friends. FOMO can lead to the impression that we are missing out on various satisfying events that others are experiencing. This type of anxiety correlates with low self-esteem, feelings of sadness, envy, symptoms of depression and anxiety, and it worsens concentration and memory, which can have negative consequences for education. FOMO also worsens sleep and can reinforce dangerous driving habits. Research conducted on a sample of 500 Internet users from Poland indicates that 17.6% of the respondents have a strong indications of FOMO and that it is slightly more intense in respondents under the age of 35 and in women. FOMO symptoms correlate with personality traits and the frequency of unlocking the phone and checking social media on the phone and computer. The article also presents potential solutions to the FOMO problem that can be used in prevention carried out by educators and psychologists. The groups that should be covered by psycho-prevention are youth and young adults.
More...
The subject of the article is the analysis of the state of contemporary research on small children of preschool age, which has been conducted in social sciences. I point out the key subjects and research problems in preschool pedagogy as well as the sources and latest research results in the quantitative and qualitative paradigm. The paper encourages interdisciplinary research on small children in order to update the state of knowledge about the acceleration of their development.
More...
The purpose of this article is to look at the teacher’s cooperation with parents as an important aspect of the skills and tools used by teachers from the perspective of practical activities. The basis for these considerations is the results of conducted research, including analysis of existing data resulting from the external evaluation carried out in the course of two school years (2017/2018 and 2018/2019) regarding the “Parents are kindergarten partners” requirement. In addition, plans for cooperation with parents for the 2019/2020 school year and the results of the NIK audit regarding cooperation of schools with parents in terms of the implementation of educational tasks were analyzed. Practical guidelines are important to help teachers build proper relationships, and thus provide the basis for good cooperation with parents.
More...
The article deals with the problem of nutritional education of the youngest. It points out the need to carry out specific actions in the field of education aimed at raising awareness, shaping skills and attitudes, to ensure proper nutrition choices. Individual, social and cultural factors influencing the issues related to food choices are indicated. In order to show the diverse nature of these conditions, an analysis of children’s experiences related to food was made. The aim of the research was to answer the question of what importance children give to basic categories related to food and nutrition. It was important to recognize what kind of food appears in the statements of the respondents and in what contexts children situate their statements. The subject of the research were the statements of 20 six-year-old children. The context of the study included the individual (personal) and social perspective of the child’s experience. The research method was content analysis. The analysis shows that food has an important place in the child’s life. What draws attention is the specificity of the perception of food and space related to nutrition by the respondents, the wealth of uses of food products and the variety of contexts in which they appear. Against the background of the conducted analyses, attention was drawn to the issue of nutrition literacy (food literacy). The objectives and tasks of nutrition and food education were distinguished. The needs and challenges of nutritional education were pointed out, as well as the need to conduct such education from an early age.
More...
School start is an important moment not only for the child but also for their parents. They need to make sure that their child’s basic needs are met in the institution where they would be placed and that all activities would be carried out in consideration of the child’s abilities. The article presents the results of research which aimed to identify the concerns of parents of six and seven-year-old children starting school and to determine the relationship between the occurrence of these concerns and parents’ acceptance or rejection of the assumptions of the reform lowering the compulsory school age (expressed by their decision to send a child to school at the age of six or seven). The experience of the Polish educational system and the reforms it has introduced have shown that if parents do not accept the changes and see them as positive for their children, they are able to block them effectively.
More...
Parents involved in their child’s distance education process during the COVID-19 pandemic situation reflected on their acquired experiences and described them for this study. A qualitative analysis of 169 statements of respondents showed their critical attitude towards the way distance teaching is being implemented. Parents point out the inconveniences they face during their everyday help in their children’s learning process and organising family life. They assess the quality of remote teaching, highlighting its advantages and shortcomings. Respondents assess the teachers’ work thoroughly, appreciating their efforts but also pointing out deficiencies in their commitment and didactic skills. They emphasise the advantages of online teaching.
More...
The article is devoted to teacher cognition of students at a younger school age. It refers to indirect cognition, which can be located between scientific and clinical cognition. It is characterized by the stages from initial cognition through symptomatic and causal cognition to the synthetic one. It also presents the factors that hamper teachers’ cognition. The article likewise presents the results of research conducted among a group of early childhood education teachers and their students. The research refers to teacher cognition in several areas: students’ attitude to learning, their participation in lessons, individual perception skills, perception skills in relation to the peer group, as well as students’ attitudes towards tasks, and their social behaviour. The image of teacher cognition that emerges from the conducted analyses indicates high compatibility of assessment results in relation to very good students, and high incompatibility of assessment results in relation to students with learning difficulties and special educational needs. Such a diversity may indicate the absence of temporary and substantial modification of the preliminary data and the lack of progression of teacher cognition – its blockage at the stage of symptomatic cognition and the “labelling” of students.
