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Изучение старобелорусской и староукраинской литературы в литве между двумя мировыми войнами

Author(s): Marina Ivinskaja / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2005

The thesis studies the perception of three Slavonic literatures (Old Ukrainian, old Belorussian) in Lithuania in the period between two wars. The position and role of these literatures in social and artistic life, their interaction with the Lithuanian folklore and later philology periodically attracted attention since XVI century. From the beginning of XIX century these problems separated into a special branch of comparative studies. Lithuanian scientific and educational literature of 1920-1930s is characterized by an increasing attention to medieval Old Belorussian and Old Ukrainian chronicles and annals; they were considered as Lithuanian as they gave an account of the Lithuanian history from the very beginning till the end of XV century, regarding it from a wide national point of view. In the specified period a special role of the old Belorussian, old Ukrainian literatures in the forming of ethnic and national self-consciousness of Lithuanians increased. The chronicle descriptions of the Lithuanian tribe’s settlement territory, the constant flow of seasons, flora and fauna, the beauty of the sky and the earth, traditions, clothing, crafts, the people’s appearance, their songs, ceremonies, pagan and later Christian concepts were effectively portrayed in many popular, pedagogical and scientific editions.

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МАЛЫЯ І МІНІМАЛЬНЫЯ ЛІРЫЧНЫЯ ФОРМЫ У БЕЛАРУСКАЙ І ЗАМЕЖНАЙ ЛІТАРАТУРАХ: ГІСТОРЫКА-КУЛЬТУРНАЯ ПЕРСПЕКТЫВА

МАЛЫЯ І МІНІМАЛЬНЫЯ ЛІРЫЧНЫЯ ФОРМЫ У БЕЛАРУСКАЙ І ЗАМЕЖНАЙ ЛІТАРАТУРАХ: ГІСТОРЫКА-КУЛЬТУРНАЯ ПЕРСПЕКТЫВА

Author(s): Lûdmila Sadko / Language(s): Belarusian Issue: 11/2019

The author of the article discusses the stages in creating aesthetics and poetics in small and miniature lyric forms in Belarusian and foreign literature from antiquity to modern times. On the basis of literature of various periods the author analyzes such forms as “vacuum poetry”, texts with the reduction of formally significant components, texts with one word/sign repeated once or several times, udeterone, or single-liner, monopoem.

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АПАВЯДАЛЬНІЦКІЯ СТРАТЭГІІ УУ РАМАНАХ «ЗАХОДНІКІ» ГЕНРЫХА ДАЛІДОВІЧА І «АХВЯРЫ» ТАІСЫ БОНДАР

АПАВЯДАЛЬНІЦКІЯ СТРАТЭГІІ УУ РАМАНАХ «ЗАХОДНІКІ» ГЕНРЫХА ДАЛІДОВІЧА І «АХВЯРЫ» ТАІСЫ БОНДАР

Author(s): Hanna Nawasielcawa / Language(s): Belarusian Issue: 11/2019

Belarusian literature witnessed artistic renewal of a novel between 1990–1995. “I” as a dominant aesthetic strategy was used by Heinrich Dalidovich and Taisa Bondar. “Westerners” – the novel with one character and “Victims” – the novel with many characters discuss many questions, present the authors’ increased interest in an individual in difficult historical circumstances. Writers explore the past and the present of their characters in moral and social conditions, emphasize national content of philosophical context.

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ПОСТАЦЬ НЕМЦА У БЕЛАРУСКАЙ ВАЕННАЙ ПРОЗЕ ХХ СТАГОДДЗЯ

ПОСТАЦЬ НЕМЦА У БЕЛАРУСКАЙ ВАЕННАЙ ПРОЗЕ ХХ СТАГОДДЗЯ

Author(s): Zoja Tracciak / Language(s): Belarusian Issue: 11/2019

The article is devoted to Belarusian war prose in the 20th century which portraits a German who has been presented as an enemy, a nonconformist rejecting official ideology, and an ethnic German outside Germany. Specific common features that characterize works written by Z. Biadulia, A. Harodnia, C. Hartny,M. Harecki, E. Samujlionok with A. Adamoviˇc, V. Byka˘u, L. Dajnieka, I. ˇCyhryna˘u heritage have been revealed. A tendency to abandon a simplified image of a German as an enemy popular in the 1940s–50s has been pointed out.

