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MASTERY AND TRUTH IN JEAN GIRAUDOUX’S THEATRE

Author(s): Anuța Batin / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 17/2019

In this paper I have tried out a short presentation of the life and activity of the French writer Jean Giraudoux, with clear alussion to his playwrights, to his vision about theatre:Siegfried,Electra, Song of Songs, The Madwoman of Chaillot, Sodom and Gomorrah etc. In Giraudoux's vision, the show is the only form of moral and artistic education of a nation. It is the only adult and elderly evening school, the only means by which the public, whether humble or skilled, can come into contact with the highest conflicts ... there are peoples who dream; for those who do not dream there remains the theatre. The theatre has the virtue of catharsis, which operates on the sensitivity of the viewer who is led to the beginning. Giraudoux's theater is a theatre of ideas which is especially interested in reporting man to his existence and less, as we have noticed, in presenting intrigues and psychological conflicts.

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EXPRESSIONS OF THE ROMANIAN POSTMODERNISM

Author(s): Cristina A. Oprean Cornea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 17/2019

The postmodernist literary current from 1980, reconfigures the Romanian literature with the Western ones, anticipating and then accompanying through its pluralist philosophy the exit from the communist regime and the transition to the present democracy, and the subsequent literary and cultural models remain to be identified in the programmatic diversity of postmodernity. Critical perspectives emerged in the nineties, especially proclamations of the end of postmodernism, seeing the same triumphant pleasure. The first important debate on this issue in Romania took place in 1986, with the occasion of the emergence of a special number of "Critical notebooks" dedicated to postmodernism. During this period there was an exposition of the evolution of the word postmodernism and its derivatives that began to circulate in the Romanian cultural press before 1986.

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MIHAI EMINESCU AND THE ORIENTAL SPACE

Author(s): Mirela Mladin / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 17/2019

Mihai Eminescu is considered one of the most important romantic writers of European literature. G. Călinescu in his work titled Istoria critică a literaturii române de la origini până în prezent dedicated a whole chapter to Mihai Eminescu and considered him „the national poet”, which means that, from his point of view, he was the most important poet of Romanian literature. Beeing a man with a vast culture, he was preoccupied with ideas from all cultures. This is the reason why all his work was influenced by ancient philosophy (Plato, Aristotle and Socrates) as well as German romantic philosophy (Kant, Hegel, Schopenhauer), but especially Indian philosophy. The sources of inspiration of Indian origin found in Mihai Eminescu's work were represented by Ramayana, Mahabharata, Vedic Hymns, especially Rig Veda and Upanishades. An important aspect is that the Oriental Space didn‘t represent a source of inspiration only for Mihai Eminescu, it represented a source of inspiration for the entire world culture.

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TRAVELLING CONCEPTS: SCENARIOS OF METATHEORETICAL INTEGRATION

Author(s): Alina Buzatu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 18/2019

Understanding that transformations within a disciplinary field are not only a mere addition of content or methodologies, but substantial reorganizations of the conceptual vocabulary, my paper is a metatheoretical reflection on the substantial critical contribution of Constance School of reception aesthetics. My aim is to retrace the travel (translatio) of some theoretical concepts from German to Romanian and highlight their rich pragmasemantic relevance.

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ENEA HODOS IN ROMANIAN CULTURE

Author(s): Dorina Chiș-Toia / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 18/2019

Among the personalities of the Banat culture, the place of Enea Hodos, a philologist, a folklorist, a literary historian, a publicist, a pedagogue, an editor, is the place of honor. Even though today his name is in a shadow, those concerned with Banat culture have the obligation to bring it back to the attention of contemporaries, because his works are still landmarks in many fields. We will present some aspects that prove the great value of this personality that deserves recognition at the level of national culture.

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TEACHERS’ PORTRAITS AND PEDAGOGICAL CONCEPTIONS IN ION POP RETEGANUL’S WRITINGS

Author(s): Alexandra Pascu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 18/2019

Ion Pop Reteganul’s pedagogical conceptions took birth from the model teachers he had had loved since his childhood. My article wants to reveal some of these schoolmasters’ portraits as they are described by Ion Pop Reteganul in his publicistic writings. His purpose in describing his teachers is not only to show the importance they had had on his personal development as an educator, but also to present some great model personalities who assumed a professional destiny in Transylvania. Their role was to preserve the Romanian language in schools and to teach pupils in their native language.

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ROMANIAN LITERARY MOVEMENTS AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY

Author(s): Mirela Alina Popa / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 18/2019

Our paper intends to provide an analysis of the main aspects of the Romanian literary movements at the beginning of the 20th century.

