„Utracone” i „odzyskane”. O dwóch wierszach Floriana Śmiei

Author(s): Marian Kisiel / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Defining the subtle shades of nostalgia in the works of writers in exile, the author of the article discusses the category of venerable poetry by Florian Śmieja in the broad context (inter alia, of works by Adam Zagajewski, Czesław Miłosz, Zofia Bohdanowiczowa or Tadeusz Śliwiak). Employing the example of two poems, titled Ziemie utracone [The Lost Lands] and Spóźniona arka [The Late Ark], he shows the rescuing power of “sublime yearning” in the works of the poet, who has lived in Canada for many years.

Figury nieobecności w wierszach Grażyny Zambrzyckiej

Author(s): Alicja Jakubowska‑Ożóg / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

A common theme of Zambrzycka’s poems is the problem of bidding farewell, leaving, deserting. The authoress of the article has made the repeated forms of expression as well as the imagery indicating these borderline experiences the focal points of her text. The motifs present in the poems centre around the following issues and topics: the recurrence of portraits of relatives preserved in the memory of the lyrical “I”, the role of objects in the process of remembering, and the function of voice and silence in experiencing one’s absence.

Pochwała wyobraźni. O Dialogu w ciemności Władysława Sebyły

Author(s): Ewa Bartos / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

In his entire poetic career, only once did Władysław Sebyła reach for the charactersof Don Quixote and Hamlet. These two literary characters hold a conversation with each other in Sebyła’s Dialog w ciemności (A Dialogue in the Dark). In their conversation, they engage in a philosophical dialogue concerning the role of the word in the creation of a linguistic image of the world, as well as its influence on the extralingual reality. Thus, the following article constitutes an attempt at interpreting a literary credo of the poet from the lines of the poem, as well as an attempt at highlighting the importance of imagination in the creation of poetry and extralingual reality.

Nocte ludos, czyli nocne zawody. Wokół nokturnu 7 Władysława Sebyły

Author(s): Jan Piotrowiak / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Sebyła’s nocturne designated in the cycle as number sever (7) can be easily inscribed into the imagery of the night and the accompanying images of parvor nocturnus. It is the only poem in the cycle which emphasizes the exposition of the subject’s activity, giving primacy to the first-person monologue of the subject, the agent of a nighttime competition with an angel (God). Moreover, it is the only poem in this cycle which clearly hints at autobiographical context – familial gestures or celebration of remembrance. The nocturnal tale spun by Sebyła focuses on an event which originates in the biblical story of Jacob wrestling with an Angel, while at the same time revisiting (reinterpreting) its sense and message. Into this poetic somnambulia of a personal, particular, biographical (that of the unequal wrestling competition between the new Jacob and God) scope, the author inscribed an account of universal experiences – the incidental nature of human disposition, the fragility of the human condition, the loneliness of existence. The poet seems to tell his reader that it is necessary to accept a difficult, asymmetrical partnership and nonequivalent relations and thus tame our mundane spiritual orphanage.

Bezsenność Sebyły

Author(s): Joanna Kisiel / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Various interpretations of Sebyła’s poetry constantly emphasize the nocturnal dominant of his works. Darkness and night constitute the usual settings in Sebyła’s poems,as well as the central categories of his poetic imagination. The following article points to a hitherto undiscovered possibility of reading this nocturnal poetry in the context of the notion of sleeplessness, as an account of the torment of the body and mind deprived of sleep. In Sebyła’s poetry, sleepless vigilance exposes the absurdity of existence and the longing for a reprieve from the nightmare of being. The night, overwhelmed with waking consciousness, does away with individuality; instead, it can be characterized by its universal, anonymous, cosmic dimension. The experience of sleeplessness in Sebyła’s poetry, similarly to Emmanuel Lévinas’s theories, reveals the tragic nature of life, caused not so much by the fear of death, but rather by the dread of being, the terror of one’s existence.

Bóg w poezji Władysława Sebyły

Author(s): Katarzyna Niesporek-Klanowska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article aims to discuss the various images of God present in the poetry of Władysław Sebyła. The poet, struggling with doubt, creates deeply multifaceted images of God. In his poetry, the Creator is present and absent, strong and weak, saintly and human. Sebyła, attempting to fight his lack of faith, assumes in his poetry the stance of a subject searching for something, striving to comprehend the sphere of metaphysics. In his relations with God, in turn, he attempts to define Him and understand his nature.

