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BILJEŠKE O KRŠĆANSTVU U DNEVNICIMA SØRENA KIERKEGAARDA

Author(s): Ivica Raguž / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2015

The article reflects on Søren Kierkegaard’s notes on Christianity that are found in his Diaries. In the first part, we are presented with Kierkegaard’s understanding of Christianity which we call existential. The existentially understood Christianity for the Danish thinker implies a strong criticism of the modern spirit, as well as of Christianity that has identified with that modern spirit. Existential Christianity represents a double, »radical cure« for a modern man and a modern Christian: obedience and simplicity. The second part reflects on Kierkegaard’s critique of Protestantism, and the third part discusses some determinants of S. Kierkegaard’s thought form, which we have called a living thought. Particular attention is paid to the role of Regina Olsen, and the role of the feminine in general in Kierkegaard’s, as well as any other theological thought.

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PASSION GOTTES? ZUM UNERLEDIGTEN DISPUT UM DIE REDE VOM LEIDENDEN GOTT

Author(s): Jan-Heiner Tück / Language(s): German Issue: 1/2015

Das griechische Wort pathos und das lateinische Wort passio führen zwei Bedeutungen zusammen, für die das Deutsche unterschiedliche Ausdrücke verwenden muss: Leiden und Leidenschaft. Wer leidet, muss nach therapeutischen Maßnahmen Ausschau halten, um die Lebensbeeinträchtigung zu lindern, die mit Leiden fast immer verbunden ist. Wer von Leidenschaften beherrscht wird, verliert leicht die Kontrolle über sich selbst und ist dann nicht mehr Herr seiner selbst. Es ist daher nicht verwunderlich, dass das Gott-Denken der griechischen Philosophie – von Plato über Aristoteles bis zu Epikur und der Stoa – der Rede von einem Leiden Gottes oder gar von göttlichen Leidenschaften mit äußerster Reserve begegnete.

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FILOZOFSKI NAGLASCI U DIACOVENSIJI

Author(s): Stjepan Radić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2014

Programski tekst proslova prvoga broja teološkoga časopisa Diacovensia iz 1993. g., u potpisu uredničkoga vijeća, navodi, između ostaloga, da »časopis želi objavljivati vlastite radove i time obogatiti Đakovačku i Srijemsku biskupiju, kao i cijeli narod Božji, no časopis prihvaća i druge suradnike s područja teoloških i srodnih znanosti.« Izričaj o »prihvaćaju drugih suradnika s područja teoloških i srodnih znanosti«, odražava hvale vrijednu interdisciplinarnost s obzirom na autore i teme, koju je pak Diacovensia gajila od svojih početaka sve do danas.

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METAFORA »KRIST – ZARUČNIK« U SVJETLU PROMIŠLJANJA O HERMENEUTICI RELIGIOZNOGA JEZIKA E. JÜNGELA I P. RICOEURA

Author(s): Dražen Marija Vargašević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2013

The article connects the sanhuanistic metapfor »Christ – the bridegroom« with the hermeneutical theory of religious language of Eberhard Jüngel and Paul Ricoeur. With its rich expressiveness the nuptial metapfor transmitts the intensity of mystical itinerary and presents itself as a challenge to theological perception. Its conduction through several stages of metaphor’s understanding in one hand is revealed as a test of the credibility of the metaphor, and in other hand as a challenge to linguistic theories to new achievements. In concise overview is reveald how the nuptial metaphor relates to defined truth, to Nietzsche’s reduction of metaphor to the level of impulse and to the Aristotelian idea of the necessity and efficacy of metaphor. In addition the article tries to answer the question whether the metaphor could be a part of the event of truth. Ascending the level of Christian theology the present reflections examine the possibility of metaphorical understanding of God. By making connection between the human reality of falling in love, betrothal and marriage on the one hand and the revelation of God on the other hand, it was imposed the problem of the crisis that the world falls into and the extravagance that all previously described venture conceals.

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SLOBODA I RACIONALOST U SVJETLU EVOLUCIONIZMA KAO TOTALNOGA SVJETONAZORA ILI: PITANJE O ČOVJEKU U SVJETLU STVARANJA I EVOLUCIJE?