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Беларуска-польскае лiтаратурнае памежжа ў эстэтычнай прасторы ХIХ стагоддзя

Беларуска-польскае лiтаратурнае памежжа ў эстэтычнай прасторы ХIХ стагоддзя

Author(s): Anatol Brusewicz / Language(s): Belarusian Issue: 12/2020

The article is devoted to the problems of penetration of Western Europe romanticism (German in particular) into Poland and Belarus as a result of which the whole aesthetic and artistic paradigm of Belarusian-Polish literary borderland is gradually changing, opening new horizons for verbal art. One of the features of the functioning of this paradigm is its relatively smooth transition from the classic model to the romantic model, which was largely facilitated by the political situation, uniting both the Classicists and the Romanticists in an effort to regain the lost independence of their homeland, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Thus, in the process of dialogue, and in the confrontation between representatives of classicism and romanticism, the idea of freedom becomes a key one. It formed the main vectors of development of the Belarusian-Polish literary borderland in the aesthetic space of the 19th century.

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Ад мiфу да лiтаратуры: сюжэты натуралiстычных паданняў у рамантычнай прозе Iспанii i Беларусi

Ад мiфу да лiтаратуры: сюжэты натуралiстычных паданняў у рамантычнай прозе Iспанii i Беларусi

Author(s): Angela Espinosa Ruiz / Language(s): Belarusian Issue: 12/2020

In the article we investigate the usage of both motifs and formal particularities of popular naturalistic legends in the prose of romantic writers from European periphery, especially in books written by Spanish prose writer Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer and Belarusian prose writer Jan Barˇsˇce˘uski. We determine similarities and differences between various forms of popular prose (fairy tales, fables and legends) and investigate the influence of legends on the prose of the romantic period and the reasons for its dominance in the given genre. Based on these principles, we analyze specific examples of time and space elements of the narration in mythology and folklore, as well as the main features of the usage of the aforementioned elements by romantic writers. The article therefore uncovers the role of naturalistic legends in the formation of the literary systems of romantic period, which opens new perspectives for European comparative and literary studies.

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Антиутопические произведения Евгения Замятина и Василя Гигевича: к проблеме сходства и различий

Антиутопические произведения Евгения Замятина и Василя Гигевича: к проблеме сходства и различий

Author(s): Anna Alsztyniuk / Language(s): Russian Issue: 20/2020

The article analyses Zamyatin’s novel We (1921) and Hihiewicz’s story Martian Journey (1990). Zamyatin is considered to be the father of the anti-utopian genre, and We became a source of inspiration for many writers, including George Orwell and Aldous Huxley. Hihiewicz, in his works, repeatedly portrayed the society of the future, completely subordinated to the system of state power. Similar issues and kinds of narration are the main features that link both analysed works. However, the transformation of Zamyatin’s protagonist is only temporary, as a consequence of which he returns to the initial situation, to the life absolutely subordinated to the state power. On the other hand, Hihiewicz’s protagonists solve existential problems by choosing between life in captivity and death.

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Да праблемы развiцця беларускай духоўнай паэзii: творчасць Зьнiча (Алега Бембеля)

Да праблемы развiцця беларускай духоўнай паэзii: творчасць Зьнiча (Алега Бембеля)

Author(s): Halina Twaranowicz / Language(s): Belarusian Issue: 20/2020

The article analyses the biographical and creative path of Znicz, the Belarusian poet, philosopher and conservatory graduate. His poems consistently express spiritual search, which is characterized by the author’s dominant theocentric worldview (in 1996 Aleh Biembiel took the monastic vows of Zhyrovichy Monastery). Znicz’s poetry continues the excellent tradition of his great predecessors – ascetics and penitents. His poetry reveals the pursuit of reconciliation on the basis of unquestionable millennium-old Christian values with the fundamental values of the nation state, especially within the understanding of the concept of patriotism.

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ZWIERZĘTA W WYBRANYCH TEKSTACH POLSKIEGO, ROSYJSKIEGO I BIAŁORUSKIEGO LEKAROWANIA

ZWIERZĘTA W WYBRANYCH TEKSTACH POLSKIEGO, ROSYJSKIEGO I BIAŁORUSKIEGO LEKAROWANIA

Author(s): Krystyna Szcześniak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 68/2020

The article concerns the presence of animals in folk magical texts, their treatment and place in society. The author states that regardless of the language of zamowa or medical text, many of them mention plants when treating. Many of them also require their use. The plants themselves were often collected at a specific time, blessed during various religious holidays (usually on August 15), and dried and stored in designated places. They very used in the event of illness of people, as well as domestic animals (most often cows, horses, less often pigs, sheep or goats, and exceptionally chickens). People believed that plants were also helpful in diseases caused by evil forces, witches and milk witches.

