Experimental Language Deconstructing Patriarchal Discourse in Ntozake Shange‘s for colored girls who have considered suicide/when the rainbow is enuf

Author(s): Silvia Mara Tellini / Language(s): English Issue: 25/2015

By sharing the experiences of women and the black community of her time, represented as a journey towards womanhood on stage, Afro-American playwright Ntozake Shange deconstructs the patriarchal structure of language, by pushing the boundaries of genres as she assembles prose, poetry and stage performance in a “choreopoem” capable of empowering and liberating the trajectories of the represented black women. The present study explores the semiotic and linguistic deconstructions of the patriarchal ideology in for colored girls who have considered suicide/when the rainbow is enuf, aiming at a discussion of the author‘s experimentalism with language outside instituted discursive paradigms regarding women. Considering that the concept of the liberation of the individual is strongly historicized in the play, the characters of the seven ladies are focalized as being tightly related to the feminist movement in North America in the seventies. Furthermore, the implications of ideological impositions and limited roles for women in society are analyzed.

Joseph Woelfl – życie i działalność artystyczna

Author(s): Ewa Bogula-Gniazdowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 02 (37)/2018

The present article constitutes an introduction to the artistic profile of Austrian composer and piano virtuoso Joseph Woelfl. This forgotten creative personality left an artistic legacy of instrumental music, stage works, numerous orchestral compositions, piano concertos, a concerto for piano and violin, and a chamber concerto. Beyond this, he wrote numerous other chamber works scored for various ensembles; but above all, he created an array of works for solo piano or two pianos, as well as piano pieces of pedagogical character.The artist was born on 24 December 1773 in Salzburg, where he began his musical education. In 1790, he left his hometown of Salzburg and, probably following in Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart’s footsteps, set out for Vienna. He did not remain there long, however, because in 1791, he was accepted for service to Prince Michał Kleofas Ogiński in Warsaw. The pianist-composer returned to Vienna probably ca 1795. He set out on his next conquest of European cities in 1799. This period of tours lasted until 1801. At this time he visited, among other cities, Prague, Leipzig, Berlin, Hamburg and Dresden. In 1801, he arrived in Paris, where he spent the next four years of his life. In 1805, he left the French capital and set out for London, where he remained until his death. He passed away on 21 May 1812.In his intensive artistic career, Joseph Woelfl devoted himself mainly to piano performance and composition; beyond this, he also engaged in ped­agogical activity. His abundant artistic output is nearly forgotten today, so it is worthwhile to remind a broader audience of this distinguished figure.

Aspecte ale recuperării unor fragmente de pictură murală de la Biserica de lemn din satul Budurăști, jud. Vâlcea

Author(s): Cosmina- Mădălina Dediu,Gheorghiță Romeo / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 7/2018

The wooden church from Budurăşti village, Stoeneşti commune, Vâlcea county was built in 1755-56 and is dedicated to the „Parvichia Paraschiva”, and is also included in the updated list of historical monuments, LMI 2015, Code VL-II-m-B-09691. Over time, it has been abandoned and suffered continuous degradations, reaching a state of ruin today. In December 2016, the paintings were brought to the Conservation and Restoration Section of the National University of Arts in Bucharest, where the conservation and restoration documentation was drawn up. Thus it was possible to outline the conservation-restoration procedure of the mural fragments retrieved from situ. Conservation-restoration operations consisted of: reinforcing and grinding the support layer, removing the provisional face, fixing the color film, recomposing the image from the recovered fragments, translating the wall painting onto a new support.

Agnieszka Łowczanin, A Dark Transfusion: The Polish Literary Response to Early English Gothic

Author(s): Marek Błaszak / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2019

The review of: Agnieszka Łowczanin. 2018. A Dark Transfusion: The Polish Literary Response to Early English Gothic. Anna Mostowska Reads Ann Radcliffe. Berlin: Peter Lang.

