Examination of Listening Comprehension Strategies used by Iranian Upper-intermediate and Intermediate EFL Learners

Author(s): Reza Nemati MOGHADAM,Mohammad Ali KOWSAR / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2014

The main purpose of this study was to find out the listening strategies used byupper-intermediate and intermediate Iranian FFL learners and to compare the listening strategies of both groups of participants in this study. A total number of 30 Persian EFL learners were administered a listening comprehension test and a listening strategy use questionnaire. The test consisted of two class lectures, each of them followed by comprehension questions comprised of multiple choice and essay questions. After the test, participants were also asked to complete a questionnaire that included 20 items asking about the use of cognitive, metacognitive, andsocio-affective strategies. The listening test and listening strategy use questionnaire data was run through multiple statistical tests, including factor analysis, multiple regression, and t-tests, to identify the strategies the research participants had used and explain the relationship between listening strategy use and listening comprehension. The results indicated that both upper-intermediate and intermediate listeners used metacognitive, cognitive, and socio-affective strategies. However, there was some variation in terms of the use of cognitive and metacognitive socio-affective strategies. As far as cognitive strategies were concerned, the results revealed that the upper-intermediate listeners employed more top-down strategies than the intermediate listeners, whereas there were no significant differences in the use of metacognitive strategies. The results also indicated that cognitive strategies are the most powerful predictor of listening comprehension, followed by socio-affective strategies, whereas metacognitive strategies were the predictor that accounted the least for listening comprehension

Reflections on the Ecologic Ethics in Online Games

Author(s): Viorica – Torii Caciuc / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2014

This paper studies the reflection of ethic relations between the interests of human beings and of non-human beings in online games and eco games. It will include a philosophical analysis of the inherent value of nature, emphasized by the aesthetic characteristic of being natural etc., and on the same time it will follow the impact that online games have on the education of the young generations’ ecological awareness and behaviour

Відтворення людського капіталу в системі аграрних реформ

Author(s): А. Samorodchenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 22/2012

In this article an author is systematize terms and factors of forming, distributing and use of human capital of agrarian production; the modern features of socio-economic environment of recreation of human capital of agrarian sphere are analysed and the ways of optimization of influence of production and socio-economic factors are offered on the recreation of human capital.

Mултимедийната презентация на литературен урок като способ за мотивация и развитие на ученика

Author(s): Zapryan Kozludzhov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 8/2016

The work analyses three interrelated notions through the prism of literature education – innovative educational technologies, personal development and creativity. Their role and significance is highlighted as an important complex determiner of modern educational process. The potential of educational ICT are visualized through multimedia development of a single lesson from the curriculum for general education secondary school, grade XI. It is asserted that ICT, through appropriate extrapolation, are transformed into innovative educational technologies, which turn students into active actors of the educational process. Education itself attains its goals in a new way and updates its own disciplinary and cognitive value.

REPUTATION OF SLOVAK TEACHING HOSPITALS –SELECTED PERSPECTIVES

Author(s): František Pollák,Nella Svetozarovová / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

The paper discusses the issue of reputation, more specifically the ways and methods of its measurements in selected entities operating in the health care sector. A thorough multifactor analysis of reputation in the virtual world of the Internet was conducted on a specific sample of entities/ subjects – Slovak Teaching Hospitals. Using a careful statistical testing relationships between factors were examined in order to identify and describe facts affecting online reputation of those entities in the hyper competitive market environment of the Internet. The findings identified by the analysis of online environment were compared to traditional ratings from “brick world”. The results of analysis thus providing a comprehensive view on the issue of the reputation in the widest possible range of perspectives.

PRESENTATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCTS FOR SLOVAK BUSINESSES IN THE MEDIA ENVIRONMENT FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF BUSINESSES AND CUSTOMERS

Author(s): Anna Zaušková,Lukáš Grib / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2017

Kentli Yoksulların Konut Sorununa Yönelik Proaktif Bir Çözüm Önerisi: Artımlı Konut Modeli

Author(s): Mehmet Akalın / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2017

Today, the global urban population has passed the rural population. At the some time poverty problematic have increased in the urban areas. In this process, The housing problem of the urban poor has grown too much. Turn-key residences have not solved this problem which applicated by central and local governments. The incremental housing projects have been an effective alternative to this problem which developed by the owner of the 2016 Pritzker Prize, Alejandro Aravena. This article focuses on incremental housing models which produced in different parts of the world. On the other hand, the incremental housing model is proposed for the housing problem of the poor in our country. And It is expected that the incremental housing model will also reduce the socioeconomic and psychological problems of the poor in slum areas.

