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A Feminist Analysis: Sexual Violence in the Bosnian War (1992-1995)

Author(s): Özgenur Çaputlu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

Throughout history, war violence has disproportionately affected women, especially in patriarchal societies. Wartime rape, which is the most common and destructive type of conflict-related sexual violence, is the clearest example of these effects. This study clarifies the sexual violence experiences of Yugoslavian women during the Bosnian War, which had lasted between the years 1992-1995, with an anti-militarist feminist perspective. The first part of the article includes hypotheses of feminist theory about conflict-related sexual violence. The second part handles types of sexual violence such as wartime rape, forced prostitution, and forced pregnancy that had affected women in Yugoslavian conflict areas between 1992-1995. The last part of the study describes the numerical dimensions of the sexual violence used in the Bosnian War and its ef-fects on Yugoslavian women. Throughout history, war violence has disproportionately affected women, especially in patriarchal societies. Wartime rape, which is the most common and destructive type of conflict-related sexual violence, is the clearest example of these effects. This study clarifies the sexual violence experiences of Yugoslavian women during the Bosnian War, which had lasted between the years 1992-1995, with an anti-militarist feminist perspective. The first part of the article includes hypotheses of feminist theory about conflict-related sexual violence. The second part handles types of sexual violence such as wartime rape, forced prostitution, and forced pregnancy that had affected women in Yugoslavian conflict areas between 1992-1995. The last part of the study describes the numerical dimensions of the sexual violence used in the Bosnian War and its effects on Yugoslavian women.

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СУМИРАН ОСВРТ ВРЗ МЕЃУНАРОДНОТО ПРАВО ЗА ПРАВАТА НА ЧОВЕКОТ И НЕГОВИТЕ МОМЕНТАЛНИ СЛАБОСТИ КАКО ПОТЕНЦИАЛ ЗА ЗАШТИТА НА ЖЕНИТЕ ОД РОДОВО ЗАСНОВАНО НАСИЛСТВО-НОВА КОНВЕНЦИЈА ЗА РОДОВО ЗАСНОВАНО НАСИЛСТВО

Author(s): Luljeta Xhemaili / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 1/2023

Throughout history, various forms of violence have manifested themselves in society as a result of the dominance of certain sectors or groups over others. In this context, gender-based violence is a key social mechanism for perpetuating women's subordination, because male hegemony—power considered the generic inheritance of men—is based on social control over women. Therefore, violations of women's human rights are directly or indirectly related to the gender system and mainstream cultural values. According to the terms of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights; International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights; Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment; and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, women enjoy the same rights and freedoms as men and autonomy. Gender-based violence, the protection of victims - survivors, the punishment of perpetrators of this type of violence and the support of survivors is one of the most controversial issues. at the international level in recent times. Along with the lines of discussion that follow, this paper argues that in an effort to strengthen existing frameworks, it is important to recognize that existing international human rights law already imposes broad and detailed obligations on states in relation to gender violence. and that proposals for a new instrument and other measures should not undermine but rather complement existing protection. He argued that greater efforts should be made to invoke and enforce existing standards, regardless of the position adopted on the desirability of a new treaty. The question that naturally arises is whether the new convention provides an overview of the role played by international law and its practice in advancing efforts to protect women from gender-based violence, so is a new convention desirable? , what measures might be applied if such an instrument were to be approved, and how it might be properly accomplished.

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ПЕРСПЕКТИВЕ И ПРОБЛЕМИ РАЗВОЈА ЖЕНСКОГ ПРЕДУЗЕТНИШТВА У СРБИЈИ

Author(s): Branislav Stanisavljević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/2023