Author(s): Tonči Matulić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2012

The author engages in polemics with the idea of evolutionism as a total worldview in the light of Christian understanding of man as a person created in God’s image. The author does not controvert the postulates of the theory of evolution within the strict borders of natural science, but rather with the theory of evolution that is emerging as an ideology with hegemonic pretensions on the ultimate truth about the origin of life and man. For greater clarity of presentation the article is divided into five parts, not including the introduction with some epistemological explanations and the concluding thoughts. The first part unmasks the fallacy of evolutionism as a total worldview, with emphasis on the clear distinction of levels of reality and modes of cognition. The second part puts emphasis on fear caused by evolution and the need to free oneself from that fear for the reason of sober and rational distinction between fact and fiction, true and false. The third part brings some polemical accents against evolutionism as a total worldview, and the fourth part narrows and specifies the problem further, regarding the interpretation and understanding of the nature in general, and human nature in particular. After that, in the fifth and last part, the author gives a short account of the Christian view of man as a being created in God’s image in the light of biblical revelation and then explains in detail the Christian understanding of man as a person in the light of its irremovable metaphysical nature, i.e., spiritual-corporal or transcendental- immanent unity. On grounds of these considerations the author moves on to remind that man as a biological species homo sapiens indeed grows from below, but as a human person with its specific metaphysical nature they are born from above.

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DOPRINOS MISLI FRIEDRICHA NIETZSCHEA RAZUMIJEVANJU NIHILISTIČNOSTI POSTMODERNE I NJEZINA ODNOSA PREMA KRŠĆANSTVU

Author(s): Mladen Milić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 3/2012

This paper presents the idea of nihilism as a reality perspective in the philosophy of Nietzsche, the analysis of a postmodern situation and the possible answers to this situation. This philosopher with his unsystematic thinking, as well as with his life, became one of the leading, most consistent thinkers whose analysis predicted the modern situation in the spiritual life and the period of postmodernism. Besides warning us about the ideological and ontological crisis, Nietzsche’s nihilism warns us also about the crisis of our times. In the postmodern world, we can see on the one side the imperfection, but on the other side nihilism which we cannot overcome. Within these frameworks, Nietzsche’s philosophy in spite of not being sufficient and not offering us any solution could help us to understand, rethink and overcome the postmodern reality. One of the ways could be to study Nietzsche’s attitude toward Christianity and its basic ideas. The paper presents the Nietzsche’s nihilism and the still present reality of his thoughts, as well as the analysis of his nihilistic philosophy, based on G. Vattimo’s approach.

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VJERA DANAS TUMAČENA LOGIKOM PARADOKSA

Author(s): Branko Murić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 3/2012

The subject of the paper is to show how the logic of paradox opens new horizons in the understanding and interpretation of the logic of the Christian faith. The theme is gradually developed in three sections. The introduction discusses the situation in which the modern man is torn between belief and disbelief, between the absurdity of life (A. Camus) and the state of misery in which he opens the door of faith (B. Pascal). The first chapter begins with the reasoning of hope of the Christian faith or apology (1 Pt 3:15) as the original mission of Christian life. Apology reveals in a maieutic way the logic of Christian hope and faith by combining three elements: the contemplative-adorational, the relationship between apology and martyrdom, and dialogue with others. The second chapter addresses the paradox as the context of the birth of Christian faith. The thesis is based on two examples from the Gospel of Luke (Lk 5:26) and the »Letter to Diognetus«, and searches for Platonic roots of the meaning of paradox. The examples mirror two basic meanings of paradox: disturbance or intrusion into reality and antinomy. The discussion about paradox shows its logic and provides fertile ground in understanding the logic of the Christian faith, which is, on the basis of the previous analysis, examined in the third chapter. It points to the fact of separation of faith and reason that occurred in Modernism, which can lead to the dangerous rationalistic or fideistic perception of faith.

