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Modernizare şi religie în societatea contemporană

Author(s): Veronica ION / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 26/2010

This paper focuses on analyzing the relation between religion and the process of modernization. It characterizes modernization as a potential source of religious innovation, reviews the religious consequences of modernization and presents a model of analysis and several religious forms typical of this process. The last part of the article includes a short description of the secularization process, by focusing on the theoretical references of it and the situation of religious faith and institutions during the communist regime.

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Personalismul spiritual european între interpretarea „materialistă” şi percepţia „noului creştinism”

Author(s): Anca Parmena Olimid / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 25/2010

Without pretending to bring solutions, the present article tries to identify the main talking points of the religious liberty and regime of cults in the European recent history, assuming the hypothesis that recognizes its character as a unique phenomenon. The present work recognizes the importance of the political theory, which becomes an indispensable instrument for the reflection and analysis of the history of religious ideas. The work does not rest on a structural analysis of politics, but is oriented towards an understanding of the dynamics of New Christianism in the context of industrial progress.

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KARL R. POPPERAND THE MORAL DUTY TO DEFEND DEMOCRACY

Author(s): Cristiana Budac / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2018

In The Open Society and Its Enemies Austrian philosopher Karl R. Popper statesthat it was the Greek who started the transition from the close to the open societysomewhere during the 5th century B.C. Even though their democratic experiment did not survive, we are still puzzled by the same issues as they were. For instance the question “who should rule in a democracy?” According to Popper this is the wrong question to ask. We should find an answer to another one instead: what should be done to avoid the danger of tyranny? A real democracy goes beyond its etymological meaning - the power of the people - and stresses the value of an institutional framework meant to safeguard us against dictatorship. Fighting the latter becomes a moral obligation, and the principle of critical rationalism offers the means to do it. This paper aims to stress the importance of Popper’s critique of totalitarianism for the challenged societies of our own time.

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Kroz Bosnu i Hercegovinu. Studija i utisci s putovanja

Author(s): Guillaume Capus / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 3-4/2017

Obavijen prozračnom jutarnjom izmaglicom, voz sada klizi preko ravnice kroz koju teče Sava. Nekoliko metara visok nasip štiti željezničku prugu od poplava koje su ovdje česte i nerijetko razarajuće. Proljeće 1895. godine bilo je posebno teško. Početkom aprila, snježne mase su se otopile i brzo podigle nivo Save za osam, čak devet metara iznad njezina najnižeg uobičajenog vodostaja. Premda su tamošnje kuće mahom sojenice, bile su sa svih strana okružene vodom dok su štale razvaljenih vrata prepuštale stoku bujici na milost i nemilost.

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Raportul stat-societate-religie-drept în configurarea unei istoriografii a dialogului interconfesional în context european

Author(s): Anca Parmena Olimid / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 24/2009

Without pretending to bring solutions, the present article tries to identify the main talking points of the relation between state, society and religion, assuming the hypothesis that recognizes the unique character of the Romanian history beginning with the 19th century. Moreover, the orientation of the work towards a broader context of scientific analysis allows the possibility of the avoindance of a political, historical and not least religious determinism focused on the years 1945 and 1989: the end of the Second World War and the collapse of the communist regime. In this situation, the article allows for a detailed exposition of the Romanian and foreign literature of the main events in history of Orthodox, Greek-Catholic Church and Catholic Church that marked the dynamics of the modern and contemporary Romania. As to the structural dimension of the religious and political system, most of the analysis converge towards the acceptance of the following components: the situation of the Greek-Catholic Church in Transylvania, the religious freedoms and legislative invariables of the interreligious dialogue in Romania, the transformations of the European spiritual environment thorough a parallel between the religious practices at the beginning of the 20th and 21st centuries.

