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Образите на светите братя Кирил и Методий – идеологизация на миналото, изразена в нумизматиката

Author(s): Wojciech Józwiak / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 9/2014

The great work of the Solun Brothers – Saints Cyril and Methodius – undoubtedly played an important part in the creation of the national identity and national awareness for many Slavic nations. Considering importance of the Cyril and Methodius heritage, it seems surprising how little their images were used on national coinage – one of the most common and most important symbols of independent nations. The only countries that paid a tribute to Solun Brother’s legacy, while creating their national identity were Slovakia, Bulgaria and Macedonia; by placed them in certain cultural, political and ideological context on collector’s items as well as on everyday currency.

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Geografia literatury polskiej: rozpoznawanie Wschodu

Author(s): Anna Nasiłowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 5/2015

Nasiłowska discusses encounters with the East as portrayed in late-nineteenth and early-twentieth-century Polish literature, focussing on Wacław Sieroszewski and Antoni Ferdynand Ossendowski. Experiences of forced settlement in Siberia, or of finding oneself in Asia as a consequence of historical circumstances, gave rise to a literary trope that anticipated such academic fields as cultural anthropology or international relations. As a rule, Polish writers did not identify with the Imperial (in this case mainly Russian) point of view. Their chances of survival depended on cooperation with various indigenous national and ethnic groups, and on accepting their own cultural difference. This is not to say that Polish culture was not Eurocentric, as is evident from incidents of anti-Chinese sentiment. Nonetheless, Polish writers painted a complex picture of Asia. Although the Russian Revolution hampered their curiosity and exploration, echoes of their earlier experiences were heard until the late 1920s.

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Próba epopei. O narracjach założycielskich tzw. Ziem Odzyskanych

Author(s): Kamila Gieba / Language(s): Polish Issue: 5/2015

Focussing on the literature of the so-called Recovered Territories, i.e. the territories that were incorporated into Poland following the Yalta Conference, this article identifies the traits of settler narratives. Literary works describing settlers in the Western and Northern Territories were perceived as key to legitimizing Poland’s new postwar borders. Gieba discusses the fact that writers who tackled the motif were expected to reflect the cultural and political norms of the People’s Republic of Poland, and even to create a new national epic portraying the incorporated territories’ assimilation with the rest of the country – their heroic ‘re-polonization’. Having outlined how the epic was supposed to function as a founding narrative for the Recovered Territories, Gieba also explores the reasons for the project’s ultimate failure.

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Fikcja awangardy?

Author(s): Alina Świeściak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6/2015

This article tackles the problem of the avant-garde in most recent Polish poetry. In the first part Świeściak recapitulates arguments in favour of categorizing contemporary art and literature as avant-gardist, then she examines recent poetry from three points of view: as an avant-gardist experiment; in terms of the relationship between autonomy and heteronomy (a problem of the political dimension); and in terms of the influence of new media (cyberpoetry). These perspectives reveal that this poetry contains avant-gardist categories of thought, and they highlight a tendency to draw on avant-garde tools. Nonetheless, Świeściak argues, we are not justified to treat contemporary literature as another phase of the avant-garde. Today’s art and literature both demand new ways of aesthetic cognition and categorization.

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Polscy akcjoniści. Przyczynek do genealogii i teorii polskiej sztuki krytycznej

Author(s): Marcin Kościelniak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6/2015

Karol Sienkiewicz’s book Zatańczą ci, co drżeli [Those Who Trembled Shall Dance] has revived the debate on the genealogy of Polish critical art. Kościelniak enters into the conversation by placing two dramatic works within this framework, namely Tadeusz Różewicz’s Do piachu [Into the Sand] and Helmut Kajzar’s Koniec półświni [The End of the Half-Pig]. He argues that there is structural and political similarity with the Viennese Actionists – the pioneers of critical art. Kościelniak grounds his interpretation of Różewicz and Kajza in Julia Kristeva’s theory of the abject. Addressing the fact that art of the abject tends to be automatically associated with critical art, Kościelniak discusses the limits of art’s critical function.

