SOME DIMINUTIVE FORMS CONTAINING THE SUFFIX -EL USED ON THE INTERNET IN THE LAST FIVE YEARS (2019-2024)

Author(s): Anda Lăscuș / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 36/2024

The class of diminutives on the online environment is characterized by evolution, mostly a quantitative one, in the sense that it is constantly enriching with recent and neological diminutive forms. In the present article, the term ʺdiminutiveʺ will reffer to words that convey the notion of ʺsmallnessʺ which can be interpreted literally or metaphorically, by adding a diminutive suffix (in our case ʺ-elʺ) to a base word. The aim of the present descriptive study is to make an inventory of some new diminutive forms containing the suffix ʺ-elʺ excerpted from the Internet in the last five years and in this way to illustrate the creativity of Internet users. The focus will be on morphological cathegories of the diminutives: nouns, adjectives, adverbs and interjections. These will be presented along with the context in which they were used, all of them being selected from the virtual space, from different online conversations.

THE PRAGMATICS OF DISCOURSE IN HEALTH CARE AND FOOD ADVERTISING TEXTS- A CROSSLINGUISTIC APPROACH IN TERMS OF ‘DEDICATED’ PHRASES (ENGLISH – ROMANIAN)

Author(s): Andreea DINU / Language(s): English Issue: 36/2024

This article aims to analyze the pragmatics of the advertising discourse. We live in a world in which advertising and the advertising discourse have a major significance. There are advertising messages or discourses with a pure informative purpose, but there are also other patterns, such as: the metalinguistic advertising discourse, the poetic advertising discourse, the advertising discourse with an expressive or emotional function, the advertising message with a conative or phatic function. Some forms of advertising discourse have cognitive and communicative functions. By means of this article, we tried to sketch a general view on the advertising discourse and its functions. We illustrated these theoretical examples with a series of illustrative examples, featuring some of the most famous commercials. To create a brand implies, in the end, concentration, efficacy, efficiency and coherence, all these dimensions and valences being present in the advertising discourse.

LEXICAL MODIFIERS IN THE ROMANIAN JOURNALISTIC DISCOURSE

Author(s): Emanuela Păduraru / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 36/2024

This article aims to present concepts and theories to be used later in the analysis of linguistic sequences containing lexical modifiers which come from the Romanian journalistic discourse. To begin with, an incursion will be made from a theoretical perspective in order to establish the meaning of concepts such as: lexical, grammatical, lexico-grammatical and prosodic modalizers. In the second part of the article, the types of lexical modifiers will be approached semantically, grammatically and pragmatically.

THE RECEIPT OF THE EDITORIAL

Author(s): Eliza Pop / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 36/2024

Starting from the main communication actuators, the transmitter and the receiver, the aim of this study is to analyze the editorial texts from the perspective of the receiver, i.e. the reader. Thanks to the facilities offered by the online environment, we have based our research on the comments found in the dedicated fields on the online pages of the publications from which the corpus was formed. The analysis led to an attempt to categorize messages from readers based on their content or formal layout: we have identified comments that refer to the content of the editorials, comments through which readers question the author of the text, or comments that are published as replies to previous comments on the same text. Regardless of the category these messages fall into, they prove the need for information and the individuals’ concern towards the issues discussed in the press.

EXPLORING SOCIAL REALITY IN ROMANIAN, ENGLISH AND FRENCH ANTONYMIC PHRASEOLOGIES: “SUCCESS” AND “UNSUCCESS”

Author(s): Oana Balan / Language(s): English Issue: 36/2024

This paper examines the social reality and cultural relativity surrounding the concepts of ‘success’ and ‘unsuccess’ across Romanian, English and French phraseologies and the way they are reflective of the values, norms, and aspirations of a society. Drawing upon cognitive linguistics theories, the analysis delves into linguistic expressions and cultural narratives related to ‘success’ and ‘unsuccess’, while also considering the biographies of prominent figures such as Queen Elizabeth II, Coco Chanel and Queen Mary of Romania. By comparing linguistic representations and cultural attitudes towards success and unsuccess in these three languages, this study aims to highlight both the similarities and differences between societies and their perceptions of achievement and failure.

CALQUE AND LANGUAGE IDEOLOGY IN CONTEMPORARY JOURNALISM

Author(s): Ionela-Cristina Bogdan (Sandu) / Language(s): English Issue: 36/2024

The aim of this paper is to show that the calque phenomenon has a major impact on the process of Romanian contemporary journalism, leading to its evolution. This way, the evolution of the press has also had a major impact on the media phenomenon. The process of calque, also known as loan translation, has been a subject of study in terms of enhancing a language's vocabulary through external methods. This aids the formation of fresh terminologies in both general and specialized areas of language.

