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ZBIRKA USMENE KNJIŽEVNOSTI MILMAN PARRY

Author(s): David F. Elmer / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 81-82/2018

Kada je sakupljao snimke i tekstove koji danas čine srž zbirke što nosi njegovo ime, Milman Parry išao je za ciljevima koji su se razlikovali od ciljeva mnogih, ako ne i gotovo svih folklorista i sakupljača njegovog vremena. To je možda dijelom zato što on sam nije bio folklorist po profesiji. U godini njegove smrti, 1935., Milman Parry bio je docent na Harvardu, predavao je grčki i latinski, a specijalizirao se za proučavanje Ilijade i Odiseje. Kada je u ljeto 1933. krenuo u ono što se tada nazivalo Kraljevina Jugoslavija, prije svega ga je zanimalo da provjeri svoju hipotezu o načinu stvaranje homerskih spjevova – hipotezu koja je kasnije postala poznata kao “teorija usmene formulacije”.

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Engleski frazemi vezani za posao, rad i uspjeh u karijeri i njihovi ekvivalenti u B/H/S jeziku

Author(s): Mirela Fazlić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 8/2011

Kada ljudi govore, njihov jezik je mješavina već poznatih fraza i onih novih koje oni izmisle kao korisnici jezika. Poznate, gotove fraze kao bread and butter (hljeb i puter) i pozdrav how are you? (kako je?) su kao frazemi, također i drugi izrazi kao catch a bus/train (uhvatiti bus/voz), take a holiday (otići na odmor), a Merry Christmas (Čestit Božić), Happy New Year (Sretna Nova godina). Iako su ovi fiksni izrazi (catch a train) napravljeni po istom sintaksičkom principu kao npr. catch a ball (uhvatiti loptu), oni se ipak razlikuju. Roos (Idioms:216) prvu skupinu izraza naziva fiksnim, a drugu slobodnim skupinama riječi.

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Odnos između književnosti i stvarnosti na primjeru Judite Marka Marulića

Author(s): Selma Veseljević / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 7/2010

Judita Marka Marulića je djelo koje je napisano na hrvatskom jeziku, točnije na tropletu triju dijalekatskih idioma koji prevladavaju na ovome području: čakavskom, štokavskom i kajkavskom. Iako je Marulić pisao više na latinskom jeziku, također je stvarao i djela za koja je rekao da ih piše harvacki. Kao takva, Judita u povijest ulazi na velika vrata kao prvi umjetnički ep pisan na hrvatskom jeziku. Puni naslov djela glasi: Libar Marka Marula Splićanina u kojem se usadrži istorija svete udovice JUDIT u versah harvacki složena kako ona ubi vojvodu Oloferna po sridu vojske njegove i oslobodi puk israelski od velike pogibili i već nam sam naslov objašnjava radnju djela, govori nam kako će se sve završiti i da će sve biti napisano na hrvatskom jeziku. Juditu je napisao pjesnik koji je iza sebe već imao veliko iskustvo, pedesetogodišnji pisac sa dosta djela koja su privukla zasluženu pažnju. Djelo nije naručeno niti napisano za neku posebnu prigodu, ono je samo po sebi bilo rezultat pjesnikovog znanja i osobnih osjećanja. Marko Marulić bio je splitski plemić sa širokim obrazovanjem, koji je prva znanja stekao u humanističkoj školi u Splitu, a kasnije je razvio jako širok spektar interesa. Bio je kršćanski humanist, što znači da je u potpunosti pripadao kulturi Europe petnaestoga i šesnaestog stoljeća.

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Elementi Nietzscheove filozofije u poeziji Silvija Strahimira Kranjčevića

Author(s): Sabina Konkić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 7/2010