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O »TEORIJI« I SVEUČILIŠTU NEKOĆ I DANAS

Author(s): Ivica Raguž / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 3/2011

Jednom su pitali grčkoga filozofa Anaksagoru zašto je on na svijetu. Na to je on odgovorio: »eis theorian«, zbog gledanja sunca, mjeseca i neba. Danas nije samo čudnovato ovo pitanje, budući da njega rijetko tko uopće izričito i u svoj svojoj ozbiljnosti postavlja, nego je još čudnovatiji Anaksagorin odgovor: zbog »teorije«. Čovjek je dakle u ovomu svijetu zbog motrenja, to je njegov prvotni smisao. Kao što znamo, često se u povijesti ljudskoga duha događalo da određene riječi jednostavno »izblijede« il i čak samo nestanu.

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KARL BARTH – UVOD U ŽIVOT I DJELO

Author(s): Željko Tanjić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2007

Karl Barth is definitely one of the greatest Protestant theologians, not sufficiently known among the Croatian Catholic public. His lifestyle, points of view and opus have made their mark on the theology of the twentieth century and have had a large impact on its development both in the Protestant and the Catholic spheres, particularly when it comes to understanding of the Word of God. This article presents the most significant elements of his biography, especially those featuring his personality and the influence of his thinking on his life and the life of the Church. The author strives to outline the main characteristics of Karl Barth’s theological thought being aware that it is a virtually impossible task to complete on just a few pages.

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VJERA KAO LJUDSKO ISKUSTVO: FILOZOFSKO-ANTROPOLOŠKI PRISTUP

Author(s): Ivan Macan / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2013

In the present paper the author deals with the topic of »Religion as a human experience, « trying to interpret the main thematic concepts, which are: experience, human experience, religious experience, »transcendental« experience, belief, faith, faith experience, and above all faith in God. He is faced with a variety of opinions, especially in the field of philosophy, particularly those philosophers who are critical of any religious viewpoint. Particular att ention is devoted to criticism of religious language (speaking about God or theological statements) seeking solutions of the problems. It has been pointed out that in a purely philosophical approach is difficult to justify religious claims and att itudes. At the end the author briefly touches on the difficulties in the field of psychology, addressing the most famous Swiss psychologist of religion C. G. Jung.

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AGNOSTICIZAM I VJERSKI INDIFERENTIZAM

Author(s): Lino Veljak / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2013

This paper will try to investigate the nature of relation between secularization, agnosticism (as well as atheism) and the growth of religious indifferentism and practical indifference concerning the questions of faith and transcendental dimensions of being. Secularization didn’t produce indifferentism (with the exception of the growth of relativism and pluralization of conceptions of world), but the Enlightenment influenced the progression of religious indifferentism and in the same time the growth of practical indifference; modern materialistic atheism produced antitheistic practices, especially in the countries of socalled real socialism. The repression against religion and religious practice didn’t produce the marginalization of religiosity, but practical materialism of modern and postmodern consumerist societies is producing the progression of contemporary moral relativism and indifference. The open question whether religious people are in the moral sense better than irreligous people could be resolved through the answer to the question: are evil, violence and inhumanity in our times of progression of theoretical agnosticism and practical indifferentism more visible than in classic times of unity between State and Church? The question of morality could be resolved only through practice, not through doctrinarian discussions about faith and agnosticism.

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NEKI VIDOVI TEOLOGIJE VJERE TOME AKVINSKOGA

Author(s): Ivica Raguž / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2013

The article discusses some aspects of the theology of faith of Thomas Aquinas. Thomas' concept of faith is placed within the broader context of the issues of faith of modern man. Thomas’ thought helps us critically reflect on some of the issues of modern theology of faith, life of the Church and society. The first part analyzes the ecclesiastical dogmatic aspect of faith and the second the reflective aspect of faith, that is, the role of thought in faith. The third part discusses the suspicion of faith, approaching the subject from the perspective of theologians Karl Barth and Joseph Ratzinger. The fourth part presents Thomas’ definition of the relationship between faith and love, with a special reference to the issues of that same definition in the Church today. Th e fifth and last part brings the vision of Thomas’ explicit faith and the importance of theology for spirituality. Namely, theology serves love, insofar as it increases »the reasonableness of love.«

