„Poetyckie laboratorium” Maryli Wolskiej i Beaty Obertyńskiej na podstawie ich własnych opowieści o tworzeniu

Author(s): Krystyna Zabawa / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2023

The article presents the preliminary remarks regrinding the narrative on creative process in the literature of the personal document (particularly in dairies and partially in letters) of two poets: Maryla Wolska and her daughter Beata Obertyńska. The aim of the conducted analyses was to research the artistic self-awareness of both women, the description method of their own creative process and the potential relation between understanding the nature of poetry and poetry’s craft. Reading of Wolska’s and Obertyńska’s letters points towards a particular role of community of artists in the creative process, whose opinions shape the creation at last.

Władysław Sebyła o swoim pisaniu

Author(s): Magdalena Amroziewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2023

W przypadku Władysława Sebyły wypowiedzi o pisaniu dotyczą nie tylko samego procesu twórczego, ale również wszystkiego, co ów proces otacza: czasu (jego życia i jego epoki), przestrzeni (warszawskiej, cyganeryjnej, rodzinnej, a wreszcie – militarnej i obozowej), finansów (zaległości redaktora naczelnego „Kwadrygi” w spłacaniu ministerialnych subsydiów oraz pierwszych pieniędzy zarabionych na literaturze w radiowym Kwadransie Poetyckim). Poznając warunki twórczej pracy Sebyły, otrzymujemy zatem mało romantyczny obraz tego, jak to wygląda od kuchni – więcej tu walki i mozołu niż szału i natchnienia. A jednak – w tym wszystkim – jest również „chłopiec zgubiony w czasie”, jest Dialog w ciemności. Moj artykuł skupia się na poszukiwaniu granic pomiędzy kreacją, manifestem i wyznaniem w dialogach chłopca z Obrazów myśli z żywiołem własnej twórczości.

„Wewnątrz siebie samej”. Praktyka twórcza Olgi Tokarczuk w świetle opowiadania Szkocki miesiąc z tomu Gra na wielu bębenkach

Author(s): Iwona Gralewicz-Wolny / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2023

The article is concerned with one of the most important aspects of Olga Tokarczuk’s oeuvre, which is the topic of writing practice. The Noble Prize winner addresses it not only in her essays, but also in her opinion pieces, showcasing through it the constant and cautious observation of her own creative process. The reflexion on the relation between literature and reality is also presented in the literary texts, to which amongst others belongs the short story Scottish Month from the volume Playing on a Multitude of Drums. The text interpretation presented in the article addresses the question of situating the creative act at the crossroads of what is real and what is imagined, being connected – as a consequence – with perceiving the writer as a person who simultaneously writes and is written. The epitome of this meta-literary multiplication is the main protagonist – the character, narrator and alter ego of the author at the same time, who becomes aware of her involvement with the multilayered structure of truth and fiction.

„Jak żyć?”. Szymborskiej mądrość bez rutyny – z Teresą Walas, Natalią de Barbaro, Wojciechem Ligęzą i Tomaszem Stawiszyńskim rozmawia Łukasz Tischner

Author(s): Teresa Walas,Natalia de Barbaro,Wojciech Ligęza,Tomasz Stawiszyński,Łukasz Tischner / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2023

Магика и алхимия в драматическите видения на Боян Дановски „Сърцето на шута“ и „Сърце от ален порцелан“ в контекста на модернистичните експерименти в драмата през 20-те години на ХХ век

Author(s): Marieta Ivanova-Girginova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4s/2024

The text analyzes magical and alchemical rituals of different origins, which became conceptual cores in two of Bojan Danovski‘s dramatic visions: “Heart of the Jester” (the creation of the artificial human Humunculus) and “Heart of Scarlet Porcelain” (the revival of the toys – The porcelain doll and sculpture of Pierrot). Both visions appeared in the magazine “Hyperion” in the second half of the 20s of the last century. They are part of a larger corpus of eight visions the author sent from Italy to the magazine in 1922 – 1928. Нe published six of them in a separate book in 1929. Danovski‘s dramatic visions are a specific phenomenon in Bulgarian drama. They represent an expression of artistic synthesis in avant-garde art and offer interesting construction and ideas characteristic of the European avant-garde. The aim here is to show, through an analysis of the two visions mentioned: how B. Danovski creates his theater of marionettes and how he works with the rich cultural intertext embedded in the plays. The dramatic vision in three pictures and one pantomime The Heart of the Jester (1926) examines the transformation of medieval mysticism with its spiritualistic séances and dark magic. A desacralization of the magical through the techniques of avant-garde art stands out. The dramatic vision in three paintings Heart of Scarlet Porcelain (1923) traces the transformation in Maeterlinck‘s symbolist theater with the appearance of the porcelain toy dolls and symbolic marionette figures of the square commedia dell‘arte. Magical processes and rituals bind the two visions, in which the heart is a unifying image and a meaningful object. It emerges from the high poetic symbolism of Romanticism and Symbolism to become a literal thing – a magical/bloody ingredient for the action of the alchemical retort in The Jester‘s Heart and afine porcelain object in the text Heart of Scarlet Porcelain. The process of reification, literalization of symbols signals their vituperation and becomes part of the desacralization of occult rituals. The disenchantment of fairytale magic is a specific feature of Danovsky‘s poetics.

