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Acquiring word order in Slovak as a foreign language: Comparison of Slavic and Non-Slavic learners utilizing corpus data

Author(s): Martina Ivanová,Miroslava Kyseľová,Anna Gálisová / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

The paper deals with the acquisition of Slovak word order in written texts of students of Slovak as a foreign language. Its attention is focused on identifying the correct and incorrect placement of enclitic components, and their erroneous usage is analysed with respect to different investigated variables (types of enclitic components, types of syntactic construction, distance from lexical/syntactic anchor, and realization in pre- or post-verbal position). The paper also pays attention to the error rate regarding individual proficiency levels of students, and error distribution in two language groups, Slavic and Non-Slavic learners, is compared.

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Martina Fasnerová: Prvopočáteční čtení a psaní

Author(s): Patrícia Tomečková / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 2/2021

The review of: Martina Fasnerová: Prvopočáteční čtení a psaní. Praha: Grada, 2018. 282 s. ISBN 978-80-271-0289-1.

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Úspešná a užitočná vedecká publikácia

Author(s): František Ruščák / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2020

Review of: František Ruščák - LIGOŠ, Milan: Vyučovanie slovenčiny ako materinského jazyka v minulosti, prítomnosti a budúcnosti (Kapitoly z dejín vyučovania slovenčiny s výzvami do budúcnosti). Bratislava: Veda 2019. 240 s.

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Súčasný slovakistický výskum na Filologickej fakulte Velikotarnovskej univerzity sv. Cyrila a Metoda vo Velikom Tarnove

Author(s): Daniela Konstantinova,Lenka Ježó Garančovská / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 3/2023

The paper focuses on Slovak studies and Slovak linguistic research at the second largest state university in Bulgaria – St. Cyril and St. Methodius University of Veliko Tarnovo (VTU). The history and traditions of Slovak language and literature teaching are presented. The first Slovak language lectureship at VTU was founded in the academic year 1978/1979. The paper gives a brief overview of contemporary educational programs in Slovak studies at the university. Attention is drawn to some specifics and tendencies in Slovak language teaching in Bulgaria and to Bulgarians. The paper presents the academic research and linguistic publication activities of the Slovak colleagues at the Department of Slavic Studies at the Faculty of Modern Languages of the University of St. Cyril and Methodius in Veliko Tarnovo for the period 2017 – 2023. Finally, the paper outlines some challenges faced by contemporary university Slavic studies. One of the solutions for increasing the interest towards Slavic languages, including Slovak, are interdisciplinary educational programs with flexible curricula, and also collaboration with foreign universities, cultural institutions, diplomatic missions and employers.

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Aktuálny slovakistický výskum v Taliansku

Author(s): Zuzana Nemčíková / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 3/2023

The paper focuses on the current scientific and pedagogical activities of two (and the only) Slovak studies departments in Italy – at the Sapienza University of Rome and the University of Bologna in Forlì. The article traces the origins and development of Slovak studies in Italy and especially its current activities. The scientific and pedagogical activities at both universities are carried out through the activities of a lecturer, who also plays the role of a cultural mediator. In the paper the reader will find the main (especially) linguistic publications and their placement in the overall scientific-publication context.

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Metafore ale diversității lingvistice în teoria lui Humboldt

Author(s): Oana Boc / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2024

Humboldt's theory on language diversity remains highly relevant and important in today's world. Many recent studies in the field of linguistics conclude that a rediscovery and reassessment of Humboldtian concepts and theory are necessary for the understanding of certain contemporary cultural aspects, such as the relationship between language and national identity, and the importance of plurilingualism and multilingualism in an era of globalization. Humboldt's theory emphasises that language is not a tool for communication, but a reflection of unique cultural worldviews. Each language is unique, representing a creation of the linguistic community, manifested and crystallised over time, during the process of historical development. Such language uniqueness is revealed not only on a phonetic, morphological and syntactical level, but also on a semantic level; at the level of internal configuration of meanings ("inner form”). Thus, each language embodies a specific set of values, beliefs and traditions. Each language is, above all, a creative interpretation of the world and, thereby, it provides the speaker with a specific "worldview”. This theory highlights the invaluable contributions that diverse cultures and languages bring to our collective human experience. Thus, this paper aims to present and analyse metaphors used by Humboldt (language as a world, as a lens, as a circle, as a network) to describe linguistic diversity and its significance within his broader theory of language. The role of these metaphors is to reveal, through expressive analogies, the importance of linguistic diversity.

