CEEOL - Browse Subjects Result

We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.

Einfluss verbaler und nonverbaler Reize ausgewählter deutschsprachiger Fernsehwerbespots auf das Hervorrufen positiver und negativer Emotionen

Author(s): Emira Premrov / Language(s): German Issue: 2-3/2015

Der Beitrag befasst sich mit der Ermittlung des emotionalen Einflusses verbaler und nonverbaler Elemente ausgewählter deutschsprachiger Fernsehwerbespots. Dazu wurden zehn deutschsprachige Fernsehwerbespots 36 deutschen Probanden vorgeführt. Die Daten wurden mittels vorgelegter Fragebögen, die während der Ausstrahlung jedes Fernsehwerbespots von den Probanden ausgefüllt wurden, erhoben. Unter Einsatz statistischer Verfahren wurden Unterschiede in den durchschnittlichen Werten nonverbaler und verbaler Bestandteile ausgewählter deutschsprachiger Fernsehwerbespots, die als emotionale Auslöser fungiert haben, untersucht. Einerseits bestätigten die Ergebnisse die Dominanz nonverbaler Reize beim Hervorrufen von Emotionen, andererseits zeigen sie beim Auslösen negativer Emotionen keinen statistisch signifikanten Unterschied zwischen dem Paar verbale Reize vs. nonverbale Reize.

More...

REPETITION AND INTERTEXTUALITY AS MODALITIES OF TEXT STRUCTURING AND PERCEPTION

Author(s): Maria Samkova / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

This article examines the relationship between a text structure and the perception of a text from the perspective of linguo-synergetic approach. The paper is grounded in the mathematics of harmony and the theory of intertextuality. Using the metro-rhythmic algorithm, the author reveals symmetrical and asymmetrical repetition, its vertical and horizontal types which influence text perception harmonically. The perception of a linear text is mainly influenced by a non-linear text structure which is revealed at horizontal and vertical scales of repetition and intertextuality. A horizontal type of repetition includes repeated rhythmic units within a coursebook. A vertical type includes lexical and syntactic repetition within one text. Being spaced in time, repetition forms a spiral, due to which a text can be easily perceived and memorized by students. Intertextuality is divided into hypertextuality and paratextuality, presented horizontally; intextuality and architextuality, presented vertically. Intertextuality is an effective way of text interpretation, which activates students’ background knowledge. The article has been written within the broad framework of the field of foreign language acquisition. A polilogue is a text that has intertextual inclusions, repeated lexical and syntactic structures which create a harmonic rhythm that enables key words and sentences to be recycled. Together with task-cycling and spaced retrieval, a harmonically structured polilogue makes a foreign language acquisition effective.

More...

Adaptation Effects in Lexical Processing

Author(s): Christina L. Gagné,Thomas L. Spalding / Language(s): English Issue: 78/2014

Psycholinguistic research generally adopts a scientific strategy that assumes a relatively stable set of representations and processes. In accordance with this strategy, researchers average measurements across trials, in an attempt to get a statistically stable estimate of performance for a given experimental condition. In this paper, we present four sets of example data drawn from various psycholinguistic tasks and show that the psycholinguistic system appears to adapt across the trials of the experiments. We show that there are cases in which a factor has no main effect, but interacts across trial; in other cases there is a main effect of a factor, but that factor also interacts with trial. Finally, we show that there are some cases in which the way that a factor interacts across trials is dependent on other, unrelated conditions included in the experiment. Our discussion focuses on both theoretical and methodological implications of the adaptiveness of the psycholinguistic system.

More...

Letter-name spelling in Polish and English: Different languages, the same strategy (?)