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Między nature a nurture. Transfer międzypokoleniowy, epigenetyka i „więzy krwi”

Author(s): Anna Artwińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2016

This article explores two family or generational narratives – Anna Janko’s A Minor Extermination and Sergey Lebedev’s Oblivion – to tackle the question of intergenerational transmission, including from a biological perspective. Artwińska is interested in the inscription of figures and metaphors belonging to the genealogical discourse, as well as in their function in and beyond the text. Janko’s work can be read as a literary manifestation of the concept of epigenetics, while Levedev’s presents the metaphorization of problems related to the image of ‘blood ties’. The two family narratives exemplify how topical the notion of generation is in its genealogical dimension.

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O pokoleniach z perspektywy niemieckiej

Author(s): Anna Artwińska,Agnieszka Mrozik / Language(s): Polish,German Issue: 1/2016

Review: Pokolenia albo porządkowanie historii [Generations or the Ordering of History], ed. by Hubert Orłowski, Robert Traba and Holger Thünemann, Introduction by Hubert Orłowski, trans. Izabela Drozdowska-Broering and Jerzy Kałążny, Poznańska Biblioteka Niemiecka, ed. by Hubert Orłowski, Wydawnictwo Nauka i Innowacje, Poznań 2015

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Na początku był błąd…

Author(s): Monika Rudaś-Grodzka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

Plato’s Timaeus, a dialogue on the creation of the world and the soul of the world, mentions a hidden mistake or defect inscribed into the structure of the cosmos. Gnostic philosophers examined this passage in the first and second centuries. In the Syrian-Egyptian writings of the Nag Hammadi Library, this mistake, on which matter is founded, becomes key to understanding the world as emptiness (kenoma). A similar perspective can be found in Isaac Luria’s Kabbalistic ideas as well as in the works of Franz Kafka. The latter’s short story ‘The Cares of a Family Man,’ a testimony to spiritual experience in which the author approaches the limits of what is human, has been variously interpreted by Theodor Adorno and other philosophers. Walter Benjamin and Gershom Scholem have made Odradek a reference point in their theological discussions. Rudaś-Grodzka’s anamorphic approach, meanwhile, presents a new reading of the story.

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Kronika

Author(s): Martin Pekár,Mikuláš Jančura,Katarína Matavová,Maroš Melichárek,Nikoleta Dzurikaninová,Ivana Červenková,Adam Gajdoš,Alžbeta Bojková / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2014

SLOVENSKÝ ŠTÁT 1939 – 1945, PREDSTAVY A REALITA. ČESKÉ, SLOVENSKÉ A ČESKOSLOVENSKÉ DĚJINY 20. STOLETÍ IX. ARS MONTANA. UMĚLECKÝ A KULTURNÍ TRANSFER V OTEVŘENÉM PROSTORU ČESKO-SASKÉHO KRUŠNOHOŘÍ NA PRAHU RANÉHO NOVOVĚKU (1459–1620). 19th BIENNIAL BALKAN AND SOUTH SLAVIC CONFERENCE ON LINGUISTICS, LITERATURE AND FOLKLORE. HOSŤOVSKÉ PREDNÁŠKY NA KA TEDRE HISTÓRIE FF UP JŠ. XVIII. ARCHÍVNE DNI V SLOVENSKEJ REPUBLIKE. HOLOKAUST NA ÚZEMÍ DNEŠNÉHO JUŽNÉHO SLOVENSKA. DISKUSNÉ VEČERY ÚSTAVU PAMÄTI NÁRODA A KATEDRY HISTÓRIE FF UPJŠ V KOŠICIACH. VÝUČBA REGIONÁLNYCH DEJÍN NA ZÁKLADNEJ ŠKOLE – FORMY, METÓDY, KONCEPCIE, SKÚSENOSTI. THE GREAT WAR: REGIONAL APPROACHES AND GLOBAL CONTEXTS. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE OCCASION OF THE FIRST CENTENNIAL OF THE BEGINNING OF WORLD WAR ONE.

