Projekt badawczy (ETNO)EUROJOS a program etnolingwistyki kognitywnej

Author(s): Stanisława Niebrzegowska-Bartmińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 25/2013

An observation is made that the linguistic worldview is grounded in values, which play a decisive role in the shaping of a given community’s (collective) identity. Therefore, it is postulated that the folk Slavic axiological system (the world of values cherished in folk Slavic traditions) be investigated. The project called (ETHNO)EUROJOS – parallel to EUROJOS, an international research programme headed by Jerzy Bartmiński and based on standard language varieties and “national” traditions – would thus be concerned with the values common to Slavic folk cultures. It has been shown that Slavic nations are much closer to one another at the level of folk cultures than at the level of national, elite-shaped cultures. A survey among distinguished researchers in various Slavic traditions reveals that the values important for Slavs are: health and life, family and kinship, home, land, work and diligence, love, beauty, happiness, wisdom, frankness, integrity, faithfulness, justice, freedom, honour, faith (religion) and God. A description of these values could follow the methodological assumptions of the Lublin Dictionary of Folk Stereotypes and Symbols.

Естетика Італійського ренесансу в жіночій аристократичній зачісці

Author(s): Oksana Anatoliyivna Minenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 41/2018

The purpose of the article is to determine the influence of the aesthetic ideals of the Italian Renaissance on the formation and stylistic diversity of aristocratic women's hairstyles. The methodology of the study consists of the principles of objectivity, historicism, multifactor, systemicity, complexity, and pluralism; and to achieve the goal methods used: problem chronological, concrete-historical, statistical, descriptive, logical-analytical. Scientific novelty. An art-study analysis of the formation of the style of women's aristocratic hairstyles in Italy in the fourteenth and eighteenth centuries was conducted in the context of Renaissance aesthetics, based on the study of rare sources and archival materials; The role of well-known Italian aristocrats, legislators of the Isabella and Beatrice d'Este, Bianchi Maria Sforza, Batista Sforza, Maddaleni Doni, Eleonora of Toledo, Lucia Albani Avogadro, and others are researched in the process of creating and promoting new styles of women's hairstyles. Conclusions. Based on the study of the specifics of the creation and finishing of aristocratic female hairstyles of the Italian Renaissance, it has been proved that their stylistic and formative features are one aspect of the modification of the human body in accordance with the humanistic views and aesthetic ideals of the Renaissance; It was found that a female hairstyle in the fourteenth and eighteenth centuries was a symbol of individual and group identity.

Рокерската субкултура в малкия град

Author(s): Zlatina Bogdanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2019

The paper presents a review of the rocker subculture in Bulgaria, describing and interpreting its elements from the perspective of subcultural studies. The research is focused on the development of a local subculture in the context of a small town(Asenovgrad), where an influential community of rockers has been formed since the mid-1990s. Starting with the premise that the youth subculture is both a supranational and local phenomenon, the local subcultural identity of rockers is reviewed and analyzed in reference to their narratives, practices, club membership rules and ethics. The museum of the rockers in Asenovgrad “The people with bikes“ (2011 – 2017)is considered as a special case of the public representation of the subculture through artefacts and settings symbolic of the ideas behind the rockers’ world brotherhood.

Клуб LAZARUS: идентичност и динамика в групата

Author(s): Elena Petkova-Antonova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2019

Fans and their (sub)culture represent significant research field since the 1990s. This article presents the results of an ethnographic study of the Horror Writers ClubLAZARUS, conducted in Sofia. The club is an example of a fandom, united by specific fan practices and making its own fans and followers. The study presents the context of the club culture and style through the eyes of the club participants, thus widening the scope of fandom research in Bulgaria. The main research questions are related to the group dynamics and identity of the club.