Władysława Sebyły rozpoznawanie swego czasu. Ujęcie kerygmatyczne

Author(s): Adam Regiewicz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The transition to modernity, which takes place at the end of the nineteenth century, is accompanied by a cultural paradigm shift. It is manifested by the phenomenon of desacralization, against which the modern man takes two attitudes: nihilist and socialist. This moment is captured and illustrated in Władyslaw Sebyła’s poetry, where two ways to participate in the world are shown, the attitude of an engineer and a rat catcher. At the same time the poet observes helplessness of these social structures against questions about the meaning of life. Described in this way, the situation of a cultural crisis is a good moment to proclaim the Good News, which the poet recognizes in the love of another human being.

Za mundurem… Wokół Junkra Władysława Sebyły

Author(s): Miłosz Piotrowiak / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

In the article, the author utilizes the vestimental discourse in order to analyze one of Sebyła’s poems. These tropes are, in a sense, suggested by the author himself, since the entire lyrical cycle entitled Pieśni szczurołapa (Songs of the Rat Catcher) is permeated by descriptions of articles of clothing understood as important attributes of the characters. In this context, the military equipment is imbued with symbolic significance which intertwines with the other articles of clothing enclosed in a lyrical cabinet of curiosities. The author analyzes those sartorial choices in several categories: cleanliness and dirtiness, understatement and opulence, devilish contrariness and soldierly virtue, etc. In this way, the author constructs an analysis in which Junker (The Cadet) is revealed to belong to a larger whole, while that lyrical complex cannot be fully understood without it.

Lozanna nad Okszą. Poeta Władysława Sebyły w kontekście wierszy ostatnich Adama Mickiewicza

Author(s): Agnieszka Czajkowska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The author, starting with the already existing research findings regarding Władysław Sebyła’s poetry – concerning the Romantic tradition present in his works – attempts to primarily showcase his links with the late Lausanne poetry of Adam Mickiewicz.Focusing on a poem by Sebyła entitled Poeta (The Poet) – even though the article abounds in references to other texts – the author postulates that the creative dialogue between Sebyła and Mickiewicz was not restricted to the questions of poetic imagery. An analysis of aquatic motifs in Sebyła’s poetry, which draw abundantly from the Romantic poetics, serves to fully showcase his artistic originality. As the author of the article emphasizes, Sebyła’s poems, due to their intertextual nature which heavily references the Romantic tradition, became texts of a universal character, transcending their “current limitations” (the issue of socialization of poetry), attempting a diagnosis of the existential human condition soon before the greatest tragedy of the 20th century.

Grób Słowackiego Władysława Sebyły

Author(s): Krzysztof Czajkowski / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

In poetic heritage of Władysław Sebyła there are at least two poems which thepoet dedicated to the author of Król‑Duch (King‑Ghost). In both cases Słowacki has been called directly „from a name”, in the titles of works. A poem Grób Słowackiego (Słowacki’s tomb) is on the one hand, known to us all sarcophagus from the Crypt at Wawel, designed by Adolf Szyszko‑Bohusz, on the other hand poetic vision of Sebyła, wherein a matter symbolized „a marble from Kielce” is struggling with the legacy of „ghost‑eternal revolutionist”.

Nie tren. O Zmarłym Władysława Sebyły

Author(s): Marian Kisiel / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article constitutes an attempt at interpretation of a poem written in memory of Karol Szymanowski. The author demonstrates how the catastrophic imagery is realized in the poem through the artistic form of a terza rima. Moreover, the author points to the alternation between “dream” and “word,” where “dream” situates the artist and his art on the side of the metaphysics of the unspeakable, and “word” – on the side of the quotidian existence.

„Śmiech nosimy – i ból”. O jednym wierszu Władysława Sebyły

Author(s): Iwona Gralewicz-Wolny / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article concerns the untitled poem by Władysław Sebyła ***[inc. “We Are But Manure, My Brother…”] from the volume Młyny. Sonata nieludzka (The Songs of a Rat Catcher). The author aims her analysis at searching for a more positive tone of description and a more optimistic vision of the world, which – as many studies devoted to Sebyła’s poetry show – appear extremely rarely. Through her use of close reading, the author reconstructs the interplay of light and darkness which occurs in the poem. The author juxtaposes the loneliness of the lyrical I with the relationship the subject develops with the addressee of the lyrical monologue, sees glimpses of hope in the mortal metaphors, and connects the spatial-temporal dimension presented in the poem with the spheres of both life and death. This polarization of dark and light meanings of the text, exemplified by such analysis, is further reinforced by the antithesis-dominated poetics of the text. The catastrophic vision of the human life portrayed in the poem is, therefore, complemented by the subtle optimism, which remains necessary for th complete picture of the poet’s vision.