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Notes towards a New Geopolitics in the Balkans. Old National Ideologies vs. New Religious Beliefs

Author(s): Anca Parmena Olimid / Language(s): English Issue: 30+31/2011

The paper focuses on the theme of the “new Balkans religious arena” and its plural-conditional environment. Furthermore, concerning the religious freedom in the context of the dynamic evolution of the contemporary world, the accent falls on the diverging opinions concerning the status of the Orthodox Church and the analysis of the incitements and threats against the religious pluralism in the Balkans in the recent years. Here, the initial problem resides in the Balkans’ particular complexity, specific to transitory societies, in which the internal and external factors are combined in an often regional perspective requiring the involvement of some political myth-making typical to the incipient democracies.

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MULTICULTURAL RELIGIOUS PROSELYTISM OR MISSIONARY ACTIVITY IN THE POSTMODERN SECULARIZED SOCIETY?

Author(s): Vasile-Lucian V. GOLDAN / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 38/2017

Lately we are speaking increasingly more about progress, peace, cooperation, understanding and integration in the context of increased efforts to level the inherent differences between individuals or groups of individuals, belonging to different cultural and ideological traditions. But if we do not want all these aspirations to lead to a new Tower of Babel, it must be borne in mind the consideration as a whole and as a particular the real anthropological context of human development, in terms of immanento-transcendental axiology, the two coordinate whose balance determines the progress and the regress of history. From this perspective, the practical approach to an issue so ambitious is obliged to take into account, first the importance both of the spiritual and rational factor understood in its full forming dimension. This paper is intended to be a concise and systematic exposure of the missionary and proselyte thinking and its relationships with the process of secularization in the democratic environment of the XXI century.

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La politique européenne du Pape Innocent III (1198-1216)

Author(s): Gabriel Roman / Language(s): French Issue: 09+12/2016

Innocent III (1198-1216) was one of the most powerful and influential popes. He exerted a wide influence over the Christian regimes of Europe, claiming supremacy over all of Europe's kings. Pope Innocent III played roles in the politics of the Holy Roman Empire, England, France, Spain, Bulgaria, Hungary, Byzantine Empire etc. He is notable for forcing princes to obey his decisions. His papacy asserted the absolute spiritual authority of his office, while still respecting the temporal authority of kings. During the reign of Innocent III, the papacy was at the height of its powers. He was considered to be the most powerful person in Europe at the time. As the intellectual Romanian scholarship lacks a synthesis work on the subject, this study aims to fill this gap in bibliography. In this study we aim to pull together, to evaluate and present in the form of a readable and coherent synthesis, essential purchases of Romanian and international literature, itself the fruit of specialized scholars' labor. Regarding the events that we present in the following pages, theologians and historians will find an overview of major events that happened in Europe in the 12th and 13th centuries.

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AN IMPORTANT CONTEMPORARY HISTORICAL EVENT: THE ISLAMIZATION OF EUROPE

Author(s): Nicolae Iuga / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 12/2017

Problem invasion of Europe by Muslims and the specific alteration Europe's Christian, as how much is left, it was not analyzed nor discussed extensively in the press, perhaps under a manifestation of political correctness misunderstood, actually transformed into a culpable self-censorship. But the phenomenon is real invasion is far-reaching and serious consequences are only partly unpredictable. The demographic structure of Europe will change radically in a short time, which will lead to the disappearance of a civilization, its values and all, European civilization which was for centuries a forerunner of civilization and world culture, and imperceptibly replace it with another civilization, under the hypnotized, abulic and confusion of those condemned to extinction, with the complicit silence of the press and political parties dominant. It cannot accept this in the name of "globalization" because globalization is a pretext for seizing control of resources and population of the entire planet by a single power pole, not a humanitarian. Globalization will certainly fail in a kind of cynical and criminal policy, as former "proletarian internationalism". To succeed, globalization should be a religion, but it is obvious that in reality is not a religion, but a simple affair, perhaps the onerous biggest deal in the history of humanity.