Решаване на линейни уравнения с Excel

Author(s): Plamen Penev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

A model is proposed in the paper to solve linear equations with the help of Excel. The solutions of the equations are found on the base of coefficients from the trend line. Work with ordinary fractions is introduced by not complicated automations. A practical experience of the model application is shared.

Towards a stakeholder model of government communication: a case study of the Czech republic

Author(s): Štěpán Soukeník / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2018

The study focuses on organisation and perception of government communication by government agents and stakeholder representatives in the Czech Republic. At the same time, it presents an original methodological approach to researching government communication. The research evidence suggests that government communication process in the Czech Republic conceals tensions on internal, interdepartmental and external levels of governance. Performing in-depth semi-structured interviews with former Czech government officials and top executives from the corporate and non-commercial sector, it was observed that phenomena such as democratic disenchantment and low confidence in executive bodies can be associated with the state-of-things and modus operandi of the government communication process. Finally, the aim of the study is to encourage government communication research in emerging or recently institutionalised democracies including post-communist countries in the region of Central and Eastern Europe, since it is necessary to understand the complexity of political and communication systems long associated with asymmetric power relations and democratic deficit.

Foreign Direct Investment in Ghana – the Political Economy Perspective

Author(s): Joseph Yaw Abodakpi / Language(s): English Issue: 10/2017

Every developmental and economic agenda must seek to attract FDI. Both developed and emerging economies put in place various institutional, legal frameworks and other mechanisms to implement and execute investment agendas. This paper discusses Ghana’s situation by examining various programmes the country’s government has implemented and institutions that have been established to foster inward investment. Institutions like the Ghana Investment Promotion Centre (GIPC), the Gateway Programme and other reforms within institutions are also presented. The article concludes with a brief overview of the current investment trends in Ghana, the relevance of FDI and the importance of policy direction to protect sensitive sectors of the Ghanaian economy.

Magyar-Ukrán kapcsolatok az egyén és a közösség szintjén, valamint a magyarországi támogatáspolitika megítélése

Author(s): Krisztián Rákóczi / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2/2017

Since the conflict in Eastern Ukraine has exploded, Hungary is constantly monitoring the situation of Transcarpathia and provides support not only for Transcarpathian Hungarians, but the entire population of the region. Within the framework of the survey TANDEM 2016 we tried to obtain a better understanding on how the local people evaluate Hungary’s policy towards Transcarpathia. The issue of simplified naturalization, interethnic relations and ethnocentrism were among our central interests during the investigation. The research shows that besides the Hungarians, the Ukrainians also evaluate positively the supporting policy of Hungary towards Transcarpathia. The relation of the two nations is reported positively by both groups. However, Hungarian respondents spoke more of conflicting relationships at the settlement, the county (Transcarpathia) and the country level than the respondents of the Ukrainian subsample.

УНИФИКАЦИЯ НА ПРАКТИКИ ИЛИ ИЗМЕРВАНЕ НА СПЕЦИФИКИ - ЕТИКЕТ ЗА ИНОВАЦИИ И ДОБРО УПРАВЛЕНИЕ НА ОБЩИНСКО НИВО

Author(s): Milena Stefanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

Outline the possibilities offered by the application of the European Label of Governance Excellence at the municipal level for measurements of local democracy and good governance and whether it leads to the unification of practices or reporting specifics.

СОЦИАЛНАТА ПОЛИТИКА: КАПАНИТЕ НА ОЦЕНКАТА

Author(s): Tatiana Tomova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2011

The article analyses the alternative approaches and related indicators, that can be used for social policy evaluation. The thesis is that values and ideas for needed development of community are concealed behind the choice of method and indicators for evaluation. Therefore the evaluation purpose can be easily changed and instead of being used for policy process improvement it could serve the political completion. In this case the policy evaluation loses its rational character. If there is a politics of evaluation, we need a policy of evaluation.

