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The Acquisition at the Interface of Ditransitive Constructions in Mandarin Chinese by French Adult Learners

Author(s): Cécilia Yu Xinyue / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

The semantically fine-grained ditransitive constructions in Mandarin Chinese show complex interaction between lexical semantics, constructional semantics, and syntactic frames. This study examines the acquisition process of the syntax as well as the semantics of these constructions by launching two experiments with French learners of Chinese. The experiment results reveal a ‘syntax-before-semantics’ learning process and the important role of input in implicit learning.

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Syntactical Modifications in Teacher Talk of Native and Non-Native Speakers in EFL Classrooms

Author(s): Arzu Ünel,Meryem Mirioğlu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

Classroom language in EFL classrooms comprises the core of communication between teachers and learners. Teacher talk plays a central role in understanding the nature of classroom language in this respect. According to Krashen’s input hypothesis, teacher talk also constitutes an important source of comprehensible input for the language acquisition of the learner (Krashen, 1981). To make the input comprehensible, teachers may make modifications in their vocabulary, syntax, rate of speech or discourse. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to discover whether native speakers of English and non-native speakers of English make any syntactical modifications in their teacher talk at elementary and pre-intermediate levels and to try to find out what kind of syntactical modifications they make if they modify their syntax during their speech. The study was carried out with eight EFL instructors (both NSs and NNSs) at Çağ University in Turkey, using their audio-recordings, a questionnaire, and interviews. Antconc 3.2.1 Program and SPSS 17.0 Program were used to analyze the quantitative data. The findings of the data were incorporated with the results of interviews forming the qualitative part of the study. The results of the data revealed that native speakers of English and nonnative speakers of English made syntactical modifications in their teacher talk at elementary and pre-intermediate levels. They ranged from subordinate clauses to the types of sentences. The findings of the study also demonstrated that syntactical modifications in the teacher talk of native speakers and non-native speakers at both levels depended on the proficiency level of the learners although not all of these modifications formed a statistically meaningful difference.

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Aligning Who I Am with What I Do: Pursuing Language Teacher Authenticity

Author(s): Tammy Gregersen / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

This study explores the dynamic, interactive relationship between teacher identity and authenticity. Through an examination of several socio-cultural (social identity, situated learning, and image text) and psycholinguistic (individual differences) second language acquisition theories, a conceptualization of identity is provided. Subsequently, language teacher authenticity is characterized from both a philosophical and pedagogical perspective and connected to the notion of teacher identity. The final section of the paper presents research-based applications that include reflecting critically, redefining personal credibility, discovering one’s personal style, displaying emotion and recognizing diversity to facilitate the positive-broadening quest of aligning one’s identity (i.e., who I am) with authenticity (i.e., what I do).

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La asignación del género de los anglicismos en Español

Author(s): Mihaela Mateescu / Language(s): Spanish Issue: 2/2015

Modern English does not distinguish the grammatical gender of nouns. The Spanish language has two grammatical genders: masculine and feminine. What happens to Anglicisms that enter Spanish? In this paper we intend to analyze the criteria regarding gender assignment of anglicisms in Spanish either by lexical similarity, by semantic or morphological analogy or by determining the natural gender of the word. Our research is based on the analysis of a corpus of anglicisms taken from the Spanish and Latin American electronic press. We analysed, during the year 2007, four newspapers in electronic format, published in three states from Latin America and from Spain: El Universal – Mexico, El Tiempo -Columbia; La Nación – Argentina and El País – Spain.

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ACTIVITES THEATRALES DANS LA CLASSE DE LANGUES ETRANGERES

Author(s): Elena-Daniela Cristea / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2019

Assuming that the acquisition of a foreign language, in our case French, is much faster and easier when an effective methodology and adapted to the learning style of the students adds dynamic learning activities and fun, I proposed this new approach whose learning activities are realized through the theatre. By interpreting the action and the characters the students realized the issues of communication. The overcoming of the language blockages, the self-control that they demonstrated during the year and at the time of the evaluation, as well as the best results obtained at the final evaluation, allowed us to conclude that their oral communication skills and written have clearly improved. On a personal level, this active and responsive learning approach has stimulated their creativity and imagination. Regarding social relations, we have seen the creation of true solidarity and strong cohesion within the group.

