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The article is the analysis the first among the author’s books of lyrics in Russian poetry. The deduction about the appropriateness and deep conformity to natural laws of the Russian transition to syllabotonic versification (against Gasparov’s competent opinion) is based on the prosodic analysis of Trediakovsky’s bilingual (Russian & French) syllabic texts.
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Review on Wasilij Szczukin's book: Mit szlacheckiego gniazda. Studium geokulturologiczne o klasycznej literaturze rosyjskiej. Przeł. B. Żyłko. Kraków: Universitas 2006, 348 s.
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Reading classical texts and authors, whose language is not fully understandable by the children, has become a big teacher’s challenge. The decline of literary reading and the lack of focus in the subject and idea of the text, interrelated to the early culture / identity, influences the lack of reading of the classical books and authors. Therefore, they do not fulfil the principal aims and competencies required by the Pre-University Curriculum Framework. Our article analyses the Curriculum Framework and language and literature course structure. The article concludes that students tend to read classical works more easily if they are offered in abridged versions or with a support of technology. Collections of works and complementary book contents with digital content is the tendency that schools have to accept in the digital era we are living.
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Both society as a whole and each of its members have to be prepared for the changes caused by continuous evolvement of knowledge. Alongside with the traditional forms of education, distance education represents the chance people of all ages have to learn in order to have a better chance to adapt to the ever-changing society.
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In this paper I presented some issues related to communication problems between teacher and student. Nowadays, all areas of life, the whole cultural universe, revolve around communication, making it a vast and exciting field of reflection, studies and achievements. The education permanently expands its area of coverage but its center will be always communication. Educational communication can cause a complex dialogue, a psychological and social process which can influence behaviors, beliefs and motivations. Communication and harmonious relationship with others are focused on the development and training objectives education, relationships with others are on the one hand a problem of communication, on the other hand a matter of the action. The quality of the educational process depends mainly on the quality of communicative processes established between educator and educated, educational outcomes are superior when the two interlocutors of the relationship have the opportunity to change roles.
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Juan Domingo Perón remains one of the most important figures of Argentine´s history of the XX century. A former army colonel, Peron was elected 3 times as president of the republic through popular vote in 1946, 1951 and 1973. He did not come to power through a coup d´état, as usually happened with army generals in the Latin-American countries at that time. He was the founder of the Labour Party and of the peronist movement and together with his wife Eva Duarte introduced a series of revolutionary reforms aiming at improving the living standards of the workers, thus becoming soon a national myth. Nowadays, the peronist Partido Justicialista is in a deep crisis, but it still remains one of the main Argentinian political forces.
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We consider that a milestone of the economic thought is represented in the modern era by John Maynard Keynes. His "revolution" in the theory and practice of Economics has influenced decisively the capitalist economy for four decades of stability and prosperity, until the oil shocks from the 8th decade of the 20th century. Our intention is to link Keynes’ Theory of Income with the Happiness Economics in the world of today. to see and understand if the Keynesian theory and practice is still valid, both at macroeconomic level and, mainly, at the individual and household level. A general remark following the day-by-day life, the statistic data regarding the consumption, the economic good sense, is that people spend the money they get, but not all of it. If the particular intention is to get the right position (status), to reach happiness, or stability at the national economy level, it is needed the existence of Savings to ensure future investments and necessary purchases. The answer to the question is positive, both micro and macro level (the latter being an aggregate of the first one), taken into account the specific requirements and conditionalities of the analyzed law.
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Addad or contronym’s mean is to use two words interchangeably for the same word. In Arabic Language’s development process, this issue has been one of the most argued issues by linguists, by the end of the second century. The definition of Addad will be discussed at the beginning of this study. Afterward, this article will be focused on the reasons for taking place, the ideas and works of Arab linguists who accept and reject the concept of Addad. At the end of the study, the essentials of a word to be Addad and the evaluation of the issue’s will be explained and discussed.