Author(s): Elżbieta Awramiuk,Grażyna Krasowicz-Kupis,Katarzyna Wiejak,Katarzyna Bogdanowicz / Language(s): English Issue: 16/2014

Previous research on children’s invented spelling observed that children can use the name of a letter to code two successive phonemes in a word (e.g. CR ‘car’). This study presents some research results on Polish invented spelling and describes an investigation into the development of early literacy. Our aim is to characterize mistakes made by Polish children at the beginning of schooling and to compare the letter-name spelling strategy in Polish and in English. The results confirm that this strategy is widely used by Polish children. A comparison of two characteristic misspellings: Polish-speaking children’s (RBA ‘ryba’ – fish) and English speaking children’s (HLP ‘help’) shows that the ways of access to literacy (teaching the names of letters vs. phonological training)have a fundamental significance to pre-schoolers’ conception of grapheme-phoneme correspondences.

More...

Osalejate arvamuste muutumine argumenteerimisdialoogis

Author(s): Mare Koit / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 12/2016

The paper discusses a model of argumentation dialogue which includes reasoning. Two participants present arguments for and against doing an action by one of them. The choice of an argument depends, on the one hand, on the beliefs about the positive and negative aspects of doing the action and the needed resources, and on the other hand, on the result of reasoning based on these beliefs. The roles of the two participants are different in dialogue. One participant (the initiator) is using a partner model – the hypothetical beliefs about the partner who is aimed to do the action. At the same time, the partner operates with the actual beliefs. Both the models have to be updated during a dialogue and the updates have to be tracked. The examples considered in the paper are taken from the interactions with an experimental dialogue system. In one case, the system initiates a dialogue and attempts to influence the user to make a decision to do (or not) an action. In the other case, the roles of the computer and the user are reversed. Interaction is text-based, and the participants are using ready-made sentences in Estonian which are classified semantically. The paper concentrates on changes of beliefs in both models during a dialogue.

More...

Vigilance mechanisms in interpretation: hermeneutical vigilance

Author(s): Manuel Padilla Cruz / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

The mind has developed vigilance mechanisms that protect individuals from deception and misinformation (Sperber et al. 2010). They make up a module that checks the reliability and believability of informers and information. Vigilance mechanisms may also comprise a sub-set of specialised mechanisms safeguarding hearers from interpretative mistakes conducive to misunderstanding by triggering an attitude of hermeneutical vigilance (Padilla Cruz 2014). This causes individuals to check the plausibility and acceptability of interpretative hypotheses appearing optimally relevant. Relying on empirical evidence, this paper characterizes this sub-set of mechanisms and suggests some avenues for future research.

More...

Conventional vs unconventional linguistic means of address. (Old and new greetings in Romanian)

Author(s): Daiana Felecan / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

Among the linguistic mechanisms that individuals employ in the process of communication, one can also find means of address. Of these, an important role is played by greetings.This study is aimed at identifying a series of forms / formulas of greeting used in contemporary Romanian public space and analysing them from a structural and functional perspective (with reference to their contextual pragmatic values). Alongside established (grammaticalised / clichéd) units, other forms will be recorded, conveying new semantic values that are determined by situational constraints.Thus, a distinction will be made between two linguistic means of greeting: conventional ones (stylistically neutral and used by the entire community of locutors) and unconventional ones (recent imports, mostly in English, calques, which recreate the original pattern or are borrowed from the source language without any changes and are employed with an ironic or persuasive intention).The corpus will be taken from the Internet.Methodologically, the study will use the theoretical apparatus pertaining to psycho- and sociolinguistics, pragmatics, ethnology, and anthropology.

More...

Psihološki smisao i psihološko značenje književnog dela

Author(s): Nikola Grdinić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 254/1980

Nastojanje svake nauke , pa i psihološke, jeste da raznoliki vid predmeta koji istražuje svede na nekoliko osnovnih i opštih odnosa za koje se pouzdano zna da su zasnovani na kauzalnom principu, odnosno uzročno-poslodičnim vezama. Ako je psihologija pisca shvaćena kao uzrok a delo kao posledica, tada je zadatak kritičara da proučava uzrok (psihu), kako bi razumeo knjževno delo (posledicu).

More...