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Conceptual Metaphors and Symbols in Romanian and English Proverbs on HEALTH and ILLNESS

Author(s): Gabriela Corina Santa (Câmpean) / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2022

Proverbs reflect both similarities and differences between the English and Romanian cultures, and an analysis considering the symbols encrypted in their structure enriches their interpretation. Furthermore, symbols represent a key factor when the conceptualisation of proverbs is performed, as they contribute to a proper analysis. Therefore, a thorough investigation of the symbolic terms within the proverbs is necessary in order to translate, interpret, and conceptualise them suitably. The English possess a different cultural background from the Romanians, which is mirrored in the symbols found in proverbs, reflecting specific attitudes in each culture. However, common approaches and universal symbols are numerous due to the Christian religious background of both the Romanians and the English, while the Celtic roots of the English represent the primary reason for dissimilarity. Hence, the attitudes regarding the concepts of HEALTH and ILLNESS, as expressed in Romanian and English paremiology, are enhanced and clarified by symbolic interpretation.

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Characteristics of the Romanian Economic Terminology in Mass Media

Author(s): Elena Museanu / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

The present research taken hereby identifies the general linguistic aspects of the economic terminology and focuses on the characteristics of this terminology. The analysis of some economic terms has set its selection based on the English terms’ frequency in the texts from mass media and based on their representativeness in the conceptual hierarchy of economics. The factors that generate linguistic deviations can be, on the one hand, the level of English knowledge, the lexical preciousness or the need for the synchronization with the Western world materialized by imitation, and, on the other hand, the recent penetration and the limited circulation power of Anglicism.

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Turning the European Initiative into Reality – Focus on the EUROPASS CV

Author(s): Yolanda-Mirela Catelly / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

For over a decade our country has become a full member state of the European Union, which has meant a series of deep changes in all the domains of human endeavor, including education. Currently, the Europass CV is in general use in approximately 30 countries, as it has proved to have a series of major advantages. Therefore, it is one of the roles of the academia to provide support to the future graduates to develop their appropriate job application package of documents, which should include a widely-recognized CV and an appropriate cover letter, as well as preparation for job interviews. The study will thus include both a discussion of the Europass CV pros and cons, and a proposal of a model approach to the teaching of it within an ESP course for engineering students, as a means of updating the course book content.

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Assessing Students’ Disciplinary Content Knowledge in Selected Disciplinary Genres

Author(s): Mariana Coancă / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

English for Specific Purposes was included in language teaching programs toprepare students for future job roles by enhancing students’ specialized communication –vocabulary, grammar, tone, style and mechanics. Nowadays, to meet students’ underlyingneeds, we are challenged to diversify our teaching methods and find innovative ways tokeep students focused on the tasks. Test papers are designed to highlight the competence ofusing the language in authentic, everyday situations, covering economic, social andcultural aspects that are part of the environment in which the students will live and work.Syllabus redesign, materials design, careful materials selection and proactive teaching forvarious ESP contexts will enhance students’ soft skills and will ensure a betteremployability of applicants (students).With this in mind, the current paper set out to explore the tertiary level students’common mistakes in test papers scheduled in the end of-academic semester to identify theirstrengths, gain a better understanding of their weaknesses, and consequently assess ifstudents have acquired sufficient disciplinary content knowledge to write in future selecteddisciplinary genres such as journal articles and thematic projects for workshoppresentations.

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Rolul neologismelor frazeologice în presa scrisă şi audiovizuală

Author(s): Elena Museanu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2019

The neological lexical elements undoubtedly represent a cultural problem and its condition. Mainly because of the sources, the Romanian language neologisms, apart from the fact that they are numerous, are also extremely varied. They changed the lexical image of the language that we speak and brought it significantly close to the Western Romanic idioms, becoming a modern and efficient method of communication. As a result of the borrowings from western languages, Romanian language vocabulary in general, as well as our scientific terminology in particular, benefitted enormously, gaining a multitude of international terms.

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Dezvoltarea competențelor de lectură ale studentului-cititor în baza diverselor modalități de lectură

Author(s): Lidia Strah / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2019

With the purpose of efficiency of the Romanian language teaching-learning process, with the main focus n the professional orientation of the alolingual students, it is important to use the authentic teaching material during the formative process of acquisition of skills, particularly in the medical field. The authentic teaching material represents methods, models and terminological blocks based on real life communication situations of the medical students. The students are engaged in these methods of learning and evaluation as they will be valorised in the teaching process and create and environment closer to the compatibility of the communication competences with professional orientation. Such a teaching and learning strategy makes possible the formation and acquisition of a professional image in a present linguistic environment, under different forms of communication.