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In this paper we deal with selected motifs (of child, suffering, cicrus, guilt…) in the artistic text of Július Barč-Ivan, which is connected with the context of eastern Slovakia and which was formed by ideology, as well as socio-political situation of the first Czechoslovak Republic. We choose the Barč-Ivan's proses, which thematises the „story‟ of character determined by dark sides of reality and in which the choosen motifs are presented through the artistic means and methods „from the interface‟ of expressionism and existentialism. Barč-Ivan's literary works fulfill not only an aesthetic function, but also other functions, as they benefit from the difficult family or socio-political, or socially conditioned situation.
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Authors focus on interpretation and analysis of Ulitskaya’s novel The Funeral Party. They emphasize the discrepancy between Russian and Slovak reception of the novel, which results from different diversification between artistic representation and reality, or more precisely, different criteria of author’s intention evaluation, selection of the main protagonists and their characteristics, or even expressive shift in translation. They note that the clash of two cultures, two civilisations (no matter how close they might be) can be in our unideologised present converted into some disharmony. However, it is a creative constructive dialogue of two cultures, both of which emerge from it somewhat richer, at least richer for a different view of the same phenomenon. A certain part is dedicated to translation problems as well as the problems of polycode text (connection between verbal text and visual code of the covers of the work).
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Judita Marka Marulića je djelo koje je napisano na hrvatskom jeziku, točnije na tropletu triju dijalekatskih idioma koji prevladavaju na ovome području: čakavskom, štokavskom i kajkavskom. Iako je Marulić pisao više na latinskom jeziku, također je stvarao i djela za koja je rekao da ih piše harvacki. Kao takva, Judita u povijest ulazi na velika vrata kao prvi umjetnički ep pisan na hrvatskom jeziku. Puni naslov djela glasi: Libar Marka Marula Splićanina u kojem se usadrži istorija svete udovice JUDIT u versah harvacki složena kako ona ubi vojvodu Oloferna po sridu vojske njegove i oslobodi puk israelski od velike pogibili i već nam sam naslov objašnjava radnju djela, govori nam kako će se sve završiti i da će sve biti napisano na hrvatskom jeziku. Juditu je napisao pjesnik koji je iza sebe već imao veliko iskustvo, pedesetogodišnji pisac sa dosta djela koja su privukla zasluženu pažnju. Djelo nije naručeno niti napisano za neku posebnu prigodu, ono je samo po sebi bilo rezultat pjesnikovog znanja i osobnih osjećanja. Marko Marulić bio je splitski plemić sa širokim obrazovanjem, koji je prva znanja stekao u humanističkoj školi u Splitu, a kasnije je razvio jako širok spektar interesa. Bio je kršćanski humanist, što znači da je u potpunosti pripadao kulturi Europe petnaestoga i šesnaestog stoljeća.
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Austrijski pisac Alexander Sacher- Masoch rođen je 18. studenoga 1901. godine u Wittkowitzu, Moravska. U Moravskoj se rodio igrom slučaja. Njegov otac, Arthur Wolfgang Ritter von Sacher- Masoch, po profesiji časnik, često je mijenjao odredišta službovanja. Alexanderova ljubav prema književnosti i pisanju nije slučajna. Njegov otac se također okušao u spisateljskim vodama i bio poprilično uspješan. Pisao je pod pseudonimom Michael Zorn i objavio nekoliko romana i niz kratkih priča. Po njegovom romanu Izmedu rijeke i stepe (1936), 1938. godine je snimljen film sa Attilom Hörbiger u glavnoj ulozi.
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Victor Pelevin is known as an author whose distinctive feature is a surrealist structure of his novels and numerous references to philosophy and the novel T discussed in this article is a collage of previous literary devices applied by the Russian writer in his previous works. Researchers investigating translation find even the title of the novel interesting due to the possibility of its multiple interpretations since T might be a reference to: count Tolstoy, theory, a tilde and an axe or a text, it also resembles the cross. The article focuses on selected aspects of the T novel translation which among others include translating proper names without which analysing any postmodernist novel is virtually impossible, and also presents possibilities of translating word plays and playing with an intertext.