L'ottica metonimica nel racconto “Il padre di Bucarest” di Ivan Stankov

Author(s): Nataliya Nyagolova / Language(s): Italian Issue: 4s/2024

The article examines the metonymic mechanism as a distinctive feature of modern Bulgarian prose through observations on Ivan Stankov’s story “The Father of Bucharest” from the book “Names under the Snow” (2019). The story breaks the traditional framework of the “Romanian text” in Bulgarian literature, usually closely linked to the initiatory plots of the national liberation struggles and the military prose of the first half of the 20th century. In the work Bucharest retains its national features only in the plane of literary topography. At the same time, I. Stankov’s Bucharest acquires the features of any large metropolitan city in the world, where alienation reigns, while empathy is a rare and unexpected impulse. The metonymic optics is explored at different levels: as a principle of image of urban space; as a stylistic concept of combining heterogeneous images; as a mechanism of intertext; as a paradoxical axis of thought and existence of modern man, created through the translation of unselected information, through the dynamic emotional and social illusion of the global world.

Познание и фантастика в романите „Когато човекът не беше“ и „Смелия чунг“ от Димитър Ангелов

Author(s): Tanya Stoyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4s/2024

The paper focuses on two novels by Dimitar Agelov (“When the Man was not”, published in 1941, and “The Brave Chung”, published in 1953) that were defined as fantasy by literary critics. The novels are intended for children and teenagers, so the emphasis is as much on the fun intrigue as it is on a certain didactic idea. The paper comments on the problem of knowledge as a leading idea of the two novels. They present the life of several generations of monkeys which were named by the author chungs and poma. Under influence of hereditary factors, the environment and the changes of the climate the animals change into people. The main factor leading to this change is the characters start putting in the work.. Every day they do something to survive the fight with other animals, provide food, or adapt to nature. The paper examines the novels as an illustration of Darwin`s theory about the origin of species.

How does Bai Ganyo Sound when He Speaks English? On the English Translation of Aleko Konstantinov’s “Bai Ganyo”

Author(s): Yordanka Velkova / Language(s): English Issue: 4s/2024

This article delves into the complexities of translating ‘Bai Ganyo’ into English, with a specific focus on translating cultural realia, turcisms, and pragmatic markers. These linguistic elements saturate the text with distinctive cultural nuances, enriching Bai Ganyo’s speech with essential subtleties and impact. At the core of this inquiry lies the question: does Bai Ganyo’s intelligence resonate differently in English?

Me som Rom, tumen san gadźe [1978]

Author(s): Andrzej Mirga / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2023

The following article by Andrzej Mirga is republished from a special issue of ‘Etnografia Polska’ journal 22(2) 1978 devoted to Roma (at that time consistently referred to as ‘Gypsies’) and Romani studies. The author presents the image of the non-Roma people widespread among the Carpathian Roma – inhabitants of a Roma settlement in the Polish Spiš region. The argumentation is based on the dichotomy ‘Rom – Gadjo’. The article is published with the permission of the Author and the editors of ‘Etnografia Polska’.

DER PARATEXT IM SAMMELWERK DER LITERATIN VESNA PARUN „BUBNJEVI UMJESTO SRCA“ (AUFWIEGELUNGEN/HETZEN ANSTELLE VON HERZEN)

Author(s): Mirko Ćurić / Language(s): German Issue: 3/2024

Vesna Parun is an author with a strong awareness of the importance of paratext, which includes, among others, the title, cover, author’s name, epigraphs, annotations, dedications, reviews, interviews, prefaces, afterwords, different types of notes... This paper is an introduction to studying the role of paratext in her poetry book “Bubnjevi umjesto srca” (DHK, Zagreb 2003). In this work, the research focused on the titles of poems and chapters in the collection, notes, comments and epigraphs. It is proven that Vesna Parun is an author who systematically uses the pragmatic functions of the paratext, which forms an inseparable whole with the body of the text.

Образи на времето във възрожденската поезия

Author(s): Elena Getova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2024

This paper traces the temporal markers (year, day, hour, minute, moment) in Bulgarian Revival-period poetry. In addition, it zooms into the lyrical interpretations of time as the legacy of ancient attitudes and images (in terms of parallels with Greco-Roman mythology and with the Bible). Personal perceptions of time are linked to the specificity of historical events and their meaning; time is illustrated with the distinct ages of human beings and with the different seasons; it is also seen as a marker of the dynamics of the present.

