A csodálatos falu/város. Hajós/Hajosch mentalitása

Author(s): Vilmos Voigt / Language(s): Hungarian / Issue: 3/2018

After the devastating Turkish wars in Hungary, in the first quarter of the 18th century to peasants from German states was offered to migrate to the wild areas of South of the Hungarian kingdom, to the so called Schwäbische Türkei (Turkey for Swabian Germans). One group of the inhabitants in villages between the rivers Danube and Tisza, the Roman Catholic village, Hajós was settled from Württenberg. Their language (a unique idiom of Swabish, i. e. Alleman) and geograpical situation made them isolated, and thus developing a very rich peasant culture. Scholars (Mária Schön, Zsuzsanna Bereznai and János Müller) started from 1983, worked on a large ethnographic/folklore project to comprise the traditional lore of the village. Three bulky books (together more than two thousand printed pages) appeared. The first was dedicated to „mentality” of the village people, the second published the best known folk songs, and the third relates about the hardships of the German minority in Hungary from 1938 to 1954. The method of the books is the same: to conduct thousands of interviews, and using all written sources available.Then to make a carefully composed summary of peasant life in Hajós. The books not serve only the folklore textology, but express the self-identity of Hajós village – which is today flourishing again, thanks to the diligant peasants there. Because of the similarity of Bácska villages and their folklore research, the review is dedicated to Anna Szőke, devoted scholar of folklore identity in the Bácska.

A study of the attitude of Generation Z to cross-cultural interaction in business

Author(s): Denys Lifintsev,Cristina Fleșeriu,Wanja Wellbrock / Language(s): English / Issue: 86/2019

Background and Purpose: In a digitally globalized world cross-cultural interaction in social and business environment has become more widespread than ever before. The purpose of this paper is to explore the attitude of Generation Z representatives to different aspects of cross-cultural interaction. Design/Methodology/Approach: We used an online questionnaire to collect data for our study. A sample of 324 young adults from three countries: Germany (n=113/34.9%), Romania (n=107/33.0%) and Ukraine (n=104/32.1%) participated in the online survey. The sample consists of university students aged less than 23 years to match the criteria of being representatives of Generation Z. Different statistical tools were used to check the hypotheses. Results: The results of the study indicate that Generation Z representatives consider cross-cultural communication skills as highly important both in their private and business life. The main motivation factors to work in a multicultural business environment have been identified as well as major barriers for effective cross-cultural interaction. Conclusion: This paper illustrates that Gen Zers are willing to work in a multicultural business environment; moreover it can give them additional motivation. This trend along with ongoing processes of globalization and digitalization fosters further interconnection of countries and regions of the world, making cross-cultural communication and cross-cultural management techniques even more important.

Acta Ethnographica Hungarica

Frequency: 2 issues / Country: Hungary

The journal publishes papers on recent scientific advances in the field of ethnography, ethnology, folklore, and sociocultural anthropology. Emphasis is laid, although not exclusively, on subjects related to Hungary and East Central Europe. Hungarian-related topics in the larger context of Eurasia and other continents are also of special interest. Papers are in English. It is published biannually.

Adaptacja kulturowa jako wyzwanie w zespołach międzynarodowych

Author(s): Beata Krawczyk-Bryłka,Dominika Fijałkowska / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 3.3/2015

Challenges linked to multicultural working environment have commonly referred to managerial positions in the organization, due to managers’ migrations and close cooperation with branches in different countries. Yet the evolution of international businesses has begun to involve ordinary employees, as the movement of labour is an ongoing trend currently. As a result employees become members of multicultural teams that face the similar problems as the management that need to adjust their working style to international situation, such as cultural shock. Having that in mind, main point of focus for the leaders should be the process of preparing team members for working in the circumstances of cultural diversity. The aim of this article is to emphasize the new perspective of cultural adaptation of employees cooperating within the multicultural teams and to develop recommendations for the activities to be applied by team leaders, which would prepare those employees to their working situation. Deliberations on this matter rely on research made within the group of 50 employees of international corporations based in Tri-City district, Poland, that focused on identification of tools that might be found useful in the process of cultural adaptation and confrontating current organizational acitivity with employees’ needs.