„Întreaga familie să redobândească fericirea care i-a unit la început”. Dezbaterile parlamentare privind regimul căsătoriei în Codul civil (1906) şi consecinţele sociale din perioada interbelică

Author(s): Maria Camelia Zavarache / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 19/2020

The Romanian Civil Law passed during the second half of the XIXth century has remained unchanged until 1906, when the Conservatory executive decided it was time to update the regulations regarding marriage, divorce and legitimacy. The main purpose of the initiative was that of relieving the population living in rural areas of the burden of providing numerous documents in order to get married, reducing thus the number of illegitimate children. However, it was the changes brought to the divorce regulations that have generated a fierce opposition from the members of the Liberal Party, causing the artisans of the law to discard a part of their proposals. Therefore, the final version of the project has been more moderate than the one envisioned initially, leading to important social consequences during the first half of the XXth century. There is no doubt that one of the most significant consequence was the interdiction of a second marriage for divorced couples that reconciled, and the illegitimate children that they produced. For them, the judicial system in effect until the Second World War had no understanding and no solutions.

Procesy o czary na pograniczu północno-zachodniej Wielkopolski i Nowej Marchii w czasach wczesnonowożytnych

Author(s): Andrzej Kamieński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 01/2021

The purpose of this article is not only to bring out so far unknown details and correct confabulations, but also to look at the witch-hunt in the New Marchian – Greater Polish borderland through the prism of types of accusations. It will make possible to search for an answer to a question whether the data from the above defined territory were different from the cases cited in the literature of the subject. A significant group of accusations of witchcraft in the period of interest (16th−18th centuries) concerned using magic or sorcery in the interpersonal conflicts, e.g. over property. In the investigated material accusations of spoiling beer and contacts with the devil were also found. Moreover, the reason for a witch-trial became also magic practices for love and those used in the political games.

Relacje podróżnicze z końca XVI i XVII wieku jako pierwsze opisy architektury i sztuki Szczecina

Author(s): Barbara Maria Ochendowska-Grzelak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 01/2021

The purpose of the article is to analyse the reports of the travellers passing by Szczecin in the period from late 16th century and 17th century with regard to the contained descriptions of the objects of architecture and art. Discussed were passages from twelve diaries of travellers from Germany, Poland, Italy, and England. These accounts vary, but also have some elements in common. The majority of peregrinators depicted Szczecin as a rich port town with picturesque location. Most of them described the Renaissance ducal castle as a dominant element among the town buildings. Its descriptions date back to times when it was a residence of the Griffin dynasty, and subsequently, after the dynasty became extinct, when the town was ruled by the Swedes and the rulers of Brandenburg. From among seven Gothic churches in Szczecin most frequently visited were two most prominent and with central location: St. Jacob’s Church and Marian Church. They were appreciated, particularly emphasized was their size as their distinguishing feature. Although there weren’t in the town instances of “contemporary” 17th-century Baroque architecture – perhaps apart from the bourgeois houses – Szczecin was perceived as “beautifully built”. After the Swedes constructed in early 17th century new defensive fortifications, the travelers described the capital of Pomerania as “well protected”. The visitors paid less attention to the mobile objects of art. The most distinguishing of the discussed reports is that of Filip Hainhofer who was a guest of Duke Filip II and hence stayed in the town for the longest time. As the Duke’s art dealer, he was sensitive to the beauty of objects, which can be explained by his profession but also by his personal sensitivity. However, most of the peregrinators displayed “culture of curiosity” with regard to the objects of art. Artifacts were perceived as peculiarities and curious details, aesthetic judgments weren’t too often formulated. An example of this can be the popularity of the epitaph of the Eckstedt spouses in St. Jacob’s Church, most frequently mentioned in the diaries not because of its craftsmanship but for the anecdote connected to it.