Female entrepreneurship is gaining an increasingly significant role on the domestic and international economic scene and represents an important potential for the development of a country's economy. In developed countries, women have special incentives and support for the development of their own entrepreneurship. In addition to the applied policies that protect women against discrimination and inequality, numerous organizations and associations that deal with women's issues and provide them with various types of support operate in these countries. Female entrepreneurship represents an important potential for the development of the global economy. Female entrepreneurship affects the reduction of unemployment, the establishment of businesses in new spheres, the application of new technologies and the development of entrepreneurship. This statement draws attention to the development trends of female entrepreneurship in developed countries, but also in developing countries. For women, success is not only measured in terms of profit, although financing is the biggest problem when starting and developing a business. It is very important for women that their descendants inherit their business, and the legacy of their business is very important to them in order to feel successful, but also the social impact of their company. The above is in support of the fact that women are better social entrepreneurs and open social enterprises more often, and all this is due to the fact that money is not the most important and decisive factor for them to engage in entrepreneurial activity.The paper investigates whether women entrepreneurs have any specific characteristics and what motivates them to entrepreneurship. It also identifies the obstacles that women face in establishing new businesses and what kind of support should be provided to them in order to encourage entrepreneurship. The main goal of this paper is to draw attention to the untapped potential of women entrepreneurs. Based on the identified problems and experiences of other countries described in the paper, initiatives and good practices can be defined to support women entrepreneurs that can be applied in domestic conditions. The paper ends with a description of organizations and programs that exist and are implemented in other countries, and have shown success in creating a positive climate for the development of female entrepreneurship.

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Biopolitics of the Women’s Gulag and “Dark Tourism” in Kazakhstan: The “Camp” as Biopolitical Paradigm of Modernity

Author(s): Michael A. Peters,Tina Besley / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

This paper explores the concept of dark tourism through the lens of a visit to the ALZHIR Museum and Memorial Complex in Kazakhstan, which was once a notorious Soviet women’s camp. The authors, who toured with guides in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, discuss their experiences in the two major cities of Astana and Almaty, and their day trips to the steppe and wetlands, as well as the stunning Charyn Canyon National Park. The paper highlights the history of Kazakhstan, from its nomadic beginnings to its independence from Soviet Russia in 1990, and the Russian occupation and the imposition of Russian schooling on the Kazakhs. The authors also touch upon the extensive process of collectivization imposed by the Soviet regime, which resulted in the death of an estimated 1.5 million Kazakhs from starvation. The main focus of the paper, however, is the ALZHIR Museum and Memorial Complex, which serves as a chilling reminder of the horror of the Gulag system. The authors discuss the ethical implications of dark tourism and argue that tourists have a responsibility to educate themselves about the culture and history of the places they visit, to promote historical understanding and cultivate a memorial experience that draws attention to what is commemorated by whom and for what reasons.

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DE/KONSTRUKCIJA STEREOTIPNIH PREDODŽBI U ROMANU NEBOJŠE LUJANOVIĆA OBLAK BOJE KOŽE I AUTOBIOGRAFSKOJ PROZI HEDINE TAHIROVIĆ-SIJERČIĆ ROM K`O GROM

Author(s): Simbi Husarić-Junuzović / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 18-19/2022

This paper aims at deconstruction of cultural stereotypes about Roma population in contemporary literature in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The focus is on cultural constructions depicting the ethics of resposibility towards others found in two works of art, Oblak boje kože, a novel by Nebojša Lujanović and autobigraphical prose by Hedina Tahirović – Sijerčić, Rom k’o grom. The emphasis is placed on stereotypes and prejudice immanent to all identities. It also indicates discriminatory practice particularly pronounced in the case of Roma people minority, because they are more often than not excluded and outlawed from the social processes. They are ghettoized in every way, which is clearly seen in the examples of Enis Selmanić, the main character of the novel Oblak boje kože and the heroine of the autobigraphical prose Rom k’o grom. Alongside the deconstruction of negative stereotypes, these works of art also open up a number of gender issues, especially the issue of Roma women under patriarchal pattern and gender roles imposed on them not only biologically, but also by their Roma identity, in which they become otherness of others, a category that indicates a marginalization within the identity of Other. Both novel and autobiography use a specifi c ethnographic and culturographic manner to raise questions about neglected and dark historic stains, the neglected Roma history, their everyday struggles since forever or the more traumatic parts of their history, such as the Auschwitz experience. In the theoretical framework of this research, a hybrid approach is used, based on imagological studies and postcolonial theory. Key texts from the anthology “Kako vidimo strane zemlje” provide the basis for understanding literary depictions of foreign countries and peoples, particularly through the works of Manfred S. Fischer, Hugo Dyserinck, Karl Ulrich Syndram, Joep Leerssen, Daniel-Henri Pageaux, and Jean-Marc Moura. The imagological approach helps in addressing the perceptions of the Roma national minority and questioning intolerance and racism. The postcolonial aspect, along with the works of Homi Bhabha and Stuart Hall, enables a critical examination of identity through a system of differences and the affirmation of diversity. Feminist theory and works such as those by Simone de Beauvoir and Judith Butler contribute to understanding gender issues and marginalization within Roma communities. These approaches together enable a detailed exploration and deconstruction of stereotypical representations of Roma in literary works.