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„Între uz și abuz”? Anglicismele în scrierea academică din România. Studiu de caz: corpusul EXPRES

Author(s): Roxana Rogobete,Valentina Mureșan,Mădălina Chitez / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1/2024

The major influence of the English language as an idiom of visibility and internationalisation is already recognised in the Romanian language (from the presence of foreign words in everyday vocabulary to specialised languages). Without claiming to provide an overview of Anglicisms in current communicative contexts, the present study will focus on the Romanian subset of the EXPRES corpus, compiled within the DACRE project (Discipline-specific expert academic writing in Romanian and English: corpus-based contrastive analysis models). Comprising 200 research articles recently published in journals in fields such as Linguistics, Political Sciences, Economics, Information Technology, the EXPRES-RO subset is the only expert, multidisciplinary corpus available for statistical linguistic analysis on an open-source platform (https://expres-corpus). The paper will compare the presence of collocations or discursive clichés from the English language in the discipline-specific academic writing, analysing the causes of such loanwords: from the Romanian research’s tendency of internationalisation to possible gaps in the creation of a Romanian terminology.

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Plurilinguismo e disordine del mondo in Carlo Emilio Gadda

Author(s): Delia-Ioana Morar / Language(s): Italian Issue: 2/2024

Starting from the need to convert the disorder of the world into a rational whole and a rigorous vision of reality, Carlo Emilio Gadda, paradoxically, does nothing but reveals the chaotic disorder of his time, the tangle of relationships that hides behind the apparent simplicity of objects and facts. His two unfinished masterpieces, That Awful Mess in Via Merulana and The Cognition of Pain, offer us a portrait of the infinite multiplicity of relationships of which every manifestation of reality is an expression. To represent all this, he brings together the national language and its various dialects, mixes the sectorial languages of science, technology, engineering, medicine, psychoanalysis and art history. The result is an original and extremely innovative prose, in which the vulgar and low registers alternate with lyrical and sublime registers in an extraordinary stylistic excursion. His stories convince us that the complexity of reality cannot be traced back to a reassuring, unambiguous and complete description.

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THE USE OF METADISCOURSE MARKERS IN ACHIEVING PERSUASION IN SHORT ADVERTISEMENTS WRITTEN BY ESP STUDENTS

Author(s): Tijana Vesić Pavlović,Danijela Đorđević / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

The paper focuses on the metadiscourse markers used with the aim of persuasion in ESP student writing. The corpus consisted of 66 short advertisements (8,611 tokens) written by the first-year students of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Belgrade as part of their ESP course. Based on Hyland’s model of metadiscourse, we analyse the frequency of use and different types of metadiscourse markers in students’ advertisements. The aim is to explore whether ESP students use MD markers to persuade the audience to try out a new welding technique. The most frequently used markers overall were engagement markers, followed by attitude markers, whereas the least frequent were frame markers and code glosses. Interactional metadiscourse categories are used much more than the interactive ones, both in the body of the advertisement and the slogans. Based on the obtained findings on the use of MD markers in student-written advertisements, it can be concluded that some students successfully kept up with the trends found in similar research of advertisements written by experienced copywriters.

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TEACHING HERITAGE LANGUAGE – WHY SO DIFFERENT? ISSUES IN TEACHING SERBIAN AS A HERITAGE LANGUAGE

Author(s): Kristina Petrović / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

Although scholarly interest in heritage language preservation dates back to the mid-1960s and early 1970s (Kagan, Dillon, 2008, 145), the last few decades offered significant results in terms of teaching and testing. This paper highlights some issues in teaching Serbian as a heritage language, contrasting it to teaching Serbian as a foreign language. Practitioners face many challenges teaching students who study their home language: from approaching these students to meeting their needs, which go beyond just speaking the language and include identity matters, psychological, social, and intercultural burden (Kagan 2012, 72) of being bilingual and bicultural. These issues, with the right approach in language schools and at home, can become a real prerogative in a multicultural world. It is, therefore, essential for teachers and scholars, to collaborate and, with adequate state support and language policy, make “community-based curriculum” (Carreira, Kagan 2017), which considers students' cognitive, affective, and behavioral needs and would help them to “cope with two cultural worlds that they simultaneously inherit” (Kagan 2012, 80). This paper presents methods used at the School of Serbian Language, culture, and Tradition “SAVA”, which has been working with more than 500 families in 70 countries teaching Serbian as a heritage language.