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Канстанцыя Буйло: шлях да мастацкай незалежнасцi

Канстанцыя Буйло: шлях да мастацкай незалежнасцi

Author(s): Światłana Kaladka / Language(s): Belarusian Issue: 13/2021

The article discusses the life and creative path of Constance Bouylo under the influence of its social mythologization. The role of the poetry collection “Mound Flower” and the poem “I love” in the creative biography of the author has been determined. It tells about the poetess’s friendship with Yanka Kupala, Vladislava Frantsevna Lutsevich, Nina Taras. The influence of the biography on the changes of the artistic paradigm, the creative method, the picture of the world and, in general, the art world of Constance Buylo have been analyzed. The author of the article presents the processes of socialization, ideologization, mythologization, schematization in the writing of poetry.

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Таталiтарная эстэтыка ў беларускай паэзii (на прыкладзе творчасцi Яўгенii Пфляўмбаўм)

Таталiтарная эстэтыка ў беларускай паэзii (на прыкладзе творчасцi Яўгенii Пфляўмбаўм)

Author(s): Aksana Danilczyk / Language(s): Belarusian Issue: 13/2021

The problem of studying characteristics of the art of the totalitarian period remains relevant for several reasons. The first reason is the insufficient research of significant and very interesting material in the whole post-Soviet space in general and in Belarusian literary criticism in particular, the second one is a comprehensive understanding of the literary process of the 1920s and 1930s and the poet’s artistic achievements in the light of new research regarding interdisciplinary discourse that needs to be carried out. The object of the research is represented, first of all, by the works on propaganda. It is especially important to analyze them in the legacy of significant authors, one of whom is Jeugenij Pflaumbaum. In general, his work has been little studied. In J. Pflaumbaum’s works of 1928–1931, the archetypes of the hero, the father, the mother and the enemy (H. Gunther), typical of the art of new or socialist realism, are displayed.

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Рамантычны фалькларызм Адама Мiцкевiча i Яна Баршчэўскага: пераемнасць i творчае развiццë (да 170-цi годдзя з дня развiтання з Янам Баршчэўскiм)

Рамантычны фалькларызм Адама Мiцкевiча i Яна Баршчэўскага: пераемнасць i творчае развiццë (да 170-цi годдзя з дня развiтання з Янам Баршчэўскiм)

Author(s): Serż Minskiewicz / Language(s): Belarusian Issue: 13/2021

The article studies similarities and differences in Adam Mitskevich’s and Jan Barshchevski’s methods and creative approaches. Special attention is paid to folklorism in the writers’ works. The author of the article conducts a comparative analysis of Jan Barshchevski’s poem Sierota (The Orphan) and the collection of stories Szlachcic Zawalnia, czyli Białoruś w fantastycznych opowiadaniach (Nobleman Zawalnia, or Belarus in Fantastic Stories) to the poem Dziady (Forefathers) by Adam Mickiewicz. An undoubtedly successful innovation of Jan Barshchevski was the transfer of romantic folklorism into prose. This allowed the writer to create vivid and exciting pictures of life and moral world of Belarusians. The article is devoted to the 170th anniversary of Jan Barshchevski’s farewell ceremony.

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Паэма Янкi Купалы “Сон на кургане”: асаблiвасцi мастацкага свету

Паэма Янкi Купалы “Сон на кургане”: асаблiвасцi мастацкага свету

Author(s): Aleś Makarevich / Language(s): Belarusian Issue: 13/2021

n the poem “Son na kurganye” by Yanka Kupala the author uses symbolic form and content (dream, night dream) in order to present the existence of man from the perspective of his entitled fate and hostility of existential space. The author of the article directs his attention to the presence of poet’s social predictions for Belarusians. Symbolic form and content, conventionality of artistic form and its elements (mysticism, recurrence, analogy of events, etc.), semantic code, problems, combination of the past, present and future in the space of dream-code have been analyzed. In order to reinforce conclusions about the conceptual way of artistic presentation of reality in Y. Kupala’s oeuvre, the author compares the poem “Son na kurganye” to other poems (“Razlad”, “Son”, “Syabroutsam na doli”, “Prystal k žit’..”, “Prarok”, “Uwies da dna”, “Viečarynka”, “Adviečnaya piesnya”, “Kurgan”, “Yana i ya”, tragycomedy “Tuteyšija”).