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Neofeminism in Late-Yugoslav Society

Author(s): Dubravka Đurić,Aleksandra Izgarjan / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

The paper analyzes the development of neofeminism in Yugoslavia as a socialist and non-aligned country with self-management as the dominant mode of social organization. We set out to examine to what extent this social and political background influenced the appearance of neofeminism in the early 1960s, its development, transformations and branching out into different forms and eventual decline in the late 1980s. It is our contention that in the late-socialist culture in Yugoslavia, feminist theory was present from the 1960s to 1980s in different forms. Yugoslav female and male authors openly debated and wrote about feminist issues, they were also influenced by numerous translations of the works of feminist authors. The paper discusses two main branches of Yugoslav neofeminism: socialist neofeminism and Marxist neofeminism. In conclusion, we reflect upon the legacy of neofeminism in Serbia as a post-Yugoslav society.

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GENDER PARTICIPATION – GENDER PROTECTION PENDULUM

Author(s): Nermina Jerkovic / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

International law safeguards our universal commons and international peace and security while protecting those the most vulnerable to human rights abuses, such as participants in existing migration towards the European Union. This article aims to shed light on the link between two international law fields: gender equality and the protection of victims of human trafficking among migrants who diverted their journey through the Western Balkan Route embracing Bosnia and Herzegovina since 2018. The research’s relevance is found in statistics from 2018 to 2022 and recent studies on the inadequate protection of migrants from human traffickers and smugglers along the Western Balkan Route. Thus, the article argues that the gender inequality in the law enforcement agencies in Bosnia and Herzegovina hinders proper identification and protection of VHT in joint migrations of men, women and children, enabling their further trafficking towards the European Union. The methodological framework includes the desk analysis of the gender mainstreaming legal framework and goes over international and national regulations on combating human trafficking. Qualitative research on the main impediments to the identification of the victims of human trafficking includes responses from NGO practitioners mandated to protect migrants in the temporary reception centres in Bosnia and Herzegovina, highlighting the presence of the VHT among migrants. Research results present the flagship components of migrants’ negligence in reporting human trafficking; one of the principal reasons is their non-confidence in law enforcement agencies, which are seriously discriminated against women regarding participation and management position holding. The article demonstrates the intersectionality of international law focus are as in the gender participation-gender protection pendulum and urges for increased participation of women in the security sector of Bosnia and Herzegovina and enhanced protection of the victims of human trafficking through international law implementation.

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The Woman and Prostitution in the Republic of Serbia: Choice or Necessity; Scientific Achievements of Dragana Pejović, PhD

Author(s): Milena ž. Žikić / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 3/2024

Review of: Dragana Pejović, The Legal Position of Women in Prostitution in the Republic of Serbia through History, Novi Sad: Provincial Institute for Gender Equality, 2022

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САБЛАСТИ БУМЕРА: ГЕНЕРАЦИЈСКИ ИЛИ КЛАСНИ СУКОБ?