Institucija carine u srednjovjekovnoj Bosni

Author(s): Goran Mijočević / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 17-18/2017

In the area of medieval Bosnia customs represented one of the most important income types which the medieval monarch could generate. However, that income started to be generated when charging customs duties was introduced in the 14th century or from the moment when the institutional change happened. Namely, in the preserved charters of Ban Matej Ninoslav any charges given by people of Dubrovnik to the Ban were not mentioned, therefore it is very likely that people from Dubrovnik ensured the privilege of not paying tithes through different gifts, what was ordinary in the world of that time when somebody wanted to gain favor of a certain ruler. Such custom (lat. consuetudo) lasted till the Ban Stephen II came to power when charging custom duties was established in Bosnian Banovina. It was also continued in the time of Ban Tvrtko.Introducing customs duties, understood as “efficient institutions”, was more suitable for Bosnian ruler than the existence of “inefficient alternatives”. In the procedure of forming customs duties Bosnian ruler had a power of their creating and abolishing, however, he was not alone in that procedure. During the time Bosnian-Hum noblemen started to use the same procedure and realistically they had such power to introduce or abolish charging customs duties in their estates.

Разнообразие в разпространението на модерната стопанска култура на българите през Възраждането (XVIII–XIX в.)

Author(s): Ivan Roussev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The object of the research of the present article is the tracing out of the diversity in the spreading of the modern economic culture of the Bulgariannation in the epoch of the Bulgarian National Revival period (18th – 19th CC) – a diversity mainly in respect of geography and time. Both in Europe and on theBalkans the modern economic culture springs up and gives its first visible results at the beginning of the New Time. The Bulgarians are no exception to thatprocess, although it appears with them later in comparison with some of the peoples on the European continent. As with the nations on the Mediterranean andin Western Europe it is the trade among the Bulgarians which is the economic sphere to be the earliest and most notably affected by modernisation. That is why the article deals mainly with the modern trade culture of the Bulgarian National Revival period on the basis of which to a great extent appear and develop the other economic areas of the post-Renaissance society – the protoindustries and industry, services and credit. An attempt has been made to enlarge the research in that direction as well. The results of the research show that the highest degree in the spreading of the modern economic culture among the Bulgarian society was achieved during the third quarter of the 19th C (50ies – 70ies of the century) in the following centres and regions: among the Bulgarian community in the capital of the Ottoman empire – Istanbul, in the sub-Balkan settlements (Kalofer, Klisura, Sopot, Kazanlak, Koprivshtitsa and others), Central Northern Bulgaria (mainlyGabrovo and Turnovo), the Sliven-Kotel region (Sliven, Kotel, Zheravna, Gradets, Medven), the towns along the Danube (Rouse, Svishtov, Lom,Silistra,Toulcha), in some of the centres of the Bulgarian Diaspora in Wallachia, Moldova and Bessarabia (Bucharest, Krayova, Braila, Galatz, Giurgiu, Yash,Bolgrad, Focşani). Other regions are represented only partially on the map of the Bulgarian economic modernisation during the Bulgarian National Revival period with certain separate town centres: South Bulgaria (Stara Zagora and Plovdiv), South-Western Bulgaria (Samokov and Sofia), the north-eastern territories and the Black sea region (Varna, Shumen and Burgas) and there are certain regions which are missing completely from this map: North-Western Bulgaria,Macedonia, the south-eastern territories, a large part of Dobrudzha.

Търговското предприемачество през епохата на Възраждането: Примерът на братя Пулиеви (1839-1868)

Author(s): Ivaylo Naydenov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

In the first part of my paper, I am going to deal with the concepts of entrepreneurship and particularly with commercial entrepreneurship. In the light of all existing theories, I use the paradigm of Israel Kirzner and Mark Casson adopted by some Greek historians such as Maria-Christina Chatziioannou. According to them, the entrepreneur is an agent who earns a profit, buying cheap commodities and selling them at dear prices. In the second part, I deal with the entrepreneurial activity of brothers Hristo, Nikola and Ivan Todorovi Pulievi. They established commercial enterprise with their relative Evlogi Georgiev (1839). A few years later his brother – Hristo Georgiev was also enrolled in the work of the trade house “Pulievi-Georgievi”. From the early 1840s onwards Hristo and Nikola T. Pulievi expanded their network in Ottoman Bulgaria. After the Crimean War (1853-1856) Nikola T. Puliev restricted his activities. Much more intriguing is the case with Ivan Todorov Puliev who lived and worked part-time in Galati and Braila. It is also interesting to note Ivan’s mercantile acumen in terms of his idea about the expansion of Pulievi’s network in Serres. Moreover, he wanted to settle down permanently in this town in order to present the mercantile house “Pulievi-Georgievi” in this region. This idea failed but still it is worth noting because it gives us inquisitive clues about Ivan’s business behavior. In many respects, Pulievi dealt as their Greek colleagues. Of course, there are some important differences. All these things should be discussed because this is the only way of broadening our overall knowledge on the entrepreneurship’s nature.