U radu namjeravam pronaći elemente Nietzscheove filozofije u pjesništvu Silvija Strahimira Kranjčevića. Tumačenjem Nietzscheovih djela Volja za moći i Tako je govorio Zaratustra, koja su ključna za razumijevanje njegove filozofije, pokušat ću neke elemente njegovih filozofskih opservacija zapaziti i u Kranjčevićevoj poetici i potkrijepiti ih adekvatnim stihovima. Naročito je zanimljiva ideja Boga kod Nietzschea i Kranjčevića i način na koji obrađuju u svojim djelima kult Boga. Oni Boga, kao simbol savršenstva i vječnosti obrađuju u modernom duhu nastojeći što više približiti Apsolut čovjeku. Njihov Bog na taj način postaje svakodnevni Bog, posvuda prisutan, među ljude doveden i čak poprima obličje običnog čovjeka. U prezentiranju ove ideje Nietzsche je svakako bio mnogo radikalniji proglasivši smrt tradicionalnog Boga. Nietzschea i Kranjčevića veže modernistički svjetonazor u poetici (zrela moderna i postmoderna uveliko počivaju na Nietzscheovoj filozofiji, a i Kranjčevićeva poezija nagovještava modernističke tendencije u književnom stvaranju na južnoslavenskome prostoru). Zajednička im je i težnja za odvajanjem vjere od vjerskih institucija i sarkastičan odnos prema crkvi koja guši ljepotu vjere. U filozofskom učenju Nietzschea i Kranjčevićevoj poeziji mogu se primijetiti i elementi panteističkog poimanja svijeta koje je inače vrlo blisko modernoj poetici. Taj panteizam primijetimo u njihovom dovođenju Boga u prirodu, među ljude, kroz zapažanje Boga u svemu što nas okružuje, a ne kao nečeg onostranog, nespoznatljivog. Nietzscheova ideja nadčovjeka kao spoja animalnog, ljudskog i božanskog može aludirati na tu činjenicu.

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Milijun milijuna

Author(s): Branka Tafra / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 4/2007

U jeziku postoji dosta primjera koji se na prvi pogled zbog svoga jednakoga ili sličnoga izraza često svrstavaju pod isto, pod jedno. Ovdje ćemo pokazati ilustracije radi poneki primjer na različitim jezičnim razinama da se vidi o čem je riječ. Hrvatski govornici često miješaju pridjeve papirni i papirnat, mesni i mesnat, a elektronski i elektronički da i ne spominjemo. U Anića je samo jedna natuknica što, iako je riječ o dvjema rijeima, zamjenici i vezniku, promjenljivoj i nepromjenljivoj riječi. U Rjčeniku LZ–ŠK homonimi 1 ključ i 2 ključ te 1 list i 2 list obrađeni su kao višeznačnice pod jednom natuknicom (ključ i list) samo zato što imaju jednake izraze. Premda se ne mora znati da 1 list i 2 list imaju različite etimone, dakle ne treba ići u dijakroniju, na osnovi semantike analize očito je da list na nozi (stražnji mišićni dio potkoljenice) nema sličnosti ni s listom na drveću ni s listom papira i drugim listovima koje sve veže jednak izgled, svi su plosnati.

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Organsko i tradirano u gramatičkoj normi jezika Razgovora ugodnoga naroda slovinskoga Andrije Kačića Miošića

Author(s): Iva Lukežić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 2/2005

U radu se polazi od činjenice da jezik Andrije Kačića Miošića pripada jednomu od štokavskih predstandardnih tipova nezastupljenih u normativnim priručnicima, što upućuje na potrebu istraživanja njegove norme neposredno na tekstu. Inicijalno istraživanje navelo je na zaključak da je Kačićev jezik funkcionalno raslojen na dva stila: prvi je zastupljen u proznim dijelovima “Razgovora” a drugi u pjesmama. U radu se sažimlje istraživanje i utvrđivanje podrijetla devet fonoloških normi u proznim dijelovima “Razgovora”.

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O listach Witolda Gombrowicza do Zdravka Malicia

Author(s): Dalibor Blažina / Language(s): Polish Issue: 33/2017

In the legacy of Zdravko Malić (1933–1997) – a historian of literature, critic, poet and translator – the most important Croatian polonist in the second half of the 20th century, founder of the Chair of Polish Language and Literature at the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the University of Zagreb (1965) and a longtime lecturer of Polish literature there are 19 letters written by Witold Gombrowicz to his critic. Malić was the author of the first dissertation on Gombrowicz’s work in the world, which he defended in 1965 under the title Witold Gombrowicz’s Literary Work. Though it has never been published as a whole, Malić generated from his thesis a large number of articles which he later published in the Croatian, Polish and French scientific press. With these works he confirmed that his contribution to early gombrowiczology was of an exceptional character, and that his research paved the way for the dynamic development of this polonist discipline. The description of the correspondence is limited to a few most important dimensions: the financial and publishing problems with Malić’s translation of Ferdydurke; the “examination” of his critical competences and the enthusiastic acceptance of Malić’s doctoral dissertation by Gombrowicz; gaining the writer’s full trust and opening up to close co-operation, mutual assistance and even friendship. This is where the writer invited Malić to the world of gombrowiczology, in which the critic from Zagreb left a deep and inspirational mark.