Author(s): Jelena Lalatović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 546/2024

Категорија идентитета већ деценијама функционише као један од основних аналитичких алата за истраживаче и критичаре. Њена употреба, уз самодопадну саморазумљивост која је најчешће прати, распрострањена је у тој мери да је свест о њеној историјској условљености, као и о теоријским и интерпретативним ограничењима, готово ишчилела. „Право на идентитет”, к томе и на његову одбрану и адекватну репрезентацију у култури и уметности, третира се као неприкосновено. Поред пословично угроженог, трауматског идентитета националних књижевности, нарочито у југословенским оквирима, моралистичка аргументација, која свој критички апарат заснива на реконструкцији одређене трансценденталне вредности, присутна је и у приступима које бисмо колоквијално означили као „прогресивне”, „ангажоване” и томе слично.

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Compulsive sexual behaviour in Iranian married women: Prevalence, sociodemographic, sexual, and psychological predictors across-country

Author(s): ELNAZ KHAYER,REZVAN ZAREI,MARYAM DAMGHANIAN,Beáta Böthe,FARNAZ FARNAM / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

Background and Aims: This study addresses the scarcity of research on Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD) in non-Western cultures and women, exploring its prevalence, sociodemographic, sexual history characteristics, and sexual and psychological health factors in Iranian married women. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 772 heterosexual married women was conducted between 2022 and 2023, covering all 31 provinces of Iran. Participants were categorized as CSBDþ (at-risk individuals) and CSBD (low-risk individuals) based on a pre-established cut-off point of ≥18 by the Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder Scale 7. Depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, self-esteem, sexual distress, sexual satisfaction, relationship satisfaction, and sexual dysfunction were assessed as psychological and sexual health variables by standardized scales. Results: The prevalence of CSBD was 3.8% in women. Linear regression analysis showed that lower education, being jobless, substance use, pornography use, paraphilic behaviors, conflict on sex frequency, relationship, orgasm and sexual dissatisfaction, higher sexual arousal, depression, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms were positively associated with CSBD. The univariate analysis, at a stringent significance level of 0.005, mirrored the regression findings. Additionally, women with CSBDþ exhibited lower religiousness and higher anxiety compared to those without CSBD. Discussion and Conclusions: Raising awareness of CSBD is crucial for health systems and individuals for better policy-making and help-seeking behavior. Identifying risk factors like substance use presents opportunities for prevention, and the association of CSBD with sexual and mental health variables suggests addressing co-occurring issues for improved treatment outcomes. Recognizing culture and gender-specific sexual and psychological correlates enables targeted and effective treatment approaches.

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Moderating effects of PER3 gene DNA methylation on the association between problematic mobile phone use and chronotype among Chinese young adults: Focus on gender differences

Author(s): Tingting Li,YUMING CHEN,Yang Xie,Shuman Tao,Liwei Zou,Yajuan Yang,Fangbiao Tao,Xiaoyan Wu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

Objective: To investigate the rates of problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) and chronotypes in young adults, and examine the associations of PMPU with chronotypes, as well as its gender differences. Furthermore, we explored the moderating role of PER3 gene DNA methylation on the associations. Methods: From April to May 2019, a total of 1,179 young adults were selected from 2 universities in Anhui and Jiangxi provinces. The Self-rating Questionnaire for Adolescent Problematic Mobile Phone Use (SQAPMPU) and reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ) were adopted to investigate PMPU and chronotypes in young adults, respectively. Moreover, 744 blood samples were collected to measure PER3 gene DNA methylation. Multivariate logistic regression models were established to analyze the associations between PMPU and chronotypes. Moderating analysis was used to determine whether PER3 gene DNA methylation moderated the relationships between PMPU and chronotypes. Results: The prevalence of PMPU, morning chronotypes (M-types), neutral chronotypes (N-types), and evening chronotypes (E-types) of young adults were 24.6%, 18.4%, 71.1%, and 10.5%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression results indicated that PMPU was positively correlated with E-types (OR 5 3.53, 95%CI: 2.08–6.00), and the association was observed only in females after stratified by gender (OR 5 5.36, 95%CI: 2.70–10.67). Furthermore, PER3 gene DNA methylation has a negative moderating role between PMPU and chronotypes and has a sex-based difference. Conclusions: This study can provide valuable information for the prevention and control of circadian rhythm disturbance among young adults from the perspective of epidemiology and biological etiology.