Репрезентация эмоций группы «сочувствие» в русской языковой картине мира (аксиологический аспект)

Author(s): Larysa Nikolayenko / Language(s): Russian Issue: 13/2016

The article analyzes the axiological characteristics of emotions of the group „Compassion” as verbalized in Russian. The author explicates the influence of hedonistic and moral assessment upon the conceptualization of these emotions in the linguistic consciousness of the Russians.

More...

RIGHT VERSUS LEFT HEMISPHERIC PROCESSING OF LANGUAGE IN NEUROPSYCHOLOGY

Author(s): Dorota Ackermann-Szulgit,Magdalena Zubiel-Kasprowicz / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of foreign language on the performance of the Stroop Test by Polish students. Testing included 26 subjects: 13 women and 13 men aged 19 to 47. In the first part of the RCNb test (reading color names printed in black), subjects read words denoting colors written in black. In the second part of the NCWd test (naming color or word where the color of the print and the word are different) subjects named the color of the font that was used to write the color word.Significant statistical differences in the timing of the two parts of the test were found in relation to the language. Faster execution time for RCNb parts was reported for English tests. In the case of RCNb parts, the fastest time was reported when naming the font color in Polish on an English language version. In the same situation, the smallest number of errors was reported. Foreign language influences the performance of the Stroop Test.

More...

ОПЫТ ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИИ ДАННЫХ ПСИХОЛИНГВИСТИЧЕСКОГО ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТА (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ АССОЦИАТИВНОГО ПОЛЯ КОНЦЕПТА РОДИНА)

Author(s): Zhanar Jambayeva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 160/2017

The article presents interpretation of results obtained in a psycholinguistic experiment on the of the material related to the associate field of the concept of the homeland in the language consciousness of the Slavic societies living in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The experiment proved that the value factor is one of the crucial features of the concept of the homeland and constitutes its essential part.

More...

Emocijų verbalizavimas keliakalbio diskurse. Atvejo analizė: Vytauto Civinskio Dienoraštis (1904-1910)

Author(s): Veronika Girininkaitė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 9/2017

The article aims to discuss the verbalisation of emotions in the discourse of a multilingual person. First, an overview of linguistic investigation in the field of emotions is presented. Notably, linguistic expression of feelings in every given language sometimes lacks precision; moreover, the names of emotions in various languages do not correspond. This poses some problems for multilinguals who try to express their emotions in L2. Later, the paper focuses on a case study, mainly on a series of examples from the manuscript of Diary (1904–1910), an egodocument from the beginning of the 20th century written by a multilingual student Vytautas Civinskis. The Diary was written mainly in Polish, Russian and Lithuanian. Civinskis was inspired to classify his own emotions by his studies in psychology. The examples show that while writing about his emotions the diarist makes use of lexical units from various languages (Polish, Russian, German, French, Lithuanian), often not matching the language of the sentence. Presumably, he chooses not to translate the words incorporated in idioms or collocations and avoids translating the names of emotions, which are especially salient in some given language. The diarist is keen to quote the texts of literary and other origin; therefore, he sometimes names his emotion after the line of a wellknown poem or a song (such quotations are also kept in the original). The observed tendency to code-switch while talking about emotions corresponds to the results of some experiments carried out by the researchers of bilingualism. The case study also shows that research into emotion names in the discourse of multilinguals should rely on the results of research from the fields of lexical valency, semantics and psychology.

More...

Stamping Out ISIS: Metaphorical Expressions about Terrorism in Donald Trump’s Campaign Speeches

Author(s): Ivan Stamenković / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

The 2016 US Presidential Elections brought about one of the fiercest election campaigns so far, ending in a tight victory of Donald Trump, the Republican candidate, over Hillary Clinton, the candidate of the Democrats. The public appearances Trump made at rallies were one of the main tools he used in profiling himself as the new leader of America. In the light of the unstable situation in the world and the frequent terrorist attacks on Western states, Trump‟s rhetoric regarding the issue of “Radical Islamic terrorism” was the key factor that propelled him towards victory (Azarian 2016). When he tackled the problem of terrorism, one of the discourse mechanisms that he used in abundance was a set of conceptual metaphors drawn from different spheres of human experience. The aim of this research will be to contribute to the role metaphor plays in discourse by highlighting some of the most salient and frequent metaphors in Trump‟s terrorism rhetoric, including the conceptualizations involved and their conceptual implications in discourse.

