Security Vetting in Serbia

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English

Accordingly, a project of the Center for Euro-Atlantic Studies from Belgrade (CEAS) entitled Adoption of Law on Security Vetting - Towards Greater Consistency with the Constitution, supported by the Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) Mission to Serbia, aims at opening a wide public debate on security vetting, regulation of this area in other countries, legislative regulation and relevant practice in Serbia, as well as giving specific recommendations for improving the current situation.

The Elephant in the Room: Incomplete Security Sector Reform in Serbia and its Consequences for Serbian Domestic and Foreign Policies

Author(s): Jelena Milić / Language(s): English

Bezbednosne provere u Srbiji

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Serbian

Projekat Centra za evroatlantske studije iz Beograda (CEAS) „Usvajanje Zakona o bezbednosnim proverama - U susret većoj usklađenosti sa Ustavom“, koji je podržala Misija Organizacije za evropsku bezbednost i saradnju (OEBS) u Srbiji, ima za cilj otvaranje šire javne rasprave o oblasti bezbednosnih provera, uređenju ove oblasti u drugim zemljama, normativnom uređenju i stanju u praksi iste u Srbiji, kao i davanje konkretnih preporuka za unapređenje trenutnog stanja.

Nespojive delatnosti pripadnika MUPa u odnosu na pružanje usluga privatnog obezbeđenja

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Serbian

Imajući u vidu proces evropskih integracija Srbije, posebno aktivnosti predviđene Akcionim planom za Poglavlje 24, koji predviđa reforme ključnih elemenata Ministarstva unutrašnjih poslova, u smislu racionalizacije sistema i profesionalizacije kadra; prioritete internih reformi samog središta MUPa; kao i mogućnosti za rasterećenje MUPa koje pruža regulisani privatni sektor bezbednosti i uspostavljeni okvir javno-privatnog partnerstva u sistemu bezbednosti Srbije; ovaj dokument sadrži nekoliko elemenata. Prvo, analizira postojeći problem sukoba interesa koji nastaje obavljanjem dopunskih delatnosti od strane MUPa a koje sada legitimno može da preuzme regulisan privatni sektor bezbednosti. Drugo, analizira postojeće probleme nespojivih delatnosti policijskih službenika i drugih aktivnih službenika javne bezbednosti. Treće, na osnovu analize trenutne situacije, postojećeg normativnog okvira, kao i strateških ciljeva Srbije, ovaj dokument izvodi zaključke i daje konkretne preporuke za prevazilaženje ovakvog stanja; za bolju normativnu uređenost ove oblasti; za dostizanje postavljenih strateških ciljeva; kao i za efikasno unapređenje javno-privatne saradnje u oblasti bezbednosti.

Pozory i konkrety. Polityka bezpieczeństwa i siły zbrojne Danii

Author(s): Piotr Szymański / Language(s): Polish

Priorytetem polityki bezpieczeństwa Danii od lat 90. XX wieku do końca operacji ISAF w Afganistanie w 2014 roku był udział w natowskich i amerykańskich operacjach reagowania kryzysowego poza obszarem traktatowym NATO. Dania rozwijała ekspedycyjny model armii dostosowany do wymogów konfliktów asymetrycznych, redukując budżet obronny i liczbę żołnierzy. Po aneksji Krymu przez Rosję w 2014 roku Dania nie zwiększyła wydatków obronnych i nie zmieniła dotychczasowej strategii rozwoju sił zbrojnych. Zaczęła natomiast przywiązywać większą wagę do sojuszniczego odstraszania w regionie Morza Bałtyckiego, dostosowując się do nowych priorytetów NATO w zakresie wzmacniania obrony zbiorowej. Oznaczało to zwiększenie duńskiej obecności militarnej w państwach bałtyckich, które z perspektywy Kopenhagi mogą stać się obszarem testowania wiarygodności i spójności NATO przez Rosję. Jednak dla Danii konflikt zbrojny NATO–Rosja jest mało prawdopodobny, a za podstawowe zagrożenie dla bezpieczeństwa kraju uznaje terroryzm. Konieczność pogodzenia „ekspedycyjnego DNA” duńskiej armii ze wzmacnianiem wschodniej flanki NATO i nowymi zadaniami sił zbrojnych wywołała dyskusję o brakach materiałowych i kadrowych oraz niewystarczających wydatkach obronnych.