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ŽENSKO ISKUSTVO U SPREZI TRAUME I ISTORIJE U ROMANU MILOSRĐE

Author(s): Aida Džiho-Šator / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 548/2024

U romanu Milosrđe Toni Morison ispisuje traumatsko iskustvo, kao i stvaranje i rastvaranje veza pet žena u nemilosti američkog kontinenta u sedamnaestom vijeku. Putem bliskog i intimnog iskaza toka svijesti, ona vodi čitaoce u svijet prednacionalne i predrasne Amerike, u svijet beskrajne divljine Novog kontinenta, kada su nacionalni i rasni identiteti kao osjećaji i pojmovi tek nastajali, a žene, bez obzira na boju kože i status u društvu, uvijek bile u nekoj vrsti nepovoljnog i po život opasnog položaja. U često citiranom intervjuu za National Public Radio, gdje je razgovarala sa Lin Nir, Morison ističe da je „željela odvojiti rasu od ropstva, da vidi kako je to moglo izgledati, kako je moglo biti, biti rob, ali van konteksta rasizma, odnosno rasne inferiornosti” (Morrison, 2013). Radnja romana ukazuje na činjenicu da ropstvo i rasizam u Americi nisu postojali od samog nastanka, od njezinih kolonijalnih početaka, već da su, zapravo, nastali tako što su bili konstruisani, podmetnuti, institucionalizovani i na kraju ozakonjeni, a autorka kroz male, lične priče marginaliziranih osoba iscrtava taj put i to s naglaskom na ženskom iskustvu.

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GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE IN SCHOOLS IN ROMANIA

Author(s): Ana Vladescu,Bogdan BORȘ,Denisa Leonte / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The article presents the results of a mixed-method study undertaken in Romanian public schools on the incidence of violence and gender-based violence (GBV) in children aged 11-15. In this regard, we underline the importance of social and gender norms affecting the perpetration and protraction of violent behaviour amongst children, as well as the importance of differing perception biases affecting the understanding and prevention of violent behaviour within the institutional setting. Using quantitative and qualitative methods, we identify differing typologies of perpetrators and victims, as well as how cultural and social norms provide a baseline identification with certain types of violence, when the element of gender is taken into consideration.

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Jewish Businessmen and Businesswomen in the Shoemaking Industry in the Bohemian Lands until the End of the First World War

Author(s): Martin Jemelka / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

In the middle of the 19th century, the first shoemaking factories began to spring up in the Bohemian lands. Their founders were almost exclusively Jewish businessmen. Until the end of the First World War and the post-war rise of the Zlín giant Baťa, Jewish entrepreneurs were the leading force behind the footwear industry, which was belatedly industrialized in the years around the First World War. The road to the forefront of industrial shoe production before 1918 led through generational Jewish involvement in leather processing and through entrepreneurship in the industrial production of textiles, technologically related to the footwear industry. This study focuses on the long-term trajectories that led Jewish entrepreneurs to industrial shoe production from the mid-19th century to the first quarter of the 20th century. It further examines female entrepreneurs in footwear manufacturing and trade, and the watershed era of the Great War, when most of the shoe joint-stock companies, again Jewish-owned, were constituted.

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Половите стереотипи и нагласи в образованието: преодоляване на предизвикателствата в Румъния

Author(s): Olga Stoyanova-Encheva / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

This study examines the influence of gender stereotypes and attitudes on educational outcomes in Romania, highlighting the persistent challenges and potential strategies for advancing gender equality in schools. Despite significant progress in other domains, Romanian educational institutions remain affected by deeply rooted gender biases that impact both students’ academic achievements and personal development. The research underscores that these stereotypes shape not only students’ self-concepts and ambitions but also affect teacher expectations and instructional methods. To address these issues, the study recommends a multifaceted approach that includes revising curricula, adopting inclusive pedagogical practices, and launching public awareness campaigns to address and transform entrenched gender biases.