More...

ZDOLNOŚĆ KOMUNIKOWANIA SIĘ LUDZI Z LOGICZNEJ I PSYCHOLOGICZNEJ PERSPEKTYWY

Author(s): Piotr Łukowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2017

In the paper, the meaning of an utterance is considered from two perspectives: the logical and the psychological one. The logical approach takes into account a number of factors affecting the final meaning of the spoken words. These include, among others: tolerance of an utterance, its vagueness, generality, accent, indirect speech and contextuality. These factors are recognized intuitively by both the message sender and recipient. Otherwise, they could not reach an agreement. It turns out that this problem is considered not only in the logic but also in the field of psychology. Different levels of the ability to recognize the meaning of an utterance corresponds to different levels of empathy and therefore also a different level of communication ability. It seems that logical intuition and psychological empathy are highly convergent abilities. The aim of the paper is not to show that intuition and empathy are the same, but that the same issues are dealt with by various sciences, and therefore the efforts should be merged. In other words, this work is a kind of an incentive to undertake interdisciplinary research. If possible, such measures should replace efforts made in isolation from other disciplines.

More...

Perspektiven der Psycholinguistik

Author(s): Siegfried Kanngießer / Language(s): German Issue: 13/1986

Przedmiotem rozważań autora są te kierunki w psycholingwietyce, których rozwój i zakres badań można przewidzieć w oparciu o badania nad sztuczną inteligencją, określane często jako lingwistyka komputerowa. Celem tych badań jest opracowanie takiego systemu komputerowego, który w sposób pełny i bez żadnych ograniczeń posługiwałby się językiem naturalnym. Zakładając, że a/ posługiwanie się językiem jest procesem przetwarzania informacji i b/ nadawca i odbiorca stanowią systemy przetwarzania informacji oraz, że dla jakichkolwiek dwóch procesów przetwarzania informacji P1 i P2 zachodzi P1 i P2 są tego samego typu, autor sugeruje tezę, że maszyna nadawczo-odbiorcza symuluje mechanizm posługiwania się językiem, przy czym mechanizm ten rozumiany jest Jako część struktury mentalnej człowieka. Konsekwencją tej koncepcji jest traktowanie badań nad sztuczną inteligencją , w odniesieniu do możliwości konstruowania maszyn nadawczo-odbiorczych, jako gałęzi nauki o poznaniu czyli jako Jednej z teoretycznych nauk humanistycznych. Perspektywy rozwoju psycholingwiatyki pozwolą się określić wtedy i tylko wtedy, gdy można będzie ustalić relacje, w jakich pozostaje ona w stosunku do teoretycznych założeń badań nad sztuczną inteligencją. Autor jest zdania, że obie dyscypliny stają się w wyniku procesu Integracji Jedną z nowych nauk humanistycznych i to zarówno co do badań i problemów badawczych jak i co do metod stosowanych dla ich rozwiązania.

More...

TESTING THE PSYCHOLOGICAL REALITY OF PARALLEL STRUCTURE WITH SERBIAN EFL STUDENTS: A CASE STUDY OF “NOT ONLY … BUT ALSO”

Author(s): Vladimir Figar / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The paper aims to explore the cognitive status of the correlative conjunction ‘not only … but also’ on a sample of advanced Serbian EFL students. The experiment is based on grammaticality judgments, and it utilizes a reaction time (RT) study, coupled with the moving screens paradigm. Stimuli (sentences) have been constructed based on the most frequent errors identified in students’ exams. Sentences containing errors related to faulty parallelism are presented word-by-word, with a mask, using the Open Sesame software. Increased RTs are understood as correlates of processing difficulties, and in addition to RTs, response accuracy was also recorded. The results show that in the majority of cases a lag in RT occurred precisely in the error position, and such delays were directly connected to sudden drops in the number of accurate responses.