ADLANDIRMA, TOPONOMİ VE ANADOLU’NUN TÜRKLEŞMESİNDEKİ ADLANDIRMA GELENEĞİ

Author(s): Yunus Arifoğlu / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 46/2020

Naming began with people putting an explanation on something. Human knows something by name. At the same time, man has removed his spiritual void by naming. Because the man was a stranger to the world. Place names are being investigated by Toponomy. While studying the naming, this branch of science makes use of both other disciplines and its own sub-disciplines. In this sense, it investigates the reason for the naming of a place and how it occurs. The richness of the ancient heritage can be explained and interpreted by toponomy. Although it was not known which impulse the naming was given, the naming factors can be known. One of the most important factors when giving place names is nature. Naming is the beginning of the taming of geography. Thus, geography became a cultural basin instead of an ordinary part. Geography was the main factor in naming. The other factor in naming is human. Socialization, colors and other similar factors were also effective in naming. Every tribe has named the place in its own way. Nations have benefited from the accumulation in the geographies where they migrated. During the Middle Ages, the Turkish population came to Anatolia intensively. Thus, Anatolia has become Muslim Turkish geography. The Turks who came to Anatolia were the descendants of Oguz. Oguz gave the color to Anatolia. When Anatolia became a Turkish homeland, the Turks adapted or renamed the names in the Anatolian geography to the Turkish language. In this study, toponomy examining place names was explained and the story of names was examined. The source of the nomenclature and the factors affecting it were discussed. Then, the naming methods of Turks in Anatolia. In this study, modern literature in the context of place names was used.

Agentinio modeliavimo taikymas kultūros tyrimų informacijos valdymui

Author(s): Rimvydas Laužikas,Darius Plikynas,Vytautas Dulskis,Leonidas Sakalauskas,Arūnas Miliauskas / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 88/2020

The impact of cultural processes on personal and social changes is one of the important research issues not only in contemporary social sciences but also for simulation of future development scenarios and evidence-based policy decision making. In the context of the theoretical concept of cultural values, based on the system theory and theory of social capital, the impact of cultural events could be analyzed and simulated by focussing on the construction/ deconstruction of social capital, which takes place throughout the actor’s cultural participation. The main goal of this research is the development of measuring metrics, and agent-based simulation model aimed at investigation of the social impact of cultural processes. This paper provides new insights of modeling the social capital changes in a society and its groups, depending on cultural participation. The proposed measurement metrics provide the measurement facility of three key components: actors, cultural events and events flow and social capital. It provides the initial proof of concept simulation results, - simplified agent-based simulation model showcase. The NetLogo MAS platform is used as a simulation environment.

Ale na razie tu cisza” – fotografie sprzed katastrofy w wybranych zapisach literackich (Stefan Chwin, Ryszard Kapuściński, Wisława Szymborska)

Author(s): Magdalena Strąk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2020

The work aims to show a peculiar perspective of looking at photographs taken on the eve of the broadly understood disaster, which is specified in a slightly different way in each of the literary texts (Stefan Chwin’s autobiographical novel Krótka historia pewnego żartu [The brief history of a certain joke], a poem by Ryszard Kapuściński Na wystawie „Fotografia chłopów polskich do 1944 r.” [At an exhibition “The Polish peasants in photographs to 1944”] and Wisława Szymborska’s Fotografia z 11 września [Photograph from September 11]) – as death in a concentration camp, a general concept of the First World War or a terrorist attack. Upcoming tragic events – of which the photographed people are not yet aware – become for the subsequent recipient an inseparable element of reality contained in the frame. For the later observers, privileged with time perspective, the characters captured in the photograph are already victims of the catastrophe, which in reality was not yet recorded by the camera. It is a work about coexistence of the past and future in the field of photography.

ANADOLU EFSANELERİNDE KADIN VE ÇOCUKLARIN KUŞA DÖNÜŞMESİ MOTİFİ

Author(s): Fatoş Yalçınkaya / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 28/2019

Myth is a species that takes place in many societies and predominates the element of faith. People have created various legends in trying to understand nature and some events and they believed in these legends. In the legends; fairy tale, saga, folk story etc. According to the species, the element of faith is dominant and a species that satisfies the society in terms of belief. Legends that contain the elements of belief in societies, Legends, which contain the elements of belief in societies, have changed and transformed society. In order to better analyze the process of change and transformation of beliefs, legends need to be carefully studied. Legends have a very wide subject area. The heroes of legends can be sacred beings, extraordinary beings, humans, animals, and all living and inanimate beings. In the legends of the Turkish world, there are many live that have been the subject of legend. In particular, the motif of transformation into animals is a very common motif. Within these motifs, turning into a bird constitutes a special place. The motif of turning into a bird has a variety of symbolic meanings. Some of these transformations bear traces of the mythic period. One of them is the motif of woman turning into a bird. There are many legends about the transformation of women and children into birds in Anatolia. The aim of the study is to find out why women and children turn into birds and to examine the origins of the bird transformation. The universe of this study; It consists of doctoral and master's theses written about Anatolian Legends at the National Thesis Center. And it consists of books published on this subject. The scanned legend texts were found to be similar. For this reason, the texts selected for the sample of the study were selected from published books which are capable of general representation.