Pola‑sobowtóry w twórczości Władysława Sebyły i Andrzeja Bursy

Author(s): Agnieszka Kwiatkowska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The works of Władysław Sebyła are closely connected with their cultural contexts,and they have remained an important reference point for the subsequent generationsof poets. Imageries, motifs and stances exemplified in Sebyła’s poems reappear later inthe works of many other poets, including Andrzej Bursa. Regardless whether the connectionsbetween Bursa and Sebyła are doppelganger themes or conscious references,they testify to the continuity of the historical and literary process as well as the connection between the catastrophic tendencies of the second half of the interwar periodand turpism, accompanied by the critique of reality, in the times of the Polish People’sRepublic. The comparative analysis of Władysław Sebyła’s Zmierzch księżyca (Dawn ofthe Moon) and Andrzej Bursa’s Zgaśnij księżycu (Fade, Moon) serves as an illustrationof the aforementioned connections.

Władysław Sebyła pisarz niesceniczny?

Author(s): Joanna Warońska-Gęsiarz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The article attempts an analysis of an early play by Władysław Sebyła, preserved in the Adam Mickiewicz Museum of Literature in Warsaw. In Bunt ludzi. Strzępy niescenicznego dramatu. 7 wizji (The People’s Revolt. Scraps of a Non-stage Drama. 7 Visions), written in verse, it is possible to find both traces of Modernist poetics as well as theinfluences of expressionist drama and contemporary Theater Studies. The author analyzes the titular formula of a “non-stage drama”, contemplates the structure of the plot, the characters, the setting, as well as the stage project written into the text of the play. Moreover, she is interested in the influence of Tadeusz Miciński’s works on Sebyła (one of the chief Modernist poets, whose dramas were rediscovered during the interwar period), as well as the allusions to allegorical drama and psychomachia, present in Sebyła’s drama. In turn, the analysis leads to the central question of whether the drama, which relies on unreliable, often contradictory stories, based on the perception of emotions and events by different subjects, could be stagedin the theaters of that time.

Doświadczanie poezji. Suplement do krytycznej działalności Władysława Sebyły

Author(s): Elżbieta Wróbel / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The author of the article discusses Władysław Sebyła’s literary criticism, as Sebyłaanalyzed and explained the phenomena of contemporary poetry on the radio and in the newspapers (predominantly in „Pion”). Starting with the theses formulated by AgnieszkaKluba and Krzysztof Niewiadomski, regarding Sebyła’s critical outlook, the author discusses his attitude towards the Vanguard of Kraków and the Skamander group. The article references, among others, a campaign against the poetics of the vanguard movement, led in 1935 in „Pion” by Karol Irzykowski and Wiktor K. Zawodziński. Both of those critics of the older generation were, according to the author of the article, the patrons of a critical campaign regarding the shape and model of contemporary poetry, led by Sebyła. The author references Sebyła’s press articles as well as the records of his radio broadcast, which are preserved in the Adam Mickiewicz Museum of Literature in Warsaw.

Kłobuckie ślady… Biograficzne impresje na temat Władysława Sebyły

Author(s): Jadwiga Myszkowska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The author discusses the history of Władysław Sebyła’s family in Kłobuck, where the poet was born and where he spent the majority of his early childhood (1902–1910). The text presents and comments upon the two most important traces of the Sebyłas presence in Kłobuck, i.e. Władysław Sebyła’s birth certificate and his mother’s certificate of death. According to the author, it is Kłobuck which inspired the “land of the poet’s childhood,” with the characteristic landmark of the windmill, located in the vicinity of his childhood home. The image of the windmill, in turn, became later one of the most important themes in Sebyła’s poetry.