Субкултурата на бегачите на дълги разстояния

Author(s): Boryana Angelova-Igova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2019

Ultramarathons are very popular among active citizens in Bulgaria, and this popularity cannot be understood as just fashion. I believe that there is a deeper social cause behind this phenomenon, namely the presence of a subculture. The present study aims to describe the significance of this subculture, and how it is functioning in Bulgaria in the XXI century. Of particular interest is the way in which the subculture occurs, the values and worldviews of the participants as well as their class belonging. This subculture is a micromodel in which we can see more clearly social changes and attitudes in the dominant culture. I have paid special attention to gender relations within the group, with the idea of finding out whether it exhibits the same sexist attitudes toward women that are observed in the dominant culture of contemporaryBulgaria.

On the Way North and Finding a Home

Author(s): Mila Maeva / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

The article discusses the migratory movements from Bulgaria towards Norway, based on a field ethnographic research. The journey to the north and the accommodation in an almost unknown and cold country are analysed on the basis of oral history methods. The personal stories of the Bulgarian migrants present their view of the journey, their notions of Norway and the settling in afresh as a personal experience in the context of the complex migratory situation there. The specifics of the Bulgarian settlement in Norway predetermine the manner in which home and journey are perceived. The successful and relatively rapid advancement, the high living standard, the social model and the ability to quickly unite separated families, transform the migration north from a plain movement into a stationary lifestyle. For the Bulgarians, the newly established home in Norway acquires different aspects – it is the centre of the family, of comfort and security. For those immigrants the journey north also involves certain return to the ‘native Bulgarian’ expressed through the creation of a ‘Bulgarian Home’ via different immigrant institutions and organizations. The new transnational and cross-cultural home of the Bulgarians in Norway is becoming their ‘zone of comfort’.

Gypsies and the Emigrations of the ‘Bulgarian Turks’ (1948–1989)

Author(s): Plamena Stoyanova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

“The Gypsies are our own, domestic problem” is a phrase attributed to the long-term former head of the old communist Bulgarian government, Todor Zhivkov. The government policy towards the Gypsy minority in communist Bulgaria is one of inclusion to the Bulgarian way of life, and its implementation is carefully tailored to the specificities of Bulgaria as a country. It is a little known fact that towards the end of the 40s, the Bulgarian Gypsies suddenly turn from a ‘domestic problem’ to something much larger and thus become part of the great confrontation between the two world political camps divided by the Iron Curtain. This takes place during the migration of the ethnic Turks which starts in 1948, and during which, applications for emigration are filed by both Bulgarian Turks and Muslim Bulgarian Gypsies. This latter ethnic minority becomes the cause for serious conflict between ‘communist Bulgaria’ and ‘capitalist Turkey’. This paper aims at following the events from the end of the 1940s to the end of the 1980s, as well as at analysing the consequences of the confrontation between the two neighbouring Balkan countries.

The Tobacco City: The Discourse on Industrial Heritage

Author(s): Lina Gergova,Yana Gergova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

Tobacco City is a case which has attracted significant public attention; at the same time, it is also an example, which combines various discourses. In order to identify what distinguishes this case of industrial heritage from others, this article examines three examples, which in their geographical and historical aspects are appropriate for comparative research regarding the issues at hand. They are commensurable in reference to their size and the significance of their location for cultural and industrial traditions, as well as in the relative date of their establishment and their geographical and economic representativeness. The research questions that the study attempts to answer are analytical as well as completely practical, reflecting real management and political decisions. From an anthropological point of view, there are two problems; first, the correlation among various aspects of the project such as the site’s pore functionalization; the goal of reviving the space; attracting investments and the public; and updating the site’s use and access; and, secondly, the narrative, which the very space presupposes as heritage and the extent to which it should be preserved.

