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4.50 €

TÉMATA PŘEDVOLEBNÍCH KAMPANÍ V PROGRAMECH STRAN, JEJICH OUTDOOROVÝCH KAMPANÍCH A MÉDIÍCH

Author(s): Alena Macková,Miloš Gregor,Otto Eibl / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Otto Eibl, Miloš Gregor, and Alena Macková research the topic of parties’ election campaigns in platforms, their outdoor campaigns, and in the media in the fourth chapter. Their analysis consists of two aspects of campaigns by parties that received at least one seat – through election manifestoes on the one hand, and billboards and other outdoor campaign signage on the other.

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Section 4: Participating in Politics

Author(s): Monika Metyková / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In this section we provide a taste of research carried out under the heading of new media and politics by a team of researchers in media studies, sociology, and political science at Masaryk University in Brno. As always, some disclaimers are due before we outline the contributions that appear in this section. “Politics” and “political” are terms that have increasingly become descriptive of wide areas of our (everyday) lives – ranging from culture through sexuality all the way to how we dispose of our rubbish. In this section we attempt to provide a selection of our research that covers areas from institutional politics through citizens’ participatory practices to the fate of Europe’s largest and, arguably, most neglected minority – the Roma.

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Czech Politicians Go Online: Is this e-Democracy or Just a Campaign Move?

Author(s): Alena Macková / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The last few years have witnessed an intensified academic debate on the potential of new media in politics in the Czech Republic. However, discussions on new media’s impact – democratic potential, mobilization of the electorate, dialogue between citizens and politicians, etc. – tend to involve political parties rather than politicians as individual users. This chapter is mostly based on data analyzing the individual use of new media (and, specifically, social networking sites) by politicians.

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Social Media and Diffused Participation

Author(s): Jakub Macek / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The chapter deals with diffused participation and the role of social media in mundane civic and political practices. Drawing on previous research and employing a structuration model of media for its theoretical framework, the chapter aims to illustrate that the uses of social media are structured by affordances of the media as well as by the immediate and broader social, cultural, and political contexts in which political and civic practices are embedded.

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Collaboration and fusion of Basque local media: opportunities for development and for citizen participation

Author(s): Eneko Bidegain,Aitor Zuberogoitia,Txema Egaña,Ainhoa Larrañaga / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The local professional press in Basque started around 1989–1990. It has been predominantly located in villages, but from 2000 onwards it began to spread through the valleys and regions. This process is not yet complete. As such, this chapter aims to analyse the mechanisms of collaboration among Basque local media, which are using new technologies and striving to develop community participation. The Basque language is spoken in the Basque Country, and is a minority language due to the linguistic policies of Spain and France, which impose Spanish and French as primary languages but do not confer the same rights on Basque. The Basque language is not official in the northern (French) part of the country; it is co-official in the southern (Spanish) part, but only Spanish is obligatory. Thus, there is a situation of diglossia throughout the Basque Country, in which the Basque language is always the weaker.

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Може ли политическият хумор да бъде деструктивен? Политическият хумор онлайн в ЕС по време на пандемия

Author(s): Vladislav Vasilev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Political humor online becomes increasingly important element of today societies' information diet. Its vast online usage in political and oppositional discourse, as well as its role as a communication strategy for political agitation, highlights the need to redefine the contemporary normative benefits of political jokes for democratic societies in the EU. Such analytical perspective is particularly relevant to post-pandemic EU societies in which factors as social division on major political topics and the political cleavage as a whole became somewhat of a standart. This article explores the architecture and societal function of political humor online as a means of socio-political critique and protest in post-Covid-19 EU societies. From the perspective of digital communication, the article employs the leading theoretical concepts of humor to compare what constitutes a “destructive force” for democratic and authoritarian media. The research focus falls on analyzing the role and effects of political humor in online media in the context of upholding EU's democratic values.

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Wertende Referenz im historischen Diskurs über die Annexion Bosnien-Herzegowinas

Author(s): Alma Čović-Filipović / Language(s): German Publication Year: 0

The discourse concerning the annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina belongs to the scientific objects of history science which have been within a scientific focus of history science as well as of numerous associated disciplines. This paper examines the discourse from the linguistic perspective, in particular from the discursive linguistic perspective, as a part of the political discourse, and thus of political communication. In this sense, contemporary media texts written in the three daily newspapers – the Neue Freie Presse, the Sarajevoer Tagblatt and the Bosnische Post – have been examined to identify valuing references to central reality clippings of this discourse. The aim of this paper is to show how the valuing reference towards the country's annexation process and its closely related issues support communicative goals of justification, diminishing and reinterpretation of annexation in political and media communication.