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WOMEN'S CONTRIBUTION TO THE LIBERATION OF KOSOVO IN 1998-1999

Author(s): Moses KAMBERI / Language(s): English Issue: 21-22/2024

The work brings to mind the years 1998 and 1999 in Kosovo, which brought a lot of suffering. Serbian forces carried out massacres, murders, raped women and men and destroyed almost the entire country. Approximately 90% of Kosovo Albanians were forcibly expelled from their homes. The paper brings to attention a contemporary issue, in these times of horror that are being repeated in the same form again in Ukraine and Palestine, groups of women and girls who are raped, massacred and killed, help displaced people with food, support, medical care, housing and education.Over 20 thousand Albanian women and girls were raped by the Serbs during the years 1998-1999. The harrowing narratives of Kosovar women and girls reveal the barbaric violence that the Serbs have inflicted on women, girls, mothers, children and men, who became victims of rape during the war. The role of women in Kosovo, in this war, was as important as the role of women for the creation of a new life.This research is based on real statistics of the testimonies of women and girls during the war in Kosovo. According to the records, women and girls got knowledge about weapons and ammunition and became part of the national liberation struggle. The women became the informers of the massacres that the Serbs would do in the towns and villages, preventing them.The lack of an accurate number of women participating in the war for the liberation of Kosovo means that they do not take their rightful place in this war. They deserve recognition. According to the data, there was a considerable number of women in the guerrilla BIA. Women had a key role in the liberation of the country, they must have been forgotten by the free state of Kosovo.The contribution and sacrifices of women during the war in Kosovo were unparalleled, they aimed at the war and the liberation of the Albanian lands. In many studies, this role of women in liberation has not been identified, due attention has not been paid to it, and this is related to the existence of patriarchal norms of Kosovar society. The exclusion of women from this active contribution is related to these norms and this study makes an effort to bring this contribution of women to the liberation war of Kosovo. The study brings to attention that the contribution of women during the war should be documented and be part of our oral and written history, whose contribution has been little described.

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Polno selektivni abortusi u Crnoj Gori – pravno-antropološka analiza

Author(s): Jovana M. Banović,Branko Banović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2024

In the old Montenegrin masculine patriarchal culture, having children was one of the primary motivations for marriage. Women in labour faced significant community pressure to give birth to a male child, as evidenced by various ethnographic records and confirmed by contemporary anthropological research. Montenegro exhibits one of the most unbalanced ratios of newborn male to female babies among countries. This necessitates an analysis that integrates legal and anthropological perspectives on son preference. The article explores the socio-historical circumstances and modern expressions of the cult of the male child, followed by an examination of the legal implications of selective abortions. The legal dimension of abortion encompasses a broad normative framework, with the fundamental question concerning the boundary of legal protection in this area, i.e., the limit of state intervention in the personal sphere of individuals and citizens. The legal analysis will also include a reflection on the impact of criminal legal protection on this debate, particularly through the lens of the criminal offense of unlawful termination of pregnancy as stipulated in Article 150 of the Criminal Code of Montenegro. Considering the scope of rights to life, family, and reproduction, and recognizing that pregnancy termination motivated by sex selection is generally prohibited, yet this practice is widespread, the assumption is that the formal legal means to address this issue are limited. As this is a societal phenomenon involving sensitive legal, personal, cultural, religious, political, social, and moral issues, the paper discusses approaches for combating this practice.