Działalność społeczno-polityczna Ukraińców w Polsce w okresie tzw. karnawału „Solidarności” (ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem Pomorza Zachodniego)

Author(s): Arkadiusz Slabig / Language(s): Polish Issue: 01/2021

The Ukrainian community in Poland, remembering the breakthrough in the nationalities policies that occurred in the years 1956–1958, attempted to benefit from the political turning points that took place in the following decades. The social activists, acting on behalf of their compatriots, sought to undo the effects of the Operation Vistula by: obtaining consent for mass returns to the South-East of the country, reclaiming the lost property, full reconstruction of the Greek Catholic Church, protection of the Ukrainian cultural heritage, and development of education with the Ukrainian language of instruction. Unsuccessful attempts at implementing these postulates were already made in the years 1968–1971. The 1970s, despite initial appearances of renewal of political life, were perceived by the Ukrainians as a time of further regress in their position. Ukrainian system of education rapidly dwindled, the voivodship structures of the Ukrainian Socio-Cultural Association (US-CA ) were cancelled, and the traditional place names in the Polish-Ukrainian borderland were Polonized. Ukrainian activists decided to once again profit from the specific atmosphere of the period 1980–1981, favourable to grassroots societal activity, and implement the most significant postulates of their community (petitions formulated in Przemyśl and Szczecin). They firmly responded to the attempts by the communist authorities to discredit the Ukrainian minority on the nationalistic basis (case of the Member of Parliament Włodzimierz Oliwa). The younger generation attempted to form their own student organization modelled on the Independent Students’ Association. These efforts failed with the authorities’ refusal and imposition of the Martial Law. A lasting achievement of the period of so called “Solidarity” Carnival were fully legal Ukrainian Sections within the licensed student organizations (SZSP/ZSP), reconstruction of the voivodship structures of the US-CA, and improvement of their office housing conditions. It was a convenient starting point for the Ukrainian activists to take active part in the political transformation during the years 1989–1990.

Wielkanocna woda. Posłowie do tłumaczenia opowiadania Uwego Johnsona na język polski

Author(s): Bernd Neumann / Language(s): Polish Issue: 01/2021

ТЕРНОПІЛЬСЬКА ФІЛІЯ ВИЩОГО МУЗИЧНОГО ІНСТИТУТУ ІМЕНІ М. ЛИСЕНКА ЯК КУЛЬТУРНО-ОСВІТНІЙ ЦЕНТР ТЕРНОПОЛЯ (ПЕРША ПОЛОВИНА XX СТОЛІТТЯ)

Author(s): Olena Volodymyrivna Spolska / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 40/2021

The purpose of the article is to analyze the historical and cultural background and the main aspects of the formation of professional piano performance in Ternopil in the late nineteenth - first half of the twentieth century on the example of VMIL branch activity. Methodology. The methodological basis of the publication is historical-stylistic and comparative approaches, methods of historical-cultural discourse (according to V. Cherkasov). The formation of professional piano performance is considered in terms of musicological and stylistic approaches in broader cultural, educational, and musical-pedagogical contexts. The problem of studying the regionalism of music and performance centers and schools as a dynamic historical and cultural phenomenon is actualized. A thorough study of the history of regional piano educational centers and performing schools has been the subject of a number of musicological studies. In particular, the works of N. Kashkadamova, T. Starukh, L. Mazepa, and others are dedicated to the piano art of Lviv, its artistic education, and cultural institutions. Scientific Novelty. Based on the study of scientific and archival sources, we can see that the educational and pedagogical traditions of the Higher Music Institute named after M. Lysenko as the first Ukrainian professional center and its branches in Eastern Galicia have continued in the activities of pianists, teachers, and performers in Ukraine and abroad, mainly Western Of Ukraine. Attention is focused on the opening and initial stage of the branch of the Lysenko Higher Music Institute (VMIL) in Ternopil, in particular, on the activities of piano teachers. Based on historical, comparative, and individual approaches, the role of individual performers, composers, and teachers as the founders of piano performance in the region is highlighted. Thus, the novelty of the article is to trace the initial stage of the formation of piano performance in Ternopil in the late nineteenth - first third of the twentieth century. as a process of transition from the amateur period to academic performance and professional music education. Conclusions are made about the decisive role of the branch of the Higher Music Institute named after M. Lysenko (VMIL) in Ternopil and its founders, in particular, Iryna Krykh (Lyubchakova) and Yuri Krykh, in the development of music education and performance in the region.