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PROBLEM ODNOSA VJERE I ISKUSTVA U TEOLOGIJI W. KASPERA

Author(s): Davor Vuković / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2013

In this paper, we want to analyze the question of the relationship between faith and experience in the theological thought of Walter Kasper. In the modern world, the Christian faith is in deep crisis. However, it is also a matter of the crisis of faith in general, as well as the situation of relativism, secularism and atheism, which characterize the modern world. In such an environment the Christian faith is less and less associated with human experience. Faith, however, which is not grounded in experience, becomes an external supplement of life and as such is meaningless. Kasper thus enters into the analysis of the concept of experience, pointing to its original historical dimension. Experience is always realized historically and concretely, in the tension between objective reality and subjective experience. Christian faith is, in this sense, also notably historical. It is born and carried in history, in contact with the living and concrete experience.

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TEOLOGIJA: PRIVILEGIRANO MJESTO VJERE

Author(s): Edvard Punda / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2013

The article reflects on theology and theological work as a place of living, reflecting and communicating faith. The first part points to the misunderstandings of theology that are based on the reductionist understanding of faith. Faith always begins with God’s relationship to man. Theology is, therefore, as a place where the revealed truth is communicated to man, by its nature, a place of God’s presence. The second part speaks about the interaction of faith and theology, specifically about their mutual inseparability. Theology is always theo(s)-logy: it departs from what God said (says) about Himself in the history of salvation. This is the core of the third part, which considers salvation as the central category connecting faith and theology, experience and science. The fourth part deals with the issue of the very scientificity of theology, with special emphasis on the issue of method. The final part, through the question of who is a true theologian, provides coordinates for a more correct and as complete as possible understanding of theology and theologians.

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NIETZSCHEOV GOVOR O BOGU. UKAZ PROBLEMATIČNOSTI BANALNOGA ATEIZMA I BANALNE VJERE

Author(s): Mladen Milić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2013

According to M. Heidegger, the philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche with his cry »God is dead!« expresses the fate of the whole of Western civilization and man’s attitude towards the truth of being. His speech about God is not an affirmation of banal atheism, but a reflection on the state of modern man. The death of God in Nietzsche's thought is not so much an atheist manifesto, as it is a necessary consequence of the abolition of metaphysical definitions of concepts which, according to him, Platonism and Christianity moved into transcendence, beyond the possibilities of understanding and mind’s grasp. The result of this crisis, according to J. B. Metz is the banal atheism, characterized by the discrepancy between the talk about God and reality. When it comes to the conception of God there occurs a certain disproportion, since there is talk about God, but, in fact, there is no idea of what to say.

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POSVEĆIVANJE STVORENJA U VREMENU EKOLOŠKA TEOLOGIJA ABRAHAMA JOSHUE HESCHELA

Author(s): Željko Tanjić,Đurica Pardon / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 2/2013

The world, which today’s generation of people lives in, is threatened and in constant danger of destruction, noted Abraham Joshua Heschel, at the mid-twentieth century, and for the salvation of man and the environment of his life suggested a different value system that takes into account not only space, but as the essence and the heart of existence sets time. Judaism, as a religion of time, teaches how consecration of time happens in celebration of Shabbat, the Day of the Lord, which God has blessed and made holy. Heschel’s ecological theology considers the world of things as sacred, but only if the world is consecrated in time. Therefore, A. J. Heschel sees the Shabbat as a starting point from which he observes the world and from which he builds his ecological theology, considering the Day of the Lord as the pinnacle of creation and highest manifestation of God’s holiness, when primarily the time, then a man and finally space is made holy. This paper as a starting point of analysis takes the book »The Sabbath: Its Meaning for Modern Man« by Abraham Joshua Heschel in effort to provide an overview of the beginnings of ecological and theological thinking in the mid 20th century.