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INFORMATIVNO-KOMUNIKACIJSKI ASPEKTI PARTICIPACIJE GRAĐANA U LOKALNOJ UPRAVI

Author(s): Najil Kurtić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Sudjelovanje građana u politici i građanskom životu jedan je od četiri elementa uspješne demokracije. To sudjelovanje Diamond i Morlino (2004) vide mnogo šire od mogućnosti građana da periodično biraju, odnosno mijenjaju vladajuće elite. Građani bi, u demokratiji, trebali djelovati i između izbora; kao korektiv vlasti, biti uključeni u donošenje odluka, te nastojati da se njihov glas stalno čuje.

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Fake news and how to fight it

Author(s): Željka VESIĆ,Luka Marković / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The COVID-19 pandemic has taught us how important it is to have real and true information, and that they are received from the reliable sources. In this particular case, misinformation and spread of fake news endanger our health and raises panic, which further raises danger in multiple ways. This is why it is important to check if a photograph was edited, or if sound was added to a video, and even if the articles spread in mainstream media are modified. The public needs to be protected from the pandemic of false information. Fake news, pseudo-news, alternative facts and news with misinformation are spread through traditional forms of media or social media to create a false narrative about a given topic. Spreading misinformation gives people a distorted view, often on something that they need to decide on. Social media is very convenient place for spreading of false information because of the open nature of their platforms which allows every person to say and share various contents.

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VAGUENESS IN BRITISH POLITICAL INTERVIEWS

Author(s): Jana Adámková / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The present paper aims to contribute to the field of communication and pragmatic studies. It attempts to examine and describe the way in which interviewers (IRs) and interviewees (IEs) in British (Br) political interviews (PIs) use vague language (VL). By analysing two interviews, first between Jeremy Paxman (JP) and Michael Howard (MH) and second between JP and Tony Blair (TB) the paper aims to explore what communicative strategies and effects both participating parties (IR and IEs) try to achieve by means of vague reference to numerical quantity and semantically empty nouns and phrases. The present paper is theoretically anchored mainly in Channell’s seminal work called Vague Language (1994).

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THREAT PERCEPTION IN THE SPEECHES OF GEORGE W. BUSH AND B. OBAMA: A COMPARISON

Author(s): Jana Svobodová / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Public speeches delivered by the Presidents of the United States show similarities with regard to their length and basic features, such as the opening and closing sentences or references to the U.S. traditions, mission, etc. However, their content is highly dependent on the actual domestic and international situation. Besides the comparison of the quantitative data (the length of the speeches, the number of sentences/paragraphs/words/characters), the main focus of the article is to analyze and compare how threat to the United States is expressed in the speeches of G. W. Bush and B. Obama. The analyzed speeches were chosen according to their type (Inaugural Address, 9/11 Address, UN Address, State of the Union Address) as well as according to their date of delivery in order to show the changes between the speeches of G. W. Bush preceding or following the 9/11 attacks and the speeches delivered several years later by B. Obama. The results show that there are threats to the United States which have not changed over the years; however, both Presidents address the threats rather indirectly, showing the uncertainty the United States has faced since the end of the Cold War.

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The Concept of Savior Leadership in Political Communication: A Qualitative Research on Hayder Aliyev’s Perception of Turkic World

Author(s): Baha Ahmet Yilmaz / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The disintegration of the Soviet Union with the end of the Cold War brought with it the identity problem of the emerging young republics. In this context, the leader, who has the most important role, has a key role in completing the integration process of the relevant countries both in domestic and foreign policy. The leader, who has a very important role in the political communication literature and is called the litmus paper of the society, can be defined by the image he creates in the society as well as the administration style. In this context, leadership in the modern era, in which many different definitions and types are put forward, has developed much more comprehensive approaches to itself, unlike the traditional era. The most prominent of these is the concept of savior leadership.

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Azerbaycan Umummilli Lideri Haydar Aliyev’in TBMM’de Yaptığı Konuşmalar Hakkında Bir Değerlendirme

Author(s): Ayten Can / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

“Ben ne yapmışsam hepsini şuurlu yaptım. Hiçbir şeyi şuursuz yapmadım. Bütün geçmişime hayatıma gör, bütün yaptığım işler için hayıflanmıyorum. Her şeyi halkım için, milletim için ve kendi vatanım Azerbaycan için yaptığımı düşünüyorum” diyen Azerbaycan Devleti’nin Cumhurbaşkanı Haydar Aliyev Azerbaycan’ın bağımsızlığını kazanmasının ardından 1993- 2003 yılları arasında görev almış, kaotik bir dönemden geçen ve birçok sorunla başetmek zorunda kalan Azerbaycan bu dönemde çok önemli atılımlar da yapmıştır. Politik ve ekonomik dönüşümler yaşayan Azerbaycan aynı zamanda uluslararası devletlerle de ilişkilerini geliştirmiştir.