The Public Baths as a Factor in Local Identity Construction, 20th–Early 21st Century (The Case of Gorna Banya Quarter in Sofia)

Author(s): Stamen Kanev / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

This article is part of ethnological research on the role and function of the public baths in the urban space. Fieldwork was done in 2017 in the Gorna Banya quarter of Sofia. In this publication, the public baths are seen as one of the markers that construct local identity. At the beginning of the 20th century, the old Ottoman baths in the centre of Gorna Banya are destroyed and new ones are built, which are preserved to the present day. The baths are part of the everyday life of the local people, who use their resources for drinking, cooking, washing, but also for trade and medicinal purposes. Furthermore, the inhabitants continue to observe some traditional family and calendar customs around the public baths. Although the baths are closed, the square in front of them continues to playa central role in public life. This is evident, on the one hand, from the annual celebrations, and on the other hand, from the gatherings in front of the public baths summoned via Facebook. The public baths continue to be a central place around which life in the quarter is organized. The local authorities are looking for different ways to fund the restoration of the old building.

Veneta Yankova. Bulgarians in Hungary: Cultural Memory and Heritage. Budapest: Bulgarian Republican Self-Government, 2014

Author(s): Mila Maeva / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

Petko Hristov, Anelia Kassabova, Evgenia Troeva, Dagnoslav Demski (Eds.). Contextualizing Changes: Migrations, Shifting Borders and New Identities in Eastern Europe. Sofia: Paradigma, 2015

Author(s): Stanoy Stanoev / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

Mila Maeva. Bulgarian Emigrants in England – Past and Present. Sofia: Paradigma Publishing House, 2017

Author(s): Anelia Kassabova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2019

90 години Старозагорска опера и 70 години от одържавяването й

Author(s): Emiliya Zhunich / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2016

90 years ago a group of enthusiasts form an opera ensemble, as it occurs in many other localities. And if after one or two titles everything finishes mainly because of lack of funding, exactly in that consists the heroism of citizens of Stara Zagora: the only amateur ensemble which exists 21 years long, and after that it is nationalized in 1946. The nationalization is a kind of recognition but this leads to shocks. In 1967 lays the beginnings of the annually organized Festival of the Opera and Ballet Arts – a mirror of the achievements in the area of music and performing arts. Because of a conflagration end of 1991 the ensemble left homeless. In 2015 the State Operа Stara Zagora celebrates its 90th anniversary, and on the 1st of April 2016 it is 70 years since its nationalization.

Survival Strategies of the Roma Deportees to Transnistria

Author(s): Petre Matei / Language(s): English Issue: 12/2019

The experiences the Roma underwent during World War II were not only complex, but alsoas diverse as can be. In order to fully grasp this complexity, one must understand thelegislative framework, bureaucratic practices, their impact on the Roma, as well as the waysin which the Roma themselves tried to cope with these measures. Oftentimes, the criteriato identify the “undesirable” Roma were very vague and subjective, leaving a lot of leewayto the local authorities and allowing them to act outside a controllable legal framework.The same formal criteria used by the authorities to deport the Roma were later used by theRoma to prove that their deportations were abusive and that the deportees deserved to berepatriated. Interestingly, those who had the best chances of survival were not, in fact, thosewho only used the legal measures available to them, but rather those who fled Transnistriaillegally. Once they arrived back home, they could use the loopholes of a complicated legaland bureaucratic system to get help and, eventually, to save themselves.

Vecini în vremuri de restriște. Stat, antisemitism și Holocaust în Basarabia și Bucovina (Diana Dumitru)