CULTURAL AND LINGUISTIC RECEPTION OF THE HEART (CASE STUDY: GREEK IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS)

Author(s): Ștefan Dumitru / Language(s): English Issue: 36/2024

From the perspective of cognitive linguistics, the Greek idiomatic expressions whose core term is the noun “heart” confirm the cultural representations of it in the most important cultures: headquarters of emotions and feelings, of reason and conscious decisions, of will. The three levels of human consciousness are captured in various ways in the corpus of the sixty-three expressions inventoried. In the present research we highlighted both the correspondences between the two domains established by cognitive linguistics, as well as their essential coordinates. The drafting of similar studies will allow the formulation of conclusions that interest both the study of Greek mentalities (with interdisciplinary developments) and modern directions of language study, such as neurolinguistics.

Осъзнавани и неосъзнавани правоговорни проблеми (от перспективата на езиковото консултиране)

Author(s): Milen Tomov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: Special/2024

The proposed paper presents the results of a study on inquiries to the Language Consulations Service related to orthographic problems. Based on the classification and analysis of the received questions, also taking into account the reasons for seeking specialized linguistic help, the problems of standard language pronunciation are outlined, which are realized by users and accordingly give rise to the need of consultations, and, on the other hand, the orthographic phenomena of which there is a complete lack of user interest. Attention is also paid to the different ways in which the questioners react to the realized orthographic problems – either through a specific enquiry arising from a hesitation or by expressing a critical attitude towards a given orthographic phenomena. Conclusions are drawn regarding the reasons for the very low interest in orthoеpic issues in general among users.

За някои разстройства на детската реч: ранен детски аутизъм, вербална диспраксия на развитието, фетален алкохолен синдром

Author(s): Evelina Grigorova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: Special/2024

The main function of speech is the communicative one, i.e. the transmission of comprehensive information from the speaker to his interlocutor and vice versa. The communicative chain model has long been known in linguistics and its simplified form includes addressee (encoding)→ message/noise→ (decoding)→ addressee. It can be seen that interference could occur on both sides of the communication chain. In this paper, we will briefly describe some problems in communication due to pervasive developmental disorders such as early childhood autism as well as developmental verbal dyspraxia, and fetal alcohol syndrome. A relationship between neural patterns and the disorders under consideration will be outlined in general terms.

První korpus mluvčích češtiny v dětském věku

Author(s): Anna Chromá,Klára Matiasovitsová / Language(s): Czech Issue: 1/2024

The article discusses the Chroma corpus, a newly published dataset capturing the spoken interactions of monolingual Czech children aged 19 to 49 months. This corpus fills a chronological gap in Czech language acquisition research and is part of the international CHILDES database. The Chroma corpus includes audio recordings of spontaneous interactions between children and their caregivers, recorded longitudinally over 11 to 27 months. These recordings are transcribed using the CHAT transcription system, which is standard for CHILDES. The corpus contains 99,388 tokens in children's utterances and 238,211 tokens in adult utterances. The transcriptions are annotated morphologically using the MorphoDiTa tool, allowing for detailed linguistic analysis. The Chroma corpus is a significant resource for studying various linguistic phenomena, including morphological and syntactic innovations, and contributes to the broader understanding of first language acquisition.

Integrace řečových dovedností v testování češtiny pro cizince

Author(s): Vladimíra Pechová / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2023

The integration of language skills as an integral part of the everyday communication is reflected in modern methods of teaching second language. However, many high-stakes language exams still assess language skills separately. To reflect modern trends, an inte¬grated listening-to-writing task was included in the end-of-course exams of Czech at the Institute of Language and Preparatory Studies, Charles University in Prague. Passing this exam and getting a certificate of language proficiency allow students to apply for Czech public universities and study in Czech. In this paper the content, construct and decisi¬on to include integrated task in the exam will be discussed from an experience based perspective.

Výuka češtiny na bohemistice na Vídeňské univerzitě

Author(s): Markéta Schürz Pochylová / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2023

In addition to the theoretical study of the language, students of Czech studies in Vienna can also develop their practical knowledge of Czech by communicating with native speakers from the Czech minority. Students with different language backgrounds meet in the same class during their studies. We asked ourselves whether previous knowledge of the Slavic language is an advantage or disadvantage. We pointed out the typical manifestations of interference from German to Czech and showed what errors it causes and on which language levels.