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Compatibilitatea competențelor specifice de comunicare ale studenților alolingvi la orele de limbă română

Author(s): Maria Pruteanu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2/2019

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ICT AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING AND LEARNING IN INDONESIA

Author(s): GAZALI LEMBAHO,ULINSA ULINSA,Muh SAFAR / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

Numerous variables contribute to the difficulty of Indonesian English Language Teaching (ELT), and a number of researchers and academics have determined that student results are insufficient. This study investigates Information and Communications Technology (ICT) as a viable option for tackling the complexities of Indonesian ELT and improving its outcomes. It studies ICT integration in English LTL in great detail, concentrating on how ICT has been used in this field. It examines the benefits and challenges of adopting ICT in language teaching and learning (LTL) in further detail. If applied in line with the principles of effective LTL, the integration of ICT has the potential to transform and improve the effectiveness of the current state of ELT in Indonesia, according to the findings of this study. The use of ICT will enable instructors to modify teaching and learning activities; to gradually change to a more studentcentered teaching style; to train students to take a more active role in learning; and to get access to a huge variety of authentic learning materials. In addition, the paper highlights the difficulties that may emerge when seeking to include ICT in the Indonesian English LTL. Consequently, suggestions for action are presented in the conclusion.

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APPLYING THE HIGH- AND LOW-CONTEXT COMMUNICATION CULTURE MODEL IN THE FOREIGN LANGUAGE ACQUISITION PROCESS: THE CASE OF KOREAN LANGUAGE IN THE LATVIAN CULTURE ENVIRONMENT

Author(s): Ildze Šķestere / Language(s): English Issue: Special/2025

In the global and changing world of the 21st century, the ability to communicate both with representatives of one’s own culture and those of a differing one, which requires the learning of different languages, retains importance. However, learning a language is not just about developing certain skills or memorizing grammar. Beyond that, language and its grammar carry information about the culture the language represents and from which it came. The context of language use is equally important, because the employed linguistic tools depend on it. The case of Korean language is a clear example of this – knowing the cultural cues and etiquette is just as important as being able to put together sentences grammatically. Following the theory developed by Edward Hall regarding high- and low-context communication cultures, this paper examines how the Korean language influenced by its high-context culture is acquired by Latvian students with a relatively lower-context culture as their background. A comparison of cultural practices and their linguistic expressions of both languages is made, enhanced with practical observations of what seems to be the most difficult to acquire from a high-context communication language. It is concluded that it is crucial to have a strong basis of cultural context and that certain aspects of politeness, ambiguous expressions and their practical usage in Korean are the most challenging for Latvian students. It is also concluded that this theoretical examination must be followed by a practical one.

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he Artificial Intelligence-related Superordinate Concepts and Terminological Variation in the English and Ukrainian Languages

Author(s): Jurgita Mikelionienė,Artemii Ponomarevskyi / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

This research is aimed at analyzing the artificial intelligence-related superordinate concepts in the English and Ukrainian languages and explaining the relevance of using terminological variations from the field of artificial intelligence (AI) in a particular context on the example of translation from English (EN) into Ukrainian (UK). The essence of terminological variation (TV) as a linguistic phenomenon, and possible reasons for its emergence are described. Terminological variants in the newly established field of artificial intelligence appear either in both EN and UK, or in one of those due to a specific understanding of objects and ideas in a particular language. The main concepts in EN and UK, which may include both terms and variants, in the field of AI are identified. On the example of building a basic concept model with the respect to the core concept of AI, the differences in understanding similar concepts in the EN and UK are explained. Considering these differences, the contextually motivated ways of using the artificial intelligence-related terms or TVs are provided in the examples of translation from EN into UK.

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First graders’ metalinguistic awareness of the societal prestige of the standard variety

Author(s): Krisztina Fehér / Language(s): English Issue: 21/2024

This paper discusses first graders’ linguistic biases in a Hungarian town where both the standard and the local varieties are used. Tests and interviews were conducted to determine whether the children who preferred the standard variety to the local dialect were able to verbalize their biases. In a preceding study conducted in the same town, kindergarteners of both genders preferred the standard variety but could not justify their linguistic choices. The current work showed that children became more judgmental and more aware of their biases in the first year of school. First graders commented on their preferences and followed the adult stereotype when describing the typical local speaker as “older, rural, male”. However, there was no evidence of gendered socialization in the children’s linguistic preferences. The qualitative change in the first graders’ metalinguistic awareness of the prestige of varieties highlights the impact of school on sociolinguistic acquisition.