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Мотив палингенесии в мегатексте Первой мировой войны

Мотив палингенесии в мегатексте Первой мировой войны

Author(s): Diana Molchanova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 14/2021

The paper explores poems by Russian and Belarusian authors written during World War I and directly related to this historical phenomenon. The presence of a common “mission” – that of overcoming death and destruction – induces the author to combine these texts into a megatext. Problems related to the creation and existence of supertext formations have become a priority of research in modern literary studies. The range of such polytextual unities is gradually expanding and has been acquiring a tradition of scholarly description. In this regard, the question of whether to consider the text(s) of World War I as a megatext is a legitimate one and requires an answer. A megatext ought to be understood as a synthetic supersaturated text that preserves traces of an “extra-textual substrate”. The megatext of World War I, from our point of view, is a complex semiotic formation of a mythopoetic nature. An analysis of the poetry of this period (1914–1915) reveals a similarity between the texts of authors that belong to different literary trends and schools as well as to different national literatures. This similarity can be explained by the influence of a common “mission”, and this is why the poems reproduce the same model of the world. This model of the world can be investigated through motives; among them the author of the paper indicates images of fire, including the world conflagration, in combination with images of food. The unifying principle behind these images can be identified as the motif of palingenesis, which indicates the substrate mythologem of rebirth or resurrection. The peculiarity of “life-and-death” issue in the megatext of the World War I is that the “eternal return” and rebirth lead not to a renewal, but to a circular movement between deaths: after dying in the universal conflagration, the world is not reborn, as could be expected. Cyclical by its nature, the mythological plot finds its realisation in this megatext in the form of a cumulative chain.

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Литературна история, формиране на полета и транснационални пространства на възможности. Литературата в пространството на Беларус през 1920-те
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Литературна история, формиране на полета и транснационални пространства на възможности. Литературата в пространството на Беларус през 1920-те

Author(s): Gun‑Britt Kohler,Pavel I. Navumenka / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 26/2021

As a literature that develops in the historically multi-ethnic and multi-confessional transitional space between Slavia latina and Slavia orthodoxa, the literature of Belarus challenges the validity of the “grand narrative” in a special way. At the same time, as a “small” literature, the development of which has taken place over the centuries and until recent times in the spheres of dominance of neighboring “bigger” literatures (Russian and Polish), Belarusian literature seems to reveal some problems of a transnational approach, which perpetuates mechanisms of exclusion and absorption. Based on these considerations, the article first outlines an alternative approach for a “grand narrative” based on the parameters of cultural space, open chronology, and institutional development. Within the framework of this model is then systematically examined the transnational potential of Belarusian literature from an institutional perspective, using literary development in the 1920s as an example. This shows that the transnational potential resulting especially from multilingualism is superimposed institutionally and ideologically by the concept of the “multi-nationality” of proletarian literature, with different languages pre- structuring different “Spaces of possibles.” The realization of transnational spaces of possibles seems to be open above all to Jewish authors, as the case study on Samuil Plaŭnik (Zmitrok Bjadulja) shows.

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Przestrzeń, wojna i pamięć w dokumentalno-artystycznej prozie Swietłany Aleksijewicz

Przestrzeń, wojna i pamięć w dokumentalno-artystycznej prozie Swietłany Aleksijewicz

Author(s): Svetlana Pavlenko / Language(s): Polish Issue: 171/2020

The analysis of literature evidences of the Great Patriotic War is closely connected with the consideration of the category of space. The war scenery represents not only the model of geographical space but has the symbolic status acting as the place of memory. The aim of the present article is the research of memory sceneries presented in the first two books of the Nobel prize winner Svetlana Alexievich. In the works of Belarusian writer the space, war and memory act in different configurations, creating complicated and multi-level system where the number of repeating motives and images can be found. The peculiarities of women and children memory functioning determine the ways of constructing space and identity of a person in it. The article analyzes various types of the space: the own and the others one, the space of initiation, the taboo spaces, acoustic space, heterotopias, etc. composing the world of the Great Patriotic war seen by the eyes of Alexievich characters.