Zestawienie bibliograficzne opracowań na temat antologii i niektórych form pokrewnych (wybór)

Author(s): Magdalena Kokoszka,Bożena Szałasta-Rogowska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Bošnjačka književnost i kulturalna bosnistika: književnoteorijski i književnohistorijski aspekti

Author(s): Sanjin Kodrić / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Literary creation in Bosnia-Herzegovina is very complex. Viewed as a whole and throughout its historical duration, it has not been realized within the framework of one nation or one ethno-national community, nor within only one language or only one alphabet, nor within the framework of only one cultural-civilizational circle. This fact and this kind of literary-historical and cultural-historical reality gives the basis from which it is now possible to talk about a unique, singular literature of Bosnia-Herzegovina, or Bosnian-Herzegovinian literature, and also about parallel, plural literatures of Bosnia- Herzegovina – Bosniak as well as Croat and Serbian literatures in Bosnia-Herzegovina, together with the literary traditions of Bosnian-Herzegovinian minority communities, such as the Jewish community and others. Also, it is possible to speak about a phenomenon that should – given its own, internal historical-developmental dynamics and its literary-developmental principles and relationships in general – probably be named the Bosnian-Herzegovinian interliterary community. Related concerns are necessarily reflected in the definition of Bosnian literary studies and in particular in the definition of cultural Bosnian literary studies. Bosnian literary studies, and especially cultural Bosnian literary studies, can not, in fact, be defined using the principle of one language – one literature – one nation – one culture, nor in the framework of a single state, because this principle does not correspond to the historical reality of the literary creation nor to what is the contemporary reality of literary practice in Bosnia-Herzegovina. That is why, in understanding the phenomenon of literary creativity in Bosnia-Herzegovina, as well in defining both Bosnian literary studies and cultural Bosnian literary studies, primarily the theoretical concepts of interliterariness as well as closely related concepts of interculturality occur as potential solutions, as – both of them – have their essential meaning and full realization in the cases of both literary and culturally complex phenomena like literature in Bosnia-Herzegovina in general, as well as Bosniak literature in particular.

Pripadnost bošnjačke književnosti u kontekstu egzila našeg vremena

Author(s): Srebren Dizdar / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Although the composite structure of literature in Bosnia and Herzegovina had developed under rather specific social, cultural and historical circumstances, only, and on rare occasions in the past, some authors from these parts wrtote their works in exile (Habiba Rizvanbegović-Stočević, Arif-beg Rizvanbegović), but the separation from a homeland was the topic that some of its prominent writers from all its constituent segments came back to from time to time (Šantić, Andrić, Šop, La Bohoreta, etc.). It was only during the horrible war events towards the end of 20th century, which had forced not only hundreds of thousands of people to leave their native soil, but also inspired diverse forms of literary activities to emerge in exile. Their fundamental defining element was the attempt of securing and preserving ethnic, cultural and any other form of identity in the new surroundings. The paper tries to find some answers to the basic question posed in relation to a determination of literature in/and from Bosnia and Herzegovina, more specifically in view of its Bosniak component, which has been expresed in the published collections of poetry and short stories, rarely in plays, and in the majority of cases, in novel forms – from Norway, Denmark and USA, as well as some other parts of contemporary world. It points out to the situation in the immediate neighbourhood, nowadays largely referred to as the ‘region’, where some authors have continued to write their works, although they remained deeply connected to the language, culture, custioms and identity of the ethnic background they had come from, despite the fact that, in the meantime, they became citizens of the countries of admission. They all have continued to add a characteristic exile expression to the literary output in these new homelands. A rather specific issue deals with the concurrent belonging to literatures those Bosniak authors contributed to with their works, irrespective if their books had been published originally in the languages of these places, or in their mother Bosnian tongue. The works of Bekim Sejranović, Alen Mešković and Ismet Prcić have been analysed in the paper, together with some other names, as the possible examples of either proving or disapproving the initial hypothesis on the identity duality in the Bosniak or any other literature(s) for that matter.

Problématique de la traduction des faits culturels : Cas « original » de traduction du français vers l'arabe

Author(s): Manal Ahmed El Badaoui / Language(s): French Publication Year: 0

The article examines the translation of cultural elements and changes that occur from language to language, from one culture to another. We will study strategies used by authors for translating cultural elements, in the hope of identifying the ideal strategy. In this presentation, we will refer to the cultureme as a unit of cultural information. To illustrate the aspects of cultureme and determine the context and circumstances for choosing an option of translation instead of another, we will examine « La Nuit Sacrée », the novel by Tahar Ben Jelloun, published in 1987, and of the two Arabic translations of this book, done in Egypt in 1988 and in 1993.