More...

К интерпретации рассказа А. Грина «Капитан Дюк» (Психологический анализ)

Author(s): Vyacheslav Pozdeev / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2012

The article considers an early tale by A. Grin entitled "Captain Dyuk". It interprets the psychological conditions of the hero and reveals the psychological intrapersonal conflict of his strong nature.

More...

Simultaneous Effects of Inflectional Paradigms and Classes in Processing of Serbian Verbs

Author(s): Dušica Filipović-Đurđević,Isidora Gatarić / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2018

In this paper we show that the processing of inflected verb forms is simultaneously influenced by the distributional properties of their inflectional paradigm (all the inflected forms of the given verb) and also by their inflectional class (all the verbs that conjugate in the same manner). Thus, we generalize a finding that was previously observed with nouns. We demonstrate that a divergence of the frequency distribution within inflectional paradigm from the frequency distribution within inflectional class (operationalized as Relative entropy between the two frequency distributions) is detrimental to processing. We present the results of a visual lexical decision experiment and the results of a simulation that was ran in the Naive Discriminative Reader, a simple computational model based on basic learning principles. We show that Relative entropy between an inflectional paradigm and an inflectional class predicts both empirically observed and simulated processing latencies. By doing so, we add to the body of research that investigates processing effects of information theory based descriptions of language. We also demonstrate that the effect of Relative entropy on the processing of morphology can arise as a consequence of the principles of discriminative learning in a system that maps input cues to outcomes, with no specification of morphology per se.

More...

Elements of Humour in the Classroom. A Qualitative Approach to Data

Author(s): Erika-Mária Tódor,Enikő Tankó / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

Neither grades nor formal indicators of teachers’ effectiveness measure the presence or the nature of humorous situations in classroom conversations although these situations are, in fact, the iceberg components of the teacher–student communication and are important indicators of the motivational-behavioural background as well as cohesion of the group, of the power of collective thinking and creativity inside class community. The role of humour has not always been positive throughout time. For example, according to Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (2016), Plato was one of the most influential critics of laughter, and he treated it as an emotion that overrode rational self-control, and thus could be considered a certain kind of evil. As for the bad reputation of humour, we can find yet another face of this reality in Kant’s approach, according to which humour can be understood as play, while laughter is a play signal. The present research is looking for answers regarding the role of humour in classroom conversation and interaction, according to students’ opinion, how they interpret certain terms related to humour, and what humorous situations they report of. In this study, we present the data of an empirical research based on the questionnaires completed by 159 students in the 5th to 8th grades from both urban and rural area, data which have been processed with the help of MAXQDA. Due to the highly practical nature of the research, it presents a general picture of the characteristics and role of humorous classroom situations. This unique location offers a specific interpretation of the discourse of humour, based on local and individual life experiences.

More...

Devices of Textual Illusion: Victimization in Romance Scam E-Letters

Author(s): Guntars Dreijers,Valda Rudziša / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

Virtual communication transcends national boundaries and allows establishing and maintaining contacts efficiently. However, it also poses threats to integrity and ethical online conduct. In particular, dating sites and unsolicited e-messages often prey on vulnerable unsuspecting people with an intention to extort financial means. The internet is a medium where anonymity, disguise and fraud are widespread. Scammers use linguopsychological devices to lure potential victims into the scam scenario. Devices were screened and categorized from seven letter-sets (each set containing 18–23 letters) including correspondence with scammers. The sets revealed similar lexical and macrostructural patterns common in e-romance scam. Frequently employed devices appeared to signal scammers’ malicious intents often potentially detrimental to a victim. Persuasion, flattering, appeal to trust, core human drives such as bonding, greed, altruism are among the most popular scammers’ devices. The method of structural reduction allowed establishing functional stages in the macrostructure of letter-sets.

More...