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Foreword to the special issue of Russian Studie Review devoted to trauma and posttrauma in Russian culture and literature.
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The purpose of the article is to analyze autobiographical story of Bulat Okudzhava Girl of my dreams (1985). The work is based on the writer’s mother’s memories who came back from the concentration camp in 1974. The main role in the story is the motive of the lack of acknowledgement, alienation of victimized (mother) and those who stayed free (son). The story of a woman, who was changed by the state to such extent that she was not recognized by her closest person, works as a mean to reveal and arraign the transformative power of the state. The lack of acknowledgement becomes a parable about the traumatic experience of terror, pervasive allegory of the subjective experience of repression.
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Dialogue Magazine was published from 2003 with the private income of its editor Daniela Gortcheva without any subsidies, on the basis of income from subscriptions and the voluntary contribution of its authors and support¬ers. It was aimed at Bulgarians in Holland and Dutch people in Bulgaria, but no less to Bulgarians in Bulgaria. Its themes were culture, actual politics, history, education, problems of bilingual families and cultural events of the Bulgarians, living in Holland and Belgium. The magazine aimed to inform and to present history without the manipulations of the present-day totalitarian metastases.
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The Decalogue in the Book of Exodus suggests itself to examination in order to get to its simpler original structure. Shortening of some of the commandments, which does not attack their meaning, reveals its concentric composition and, subsequently, allows us to notice its main theological and anthropological concern. The Decalogue, in its possible original structure, concentrate reader’s attention on two main vices, anger and lust, which manifest concupiscentia, the deepest inner injury of the men. And therefore, if anyone wants to realize his proper life and reach goodness, the only real aim of human life, he has to overcome concupiscentia first of all and work constantly on acquiring meekness.
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Oscar Wilde’s The Harlot's House presents the author’s own images of love and lust with the help of puppetry imagery; he refers to prostitutes as “mechanical grotesques”, “automatons”, “skeletons”, “puppet[s]”, “marionette[s]” and ultimately “the dead”. He could hardly find more synonyms for ‘manipulated, lifeless dolls’. Women are misogynistically viewed as objects of desire and subjected to the male glance. All these images represent in fact Wilde’s attempt to create “art for art’s sake” by illustrating decay and depravity through a disrespectful depiction of harlots, dehumanizing them and stealing them the gender identity. The women, described as phantomatic, slim and inert, controlled by a puppeteer, are in fact the representation of the true love’s decay and the lust’s increasing attraction. The female puppets/dolls try to imitate real feelings but cannot do this because of their wires pulled mechanically.
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The literary career of Elizabeth Gaskell is roughly defined by two different areas on which she focused – she was the author of the ‘industrial novels’ such as Mary Barton or North and South on the one hand, while on the other, she was strongly attracted to the countryside and its people which were closest to her heart, and where the changes the society was undergoing had the strongest impact as it was reflected in Cranford or Wives and Daughters. Apart from the social changes, however, in Wives and Daughters Gaskell’s interest focused predominantly on the relationships among the individual characters as they are the main driving force of the plot. The topics she tackled resonate strongly with those we are confronted with even today. Though unfinished, Wives and Daughters is an important novel offering the brilliantly realistic portrayal of life in Victorian England. At the same time it helps us see the differences and similarities between then and now. These were the main points we concentrated on while trying to analyse or compare the characters among which Molly Gibson functions as a unifying element on the one hand while on the other she helps to bridge over the widening gap between the old and outdated and the new and unknown.
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Julian Barnes’ novel England, England, published in 1998 is an invitation to solving a puzzle. This perspective through which we are invited to read the novel is overlapped to the idea of memory and the manner in which the past is reconstructed via a subjective, flawed memory. When this is backgrounded against the context of the millennial consumerism, corporative profit-making and egomaniacal figures, the result is a farcical and satirical account of some aspects connected to one’s personal history and a nation’s history whose main paradigms are completeness and fitting, as this article seeks to uncover.
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