Author(s): Nicolae Drăguşin / Language(s): English Issue: 12/2019

МОТИВЪТ „НЕВЕСТА ЦЕЛУВА РЪКА“ В КАРТИНИТЕ НА ВЛАДИМИР ДИМИТРОВ-МАЙСТОРА

Author(s): Lalka Todorova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

The works of Vladimir Dimitrov – The Master are emblematic and undoubtedly distinguishable due to the artist’s purposeful and long-lasting efforts to create an art that was national in spirit and form. The Master dedicated his art to the recreation of virtues and moral purity of the people into tints and shapes. The artist turned to key moments in the life of Bulgarians and applies to them an iconic scale, aiming to achieve visually the emanation of the Bulgarian spirit. Highly impressive and memorable are his numerous figure compositions with singing women harvesters, maidens with fruit and flowers, wedding guests, mothers with children, male harvesters, etc., which still impress the diverse public and are perceived as a symbol of the Bulgarian mentality. Distinctive for The Master is the search for the most effective impression by developing cycles of a given motif.The Wedding cycle is chosen in view of the high importance of this festive occasion for the patriarchal morality of Bulgaria and the Balkans. The Bride Kisses Hand motif attracted the painter with its symbolism. The artist has created various sketches and paintings focusing on the search for the most characteristic moment, image, gesture and their rendition to an iconic message. In this direction of search and work idealisation is the artist’s deliberate tool to awaken nostalgia for the soul’s purity in the minds of his contemporaries and to leave to the generations a memory about what was and what would be in order to preserve the true identity of Bulgarians, as well as the soul’s demand for purity, respect, hierarchy and harmonious community.The artistic task that the painter has taken upon himself is comparable to the research of historians called to study and preserve Bulgarian generic memory and moral values, without which the future is unthinkable.

„Пирин пее 2018“ – между изворния фолклор, художествената самодейност и професионалното изкуство

Author(s): Petyo Krastev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2019

Pirin Pee Festival is an event which demonstrates in a specific way the concepts for safeguarding and popularization of tradition. In its core is the scenic representation of examples of traditional local culture. All this provokes mutual interaction between different points of view to ancient singing and music making – authentic folklore, the motors of the event who are the performers and the organizers (they are mainly connected to amateur art practiced in the different chitalishta) and, on the other hand, those who stay behind the artistic interpretation of the local culture within the frame of professional art. In this context the festival is a place for active keeping to the tradition and its influence in the present as well as in the future. All that contributes to the specific, colorful contemporary picture displayed on the festival that is further observed or enriched by specialists, performers and connoisseurs.

„Пирин пее 2018” и живата песенна традиция на село Брезница

Author(s): Mariana Manoleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2019

The article outlines some of the main aspects of safeguarding of the local singing tradition in the village of Breznitsa, Gotse Delchev region. Its present state and the tendencies for change have been outlined on the basis of the analysis of the participation of the groups for folk singing in Pirin pee 2018 sabor. In the focus of attention are Breznichanki folk formation and the woman singing group at the local chitalishte (cultural centre) “P. R. Slaveykov – 1938”. The author analyses mainly the repertoire which shows the attitude to the tradition and the ways of its safeguarding. On this basis two main lines of development have been found – one, which includes strict keeping to the local peculiarities of the traditional singing style and a second one, which includes specifics certifying for influences coming far beyond the local level.

История на българските фолклорни танци от европейска гледна точка

Author(s): György Németh / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2019

The European dance culture is homogeneous. Many of the European dances are not only related to each other but are also variations of each other. Their area of distribution (the ancient Roman Empire) indicates that a common dance ancestor had already existed in antiquity. This ancient dance is the so called Faroe step. The ideology of humanism resulted in a worldview in which the human being and his free will become the measures of everything. Human needs and interests are put in the centre of the new worldview. The worth of the individual increases and he is gradually released from his shackles, life turns into a priority, a demand for individual gratification appeared: amusement, entertainment, dance. From the local variants of the Faroe step used in the ancient rituals has developed in a fanlike manner the European dances (including the Bulgarian ones) with their incredibly rich tempos and rhythm were developed. They were all inspired by the dominant instrumental musical accompaniment.

Обреди и празници в селата Долен и Сатовча – песенната традиция на християни и мюсюлмани

Author(s): Milko Boshnakov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2019

The article presents main rites and feasts in the villages of Dolen and Satovcha. The specifics of the singing tradition of the Bulgarian Christians and Muslims are described. The author finds that despite of the fact that some traditional rites and feasts such as Peperuda, maiden chain dance on Bayram, etc. are no longer performed, the songs connected to them continue to be performed.