Foundations and Crisis of the European Peace and Security Order

Author(s): Wolfgang Richter / Language(s): English

The year 2015 marks the anniversaries of events that fundamentally changed the ideological paradigms, political arrangements and military postures governing the European security order – 70 years after World War II, 40 years after the Helsinki Final Act (Helsinki) and 25 years after the Charter of Paris for a New Europe (Paris). The current European crisis stimulates us to reflect on the foundations of Europe’s peace and security, analyze the causes for renewed tensions, new or revived threat perceptions and violations of agreed norms and principles, as well as to search for ways out of the crisis. // Whether a return to a cooperative and rule-based peace and security order in Europe is possible will depend on the political will of all major stakeholders to understand mutual threat perceptions, exercise military restraint and seek a new and broad dialogue on all open questions with a focus on the pillars of the order of Paris. It will be crucial to renew mutual security reassurances and find an appropriate balance between the roles of the OSCE, NATO and the EU within the European security architecture.

NATO and EU Contributions to Consolidating Security and Defence in the Euro-Atlantic Area

Author(s): Alexandru Eparu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Today’s world presents a contradictory picture that, along with economically prosperous areas, characterised by stability and integration trends, also includes poor, unstable regions,on the verge of disintegration. International threats and vulnerabilities have not disappeared,they have not diminished, they have changed. Instability has spread, and the danger of war has been replaced by a multitude of risk factors, the importance of which varies from situation to situation. Therefore, situations generate tensions that will become explosive and will inevitably lead to a whole range of domestic and international crises, crises that, as a rule, have ethnic, religious, territorial or economic roots. The multitude of actors involved in the process of ensuring security and defence in the Euro-Atlantic area makes it difficult to coordinate and streamline the initiatives launched foreach area. Hence the need for each “security actor” to try to develop comprehensive strategies to address defence consolidation.

The Role of Digital Diplomacy in the International Security System after the Declaration of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic

Author(s): Cristina Bodoni / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

In this study, we start from the premise that the isolation imposed after the declaration of the pandemic with Covid-19 forced the diplomatic environment to assume its digitization,following a time when the digital diplomacy held a secondary role on Social Media on the Internet. The pandemic has forced the diplomatic and consular environment to accept their full digitization, almost overnight. It has quickly become a powerful tool for innovation and progress, a reliable element of international cooperation. Then, during the research, wehighlight aspects that explain the removal of digital diplomacy from the sphere of public diplomacy. We explain the central mission of contemporary diplomacy with the help of good practices and international cooperation in the field of regional security in the Black Sea region. Then we underline the reasons that could weaken national security. We also set out essential elements that lead us to believe that the digital diplomacy will remain relevant after the end of the pandemic, becoming an important element of interconnection of all stakeholders and apacifist protector of national security.

Maritime Operations and Exercises – Instruments for the Implementation of Regional Security in the Black Sea –

Author(s): Marius Roşu,Dorin Ionita / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

After the end of the Cold War and the fall of the Iron Curtain – realities corroborated by the geopolitical implosion of the former USSR in 1989, the Wider Black Sea Region has experienced a phase of acute transition, now becoming the centre of geopolitical and geostrategic interests of major state and non-state actors with global or regional values, as follows: USA, NATO,EU, Russian Federation, Turkey. The sustained interest in ensuring security in the WBSR isrepresented by the launch and development of various formats of cooperation and exercises that denote an almost continuous presence of Allied forces in the Black Sea basin, respecting the conditions provided by the Montreux Convention. Ongoing training, achieving a higher degree of interoperability through standard procedures and increasing the responsivenessof military and civilian forces through the planning and conduct of maritime exercises and operations in the WBSR is the projection of political will through military initiatives, CIMIC and law enforcement specific instruments.

Implications of the Forces Equipment with New Weapon Systems on the Combat Power Morale Component

Author(s): Claudiu Valer NISTORESCU / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Today’s modern battlefield requirements impose more than a simply convenient force concentration in order to accomplish the mission and obtain a military success. Definitely, the factor of morale remains a force multiplier and an essential element of combat power. In this regard, we highlight that by equipping military forces with modern and performing weapon systems we can obtain a significant combat power increase. The superiority with respect to this military action’s dimension ensures the premises not only for a physical destruction of the opponent, but also for shattering its cohesion and will to fight. Tactical forces’ properequipment in terms of quantity and quality generates results not only for the combat power’s physical component, but also for its morale component. Therefore, my opinion is that the maintenance of morale is strictly related to the quality and reliability of providing forces with new weapon systems and other military equipment.