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Езиковата интернационализация, или За англицизмите в българската разговорна реч, които (все още) не са официално отразени в речниците на новите думи от 2001 до днес

Author(s): Iliyana Dimitrova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

The article highlights certain anglicisms that have entered the Bulgarian language but are not officially documented in the three dictionaries of new words – those from 2001, 2010, and 2021. The discussion includes insights into the types of borrowed words and the specific areas where the incorporation of English vocabulary is most frequently observed.

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За синтаксиса на релативния комплементизатор дето

Author(s): Yovka Tisheva / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

The object of analysis in the article are the uses of the lexeme дето in colloquial Bulgarian and in written informative and commentary media texts. The research aims at presenting the syntactic features of дето as an indicator of subordinating conjunction in the complex sentences and comparing the functions of дето-clauses in oral texts from everyday informal communication and in written texts from public media sphere. The purpose of the analysis is to make generalizations about the status of дето in Bulgarian oral and written texts.

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Termeni sportivi sintagmatici: caracteristici structural-semantice

Author(s): Aliona Luca,Viorica BREGA / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2 (323)/2024

The main purpose of this paper is to reveal some lexical-semantic and structural features of syntagmatic sports terms. The syntagmatic terms from several sports disciplines were identified, as subsystems of sports terminology in Romanian language; their role in the sports terminological system was determined; the ways of forming the respective terms were highlighted; the classification of syntagmatic sports terms was carried out from a structural and semantic point of view.As a result of the study, it was found that syntagmatic terms occupy a significant role in sports terminological system, their share in various sublanguages being much higher than that of simple terms (except for the subsystem of general sports terms, where simple terms predominate). The semantic field of syntagmatic sports terms is very extensive and has multiple denominative valences: sports branches and events names, techniques, movements, combinations, exercises, people, titles and categories, clothing items, equipment, devices, violations and sanctions, places of activity, areas, boundary lines, structures, organizations, athletes’ qualities and moods, sports events, etc.

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Устният превод като специфична устна комуникация

Author(s): Elena Kreychova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

Interpreting is communication in which the speaker conveys information to a foreign-language audience with the help of an interpreter who serves as an intermediary. In this way, the interpreter is directly at the center of the communicative situation and is in passive contact with both the producer and the recipient of the speech. The text presents interpreting as a specific type of communication between languages and cultures that reflects the specificities of the communicative situation (decoding and encoding of oral speech). It points out the specific linguistic and non-linguistic skills that an interpreter must possess and the specificities of training future interpreters.

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Sub-grouping preschool greek children with specific language impairment

Author(s): Eirini Petraki,Eleni Lazaratou,Dimitris Anagnostopoulos,Maria Vlassopoulos / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2015

Children with specific language impairment have been found to exhibit deficits in their expressive vocabulary, grammar and phonology. The purpose of the present study was to investigate these linguistic components in Greek preschool children with specific language impairment. The profiles of a group of 22 children with specific language impairment aged 4-6years were examined using tests standardized to the Greek population regarding expressive vocabulary, grammar and phonology. Results showed that all children performed poorly on the phonological test, lagging significantly behind their chronological age, while the majority of younger children (4-5years old) faced concomitant vocabulary and/or grammatical difficulties. No significant differences were found regarding gender. Phonology seems to be the most likely source of difficulties in Greek children with specific language impairment. These results are discussed with respect to their diagnostic implications and their relevance in therapeutic planning and intervention.

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Hand in Hand: A Comparative View on the Use of the Word ‘Hand’ in Albanian and English Language

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Hand in Hand: A Comparative View on the Use of the Word ‘Hand’ in Albanian and English Language