More...
As systematically published statistical data show, 67% of students with special educational needs attend public and integrated schools in Poland. This means that every – or close to every – teacher meets in their professional career students with diverse development conditions or learning disabilities that create special educational needs. For the effective organization of the education process of these students, it is crucial not only to gain knowledge about the characteristics of the students themselves, but also about the environment of their upbringing, as well as interactions between the basic microsystems in which the students are “nested.” This article presents the results of in-depth ethnographic interviews conducted with twelve teachers, the purpose of which was to gain insight into what knowledge about the development and functioning of specific students with special educational needs is declared by the surveyed pedagogues. As the basic theoretical framework, I used Urie Bronfenbrenner’s theory of bioecological human development, which captures human development in concentrically arranged systems: the micro-, meso-, exo-, macro- and chronosystem. In this article, I presented data on the teachers’ declared knowledge from the micro- and mesosystemic perspective. The results of the conducted research indicate that the surveyed teachers often have incomplete and sometimes even incorrect knowledge about their students with special educational needs, use similar methods of supporting students despite their diverse needs, and regularly leave most of the support activities for support teachers, seeing their own roles primarily as leading teachers.
More...
The Behavior Assessment Battery (BAB) for Children Who Stutter is a self-report test investigating the affective, behavioral and cognitive correlates of stuttering. Its subtests gauge a school-age child who stutters’ (CWS) level of anxiety and speech disruption in particular speech situations (SSC-ER: Speech Situation Checklist – Emotional Reaction and SSC-SD: Speech Situation Checklist – Speech Disruption), the use of coping behaviors (BCL: Behavior Checklist) and how a child thinks about his/her speech (CAT: Communication Attitude Test). Cross-cultural research with the BAB has pointed to its usefulness as a differential diagnostic tool and that the tests’ items lead to treatment targets. This type of multidimensional assessment instrument for children who stutter was previously unavailable in Poland, but its publication is now underway. This article presents the results of normative and psychometric testing related to the adaptation of the Polish version of the BAB.
More...
In the case of visual impairment, compensatory activities are focused on early intervention and diagnosis combined with a programme for the development of visual skills, especially in public schools, where importance is attached to educational success and the development of individual personality traits, as well as adapting the support, rehabilitation and education programme to the person with special educational needs. The challenges of cooperation with a visually impaired student are related to the equaling of educational opportunities, combining theoretical content with practical action, searching for programmes, the use of technology and communication (TiK), and working with the child’s resources. Vision impairments affect school difficulties in the cognitive, social, emotional, volitional and physical field. The unadjusted refractive defect (especially hyperopia) and weakened binocular vision contribute to creating an individual model of working with the child with visual impairment. The presented case study shows supporting and therapeutic actions, with emphasis on the use of solution-oriented therapy.
More...
Proper implementation of ECDS is crucial for the future school career of children with developmental disabilities. Effective implementation of tasks by specialists and the proper preparation of parents to support the child in overcoming difficulties and barriers are invaluable. The article presents the results of research on the effectiveness of ECDS in the opinion of parents of children receiving this form of assistance. It also presents the views and experiences of parents associated with ECDS and the benefits arising from these activities.
More...
The article outlines in a synthetic way the idea of the creative school. Its understanding is presented in the context of some of the pedagogical concepts from the 1930s as well as contemporary approaches in Polish and world pedagogy. The features of a school supporting the creativity of students and teachers are highlighted. The concept of building a culture of creativity in school is presented, included in a discussion of the philosophy of change and development of the school as a learning organization. The dialogical nature of activities undertaken in the educational environment by ethically engaged participants of educational processes is emphasized as well as the role of the teacher as an authorized creator of the culture of creativity, who reflects on his/her professional activity, perceives the school as a place for students’ development and realization of their own potential, and appreciates the thinking and creative actions of students and colleagues. The article also indicates the specific features of a culture conducive to creativity in school, enabling the learning of creativity and creative learning, as well as shaping creative life orientations of students and teachers.
More...
The article presents the assumptions and results of a natural pedagogical quasi-experiment which was carried out with children in grades 1–3 of primary school. The aim of the transverse research was to present a method that was to arouse the interest of the children in graphics and its means of artistic expression (line, blotch, black and white). The experimental factor was using the method of didactic play of a creative nature which consisted of an illustrative story developed by the author entitled “Black and White” and the content of the poem “Black Line.” The final stage of the experiment was the children’s work in the graphic technique of linocut. A quantitative analysis of the test results obtained by individual groups of children from grades 1, 2 and 3 (percentage distribution of the obtained test results in the experimental and control groups) was performed. The obtained results confirmed the assumptions and hypothesis of the research because the introduction of the creative play incited children’s interest in graphics. On the other hand, in grade 3, the children from the experimental group obtained a slightly (by 2%) lower result than the control group. This may indicate the need to change the method of art education for children in this age group and the beginning of a crisis in the development of their artistic creativity.