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MUSLIMANSKO ŽENSKO PITANJE: PRAVO NA OBRAZOVANJE OD DOLASKA AUSTROUGARSKE DO PRVOG SVJETSKOG RATA NA PROSTORIMA BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE

Author(s): Zubejda Gobeljić,Saudin Gobeljić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 6/2020

Razumijevanje povijesnih tokova, odnosno pojava i procesa u kontekstu savremenih društvenih i religijskih gibanja predstavlja potrebu kako ovovremenoga čovjeka tako i homo bosniacusa. Muslimansko žensko pitanje u kontekstu bosanskohercegovačkoga društva tada, ali i sada predstavlja važan kako povijesni i sociološki tako i religiološki fenomen. Ipso facto, uloga i mjesto žene u određenom društvu jeste prevažan indikator kamo to društvo ide i kakva mu je, u dugoročnome smislu, budućnost. Oslanjanje na konstitutivne i interpretativne izvore islama, uz iznošenje stavova tadašnje bosanskomuslimanske inteligencije, bit će od velike važnosti za ispravno razumijevanje predmetne teme uvažavajući sociokulturne specifičnosti datoga vremena. Posredstvom ovog istraživanja sagledat će se jedan povijesni trenutak u kojem će pravo na obrazovanje biti uskraćeno široj populaciji muslimanskih žena, a čije reperkusije su vidne do današnjih dana. U najkraćem, ovaj rad predstavlja koncizno podsjećanje na veliku tragediju koja je zadesila bosanskohercegovačke muslimane na prijelazu iz 19. u 20. stoljeće, a koja je, nažalost, bila jedina himna toga vremena iskazana i izrečena kroz riječ – neobrazovanost sa posebnim akcentom na muslimansku žensku populaciju.

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Методологија мапирања заједнице – истраживање наслеђа еманципације Ромкиња

Author(s): Marija Đorđević,Bojana Bogdanović,Miloš Rašić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2024

This paper presents the relatively new – in local framework of humanities rarely applied – method of community mapping is introduced and explored. Community mapping is a participatory research approach that focuses on the needs of social groups, that are evaluated and holistically understood in the process; and used as a ground for designing policies for the further development of community research. The main case study of the analysis is the project – “HEROINES: Heritage of Emancipation – Empowering Roma Women through Networks of Solidarity”, implemented by Institute of Ethnography SASA, Roma Women Center “Bibija” and the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade. The project is supported by the Center for the Promotion of Science (CPN). This citizen’s research project uses community mapping as its main method, with Roma women – as simultaneously marginal and marginalized in the broader society – being the main target group and the main representative of the other in their social reality.

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УРБАНОТО ВО МАКЕДОНСКОТО ПОЕТСКО ЖЕНСКО ПИСМО

Author(s): Vinsent Vilchnik / Language(s): Macedonian Issue: 29/2024

The subject of this paper is the urban theme in Macedonian contemporary female poetry and Skopje as the main topos of the lyrical subject, in which she moves, breathes, creates and lives. The analysis of a certain corpus of poetry with an urban theme seeks the answer to the questions of what spirit of the city the analyzed poetesses convey with their urban poetry, what is the dynamic between the lyrical subject (female) and the urban topos of Skopje. In order to create a general picture of this, the poetry of several contemporary Macedonian poetesses was analyzed: D.A. Lori, Snezhana Stojchevska, Iva Damjanovski, Juliana Velichkovska, Biljana Stojanovska, Ana Golejska, Violeta Tancheva-Zlateva and Ivana Jovanovska, whose city, more specifically Skopje, is their inspiration. From the analysis it can be concluded that the city is really a source of identity, inspiration, impetus for social changes and self-discovery. With all analyzed poets, it is inevitable to note that Skopje is the center, the place where their life takes place. Several general components of the urban in the Macedonian female poetic writings can be highlighted: personification of the city, a certain amount of sarcasm in highlighting social and political, even environmental problems of Skopje, mention of the marginalized ones in society, some peculiar forms of flaneurish wandering and getting lost in the city. When reading the poetry, written in the last two decades, one notices that suddenly new topos appear in the poetry. One finds beauty and touch with oneself in different things: in banal, even sometimes primitive details of city life. Poetry becomes more real, more tangible, poetry becomes life.

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