Върху възможностите на поезията, превърнала се в музика. Опити с автори, част от програмата за задължителна и за профилирана подготовка

Author(s): Irena Dimova-Gencheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 5/2024

The proposed article examines the relationship between verse and music in the context of the popular Bulgarian song and the lyric poetry itself. Its aim is to offer a way of incorporating poetry in the classroom using one of the media for realisation of the language. The object of the analysis are poetic texts written by authors who are part of the required and elective school program. Thus, the proposed way of learning literature expands not only the spectrum of dimensions of seeing the arts but also the knowledge about the poets themselves.

AUTONOMIE CORPORELLE DES FEMMES ET CONTRÔLE DE L'ÉTAT EN ROUMANIE DANS LE ROMAN "FONTAINE DE TREVI" PAR GABRIELA ADAMEŞTEANU. UNE ANALYSE DES CO-TEXTES HISTORIQUE ET LITTERAIRE

Author(s): Roxana-Elisabeta Marinescu / Language(s): French Issue: Si/2024

This article discusses the topic of women’s bodily autonomy, more specifically the right to abortion vs. gender violence against reproductive rights, i.e. the strict state control of Romanian state authorities in the last decades of the communist dictatorship and the period after the fall of the regime to the present. For the present-day context, I will present the situation in Poland and Hungary. My analysis is based on the literary theory of new historicism (or cultural materialism) which claims that historic and literary elements function as co-texts. Decree 770/1966 which banned contraception and abortion represents the historic co-text and the novel Fontana di Trevi by Gabriela Adameşteanu is the literary one.

Opór Małej Wsi

Author(s): Tadeusz Morawski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 118/2024

A unique story of courage in times of chaos. An excerpt from the memoirs of Tadeusz Morawski, owner of an estate in the Mazovian village of Mała Wieś, who, during World War II, together with the residents of the Grójec region, undertakes risky actions to outwit the occupiers and create a substitute for a normal life in a world affected by the disintegration of the

„Ich heiße nicht Mon schär sondern Felix”. Verunsicherte Gesprächspartner und misslingende Kommunikation in E.T.A. Hoffmanns Nachtstück Der Sandmann und in seiner modernen Märchenerzählung Das fremde Kind

Author(s): Carmen Iliescu / Language(s): German Issue: 5/2023

The article starts by drawing attention to E.T.A. Hoffmann’s ideas of an authentic sociability, to his ideas of togetherness and focuses on two literary masterpieces that are E.T.A.Hoffmann’s reflections on failed communication between two partners. Clara calls in her letter on psychology as a corrective to the dark visions of Nathanael, Nathanael despises Clara’s cool analytical gaze at his mental and emotional condition, her prosaic viewpoint; E.T.A. Hoffmann’s Sandman shows how major differences in childhood experiences, in perceptual judgements and viewpoint can disrupt communication between two lovers, how these differences may also trigger a transgression of discursive aspects into psychopathology and into brutality. Even children like Felix and Herrmann are experiencing in E.T.A. Hoffmann’s fairy tale The Strange Child a rather threatening speech situation and negative emotions as they become subjects to a rather restrictive play of social interaction, of politeness, of social courtesy. Herrmann’s speech pattern is not efficient. Little Felix rejects the fancy formality of the pronoun „Sie” and he demands to be called by his name; he wants to be recognized as a unique soul.

Das Auge in der Hand. Lessings brave Enkelkinder oder Über die Grenzen des taktilen Diskurses

Author(s): Gabriel H. Decuble / Language(s): German Issue: 4/2022

The comparative paper attempts to answer the question of the largely lacking tactile discourse in world literature in such a way that anthropological and cultural-historical aspects are considered at the same time. These explain not so much the already indisputable primacy of the eye in literature, but rather its consequences for the reduced literary productivity of the near sense. Referring to texts by Rilke, Jandl, Celan or Henry Bachau, one can verify that the blindness motif contributes to a somewhat credible, yet still rudimental emergence of a tactile discourse. However, these are but mere exceptions in the vast realm of world literature, just like Goethe’s synaesthetic exercises in the fifth Roman Elegy are: no poetics of hands, but rather an accidental encounter of erotic gesture and lyrical reasoning.