Author(s): Eriola Qafzezi / Language(s): Albanian,English Issue: 29/2024

The aim of this paper is to explore the interrelationship between language and culture. The current study attempts to show that even words that seem to be internationally used open up entire webs of meaning and cultural insights. We have selected the word ‘hand’ and have explored its usage in Albanian vs. English. To find out examples, we have relied on Albanian National Corpora (ANC) and Corpus of Contemporary English Language (COCA). In the first part of the paper, we introduce information about the corpora selected, literature review, and methodology of the study. The second and third part of the paper bring illustrative examples from the versatile uses of the word ‘dorë’ and ‘hand’ in both languages. Special care has been taken to compile a list of purposes of the use of ‘dorë’ especially for the Albanian language, with the aim of illustrating the way Albanian culture is reflected in the Albanian language, based on the examples extracted from ANC. The methodology of the current study is mainly a qualitative one, therefore few statistical data are given. The innovativeness of this study relates to the use of ANC, an area not yet known and explored by scholars, as well as to the comparison of findings with the use of the same word in COCA for the English language. We aim to extend the current study in the future by including examples from other corpora of Balkan languages and make relevant comparisons. Thus, the current study will serve as a starting point for further research that will exemplify similar cognitive patterns that English and the Balkan languages and cultures share.

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Grammar Practices in the Digital World

Author(s): Mária CSERNOCH,Attila Imre / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

Teaching and protecting Hungarian language and cultural values have become more and more challenging due to the fast spread of uncontrollable digital platforms. In their text-based digital products (e-mail, chat, blog, etc.), youngsters prefer elliptical expressions (digital slang) to grammatically correct sentences. Schools, course books offer a wide variety of opportunities to practise grammar, but students find these exercises rather boring and consider them as school chores. As students live in the digital world, teachers should consider alternatives to offering exclusively classical, paper-based exercises. The present work provides a subject-integrated approach, where paper-based course book tasks are converted into data management problems to practise grammar. This novel approach may enable students to become more engaged not only in solving the original grammar problems but also in finding digital solutions. Building algorithms helps them understand grammar rules, as well as differences between handwritten and computer-stored characters. It is also stipulated that our approach is open to generalization and suitable to solve similar problems in languages other than Hungarian.

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Exploring the Linguistic Patterns of Gratitude: A Comparative Analysis of Acknowledgments in Philosophy PhD Theses

Author(s): Fatma Yuvayapan,Hayriye Bilginer / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

Acknowledgments as expressions of gratitude are not only mere formalities in academia but also represent heartfelt attempts by researchers to acknowledge the support that shaped their academic journeys. They are a specific academic genre in which personal texts are produced as a part of academic genres such as theses or books. Hence, a systematic understanding of the linguistic features of this specific genre may contribute to the literature on academic writing. Comparing expressions of gratitude across English, German, and Turkish L1 academic contexts, this study presents a detailed picture of linguistic patterns in Ph.D. thesis acknowledgments in the field of Philosophy. We found that thanking for academic purposes was the main reason for gratitude in the three cultures. Our analysis also revealed the influence of cultural and linguistic nuances on the syntactic patterns of gratitude in the three contexts. We concluded that while acknowledgments remain deeply personal and emotionally charged, they adhere to genre-specific encoding patterns and share common lexical preferences, which require explicit instruction in academic writing courses.

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O gwarze warszawskiej i języku felietonów Przemysława Śmiecha

Author(s): Bartosz Juszczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2024

The article takes up the issue of the urban dialect of Warsaw, an ahistorical formation; the elements of which are used by contemporary writers. The author, making a linguistic analysis, tries to answer the question of whether the elements of the 19th century Warsaw dialect contained in Przemysław Śmiech’s writings are its continuation, or whether we are dealing with a new quality. The author concludes that the elements of the Warsaw dialect in the works of the publicist are a successful reference to the ahistorical formation; and the language used in them has the character of stylization and is only a successful literary procedure.

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Między sztucznością a wulgarnością. O szkodliwych skutkach tabuizacji słownictwa intymnego wskazanych w badaniach ankietowych

Author(s): Patrycja Klimasara / Language(s): Polish Issue: 23/2024

The article addresses the issue of the taboo surrounding the realm of human sexuality (not only linguistic) in Polish culture. Its main aim is to draw attention to the negative effects of tabooing certain areas of human life and the vocabulary that describes them. The first part presents contemporary views on the phenomenon of sexual taboo, using available scientific publications. The second part illustrates the threats and communication difficulties associated with the tabooing of intimate life. The perspectives of individuals who, in their professions, regularly discuss topics related to sex, health, and childbirth with Polish men and women are presented. A total of 142 specialists – doctors and lecturers, midwives, nurses, and paramedics – participated in an anonymous survey. The vast majority of respondents emphasized that in conversations with people who are not medically qualified, there is a significant communication barrier caused by the aforementioned linguistic taboo. The author believes that a broader discussion on this issue is necessary and specifies the areas that require a revision of current understandings.

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