Reviews

Author(s): Anna Horeczy,Piotr Kuligowski,Maciej Górny,Svetlana Vassileva-Karagyozova / Language(s): English Issue: 124/2021

Reviews of: 1. Saskia Metan, Wissen über das östliche Europa im Transfer. Edition, Übersetzung und Rezeption des “Tractatus de duabus Sarmatiis” (1517), Wien–Köln–Weimar, 2019, Böhlau, 316 pp., 2 tables, 1 ill., index; series: Bausteine zur Slavischen Philologie und Kulturgeschichte. Neue Folge, Reihe A: Slavistische Forschungen, 91; 2. Catherine Brice (ed.), Exile and the Circulation ofPolitical Practices, Newcastle upon Tyne, 2020, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, UK, 225 pp.; 3. Vedran Duančić, Geography and Nationalist Visions ofInterwar Yugo-slavia, Cham, 2020, Palgrave Macmillan, 285 pp., ills, indexes; series: Modernity, Memory and Identity in South-East Europe; 4. ЕвелинаДжевиецка [Ewelina Drzewiecka], Юбилейноимодерно. Кирило-методиевскиятразказпрезсоциализмавБългария, София, 2020, Кирило-МетодиевскиятнаученцентърприБАН, 232 pp., bibliography, ills; series: Кирило-Методиевскистудии, 29.

Една книга за забравените приятели на България. Александър Гребенаров, Николета Войнова. Чуждестранните почетни членове на Македонския научен институт (1923 – 1947). Македонски научен институт, София, 2021, 380 с. с ил.

Author(s): Slavi Slavov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

Sarajevske spomen-ploče iz osmanskog doba

Author(s): Ismet Bušatlić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 42/2021

Among the numerous and diverse monuments from bygone times in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Sarajevo memorial plaques from the Ottoman period represent a characteristic phenomenon and practice. Ten of them are mentioned in sources and literature. Their purpose was to preserve and bring back memories of the life and work of those who, with their spirituality and learning, testified that they were worthy of the vocations they had (sheikh and mufti), those who were the pride of the class to which they belonged (mudarris, sitte-qadi, muallim), those who measured up to the role that was given to them at a particular historical moment and who showed exceptional courage and heroism (bayraktars), those who rose in rebellion (the Morići brothers), those who were aware of the goals for which they had made sacrifices and the honor they had earned (nakibul-eshraf) and those who spent their youth and childhood in this city and withered like a bud in it (mula’s and wali’s son). They were usually placed in the harem (courtyard) wall facing the street in order to be seen by those who pass by, to be read by those who stop in front of them, to be remembered by those who receive edification and to be kept in mind by those who walk further through life.

Роль перевода в становлении поэтики раннего украинского модернизма начала ХХ в.

Author(s): Hałyna Lesnaya / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2021

The development of modernism in the history of Ukrainian literature at the beginning of the 20th century was accompanied by a discussion in which the younger generation of writers opposed the conservative attitudes of the elders. The variety of artistic trends of that time led to the complexity of defining many aspects of the formation of modernism, including the question of the chronological framework of Ukrainian modernism as a phenomenon, as well as the origins of the ideological shift in Ukrainian culture of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The task of mastering the new content of contemporary “foreign” literature was set by the literary groups “Moloda Muza” and “Ukrayins’ka hata”, who turned the development of the poetics of modernism into their aesthetic credo. It is important to determine what role literary translation, that Ukrainian writers in the early 20th century attached great importance, played in this process.

Dwie wersje Pieśni historycznej…: kult ikony Matki Boskiej Ladeńskiej na tle kultu ikony Matki Boskiej Żyrowickiej

Author(s): Volha Barysenka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 57/2021

The article is devoted to the icon of Our Lady of Lady from the Basilian monastery in Malyia Lady located not far from Minsk (Belarus). The cult of the icon was local and existed from the first half of the 18th century till the first half of the 20th c entury. T he icon was a copy of the icon of Our Lady of Žyrovicy and its cult was closely related to that of the icon of Our Lady of Žyrovicy that strengthened after the coronation in 1730 and occasional discovery of its copy in the Santi Sergio e Bacco church in Rome during the renovation in 1718. These both motives were reflected in the history of icon from Lady. The earliest legendary reference on the origin of the icon cult are contained in two poems dating back to 1744 which have preserved in a hand-written set of religious texts and attached to the article.