,,Als Hitler das rosa Kaninchen stahl" von Judith Kerr: Geschichte mit den Augen eines Kindes betrachtet

Author(s): Alexandra Nicolaescu / Language(s): German Issue: 4/2022

The novel 'Als Hitler das rosa Kaninchen stahl' was published 1971 in Great Britain, translated into German by Annemarie Böll in 1973 and the author Judith Kerr has been awarded just one year later with the Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis. The story about nine year old Anna, who has to escape in 1933 together with her family from Nazi Germany and relocate to Switzerland and later on to France was influenced by Judith Kerr's biography. The book finds itself nowadays in the required reading lists at many German schools an has been regarded as Judith Kerr's most famous novel. It is actually part of a trilogy in which the writer expresses her own experiences while reflecting in her writing the spirit of the 1930s an 1940s. Judith Kerr presents the perspective of a child and therefore the political aspects are not at the center of the story, quite the opposite, they move to the background, while the focus is being placed on the main character's personal perception of exile and a life dominated by fear and insecurities. This perspective makes the storyline in my opinion even more revealing and touching at the same time. In the following article I aim to analyze the literary manner in which Judith Kerr transforms the story of her family into the story of a whole generation and by doing that she earns her place amongst the authors who contributed to the process of reconstruction of collective memory.

„Mit den Gespenstern sprechen“: Die multidimensionale und multitemporale erzählende Rede als „Mut- und Schmerzprobe“ in Christa Wolfs Erzählung Leibhaftig

Author(s): Nikolaos-Ioannis Koskinas / Language(s): German Issue: 4/2022

Christa Wolf has always considered literature as an ideology-critical medium for questioning Culture of Remembrance and memory myths. To do this, you need to talk to the ghosts. This is achieved by creating texts that experiment with the limits of language. The present study assumes that the novel ''Leibhaftig'' is the author’s most honest and at the same time most successful attempt in this direction, a narrative experiment that aims to “transcend the boundaries of the sayable”. The narrative is a multi-perspective polyvocal literary network. Playfully, the author experiments in two directions: with different temporal perspectives and with different forms of narrator and narrative perspective. The narrative structure is multitemporal. The level of an extradiegetic-homodiegetic narrative instance in the present is interwoven with memories from some sixty years in the past as well as from the whole history of humanity. Furthermore, the story is told in two narrative voices, both in first and third-person point of view, with the change often occurring in midsentence. The result is an open text that is not afraid of leaving the wound open, of settling accounts with one’s own as well as with the collective phantoms.

Bukarest durch die Augen eines Fremden. Stadtbilder anhand des Romans ,,Die sieben Leben des Felix Kannmacher" von Jan Koneffke

Author(s): Ana Karlstedt / Language(s): German Issue: 4/2022

Jan Koneffke’s 2011 novel closely follows the path of a German fugitive that fate has sent to the capital of Romania in the 1930s. The way young Felix Kannmacher perceives his new environment, his new home defines who he is and who he will become. At first, he is frightened, insecure and feels lost in a hostile space. He is overwhelmed by sensations and does not know how to master this new location. But little by little, through the aid of experience – and not always the best one – he manages to domesticate his surroundings and be reborn. The article focuses on Felix’ (the novel’s first person narrator) view on the city of Bucharest. His ever-changing relationship with this space makes the novel so special and so fruitful for and worthy of literary analysis.

ИСТОЧНИКИ ГРАММАТИКАЛИЗАЦИИ КОННЕКТОРОВ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА (на материале базы Рускон)

Author(s): Irina Kobozeva,Natalia Serdobolskaya / Language(s): Russian Issue: 7/2024

This research article examines the sources of replenishment for the connective elements (clause linkers) in complex sentences, known as connectors, in modern Russian. Unlike studies focused on the etymological analysis of individual connectors, this study aims to identify the overarching trends in the derivation of connectors in the language from the XX and XXI centuries. The paper analyzes both morphosyntactically indecomposable units at the synchronic level and compound connectors. The research utilizes data from the RUSCON database, which contains examples and provides syntactic and semantic information on 670 Russian connectors. This database was compiled using various sources, including The Concise Academic Dictionary of the Russian Dictionary, The Unabridged Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language, D. N. Ushakov’s dictionary, dictionaries of function words edited by T. F. Efremova and V. V. Morkovkin, and the 1980 edition of the Russian Grammar. Additionally, connectors from the Constructicon database of the Russian National Corpus were incorporated into the study. The process of extracting connectors from these sources was conducted manually. For each connector, relevant information such as part of speech, meaning according to the sources, type (for particles), semantic field (according to the RUSCON classification), and sub-value was documented. This paper specifically analyzes new connectors — those not classified as conjunctions in the sources but labeled as ‘modal markers’, ‘adverbs functioning as conjunctions’, ‘conjunction phrase’, ‘analogues of conjunctions’, and similar categories. These units are classified based on their part-of-speech status and semantics. The study highlights the primary sources contributing to the inventory of connectors — abstract nouns and prepositions derived from them, adverbs (especially in the comparative degree), complexes of subordinators and conjunctions, subordinators with particles, and combinations of subordinators with the demonstrative pronoun ‘that’. The study of these new connectors sheds light on the new trends in the Russian language evolution during the XX and XXI centuries, underscoring the significance of this study.