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Motiv prostora (Bosne / kasabe) u Andrićevim pripovijetkama

Author(s): Ikbal Smajlović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 6/2018

The motive of space (Bosnia / borough), as the forms of his literary transposition in this work, we have identified and interpreted on concrete examples from the texts of Andrić’s narratives. The motive, as we have been convinced, is processed in several different and complex variants, among which there are common characteristics. We can talk about two types of space - a real toponymic space, and a space of dream in which characters equally ‘live and act’. The real space we focused on, regardless of whether it is a mountain, a village, a borough, a town, and so on, is presented mainly as a place of boredom, overall unhappiness, loneliness, suffering and dark, stuffiness, backwardness, cruelty, back facing each form of progress. All the properties of space are directly reflected and metonymically represent the characters / physiognomy of people (both spiritual and physical). Andrić suggests deep, rooted, bound and conditioned space and domicile people. All those characteristics will be even clearer in direct contact with different worlds and cultures. Mainly, the processing of the motive of space with Andrić is aesthetically credible, but that, especially in the context of the poststructuralist openness of literary interpretations, does not prevent us from discussing the ideological pretexts, the injustices and causes of “the misfortune of this region”.

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Mogućnosti interkulturne slavistike

Author(s): Šeherzada Džafić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 71-72/2018

Review of: Zvonko Kovač: Interkulturne studije i ogledi (Međuknjiževna čitanja, mentorstva), FF Press, zagreb, 2016.

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Literarni elementi u djelu Stanje redodržave Bosne Srebrene fra Martina Nedića

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Literarni elementi u djelu Stanje redodržave Bosne Srebrene fra Martina Nedića

Author(s): Mato Nedić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 49/2018

Pri pisanju djela Stanje redodržave Bosne Srebrene autor se, s obzirom na namjenu djela te na materiju kojom se bavi, ispravno odlučio za znanstveni pristup koji isključuje subjektivnost i literarne elemente, a zahtijeva točnost, sažetost i kritički odnos prema građi, kao i prema zaključcima prethodnih istraživača koji su se bavili istom problematikom. Sve je rečeno fra Martin Nedić u svojoj knjizi (većim dijelom) primijenio. On stanje svoje redovničke države opisuje promatrajući fermane kojima su sultani davali i potvrđivali prava bosanskim franjevcima, od prava ispovijedanja vjere do prava propovijedanja. Kao potkrepu svojim komentarima autor donosi niz navoda iz carskih fermana u riječima kojih se nerijetko iščitava turska lukavost jer oni zapravo fermanima učvrš ćuju stanje koje su zatekli u trenutku zauzeća Bosne, oni dopuštaju franjevcima djelovanje, ali samo u onim istim okvirima koji su stvoreni nakon što su Turci, pri okupaciji, razrušili niz crkava i samostana. [...]

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Književnopovijesni modus procedendi Julija Benešića u zbirci „Poljska lirika”

Author(s): Tea Rogić Musa / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 1/2018

During his entire work in philology Julije Benešić had systematically translated two types of texts: masterpieces of canonical Polish authors, which he considered to be his most important work as an author and as a cultural mediator, however he also translated a series of shorter works of authors who were not famous in Croatia, which he undertook out of his polonophilic tendencies. In his work as a translator, „Polish Lyricism”, a chrestomathy spanning five centuries of Polish literature, holds a special place. In the article we will try to come to a conclusion to what extent were Benešić’s choice as a translator and his work as a historian successful, i.e. did they correspond with topics important to the entire Croatian literary and social environment of his, interwar, period, as well as our own period.