Romanian Naval Forces Contribution to Strengthening Romania’s Profile as a Proactive Security Provider in the Black Sea Region

Author(s): Mihai Panait / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Nowadays, because of growing uncertainty and instability in the context of a changing geopolitical system, we should reconsider the Wider Black Sea Region as a place in which frictions between cultural, political and economic divergent communities would be more predominant. In addition, there are the consequences of globalisation that create a factual interdependence of countries geographically far away, when the effects of local crisis are immediately perceived at the worldwide scale. Countries around this region, and not only, rely on the maritime domain for trade, economic development, food, job and other types of security. In this context, the latest actions of the Russian Federation in Ukraine and the militarisation of Crimea have substantially modified the framework of security strategies in the area. The numerous frozen conflicts, due to Russian policy, represent a real threat across the region. With the Crimean Peninsula, Russia is able to extend its military reach over much of the Black Sea maritime domain, the South Caucasus littoral, Ukraine, Moldova, and, possibly, far beyond over Romania, Bulgaria and Turkey.

Emerging and Disruptive Technologies’ Impact on the Military

Author(s): Sorinel Popescu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The article addresses the emerging and disruptive technologies domain, highlighting that they will provide opportunities for the development of society and security challenges, as well. In this context, national and international security systems need to adapt and go through an extensive process of transformation, allowing them to mitigate the effects generatedby the implementation of new technologies both in the civilian field, but especially in the military. Subsequently, the development of new technologies will lead to a new revolution inthe military, which will change the physiognomy of the armed conflict. Starting from these premises, the article identifies elements related to the impact that new technologies will have on planning and conducting an armed conflict, but also some opportunities and challenges to the military as a whole. The article concludes that emerging and disruptive technologies will have a decisive contribution in the human society’s transition to a higher level of development, but their malicious use will be one of the major challenges facing national authorities and international security organisations. In the development of the article, I used as study methods the documentation and qualitative analysis of some bibliographic materials that address the field of emerging and disruptive technologies.

The Potential of Hypersonic Weapons and the Great Military Powers Strategy regarding their Production – Case Study –

Author(s): Romică Cernat / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Hypersonic missiles are a new category of weapons that have sparked intense debate among security experts. The hypersonic weapons, this combination of speed, accuracy, surprise, and maneuverability makes the defense against them more difficult than against standard ballistic or cruise missiles and therefore makes them more destabilizing. Capable of traveling over five times the speed of sound (Mach 5), and of performing evasive maneuvers mid-flight, they are considered practically impossible to intercept using conventional missile defense systems. Innovative nuclear and conventional weapon delivery systems are impressive and developing. These are grouped into three categories: intercontinental ballistic missiles, hypersonic delivery systems and new advanced strategic weapon delivery capabilities. These and other technological advances being made simultaneously may also impact arms control and strategic stability. Other characteristics of hypersonic systems, however, are potentially advantageous compared with ballistic missiles. Of particular interest are the ability to fly at low altitude, making detection by earth-based sensors difficult; the ability to maneuver during flight to avoid detection and interception; and the unpredictability of targets, since hypersonic vehicles do not follow a ballistic trajectory.

The Professionalisation and Performance of the Armed Forces – Key Elements in Facing Changing Global Trends

Author(s): Alina-Elena Ionascu (Huluba),Toma Pleşanu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The changing trends in military organisations have accelerated in recent decades against the background of societal changes, changes in the security environment and the rapid development of technology. These phenomena impose new requirements on armies in terms of effective human resources management and a key role is assigned to the provision of a high quality professionalisation process ensuring the performance of the armed forces and thus the ability of the military to fulfil its missions. By exploring literature, this paper starts with a conceptual background of the field that outlines the framework for transforming the training process from the perspective of interrelated key elements. In addition, the paper highlights challenging trends that have an impact on military organisations, emphasising the explorationof the way in which professionalisation is transformed so that military personnel can respond to challenging contexts, thus contributing to the performance of the armed forces. Finally, we propose some guidelines for future scientific approaches on this subject.

The Impact of Technological Development on Managerial Resilience in the Military Organisation

Author(s): Diana Elena Ranf,Dorel Badea / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The current course of the 21st century has challenged humanity as a whole in terms of the operationalisation of large-scale changes, both quantitative and qualitative, one of the directions for changing social functionality being subsumed under global technological governance. Trends specific to emerging and disruptive technologies, technological superiority, digital diplomacy and sovereignty, innovation ecosystems etc. have a major impact on amacro-indicator of analysis of contemporary global performance, namely resilience. The pace of implementing the solutions characteristic to these advanced technologies is a dynamic one, practically influencing all areas of activity. At the military level, there are concerns of interest at the level of NATO member states regarding space systems, robotics and advanced conventional weapons systems (laser, hypersonic weapons), innovative resources, digitisation, artificial intelligence, cyber security etc. In this context, the present article brings to attentionsome presumptive aspects regarding the modification of managerial resilience, in terms of military roles and responsibilities, starting from classical managerial theories. Directions for exploring the subject proposed by the title which are of interest to military decision-makers are also presented.