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ДВА ЈУБИЛЕЈА ПРОФ. ДР ИВАНА ЧАРОТЕ

ДВА ЈУБИЛЕЈА ПРОФ. ДР ИВАНА ЧАРОТЕ

Author(s): Dajana Lazarević / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1-2/2022

Херој славистичке науке и јунак наше приче не жели да буде први, не жели да буде испред других. Али његови студенти, људи који га слушају и воле и који су упознати са његовим радом - упорно га стављају на заслужени трон. О његово друштво се многи отимају, боре се за разговор, савет, тренутак пажње. Неки људи, који га први пут виде, полете му у сусрет да га загрле и пољубе, као рођеног брата. А он је увек једнако драг, фин и скроман, иако је за сва времена задужио и српски народ и филологију – проф. др Иван Чарота, Белорус у чијим грудима куца српско срце.

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Pobożność i pasja: poezja Walanciny Aksak

Pobożność i pasja: poezja Walanciny Aksak

Author(s): Arnold McMillin / Language(s): English Issue: 15/2021

Valiancina Aksak’s gentle yet mysteriously strong lyrics cover a wide range of topics including the Church and Christian belief, Belarusian identity, and indignation at the betrayal of national values, wine, music, flowers and the language itself, which she handles with a very individual mastery. Much of her verse is subtle and understated, although she is also capable of very clear descriptions of people and places and the various qualities and effects of wine. A highly musical poet, she also makes several references to classical music, and her verses about family, both children and parents are very touching indeed. She is a poet whose work deserves to be better known.

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Быліцы, расказы Навума Вінцэнта Дуніна-Марцінкевіча: творчая гісторыя і супярэчнасці ідэйна-мастацкай інтэрпрэтацыі

Быліцы, расказы Навума Вінцэнта Дуніна-Марцінкевіча: творчая гісторыя і супярэчнасці ідэйна-мастацкай інтэрпрэтацыі

Author(s): Ihar Zaprudski / Language(s): Belarusian Issue: 16/2022

The article is devoted to the creative history, the circumstances of the first publication in 1946 and turns of reception in Belarusian literary criticism of Bylicy, raskazy Navuma (Tales, Stories of Navum) (1857) by Vincent Dunin-Marcinkievich, the last (sixth) in the cycle of Belarusian epic poems of the writer. In the 1850s the genre of travel became especially popular in multilingual Belarusian literature, there were discussions about the creation of written literature for people, which influenced on the content and form of Bylicy, raskazy Navuma. Experimentalism, complexity, the fundamental denial of orientation on artistic ethnography, the connection of issues with the current socio-political questions of the epoch, the image of a new hero-peasant, a distinctive representative of the Homeland, the opposition of local / foreign, complicated composition with two independent components Zlaja žonka (Angry wife) and Chalimon na karanacyi (Khalimon at the coronation) became dominant and artistically important methods of achieving expected reader’s impression. The peculiarities of the author's worldview, the relevance of topics, specifics of the genre, compositional distinctiveness and poetics have become the cause of debatable aspects in the ideological and artistic interpretation of the work by well-known domestic literary critics. In the 1930s, according to vulgar sociological assessments V. Dunin-Marcinkievich was characterized as reactionary writer-slave, Bylicy… was qualified as a contradictory work and full of tsarist illusions. The role of Belarusian researchers of the second half of the 20th – early 21st centuries has been traced in denying the primitive interpretive schemes of vulgarizers. The significance of Bylicy… in the process of the author’s creative evolution and in the history of national beautiful writing is clarified.

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Аўтарскія стратэгіі ў беларускай і італьянскай
жаночай паэзіі міжваеннага перыяду (Наталля
Арсеннева, Яўгенія Пфляўмбаўм, Антонія Поццы)

Аўтарскія стратэгіі ў беларускай і італьянскай жаночай паэзіі міжваеннага перыяду (Наталля Арсеннева, Яўгенія Пфляўмбаўм, Антонія Поццы)

Author(s): Aksana Danilchyk / Language(s): Belarusian Issue: 16/2022

The article deals with the problem of the author’s strategies on the example of Belarusian and Italian women's poetry of the interwar period, in particular, Belarusian poetesses Natallia Arsiennieva, Jaughenia Pflaumbaum and Italian poetess Antonia Pozzi. There are several common themes in their works11: beauty /magnificence, creativity/ of the poetry, nature and its close connection with the emotional state of the lyrical character, as well as distancing from social motives. The article examines how the authorial strategies of poetesses changed during this period.

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