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TOLSTOJEVO MJESTO U RUSKOJ RELIGIJSKOJ FILOZOFIJI PROLEGOMENA U MIŠLJENJE

Author(s): Josip Berdica / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2010

In the year in which we mark the centenary of his death by this paper we wish to start new readings of Leo N. Tolstoy (1828-1910) within the framework of Russian religious philosophy late in the 19th and 20th centuries. The paper deals with Russian religious and intellectual milieu that had rendered strong impact on development of Tolstoy’s thought and work, then crucial philosophical influence on his world view that was created under the infl uence of Rousseau and Schopenhauer in particular. The concluding part of the paper emphasizes Tolstoy’s great religious crisis out of which the »late Tolstoy« was born as well as selection of disputes over his philosophy. This paper aims at fragment marking of the basic guidelines and motivating new research into this Russian thinker in order to indicate his contemporariness. The topics started herewith as well as the finally offered theses present the outline for the research of this thinker and serve to intensify discussion on his position in Russian religious philosophy.

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TEMELJNI ASPEKTI FILOZOFIJE RELIGIJE KOD VLADIMIRA SOLOVJEVA S POSEBNIM OSVRTOM NA PREDAVANJA O 'BOGOČOVJEŠTVU'

Author(s): Josip Oslić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2010

In this essay author is trying to reconstruct and evaluate elements of philosophy of religion in Vladimir Solovyov’s treatise »Lectures on the Divine Manhood«. Solovyov, Russian theologian, philosopher and poet, was, above all, a religious thinker. Having that in mind, one may say - although he has written no book by that title - that an essential part of Solovyev’s philosophical doctrine is his philosophy of religion. Solovyev’s main influences are Plato and christian thought. Because of that, his philosophy of religion is dialogically orientated and fundamentally conected with ethical investigations. In his »Lectures on the Divine Manhood« Solovyev is trying to philosophicaly elucidate phenomenon of religion and consequently, to establish meaning, role i task of philosophy of religion. Its central concept is an idea of the »divine principle« that is opposed to »chaos«. »Divine principle« is »eternal all-unity« and »acting power of unity of everything that is«.

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FILOZOFSKI SISTEM DOSTOJEVSKOG (POKUŠAJ REKONSTRUKCIJE)

Author(s): Trajče Stojanov / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2010

This text is an attempt to locate, not only the philosophical ideas in the works of Dostoyevsky, but it is an attempt to reconstruct his philosophy as a whole. In this text we argue that Dostoyevsky has a philosophical system, which he builds in his novels. Is it possible to reconstruct a system from a novel, and how it is possible? That is why we will try to find a method of reconstruction of his novels that will helps us to »extract« the base elements of his philosophy. That is why the organization and approach in this text is structured in such a manner to, on one side, give a review of the important moments of the author’s personal life which, according to us, were the key factors in determining Dostoyevsky’s philosophy, and, on the other side, enable us to get insight into the bases of that philosophy we showed as a complete whole. That is why the text combining chronological and problem approaches that in turn have their advantages and disadvantages. Perhaps choosing only one approach would produce a more coherent text, but it would certainly impoverish it in relation to the necessary links between life and creative work, which for us is especially important to emphasize. Dostoyevsky’s creative work was born and it grew »parallel« to his life. He deeply experienced the ideas that were artistically expressed

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ETIČKI KRISIS KOD DOSTOJEVSKOG

Author(s): Željko Senković / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2010

The article considers some basic issues appearing in Dostoevsky’s work which show the aporetical element. Thus Dostoevsky, the seeker of sense, speaks of love (at least) from two perspectives. Love is the key element of living according to the Word of Christ, but it is simultaneously denounced as an egotistic impetus of subordination and tyranny of the Other. The revealer of the crises of the soul and spirit investigated the existential pathos and showed through the controversies that to be man and to be free is one and the same thing. An argument is provided against the trivial theses from Golosovker’s study ‘Dostoevsky and Kant’, and all because of insisting on ‘considering crisis’ as an appropriate qualification of the great writer. Freud’s analysis of Dostoevsky is evaluated as an excessive exaggeration or repudiation of crucial moments. The biographical research has proven to be a valuable area which provides a broader view.

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