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REINTEGRATION OF FAITH INTO SOCIETY

Author(s): Ștefan Vlăduțescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 12/2017

This study investigates the religious revival in the contemporary age. It is taken as example a study of great relevance published by writer Nicolae Coande. The method used consists of thematic-linguistic procedures and in comparing procedures. It starts from the finding that between the anxieties with which the spirits inevitably give their chest at one moment are the ones generated by questions about religion and God. The idea to be reached is that these fundamental anxiety, brand writers give them a clear and engaging discourse response. The conclusion is that we can talk about the revival of the religious in our society..

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TWO DIFFERENT DISCOURSES: POLITICAL THEOLOGY AND POLITICAL RELIGION IN THE CONTEXT OF SECULARISATION

Author(s): Dumitru-Daniel TINCU / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2017

In the current context, religion has become a central subject for many philosophers and political scientists as a result of the secularisation phenomenon developed in the twentieth century. Although the theorists have divided opinions on the implications of post-modernism, there is a commonly accepted position on a form of justification for the state through religion. The article articulates the fact that all the political concepts are secularised theological concepts. The relationship between religion and politics – divinity and power – will allow the reconstruction of the theological-political construct. There is an ambiguity when referring to this subject, confusing political theology with political religion. From this reasoning, the present article tries to identify the differences between political theology and political religion, discourses debated in European political and social thinking. This approach is relevant because the political role of religion continues to develop increasingly complex discourses, but, at the same time, with a direct impact on the concept of power inside the state.

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Alojzije Stepinac, Student of the Collegium Germanicum (1924–1931)

Author(s): Ljubodrag D. Dimić / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

The seven-year stay at the Collegium Germanicum (1924–1931) had a major inϐluence on the ideological and religious maturation of Alojzije Stepinac. Education at this seminary for Roman Catholic priests, administered by the Jesuits, took place in circumstances of intensiϐied clericalization of Croatian society and conϐlict between the Catholic Church and the Yugoslav state.

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Есеј о политичким религијама

Author(s): Marko Veković / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2018

This paper analyses the relevance of the concept of political religions for political science. The very concept of political religions was coined in the beginning of XX century with a goal to explain the nature of totalitarian regimes founded in Europe soil. By analyzing Italian fascism, German national socialism and communism of the USSR, researches came to a conclusion that these regimes had some characteristics of religion and therefore, that they could be referred as political religions. Goal of our paper is twofold. First, by using qualitative analysis and critical approach we tend to bring this concept closer to our scientific community and second, we tend to explain why this concept is still relevant for political science at the beginning of XXI century.

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Yemen Crisis – The Legacy of Alī Abdullah Ṣāliḥ

Author(s): Marko Gagić / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

Yemen is witnessing what is often described as the worst humanitarian crisis in the World. Even in the past, it was usually considered to be the poorest Arab country, but the problems dramatically escalated since the beginning of the Saudi-led intervention which started in March 2015. Alī Abdullah Ṣāliḥ ruled the country between 1978 and 2011, but in the following years he returned on the political scene and once again became a very important figure in socio-political life of Yemen. On 4 December 2017, Ṣāliḥ was assassinated by a group called Anṣār Allah thus opening a new chapter of South Arabian politics. This paper gives the review of Ṣāliḥ’s policy from the beginning of his presidency until his death, with a goal to explain his contribution to the creation and escalation of the ongoing crisis in Yemen. It is based on the results of two field studies, interviews as well as on the comprehensive analysis of pre-existing studies on this topic.

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Uloga religije u sukobima: pokretač ili katalizator sukoba

Author(s): Vladislav Stefanović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 20/2018

The author tries to explain the role of religion in conflicts, with reference to certain countries with the majority Muslim population. author proceeds from the hypothesis that religion can accelerate the conflict and constitute an obstacle to a peaceful solution to the conflict, but also the means to a peaceful resolution of the conflict. is religion would initiate conflict or serve as a means for a peaceful settlement of the conflict depends on the concrete historical situation and on how the religion mediates to society and the individual. in the first part of study the author presents the basic concepts of conflict and types of conflict, the second part is focused on the analysis and conceptual definition of religion and the relationship between religion and politics, the third part examines contemporary religious conflicts. in conclusion, the author endeavors to provide a possible framework for overcoming religious intolerance and preventive action among religious groups.