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Mak i prepravljanje povijesti danas

Author(s): Srećko Marijanović / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 95-96/2018

Svjedoci smo danas, kako kopači u gomilama i jamama, otvarajući grobove i stare rane, iznova postavljajući srušene temelje povijesti, u namjeri oplakati svoje mrtve i ukazati na greške iz prošlosti, svojom upornošću i tvrdoglavim radom mijenjaju povijest. Možda i više nego sve vojne i vojskovođe prije njih. Tako i Mak Dizdar svojim pjesmama danas postavlja vidno polje srednjeg vijeka i razdoblja prije i poslije njega, pred drukčije i izoštrenije naše oči, oslobođene naslijeđa iz prošlosti, jugokomunističkih i velikosrpskih zabluda, protiv kojih se i on sam borio i zbog njih velika stradanja imao. […]

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Српске неодређеноличне реченице и њихови енглески кореспонденти у преводу романа Hа Дрини ћуприја

Author(s): Mladen Pralica / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 7/2019

This paper presents the results of a contrastive analysis of Serbian third person plural- impersonals and their English correspondents. Its aim is to define translational patterns and structures within which these forms occur. A total of 79 examples of Serbian third person plural- impersonals were registered in the corpus (Ivo Andrić’s novel Na Drini Ćuprija), and there were 78 structures representing their correspondents found in the English translation (Тhe Bridge on the Drina), since one structure had not been translated („Nа svа nastojanja dа је оdvrate оd toga”). It was discovered that Serbian third person plural- impersonals were transferred into three types of translational correspondents: 1. Active sentences (formulated as ‘Sthey + Vact’) with subjects in the form of personal pronoun ‘they’, (e.g. „Kratko su ga ispitivali“ > ‘They interrogated him curtly’) - TYPE 1; 2. Passive sentences (formulated as ‘Pt + Vbe-pass‘) with subjects in the form representing objectpatient in the original Serbian structure, (e.g. „…jer ih na skelu nisu primali...“ > ‘...for they were not allowed on the ferry... ‘.) - TYPE 2; 3. Forms of idiomatic translation (formulated as ‘Sidiom + Vact’, ‘Sinf + Vact‘, and ‘idiomatic translation’), which refer to changing the structure of an original Serbian sentence, (e.g „sa kojim su u kasabi često terali šegu“ > ‘ who was often the butt of the town’) - TYPE 3.

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THE POETRY OF A FLOWER OF EVIL

Author(s): Margareta Onofrei / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 12/2017

The two poets, Charles Baudelaire and Tudor Arghezi, demonstrate that ugliness can generate beauty through literary creation. This article focuses on the following aspects: the depiction of the actions of the three guests of a poem, the aesthetic points of view concerning the relation between beauty and ugliness/ good and evil, the analysis of two poems, "To the Readers", by Charles Baudelaire and "Flowers of Mold", by Tudor Arghezi. In conclusion, evil is a productive aesthetic category mainly expressed by the lexico-semantic level of the language.

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Antropološka vizura povijesti. Držićev Dubrovnik

Author(s): Valentina Gulin Zrnić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 19/1996

The objective of this paper is to reconstruct some cultural aspects of the 16th century Dubrovnik by analyzing plays by Marin Držić (1508-1567). The framework of the paper consists of his literary opus in terms of cultural and literary anthropology as well as historical context (Dubrovnik, Renaissance, social structure). Since literary work is here defined as possible but non-traditional historical and anthropological source specific methodological problems have emerged (translating objective reality into literature). The author's interpretation is based on: defining popular culture through the structure and meaning of Carnival, popular culture namely could be seen as expressing non-official culture in oposition to official one (in the light of Mihail Bahtin's interpretation of Rabelais); reconstructing the existence of different conceptions of world and life; defining relations between social structure and cultural patterns, focusing on cultural communication. Držić's plays gives us new insights into the history of Dubrovnik. Nontraditional and interdisciplinary approach to history and anthropology could create a new way of dealing with history and understanding past and culture.

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Ojkanje u izvandinarskim područjima Hrvatske

Author(s): Grozdana Marošević / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 17/1994

Croatian 20th century ethnomusicological literature deals mainly with two-part ojkanje of the Dinaric region, which is regarded as the prototype of this style of singing in Croatia. On the basis of field research in the Karlovačko Pokuplje region, historical data and notations of ojkanje singing in published and manuscript sources, the writer considers the phenomenon and origin of one-part (solo) ojkanje outside of the Dinaric region. The article takes a different standpoint towards the dissemination of ojkanje in Croatia and draws attention to the predominance also of one-part (solo) forms of ojkanje in the past in the Dinaric areas.