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METAFORA ŞTIINŢIFICĂ ÎN CONCEPŢIA LUI ARISTOTEL

Author(s): Cristinel Munteanu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 35/2016

In this article, I intend to briefly present Aristotle’s view on metaphors, in general, and then focus mainly on his (implicit) theory of scientific metaphors. There is no doubt that such (short) presentations have already been made. In this context, the originality of my presentation will reside in the different perspective from which I approach the subject-matter. In other words, my aim is to clarify certain aspects of Aristotle’s theory of metaphors, namely those aspects that may seem strange to today’s readers who understand metaphor in a dissimilar way. For instance, one can sometimes notice that the ancient Greek philosopher praises the use of metaphors, while other times he does not agree with their use. I will try to demonstrate that Aristotle is not at all contradictory in his suggestions, if we were to consider the essence of each of the three types of discourse (lógos pragmatikós, lógos poietikós and lógos apophantikós) which the great philosopher always considered.

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TEXTUL LITERAR ȘI ECRANIZAREA – FIDELITATE ȘI ECHIVALENȚĂ

Author(s): Maria Cătălina Radu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2013

This article aims at presenting the transposition of the literary work in the film, identifying the common elements between these two arts, as well as the incompatibility of these two semiotic systems. One of the main aspects of this article is the problem of the fidelity of adaptation in relation to the literary source. From this problematic, I developed the central theme of the article - the impossibility of finding a perfect equivalence between the text and the image. However, on the basis of this relation of equivalence and fidelity, I have analyzed the similarities between the process of adaptation and that of translation. The conclusion of this article is that literature and cinema are two different systems, two distinct arts, but similar in originality.

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Aneksja kolektywu czy dyktat wybiórcy? Z zagadnień antologii tłumaczeń (na przykładzie nowych wyborów poezji rosyjskiej)

Author(s): Ewa Goczał / Language(s): Polish Issue: 157/2017

The article attempts to present the comparison of two translator’s achievements: Zbigniew Dmitroca’s Radio Swoboda and Jerzy Czech’s Wdrapałem się na piedestał. The anthologist’s work is considered here as both the act of translation and revelation — joining the translation of literary texts and their compilation in anthologies with scrutinizing the particular writers and literary phenomena as well as the process of translation itself, and introducing a new, transforming quality to the native poetry. A translator-anthologist can be perceived in that perspective as a link between two literary cultures, and also as an initiator of changes and an independent creator who develops, in his own language and on his own conditions, a certain new Polish canon of Russian poetry

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Театърът на Радко Радков. История, памет, интерпретации. Теофанó

Author(s): Galia Simeonova-Konach / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2017

The article is dedicated to the problems of historical drama, one of the ways of interpreting the past. The study is placed in the context of the sociology of culture and the historical memory of society, with a focus on the transposition and the symbolical representation of the history of Byzantium and the Second Bulgarian Kingdom (1181 – 1396) in literature. The subject of the analysis are the works of the Bulgarian poet and playwright Radko Radkov (1940 – 2009), above all his play Theophano, written in the convention of classical drama in verse and the so-called ritual drama, according to the title of the author, a synthesis of text borrowed from Old Bulgarian Literature, and Byzantine hymnograohy, inspired visually by the images of the Middle Age Miniatures included in Codex Vaticanus Slav II. The historical theme in the work of Radko Radkov is substantially different from the interpretation of the Bulgarian history of other Bulgarian writers of the second half of the 20th Century, by which the author is opposing the ideological constructs of the official authorities during this period. The playwright has found semiotic and stylistic devices that recreate the classical past of the people, the orthodox Christianity and culture in the universal perspective of the Byzantine Commonwealth, and artistically voice his historiosophic views concerning Bulgarian national history and the Byzantine-Bulgarian cultural community. The paper analyses the tribulations of the performance of Theophano, staged in Bulgaria by the French Director Pierre Della Torre, who sees in the poetic world of Radko Radkov “the monumental force of the masters of French theatre, Racine and Corneille“.

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Говори се за нещо

Author(s): Stiliyan Stoyanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2017

The paper focuses on the novel “Uncles” in the context of Vazov‘s poetry and prose of the 80s of the nineteenth century. Emphasis is placed on speaking in the story. It argues that through the words the characters say their claims of self-importance. They can talk about everything, because their words did not originate anything. Another commented thesis is the metamorphosis of uncles, traced in “Uncles” and the novel “Under the Yoke” and Vazov concept of philosophy of history.