ANALELE BUCOVINEI

Frequency: 2 issues / Country: Romania

Andreas Hepp: Medyatikleşen Kültürler

Author(s): İpek Kaya / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 102/2020

The review of: Andreas Hepp, 2015, Medyatikleşen Kültürler. Çev: Çiğdem Bozdağ - Elif Pasos-Devrani; Dipnot Yayınları, 2015, 236 sayfa, ISBN 9786054878420

Anna Magdalena Kosińska, Prawa kulturalne obywateli państw trzecich w prawie Unii Europejskiej

Author(s): Izabela Leraczyk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 1/2019

The review of: Anna Magdalena Kosińska, Prawa kulturalne obywateli państw trzecich w prawie Unii Europejskiej; Wydawnictwo Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego Jana Pawła II, Lublin 2018; ISBN 978-83-8061-515-1

Anthropological Discourse in the Performative Context of Body-Spatial Experience

Author(s): Sergii Rudenko,Volodymyr Prykhodko / Language(s): English / Issue: 13/2020

The article deals with the discovery of a performative context of anthropological discourse. This requires a revision of customary discursive codes “nature/culture” and “culture/civilization” as they are built on the false dualism of the spiritual and the material. It reveals itself in discursive erosion of positional places that ruin each other. Shifts that accompany such a state of things reveal an archaic layer of body-spatial experience based on a non-controversial duality. The projections of this experience, through customary discursive codes, discover non-controversial binary pairs. Fundamental for descriptive ontological judgments of culture is an “internal/external” pair. For normative (ethosrelated) judgments of culture, it is a “close/distant” pair. Together, they make a body-spatial logic of connection in the anthropological discourse between the descriptive and normative levels, thus forming in it various human types through anthropological projections. For cultural discourse, the performative context generally reveals itself as anthropological deixis that makes relevant historically diverse language representations of culture.

ANTROPOGENETSKA STRUKTURA OTOČNIH POPULACIJA ISTOČNOG JADRANA

Author(s): Maja Bakran,Branka Janićijević / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 12+13/1994

The anthropogenetic structure of six island/peninsular populations - Brač, Hvar, Korčula, Pelješac, Silba and Olib - of the Eastern Adriatic, Croatia, is analyzed on the basis of the study of four different erythrocyte antigen systems/groups and two erythrocyte isoenzyme systems. Average sample size was 555 individuals. Allele frequencies and genetic distances values were computed. The obtained results point to the fact that all of the populations in question have preserved their separate characteristics in the course of their (micro) evolution to the present day, which is especially noticeable for the island populations of Korčula and Olib, as these populations distinguish themselves from the other studied populations with a greater degree of isolation.

Antropologia pamięci. Zagadnienia i wybór tekstów

Author(s): / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 2018

An anthology of translations of several dozen texts on various aspects of memory studies as a modern field of research and anthropological reflection. The texts present the problem of cultural memory in the context of anthropology of the body, things, media, space, as well as different types of social and historical anthropology.

Aplikacja mobilna jako zjawisko kulturowe

Author(s): Barbara Orzeł / Language(s): Polish / Publication Year: 2017

The main aim of this book is to determine the influence of mobile application on the area of new media reality and culture. The dissertation consists of eight chapters. The first chapter begins with a recall of the most important concepts of computer program and the presentation of its history, based on the following criteria: „linguistic“ – presenting different programming languages, and „technical“ – discussing further innovations, milestones in the field of computer hardware. Afterwards the author considers the evolution of computer program, the history of mobile phone and the presentation of mobile operating systems. The important part of dissertation concentrates on the cultural aspects of programming – the concept of algorithm and the reception of programming languages in the light of the Sapir‑Whorf hypothesis. The following subject focuses on finding common ground for concepts, phenomena and mechanisms that combines the digital and cultural order, provides the foundation for reflection on the interface issues, the idea of cross‑platform, the „three screens strategy“ and the consequences of mobile media consumption. The next part of dissertation concentrates on the analysis of mechanisms related to the selection of applications in the light of Henrik Vejlgaard‘s trend sociology and their use as a marketing tool. The conversion of media reality mediated by the mobile apps is the main problem of subsequent chapters: the transformations of computer games (the transition from console to mobile channel), the phenomenon of most popular mobile games, the personalization and customization of the user experience. Thereafter the author goes back to the sources ofmobile applications – the innovation and start‑ups. The main reference are the most importantbusiness models and the area of „creation – foundation – distribution“. The last part of dissertation concentrates on the new communication behaviors that have been created in the different areas of life (for example: self‑expression, e‑reading, „smart homes“). The foregoing discussion has attempted to present the cultural perception of mobile applications, the transformation of concepts and the possible directions of their influence.