NĚMEC, Richard. Die Ökonomisierung des Raums. Planen und Bauen in Mittel- und Osteuropa unter den Nationalsozialisten, 1938 bis 1945. Berlin: DOM publishers, 2020, 498 pp. ISBN 978-3-86922-168-7

Author(s): Mikuláš Jančura / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

Sindicalism şi patronaj politic. Contradicţiile unei dezbateri româneşti interbelice

Author(s): Victor Rizescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 20/2021

The article surveys the general question of the interferences between trade-unions and political parties in interwar Romania. It focuses on a confederation of professional associations that represented the lower middle class and it was repeatedly accused of deriving benefits from legislative privileges obtained because of political patronage. This case of corruption is placed against the background of the discourse regarding the elimination of such practices seen as closely connected with the prevalence of bureaucratic parasitism and of politics divorced from genuine social concerns. The article shows that the political figures and the trade-union leaders involved in the case were themselves representatives of this type of discourse. They promoted it in connection with a large welter of organizations and ideological groups, developed around the corporatist project. The narrative targeting bureaucratic and political parasitism indicated the replacement of party-based parliamentarianism with a profession-based one as the cure of national ills. The contradictory relation between these ideals and the network of social relations from which their exponents emerged is taken as indicative for the nature of the social structure of Romanian at the time.

Recenzje

Author(s): Jakub Polit,Gabriel Szuster,Artur Markowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2021

Review of: Jakub Polit - Julia Lovell, Maoizm. Historia globalna, tłum. Filip Majkowski, Warszawa 2020, Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, ss. 607 Gabriel Szuster - Dorota Sula, Szkice z historii Konzentrationslager Gross-Rosen, Wałbrzych 2019, Wydawnictwo Muzeum Gross-Rosen w Rogoźnicy, ss. 203 Bartłomiej Rusin - Борис Александров, Истината. Личният лекар на цар Борис III за смъртта му, София 2020, Изток-Запад, ss. 106 Artur Markowski - Wiktor Djatłow, Jana Guziej, Tatjana Sorokina, Kitajskij pogrom. Błagowieszczenskaja „utopija” 1900 goda w ocenkie sowremiennikow i potomkow, Sankt Petersburg 2020, NC Swiet, ss. 203

THE MIRACULOUS PATHWAY OF INDIVIDUATION

Author(s): Albena Georgieva / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

Individual growth and maturing, in the terminology of depth psychology called individuation, is a central problem of ancient mythology and art. It can be traced in the folklore genres of the fairy tale and the heroic epos, and in the omnipresent symbol of the tree – axis mundi. Personal socialisation and acquiring maturity, as it will be outlined in this text, is also the central theme of the so-called miraculous healings at sacred places, in narratives about recovering eyesight and hearing or the ability to freely move and walk, and especially as overcoming childlessness. Individual growth, acquiring strength and knowledge, passing through various thresholds and probations is the way of developing in life successfully and normally, it is the way of fulfilling the traditional community’s expectations and ideal.

THE ELEPHANT IN AN EARLY CHRISTIAN TEXT. SEMANTIC AND LINGUISTIC CHANGES

Author(s): Marta Ivaylova / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

In the minds of the people of the East, the elephant has always embodied positive qualities – wisdom, longevity, memory and strength. But in other cultures, where the elephant was unknown, stories arise that present him as a strange creature with fictional properties. Thus, it is presented in The Physiologus (ὁ Φυσιολόγος), the early Christian book on animals. Along with the stories of other legendary and fabulous creatures, The Physiologus contains a short narrative about the elephant, which is also described as a beast with fantastic properties. Observations on the text and its language reveal that in the development of its written tradition, as well as in its translation into Latin, a number of semantic and linguistic changes took place, most often related to its adaptation for the needs of early Christian preaching.