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LITERATURE AND CEREMONIAL.SCENES OF PRIVATE LIFE IN OLD ROMANIAN CULTURE

Author(s): Mihaela Necula / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 18/2019

Literature and ceremonial. Scenes of private life in old Romanian culture. Considering that until now the only one known work dedicated to the ceremonial literature is "Condică ce are întru sîne obiceiuri vechi şi nouă a preaînălțaților domni", written in 1762 in Iasi, by chancellor Gheorgachi, it is necessary to observe how the ceremony entered the Romanian territory. This paper proposes showing the impact of certain scenes of private life in old Romanian culture, the relationship between privacy and the public, the idea of ceremonial at royal court, power, and all their importance for the history of mentalities and old Romanian literature. Since medieval times and especially the Byzantine era, the image of privacy and public life was defined by rules showing power in one form or another. It’s important to analyse the past, the royal court and the place that Romanian ruler was occupying with all his habits. Various original or translated texts reconstruct the image of an old Romanian world dedicated to power and ceremonies.

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THE INTENSITY OF THE ETHNOFOLCLORIC CONSTITUENTS IN THE RURAL INSPIRATION PROSE FROM BESSARABIA

Author(s): Mariana Cocieru / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 18/2019

At the beginning of his assertions, the rural prose of Bessarabia takes the form of chronic narratives, close to folkloric models. Rural villagers, enunciating the village and its problems, assimilate the essential feature of anonymous creators and use in their works characters, means, methods of folk origin trying to explain the whole universe, including the urban one, as a way of defending against social-political chaos. Reflector of a genuinely unaltered, traditional environment of a kind of „patriarchal paradise", this prose model initiates a vehement opposition to new social events destined to destroy the isolated, autonomous and rebellious spatial concept of „villagefortress" to any contact from outside. Important for studying the specificity of the relation between folklore and literature in Bessarabia is the activity of documenting the writers in order to know the folk creation and to collect the immaterial treasure. The creative identity of the author is the correlation of several folkloric elements - the story, the ballad, the lyric song, the legend. Par example, writer V. Vasilache uses the allegory, structure and system of conventions of the story, V. Beșleagă approaches historical traditions, legends, dream and folkloric symbols, the narrative fabric of I. Druță has a close connection with folklore by escalating the oral forms of the story.

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Из опыта лексикографирования поэтонимов

Author(s): Ksenia Fedotova / Language(s): English,Russian Issue: 1/2018

This paper considers two parts. In the first one the two main trends of modern Russian author lexicography have been described: linguistic and literary- cultural. Significance and aims of author lexicography new branch called ‘poetonymography’ has been shown. The second part highlights the description and presentation of original author’s-of-paper dictionary of proper names in works of art by Russian poet Nikolay Gumilev. The structure of dictionary entry has been characterized and a few entries from this dictionary have been given.

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RELATIONS BETWEEN LITERATURE AND OTHER ARTS. RECONFIGURATIONS

Author(s): Ariana Bălașa / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 19/2019

The present study represents a critical research of the problem of literature’s relation with the other arts, starting from the analysis undertaken by Wellek and Warren in their book, Literary Theory. On the one hand, my intention is to rehabilitate some of the (still valid) ideas launched by the two and, on the other hand, to supplement and reanalyze certain beliefs that are not confined to aesthetic and axiological ideas currently valid in the field of literary theory.

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SPECULATIVE FICTION AND POSTHUMANISM

Author(s): Lucian-Vasile Szabo / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 19/2019

The contemporary studies dedicated to poshumanism offer, despite some exaggerations they put forward, an opportunity to reflect upon the human condition. The theme is both a philosophical one and one of practical use. The human body transforms and is submitted to changes because of environmental factors, but especially because of what individuals wish for themselves. One can discuss posthumanism on a planetary level, albeit at such level changes are incontrollable or depend on human will only to a small extent. Thus the posthmanist complex can be found in various scientific studies (in the fields of psychology, sociology, biology and so forth) and in artistic creations.Speculative fiction (summing up counterfeit histories, political fiction, fantasy, science fiction, gothic, horror, utopian and mythical narratives) represents an adequate framework to discuss the (apparently non-existent!) limits of posthuman evolution.

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THE VISION OF THE HISTORY IN THE EUGENE IONESCO’ LITERARY CREATION

Author(s): Magdalena Indrieş / Language(s): French Issue: 19/2019

Eugene Ionesco’s conception about history was determined by the historical events that he lived in Romania and in France, but also by his artist statute. Eugene Ionesco’ vision of the history is derived from his conception of the world and of the human condition. He was against the history which was « mystification and imposture ». In Ionesco’s opinion, all the revolutions failed, the real revolutionaries are the scientists and the artists, because they are preoccupied by existential condition of the man.