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SEKTAŠTVO JE OTROV. Intervju s prof. Seyyed Hossein Nasrom

Author(s): Fatima Žutić,Seyyed Hossein Nasr / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 74/2018

With prof. Seyyed Husein Nasr, one of the most renowned contemporary islamic scholars and philosophers, we discussed current problems facing the Muslim world, secterian conflicts shattering the Middle East, traditional Islam and growing xenophobia and islamophobia throughout the world. Born in 1933 in Iran, he was educated at MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) and Harvard University. He was a rector of Teheran University and founder of the Imperial Iranian Academy of Philosophy. At present, he is professor emeritus at the George Washington University, where he has been teaching Islamic Studies since the year 1984. He is the author of 25 books and over five hundred articles. His work has been translated to numerous world languages including Bosnian language.

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Ustav o slobodnoj veroispovesti

Author(s): Marijana Pajvančić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 02/1990

The relationship between state and church is that between two institutions. The state regulates its relationship towards the church through legal ordinances presented by organs of state government The growth of society made it necessary that these relationships should be regulated, especially because civil order has to be maintained and conflicts between different religions within one state must be avoided. In this article attention is directed towards the constitutionals and legal aspects of the freedom of religion and towards the framework of norms within which religious communities function in our country The author comes to the conclusion that the citizens' constitutional rights pertaining to religion arc based on the general constitutional principles concerning human freedom, and in particular those in the area of general human rights, the constitution guaranteeing these rights as related to religious institutions and practices.

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RELIGIJA I HRVATSKO DRUŠTVO

Author(s): Siniša Zrinščak / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 35/1998

Drawing on the statement that little can be said about the role of religious communities in Croatian society without a greater knowledge of major social processes, the paper first presents some partial insights into the social and economic situation in Croatian society, and based on that, comments upon the possibility of development of Croatian society. In the second part points of support for the analysis of the religious situation in Croatia are dealt with as well as the social dependence of religion before and after the fall of communism. The paper also enumerates issues concerning contemporary religious processes and relations, emerging in all post-communist societies. In conclusion, the paper discusses those social factors conditioning the current position and social role of certain religious communities, as well as the factors chosen to, probably, change that role in the future. The author thus suggests a methodological abundance of those theoretical concepts conceived to comprehend better the different processes of religious restructuration in a secularized postmodern world.

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NOVO VINO I STARI MJEHOVI TOLERANCIJA, PRAVO I RELIGIJA U SUVREMENOJ EUROPI

Author(s): Silvio Ferrari / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 20/1995

ln the article the author deals with the ever greater significance of the religious factor on the political, cultural and social scenes of contemporary Europe - with the process of deprivatization of religion, followed by an increase of religious conflict, which indicates the possibility that the return of the sacred may also include the return of intolerance. The initial point of this process is the ideological void created by the marginalization of the Marxist viewpoint and the crisis of market liberalism which actualizes the interest for Christian social learning.

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NOVI STAVOVI KATOLIČKE CRKVE U ODNOSU CRKVE I DRŽAVE

Author(s): Zvonimir Bono Šagi / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 20/1995

As the origins of today's attitudes of the Catholic Church towards the state, the author designates three theological notions that were expressed most clearly in the teachings of the Second Vatican Council: recognition of religious pluralism in society, affirmative attitude towards religious freedom in every society, autonomy of temporal realities, societies with regard to religion and the Church. The result of these teachings was a new practice which was not quite the same in all parts of the world. Therefore, in order to fully comprehend this practice, one must also take into account the cultural and historical circumstances. The differences can best be observed in the understanding of Catholicism, how "alive" it is in the culture, tradition of a nation. One must distinguish between personal faith from the faith existant in culture. It is important to bear in mind the degree of secularization of Christian culture which has retained within it Christian religious elements, but without a true personal relation towards God.

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