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Starci kao čuvari narodnih tradicija u prozi I. G. Kovačića

Author(s): Maja Kožić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 8/1985

In seinem Werk hat I. G. Kovačič viele Seiten der Beschreibung des Bauemlebens in einem Teil der Lanschaft Gorski Kotar gewidmet. Dabei ist er sichtlich von emer Schicht des Bauemvolkes beeindruckt, die durch ein ungeschriebenes Gesetz bestimmt ist, die Verbindung mit den Traditionen zu wahren. Diese Schicht sind die Alten. Seine Erzählungen befassen sich mit der Zeit vom Beginn des ersten Weltkrieges bis zum Vorabend des zweiten, mit einer Geschichtlichen Situation also, in der das Leben der Landbevölkerung in einem dramatischen Wandel begriffen war. In der Brüchen, die dadurch entstanden, waren gerade diese Alten die einzigen Träger der beharrlichen Kontinuität von Anschauungen und Lebensformen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird gezeigt, wie I. G. Kovačič in seinen Prosawerken das Leben der Alten auf dem Lande beschreibt und wie er in ihnen die Bewahrer der Tradition und der nationalen Gefühle sieht. Dazu sagt er selber: » . . . Die alten Frauen und Männer haben mit Eifersucht und als Heiligtum all das bewahrt, worauf unsere, des kroatischen Volkes, Begeisterung und Stolz begründet sind. Die Grossmüter und die Grossväter haben uns unser altes und grosses kroatisches Hertz bewahrt.«

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Matija Valjavec kot slovstveni folklorist

Author(s): Marija Stanonik / Language(s): Slovenian Issue: 6-7/1984

Matija Valjavec can be considered one of the most important collectors of literary folklore in Slovenia and kaikavian Croatia. The rules of fieldwork which he followed could withstand, to a large extent, even contemporary professional critique. The purpose of this article is to present systematically Matija Valjavec's contribution to Slovenian and Croatian literary folkloristics. We should become aware of a task we still have in relation to Valjavec: to gather the folklore material which he published in various journals and other publications, and to republish it in a single volume in order to make his work more easily accessible to professionals, as well as to wider readership.

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Žene u slavonskim narodnim pjesmama

Author(s): Maja Bošković-Stulli / Language(s): Croatian Issue: SI 1/1982

Poezija općenito pa tako i usmena poezija ne daje izravne podatke o životnim činjenicama. „Jezik umetničkog teksta je u svojoj suštini izvestan umetnički model sveta“, a taj jezikom stvoreni model svijeta mnogo je obuhvatniji od individualnog modela pojedinog priopćenja. Zbog toga ne treba očekivati da će primjeri narodnih pjesama što ću ih u nastavku prikazati biti dokumentarni prilozi ili „slika života“ slavonske žene. Osim toga, znatan dio tih pjesama nije nastao izvorno u Slavoniji, nego se usmenim prenošenjem iz drugih krajeva uključio u slavonski repertoar. Mnogi su sižei, napokon, i vremenski znatno stariji od trenutka njihova zapisivanja pa stoga situacije što ih predočuju potječu iz ranijeg stanja.

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Frauen in Slawonischen volksliedern

Author(s): Maja Bošković-Stulli / Language(s): German Issue: SI 2/1982

Die Poesie im allgemeinen, und wohl auch die mündliche, liefert keine direkte Auskunft über die Wirklichkeit. „Die Sprache eines künstlerischen Textes ist ihrem ganzen Wesen nach ein bestimmtes künstlerisches Modell der Welt“, stellt Lotman fest, und dieses, durch die Sprache gebildete, Modell der Welt ist viel umfassender als das individuelle Modell einer einzelnen Mitteilung. Deshalb wäre es völlig verfehlt, würde man den Volksliedern, die im folgenden besprochen werden sollen, einem Dokumentarbericht oder „Szenen aus dem Leben“ slawonischer Frauen gleichsetzen wollen.

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