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Dwu(wielo)języczny teatr w zglobelizowanym kontekście brytyjskim, czyli o różnych stylach dramatu migracyjno-transkulturowego

Author(s): Elwira Grossman / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

Focusing on selected bi(multi)lingual plays recently performed in the UK, the essay deals with the broader theme of intercultural communication and Polish migrants’ contribution to the local target culture. Grossman examines the possibility of creating a new transcultural form of theatre as an artistic means of facilitating mutual understanding and intercultural experiences. She suggests replacing the question of artistic merit by the shows’ function in reinforcing intercultural dialogue. The performances discussed are shown not only to strengthen the migrants’ integration but also to secure their feeling of emotional and cosmopolitan belonging to a globalized world without undermining their sense of human dignity and their belief in social equality.

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W poszukiwaniu migracyjnego pisania. Kosmopolityka pewnego przypadku literackiego na Wyspach

Author(s): Dorota Kołodziejczyk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

Locating the discussion about Polish literature written on the British Isles after 2004 at the intersection of postcolonial and post-dependency studies, the article aims to show the need to formulate critical paradigms that would be able to include those works’ intensively developing worldliness. This term, which is key for migration writing, was coined by Edward Said and signifies an active awareness of the world (agency and subjectivity). It develops in migration writing as ‘cosmopolitics’ – the cosmopolitanism of contemporary mass migrations. Presenting Piotr Czerwiński’s fiction as a case study, Kołodziejczyk traces processes of going beyond the nation/emigration dichotomy in today’s mobility, nomadism and other forms of migration.

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Ojczyzna i obczyzna: Irlandia, Polska i Inni

Author(s): Declan Kiberd / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

The migrations into the Celtic Tiger (Ireland during its economic boom) seems to have occurred in two phases. The first (ca. 1996 to 2002) saw incomers who were proud of their culture of origin and curious about the Irish tradition. It was followed by a phase of ‘bling’ (2002 to the collapse in 2008) characterized by fast money and little cultural interchange. Society in general seemed more superficial and materialistic, and literature failed to embrace the ‘other’ as prelude to new fusions. This is surprising, given that many Irish classics – from Swift and Edgeworth to Joyce and McGahern – celebrate the encounter with the ‘other’. Fibered argues that Irish myths and experiences might still be reconfigured by incomers, even as their cultural narratives are enriched by their encounter with Ireland. The fusion of the various discursive traditions might lead to new forms in literature and culture, as well as a renewal of consciousness.

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Twórczość Polaków na Wyspach Brytyjskich. Transnarodowy zwrot w polskiej literaturze

Author(s): Joanna Kosmalska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

The article refers to a selection from over 80 books of poetry, prose and drama published since 2004 by Polish authors who have lived (or still live) in the UK and Ireland. Kosmalska focuses on how the ‘new’ aspects of transnationalism (advances in transportation, the breaking down of barriers to the flows of people, development of electronic media, and globalization of economic and social relationships) have influenced writing by Polish migrants. The texts in this corpus were conceived from the clash between the writers’ national context and other, alien contexts, and they illustrate how the driving forces of transnationalism have shaped contemporary Polish literature.

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autoproletaryzacja w prozie Polaków migrujących do Niemiec, Irlandii i Wielkiej Brytanii

Author(s): Dirk Uffelman / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

This article investigates prose by Polish migrant writers by scrutinizing depictions of low-paid work, not only in the fictional texts but also in biographical sketches about the authors in blurbs and anthologies. Uffelmann adduces sociological studies on the ‘contradictory social mobility’ of Polish work migrants to show that devices of social self-degradation in migrant literature allude to the no-less-contradictory social situation faced by many migrant workers. His methodological approach is rooted in postcolonial theories, especially those that focus on paradoxical appropriations of identity. The main focus of the article is on ‘self-proletarianization’ and its function as an apotropaic twist: writers who ‘proletarianize’ either their protagonist(s) or themselves aim to achieve paradoxical recognition as artists.

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Proza migracyjna: źródła i znaczenie

Author(s): Mieczysław Dąbrowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

Dąbrowski examines migrant literature in the context of Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari’s notion of major/minor literature and the key Polish tradition which is Romanticism. Migrant literature, created as a polemic with the Romantic or national code and in the context of the experience of the host country’s Otherness or Foreignness, can be seen as a contemporary form of Polish ‘minor literature’.

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