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THE TRANSYLVANIAN CALENDAR PRESS IN THE INTERWAR PERIOD (1918-1938): A MEANS OF EDUCATION AND CULTURAL MEDIATION

Author(s): Veronica Cȃmpian / Language(s): German Issue: 19/2019

This paper entitled “The Transylvanian calendar press in the interwar period (1918-1938): a means of education and cultural mediation” aims at providing an overview of the Transylvanian calendar press products during the interwar period, focusing on the place and duration of the publication on one hand, and on their structural and thematic features, on the other hand. The starting point of the study is an attempt to define this functional type of text by drawing out its characteristics. The article does not offer a deep qualitative analysis, but rather an overview of the structure, content and function of the German-language calendars of Transylvania during the interwar period, with the intention of underlining their peculiarities.

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“THE ACTOR AND THE SAVAGES” – BRAIDING A DESTINY WITH FICTION

Author(s): Ioana Ilisei / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 19/2019

In Romania, in the communist period before 1989, censorship was one of the most important weapons against culture. It was strict and massacred not only the texts of the writers and poets, but also the cinematographic and theatrical productions. Thus, the producers and writers of the Romanian films had to resort to a wide range of subterfuges, using the irony and sarcasm that they thought not to be accessible to all.In the film “The Actor and the savages”, an analogy was drawn with the life of the great actor Constantin Tănase, recognized for his career in the Romanian magazine theater. Even if the action takes place in another period, the producers tried to capture the reality as much as it was useful to convey an important message: the struggle for the ideal and the public are the most important for an artist, and censorship cannot suppress the laugh.

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SOCIAL REALISM. TYPOLOGIES OF CHARACTERS IN THE MECHANIC AND OTHER PEOPLE OF TODAY BY TITUS POPOVICI AND FRANCISC MUNTEANU

Author(s): Ligia Greta Buzsor / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 19/2019

With the instauration of communism, the entire Romanian cultural and literary scene will go through serious changes, changes that will shape a particular existential structure. The promoted pattern in literature will be social realism. The purpose of this paper is to analyse typologies of characters and the way they construct themselves around the principles of the social realism paradigm.

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EARLY FACETS OF DEMONISM IN ROMANIAN LITERATURE

Author(s): Simina Ana Pop / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 19/2019

The Greek ”daimon” was a spirit that enabled creations. Its powerful, positive connotations placed it at the same level with deities. With the emerge of Christianity, these spirits that enhanced the human feelings and pleasures became known as ”demons”, which were evil spiritual presences, simply because they focused on desiteratum, while a good Christian controls and avoids to accomplish unchristian desires. The paths of these spirits are interesting to follow, especially in literature, which took over all the shapes and essences the concept holds. In Romanian literature, the development of the concept was slow and it took some time until it detached itself from the Christian configuration and adopted more plastic shapes.

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MODERNIST LITERATURE BETWEEN 1960-1980

Author(s): Amalia-Maria Roșioru / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 19/2019

Between 1960-1980, literature came to know a modernization process through the change of perspective which glided towards allegory. The new generation of writers, which consists of Nichita Stănescu, Dumitru Radu Popescu, Fănuș Neagu, Nicolae Velea, Ștefan Bănulescu, Sorin Titel, Augustin Buzura, Nicolae Breban, George Bălăiță, Paul Anghel, Alexandru Ivasiuc, Dumitru Țepeneag will impose a new literary style which avoided censorship. Literary critics is relaunched in a surprising way through the contributions of Lucian Raicu, Gabriel Dimisianu, Valeriu Cristea, Nicolae Manolescu, Eugen Simion, Mircea Iorgulescu. The literary romanian landscape will also be influenced by the translations of Kafka, Faulkner, Marquez, Borges. In this time period, a reform of prose will occur at the same time with the political liberation of 1960.

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Amikor a középosztálybeli nő írni kezdett. Interjú Séllei Nóra irodalomtörténésszel, műfordítóval

Author(s): Júlia-Réka Vallasek,Nóra Séllei / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 865/2023

Interview with Literary Historian and Translator Nóra Séllei by Júlia Vallasek.

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„Megírásra váró kézirataim ébresztenek”. Interjú Cseke Péter sajtó-, eszme- és irodalomtörténésszel

Author(s): Mária Botházi,Péter Cseke / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 866/2023

Mária Botházi's interview with press and literary historian Péter Cseke.

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