Multimedia, Catalyst for Resizing the Social Sector of National Security during the Covid-19 Pandemic

Author(s): Cristina Bodoni / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The isolation imposed by the pandemic has produced the “rediscovery” of Internet utilities, the only window to the real world. The first areas that took over were the most connected to the sciences of communication. The media has retreated, quickly adapting to traditional functions. (Tele)Communications and the media, the internet and social networks have become reference media in recent years, environments that cause problems at all levels, from the individual to the most relevant to the international and where very few can keep pace with these evolutions. When we say that there are few who keep up, we turn our attention to the effects of change on the national security sectors. However, the laws and systems of protection of events, dangers and risks are far from implementing the general module, and the existing ones are outdated due to the complex vortex of changes and evolution of technologies that people have entered, where there are no borders, national laws or simple rules. of conduct, universally accepted, given that in the virtual space, the state is almost non-existent.

August 1944 in Constanța – The Case of Rear Admiral Horia Macellariu –

Author(s): Valentin Ciorbea,Dan Dragoș Sichigea / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This paper focuses on the role of the Romanian Royal Navy and of the personality of the most capable commander of its maritime forces during the campaign in the East, in the 23 August 1944 decisive moments – Rear Admiral Horia Macellariu. In the context of the country’s exit from the alliance with Germany and of the political-military changes, and under the impact of the proclamation issued by King Mihai I, in Constanța, the problem for the commanders of the Royal Navy was very sensitive: the detachment from the Romanian-German mixed command. The situation was characterised by uncertainties, the ships of the Maritime Naval Force being interspersed with many more German ships, which had a superior artillery equipment. Rear Admiral Horia Macellariu, the Commander of the Navy and directly responsible for the fate of the crews, was also under the Commander of the 9th Infantry Division. His orders, from the General Staff and the Naval Staff, to disarm or force the German troops to withdraw Southward, in Bulgaria, required special tact and diplomacy. The excellent working relationship between Rear Admiral Macellariu and German Admiral Helmuth Brinkmann helped to avoid a bloody confrontation, which could prove disastrous for the port and the city of Constanța After the withdrawal of the Germans, appointed Superior Commander of the Dobrujaterritory, Rear Admiral Horia Macellariu had the ungrateful task of receiving the Soviet troops, whose generals and admirals considered the Romanian Armed Forces defeated and treated them as such. A series of pressures followed, doubled by insults and hostile attitude on thepart of the Soviet occupant, culminating in the forcible takeover of Royal Navy ships on 5 September 1944.

The Allies’ Cooperation in the Re-entry of Romania Into the War on 28 October/10 November 1918

Author(s): Silviu-Daniel Niculae / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

When he drew up the operations project for the Allied armies in the East, in order to exploit success, after the capitulation of Bulgaria (16/29 September 1918), General Franchet d’Esperey certainly relied on Romania’s support, establishing the Danube Army strength to only three divisions. Indeed, it was the mission of this army to secure both the right flank of the main operation carried out in Belgrade’s direction and the left flank of the secondary operation carried out in the direction of Constantinople, against a possible intervention by the Austro-German armies in Romania. Henri Mathias Berthelot, former head of the French Military Mission in Romania, who had lived both the days of repression and the glory of theRomanian Army, was also a certain proof of the intention of the Allies to cooperate with Romania.The article presents aspects of the cooperation of the Allies with the forces of the Romanian Army that resulted in liberating the Romanian territory from the occupation of the Central Powers and in creating the necessary circumstances for the achievement of Greater Romania.

Особливості формування та реалізації стратегічних пріоритетів забезпечення безпеки та розвитку України та Республіки Польща

Author(s): Olga Novikova,Oksana Panʹkova / Language(s): Ukrainian Publication Year: 0

Specific features of shaping and modification of national security models of Ukraine and the Republic of Poland are determined, the content of the legal framework that defines the security and development strategies of these countries is revealed. The expediency of developing a new essence and structure of strategic documents that ensure social development and guarantees of security of man, society and state is substantiated. The aspiration and priority of the states' policy on their integration into the European Security Environment and NATO has been determined.

PRIVATNA ZAŠTITA KAO FAKTOR SIGURNOSTI U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI

Author(s): Mujo Trebović / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

The security system is an organized and complex hierarchical system, through which society realizes the function of protecting its vital values in order to achieve general progress and prosperity and is permanent in nature. It is not an end in itself, but a consequence of the need to achieve other social goals through it, that is, through its action. The operation of this system is related to unfavorable circumstances contained in various forms of endangerment, with a dual role of existence - deterrence and repression. In modern business conditions, when we belong to the time and generation that lives and works quickly in conditions of great and rapid changes, it is necessary to pay much more attention to the development of the security and protection system of the corporation compared to the current state and tradition.