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Elektronik Sivil İtaatsizlik Bağlamında Hacktivizmin Meşruluğu Üzerine

Author(s): Özlem Çetin Öztürk / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

As digital tools have been used to protest and influence policy, activists' repertoire of collective action has changed. Hacking is one of the forms of action used by activists. The use of hacking as an activist tactic with a political motivation is called hacktivism. However, as the act of hacking crosses legal boundaries, the legitimacy of hacktivism and the contexts in which it can be understood as an acceptable form of activism are debated. Some studies of the legitimacy of hacktivism highlight the relationship between hacktivism and the concept of civil disobedience. The fact that civil disobedience is a type of action based on deliberate disobedience of the law for political and social reasons brings to the agenda that the illegal aspect of hacking can be treated as disobedience to the prohibition of access to digital systems. This has led to the conceptualization of hacktivism as a politically motivated act of hacking as electronic civil disobedience. This study examines the context in which hacktivism can be understood as a form of electronic civil disobedience and its legitimacy as electronic civil disobedience. To this end, the paper first discusses the conceptual treatment of hacktivism with historical examples and then discusses the theoretical treatment of civil disobedience in the context of its legitimacy. Finally, the concept of electronic civil disobedience and the limits of evaluating hacktivism on a legitimate ground are revealed. Conceptually, the study argues that hacktivism, as the transfer of civil disobedience into virtual space on a legitimate ground, should be considered electronic civil disobedience.

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Bolt’s paradigm of strategic communications

Author(s): Neville Bolt / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Strategic communicators inhabit a world of tensions. These act as forces which not only push and pull against each other; they define themselves against one other. Hence they are symbiotic: the one cannot exist without the other.

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How Strategic Communications Backfired: The Case of the Russian Sputnik V Vaccine

Author(s): Vera Michlin-Shapir / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This chapter demonstrates how Russia’s government used its domestic-made Covid-19 vaccine, Sputnik V, as an information warfare tool. In August 2020, Russia surprised the world when it became the first country to authorise a Covid-19 vaccine for public use. Russia’s government exploited the early authorisation to draw attention to its vaccine and provoke Western criticism of it. Russian tactics echoed insurgents’ use of Propaganda of the Deed (POTD), namely by using the weight of Western criticism against Western states once Sputnik V was peer-reviewed and proven as safe and effective. But since then, Russia’s use of Sputnik V as an information warfare tool has backfired. Analysis of polls and focus groups suggest that international controversy around Sputnik V has contributed to widespread Russian public distrust in the vaccine. Today, despite being the first country to approve a Covid-19 vaccine, Russia’s vaccination rates remain relatively low, while its Covid-related death rate is among the highest in the world.

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ECRIRE DANS LES JOURNAUX

Author(s): J. R. PICK / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

Le sentiment normal d’un écrivain normal qui écrit dans les journaux, est qu'il est content quand on publie quelque chose de lui.

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Komunikologijske teorije i historiografija

Author(s): Tihomir Cipek / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Author discusses relations among democracy, media and historiography. The main thesis is that historiography has an important role in legitimacy of a political system. On example of the basic communication theories author reveals importance of political communication and the media for a normal functioning of democracy. On the basis of the media selection code author describes the ways historiographical topics are used by modern media. The analysis includes cases from Western Europe and Croatian radio-television. In the conclusion author emphasizes the importance of interpretation of historiographical knowledge in the media for the development of democracy.

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A Brief Analysis of Media Engagement in Political Communication

Author(s): Ahmet İlkay Ceyhan / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Politics plays a significant role in society, and political communication is one of the cornerstones of this process. In democratic political systems, the opinion of the “public” is vital in determining the state administration and organizing politics. The primary objective of politics is to create public opinion. Therefore, the media has become an essential factor in politics today. Political actors use the media effectively to communicate their policies and views to the masses, gather support, and maintain power. However, the media’s influence on politics is not limited to the transmission of information; it also plays a significant role in perception management. The digitalization of communication structures and their rapid diffusion through technological development have led to the expansion of communication and media structures, increasing the capacity of information retention and quality. These factors have necessitated the digitalization of politics and the shaping of a new understanding of political communication. Media is an institution located at the very center of the social structure.

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Political Communication Campaigns in The Age of Artificial Intelligence

Author(s): Emine Kılıçaslan / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The relationship between artificial intelligence and political communication develops primarily in the context of artificial intelligence supporting data-driven decision-making in political communication. Using bigdata, political actors can create global, regional, national and local public opinion, conduct perception management or determine the strategy of an election campaign. Methods using artificial intelligence in political communication support political actors to develop effective and accurate strategies.

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