More...
The article presents theoretical considerations and empirical analyses – based on research conducted among 5–6-year-old preschool children and pupils of early school education (Grades 1–3 of elementary school) – dealing with the issue of the difficult task of illustrating movement in drawings by children. The analysis of 1,471 drawings proved that the children examined by the author generally created pictures which lack in dynamics (51.3%). However, they occasionally undertake to express motion, their attempts being more or less successful. They most frequently do this through drawing bent limbs, different placements of the body, sometimes by application of different sizes of silhouettes or may suggest movement by the use of an arrow, stroke or a streak meant to stress the dynamic character of the situation. Among the less frequently used means, there are representation of a figure in profile, from the side and by bending the trunk of the human body. The research proved also that the sex is a factor which varies the skill of expressing movement in drawings – girls, generally, coping with the task with more expertise than boys. The comparison between the skill of illustrating motion typical of contemporary children and that reported on by researchers in the past points to the fact that today’s children more often undertake to illustrate motion in their pictures than their counterparts examined, for instance, by Stefan Szuman or Bolesław Hornowski about 90 and 50 years ago, respectively. On the whole, technical difficulties do not pose a serious problem for a child attempting self-expression through drawing – he or she will find a way to somehow illustrate movement.
More...
Poetry stimulates the development of cognitive processes and significantly affects the emotional development of the small child. The analysis and interpretation of poetry plays an important role in mastering a language, shaping and developing memory, and developing the child’s creative imagination. Nowadays, it seems necessary to reach for highly artistic poetry with a deep poetic message. Such are the poems of Wisława Szymborska who practises a kind of poetic pedagogy and play on words. The recipients of Szymborska’s poetry were five-year-old children, for whom the poems became an object of “great fun” and aesthetic satisfaction. The author of the article has been conducting classes with children based on highly artistic literary texts by Wisława Szymborska, Czesław Miłosz, Zbigniew Herbert, and Joanna Kulmowa for many years. According to the author, the small child needs unconventional experiences and sensations, philosophical and libertarian impulses – such as those provided by Szymborska’s poetry. “Only poetic language can interest a young Facebook user of today” – said Caroll Ann Duffy, Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom, in 2009. This article is a contribution to the reflection on the role of poetry in the context of early education.
More...
The article discusses the issue of intersemiotic translation in Polish language education at the university level. It is an important issue both from the theoretical and practical point of view, because the knowledge of innovative methods and different ways of interpreting literary texts is an extremely important problem, present in Polish language education at school and university, especially among students of pedagogical faculties. The article describes the implementation of the project carried out during university classes in the basics and methodology of Polish language education in classes I–III, addressed to students of pedagogical faculties – future early school education teachers. The first part of the study presents the described method in terms of various theoreticians and researchers of literature. The second part of the study presents various forms of work with literary texts, carried out with the method of intersemiotic translation by students of early school education as part of university classes. The project took into account the realization of the academic program and at the same time developed the creativity of future teachers of early school education. Various forms of exercises using the intersemiotic translation method introduced during the classes proved how much future teachers need new inspirations in order not to get stuck in schemes and routines that may have a negative impact on the educational process. The described forms of the intersemiotic translation method may become a strategy of didactic conduct that fosters creativity, imagination and sensitivity and encourages future teachers of early school education to take up various forms of activity that will make their lessons more attractive. Keywords: intersemiotic translation, Polish language education, early school student, educational project, academic activities
More...
The study presents a reconstructed picture of the functioning of the theater for children and the problem of compulsory school reading. It focuses on the years 1944–1953 in the People’s Poland, including the interwar years, which was a time of violent ideological transformations on the territory of Poland. As a result of the tightening of the Stalinist regime, there was a radical change in the selection of the content of readings recommended for school libraries, intended for pupils in the first grades of primary school. The new canon of books covered mostly Soviet literature. In the discussed period, similar content dominated theatrical performances for children. The form of presentation – both in book illustration and stage design – was subordinated to the rigor of socialist realism in visual arts. It should be noted, however, that this form was sometimes enriched with stylistic features taken from Polish folk art. In the discussed period, a specific synergy of the form of book illustration and stage design for young viewers began to be emphasized, for example, by personal connections between artists involved in various art disciplines for children.
More...