Стопанският живот по българските земи, отразен в търговската дейност на Цвятко Радославов (50–70-те години на ХІХ в.)

Author(s): Mariana Drumeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The article explores the economic life in the Bulgarian lands with respect to the activity of one of the most important Bulgarian merchants in the third quarter of the 19th century – Tsvyatko Radoslavov. The structure of exports and imports of its companies is a representation of the state of the art of the main branches of the economy – agriculture, livestock breeding, crafts, emerging industry and the needs of the local market. His business practices, the companies and the associations he created, illustrate the professional growth of the Bulgarian trade union and its transformation into a major engine of economic modernization in our land during the period under review.

Частният кредит в Свищов в периода от Освобождението до войните (1912–1918) – общ преглед

Author(s): Margarita Marinova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

The survey provides an overview of the private credit institutions in Svishtov in the period 1878-1912. The number of commercial and banking houses presented on the credit market, the sources of their capital and their role for the economic development of the city are specified. A brief overview of the history and activities of the two Svishtov Savings Joint Stock Companies is made. The question why no private joint-stock bank is established in Svishtov is explored.

Историята на банкерска къща „Ганчо С. Парасков & синове” и акционерно дружество „Ганчо С. Парасков & Г. Йорданов Генчев” – Килифарево от 1876 г. до 1923 г.

Author(s): Svetla Atanasova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

Information about the activities of the banking house Gancho S. Paraskov and sons – Kilifarevo (1876-1910) and the joint-stock company “Gancho S. Paraskov and Gencho Yordanov Genchev” – Kilifarevo (1910-1923) are kept in the documentary fund of the company in the State Archives - Veliko Tarnovo. Banking house “Gancho S. Paraskov and sons” was established in Kilifarevo in 1876 and has as its object: opening of current accounts against personal and real guarantees, granting of loans against security with securities, precious objects and mortgage of real estate, collection of insurance policies and records, trade in checks and money transfers only for Bulgaria, exchange of foreign coins. The credit organization accepts short-term and long-term deposits at 5% annual interest. Together to this activity, the company trades with colonial, hardware and dyeing goods, wood, silk cocoons, flours and others. In 1910 the company expanded and restructured its operations. Since 13 October of the same year it has been officially listed in the Commercial Register as a joint stock company “Gancho S. Paraskov and G. Yor. Genchev”- Kilifarevo. The main partners and main shareholders of the economic organization are the sons of Gancho - Georgi and Stancho Paraskovi and their long - time employee Gencho Yordanov Genchev. The main activity of the newly formed company is manufactory trade. It maintains trade relations with numerous domestic suppliers from Turnovo, Svishtov, Rousse, Dryanovo, Varna and Sofia. Parashkovi's permanent clients include the inhabitants of Kilifarevo and Elena villages. On March 23, 1911, the company was granted a marketing authorization for silkworm grain. The joint stock company is a member of the Union of Bulgarian Joint-Stock Companies in 1920. The economic crisis of 1923 proved to be disastrous for the activity of the Kilifarevo company and it ceased its activity.

PROCJENA PROGRAMA PREKOGRANIČNE SURADNJE IZMEĐU HRVATSKE I MAĐARSKE ZA PERIOD 2007. 2013. A POSEBNO ODRŽIVOSTI OKOLIŠA PODRUČJA UZ RIJEKE DRAVU I MURU

Author(s): Lóránt Bali / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 13/2017

During the developing of the Croatian-Hungarian IPA program the main goal was to create a tender which aims the preservation of natural environment. Within Priority 1 (Sustainable environment and tourism) two subsections had been specified: Sustainable and attractive environment. Sustainable Tourism int he Mura-Drave-Danube River Area. The study aims to illustrate the effectiveness of these projects and the multiple effects on other tender topics. More pilot projects, which indirectly try to achieve sustainable rural development, were also started during the study.