Are we Hindus? Religion in contemporary Tamil Dalit discourse

Author(s): Pavel Hons / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2018

Based primarily on original sources in Tamil as well as interviews, the article seeks to portray the attitude of Tamil Dalit intellectuals and political leaders towards the question of religion. It seeks to discover the role of religion in their discourse and how they utilise religious matters to mobilise their fellow caste members. It maps their efforts to distance themselves from Hinduism and to propagate the particularity of Dalit deities and Dalit religion as a part of their newly constructed identity. Their opinions on the possibility of conversion are also briefly noted. These attitudes are examined from the viewpoint of the differing emancipation strategies of the three major Tamil Dalit castes. The Paraiyar as well as the Arunthaiyar leaders try to reject the Hindu identity, though the common folk consider themselves to be Hindus. The Devendrars on the contrary associate themselves with the Hindu gods and Hindu temples, they claim direct connection with some of them. Even they, however, tend to emphasise particularity of their deities as a part of their identity building.

Art of Displacement

Author(s): Giovanni Perillo / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 2020

In his artistic research, Giovanni Perillo aims to generate conflicts with oneself, to weaken certainties, stereotypes and rigid expectations, encouraging a dialogue to express one’s reflections on the real freedom of one’s choices and on the possible influences that they imply. Through a détourner, a displacement, a deviation from alienating cultural mechanisms, aesthetic experimentation can become practical for a transformation towards a different self-awareness.“Taking the cue from the theory of events, I started to research stimuli and creative interaction processes through my artistic investigation and production. The stimuli had to be able to arouse behaviours and interpretations that are far from conformist and pre-established models.The interpretations, as answers to a stimulus coming from reality, are the significant consequences of the sense and vision of reality.The conventional and conformist interpretations form the specific psychological structure of a culture, and for this reason, they are its identity.If the reactions of the individuals who interact with artwork were not spontaneous, heterogeneous or unpredictable, they would show the homogenized and homogenizing game of taking part to practices where roles and goals of the playe

Asociaţiile profesionale ale oierilor din Mărginime şi turismul de factură etnologică

Author(s): Ilie Moise / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 21/2007

L’ ouvrage Les associations professionnelles des bergers de Mărginime et le tourisme de structure ethnologique passe en revue les préoccupations des habitants de Mărginimea Sibiului pour la mise en valeur des ressources dont les localités montagneuses disposent. Premièrement on présente les Associations professionnelles … de l’époque d’entre les deux guerres mondiales, la revue "Stâna" et aussi "le Musée bucolique" de Poiana Sibiului. La deuxiéme partie de l’ouvrage insiste sur les ressources touristiques insuffisamment mises en valeur actuellement.

Aukštesnės vidurinės klasės skyrimo kriterijai

Author(s): Meilutė Taljūnaitė / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 4/2019

Each country has its own criteria for the upper middle class. On the other hand, it is clear that even the general principles that define the middle class in different countries differ markedly between them. The US and British criteria are often compared. The role of the family as an element of social stratification is important in the British upper middle class model. The article advocates the influence of family stratification on the formation of the upper (and not only) middle class in Lithuania. Not only does the upper middle class have self-employment, its income is above average and it has higher education, it also influences, identifies trends and fundamentally shapes public opinion (an aspect of its ‘social role’). The broad upper middle class is not so much a guarantor of the welfare state but of social stability in the country.

Autochthony

Author(s): Roman Doušek / Language(s): English / Publication Year: 0

Before the 19th century, the Central European countryside was a place where non-local social classes pursued their interests, whether they were of an economic, political, missionary, cultural,or reformatory nature. These classes introduced their ideas and tried to influence local inhabitants through various tools of power from their positions as owners of manors and through state political mechanisms sanctioned by religion, etc.