Je to pravda, pretože si to myslím. Argumentačné schopnosti žiakov mladšieho školského veku v Českej republike

Author(s): Klára Eliášková,Martina Šmejkalová / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2023

This paper presents some results of the research project Effectiveness of Pedagogical Interventions against School Failure at Primary School, which examines the causes of school failure in primary school pupils in the Czech Republic from a variety of educational perspectives. Our part of the research focuses on the teaching of mother tongue as a subject and, based on the analysis of the obtained data, it provides findings as to whether Grade 2 primary school pupils are able to make age-appropriate factual utterances and whether they are able to maintain semantic and logical consistency in their argumentative utterances about non-verbal text. The main part of the paper analyses the relationship between the questions that the pupils were asked and their responses to them. Also, this paper investigates whether this skill is being properly developed in primary schools. Although we present the results of a research which was carried out in the Czech Republic, we assumeit may also be useful in international contexts. From the perspective of practical application, it may serve as an important source of inspiration, particularly with respect to language teachers in the countries affected by the former Soviet Union’s educational policies and similar didactic models.

Vliv tempa a frázování čteného textu na porozumění

Author(s): Jana Vlčková-Mejvaldová / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2023

The study investigates whether and to what extent speaking rate and phrasing affect the comprehension of a read text. Three groups of listeners were presented with three different versions ofa naturally read text. The versions were acquired naturally, i.e., without speech signal modification,in three ways: using normal speech rate and phrasing corresponding to the logical and syntactic structure of the text, using high speech rate with preserved logical phrasing, and, finally, using natural speech rate with distorted phrasing. The three recordings were presented to three comparable groups of respondents respectively. Their task was to determine whether the statements related to the text were true. It turned out that an increase in speech rate affected comprehension minimally, while chaotic phrasing caused a decrease in comprehension of up to 33%.

THE STUDENT'S OPINION - DEMOCRACY IN THE PRESS

Author(s): Valentina Andreea Popovici / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 37/2024

Reading the political articles in the current press, we find that the journalistic style has undergone strong changes, mostly after the year 2000. The Romanian press of the last two decades contains articles in which there is an interference of styles, but also from a thematic point of view one can notice the intermingling of the news with the subjuctive interpretation pushed to the extreme with the pertinent or less pertinent opinion of the journalist who cannot refrain himself from metaphors as rich in nuances as possible when presenting either political or social events.

THE RATIONALITY OF ADVERTISING. AN ANALYSIS OF RATIONAL, EMOTIONAL, INTEGRATIVE AND MECHANISTIC ADVERTISING

Author(s): Dan-Laurențiu Cardaș-Răduța / Language(s): English Issue: 37/2024

Given that several opinions have emerged in the literature over time according to which advertising addresses the irrational side of the public, this study aims to demonstrate that there is rationality even in types of advertising that at first glance do not target the consumers' rationality: emotional, mechanistic and integrative advertising. The study also aims to identify what types of rationality exist in these types of advertising, with reference to the Weberian theory of rationality, from which it focuses on instrumental rationality and value rationality. The main results of the research show that beyond the emotional impact that advertising has, the public is looking for rational objectives to purchase a product. These objectives are linked to the audience's values and its need to adapt to the demands of society. The study also shows that all types of advertising can be rationalised, as audiences do not automatically react to 'irrational' messages but decide on the basis of reasoning. Advertisers know this game of rationality and irrationality and use it frequently.

Рецензия на монографиs: Петкова-Калева Стефка. Концептът „празнота‟ в езиковото съзнание (върху материал от българския и руския език)

Author(s): Tatyana Chalakova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

Приближаването в пространството в руската и българската езикова картина на света

Author(s): Stefka Petkova-Kaleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

The article is part of author‘s large study, dedicated to the linguistic presentation of the concept of ‗emptiness‘ in the Bulgarian and Russian linguoculture. The semantic components of the situation `approach` are considered as a dynamic conceptual model of distance, as well as the specifics of the verbal forms in the Bulgarian and Russian languages, presenting the situation of approach in its semantic structure. Particular emphasis is placed on the interlingual asymmetry between the elements of the two language systems and their internal semantic distribution.

К вопросу о национально-культурном аспекте русской языковой личности

Author(s): Olga Senatorova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2017

This article is devoted to the national and cultural aspects of the Russian linguistic personality phenomenon. The article is based on the material of the scientific research. The purpose is to identify the specific perception of the world by Russian linguistic personality and to analise phenomena, forming the lingvo-cultural field of Russian language (on the material of Vladimir region linguistic culture).

Универсальное и специфическое в анималистической метафоре

Author(s): Elena Stoyanova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2017

Eagle is one of the oldest symbols. The significance of the eagle as the social and cultural unity is born in the depths of the world culture. Studied language material shows that the semantics of sustainable combinations in different languages determined by the action of such mythologemes as eagle ~ deity and eagle ~ people.