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Jaunų lietuvių kilmės argentiniečių motyvacija mokytis lietuvių kalbos

Author(s): Lina Kalnaitytė,Loreta Vilkienė / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 21/2024

This paper aims to answer the following questions: (1) How strong is the target group’s motivation to learn the Lithuanian language?; (2) What is the impact of different motivational components on the learners’ motivation to learn Lithuanian?; and (3) What factors might motivate the subjects to learn the Lithuanian language? The study analyzed the responses of 33 Argentinians of Lithuanian origin living in Lithuania and Argentina to a sociolinguistic form, a motivation questionnaire, and five semi-structured qualitative interviews with young Argentinians of Lithuanian origin. Descriptive, inferential statistics and qualitative analysis (thematic analysis of the semi-structured interviews) were used for data analysis. The results indicate that the research group’s motivation to learn Lithuanian is quite strong. Participants are most strongly motivated by their positive attitudes toward the Lithuanian language, Lithuanians, and Lithuania, while the motivation of the ought-to L2 self is the weakest factor. Regression analysis revealed that the motivation of the ought-to L2 self is stronger among respondents living in Lithuania compared to those living in Argentina. Additionally, the attitudes of older respondents and those who have lived in Lithuania for a longer time toward the Lithuanian language, Lithuanians, and Lithuania are less positive than those of younger respondents and those who have lived in Lithuania for a shorter period. Respondents who reported a stronger Lithuanian identity also demonstrated a stronger motivation to learn Lithuanian.

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Анализ и оценка эффективности организационного и методического сопровождения образовательной деятельности на русском языке в системе образования Шри-Ланки

Author(s): Ekaterina A. Ilyina,Elena G. Khrisanova,Elena A. Danilova,Alexandra V. Nikinina,Svetlana V. Ilina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 6/2024

Introduction. The article examines the problem of promoting Russian as a foreign language in educational institutions in Sri Lanka. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of organizational and instructional guidance of teaching and learning in Russian in the Sri Lankan education system. Materials and Methods. The main research methods are the analysis of the educational system of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, the collection and generalization of data on the organizational and instructional support of teaching Russian as a foreign language in the schools of the country. At the diagnostic stage, questionnaires and interviews were conducted, which allowed to identify professional deficiencies and assess the professional level of Russian language teachers. Results. The authors identified key problems in the organization of Russian-language education in Sri Lanka. The results of the survey indicate the need to develop the material and technical equipment for teaching and learning at schools, develop effective organizational mechanisms, and provide instructional support for Russian language teachers. The analysis of existing methods of teaching Russian in Sri Lankan schools shows a low level of students’ language competencies, which is due to an insufficient number of qualified Russian teachers, the lack of a system for improving their qualifications and limited access to specialized teaching materials and educational resources. The expediency of updating the existing educational program for teaching the Russian language, taking into account the cultural and educational characteristics of the country, is substantiated. Conclusions. The research confirms the need to create a system of organizational and instructional support for teaching Russian as a foreign language in secondary schools in Sri Lanka, which will improve the quality of teaching and learning in the country and will contribute to strengthening bilateral humanitarian cooperation.

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Языковая система ребенка на этапе лексического взрыва: индивидуальное и типичное

Author(s): M.B. Eliseeva,K. А. Tossa / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2024

A longitudinal diary study on the formation of two young girls’ individual language systems was carried out. In both cases, the general language ability was tracked by considering its key components, including the phonetic, lexical, morphological, and syntactic ones, as well as imitation skills and early metalinguistic awareness. The relation between these components (autonomy or mutual influence) was examined. The MacArthur–Bates Communicative Development Inventories (CDI) were used as an auxiliary tool. The findings of the two case studies were compared with the published results of a systemic analysis based on the extensive MacArthur–Bates-CDI database on various components of general language ability. The comparisons revealed shared and individual language acquisition patterns in the early stages of speech ontogenesis. The obtained data are consistent with those reported in previous research: in the early stage of language acquisition, the speech of the girls was marked by an interaction between the phonetic (articulation of complex three- or four-syllable words), lexical (vocabulary growth), and morphological (learning grammatical categories) components, while the syntactic component progressed relatively autonomously; and then, during the later stage, morphological skills served more as a supportive mechanism that facilitated the construction of grammatically accurate syntactic structures.

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Valoarea afectivă a discursului didacic

Author(s): Argentina CHIRIAC,Ana Lopatiuc / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 3/2023

The didactic speech, being a speech with the aim of transmitting knowledge and teachings, is not limited only to the presentation of information, but also to the creation of an affective connection between the student and the teacher. The affective value of the didactic discourse represents its ability to inspire, motivate and emotionally stimulate those involved in the learning process. Affective value in didactic speech develops the interpersonal relationship between teacher and student. Through empathy and understanding, the teacher can adapt his/ her approach to the individual needs of the students, thus building a climate of trust and collaboration. Empathy is one of the essential factors in an effective educational process, and the spectrum of emotions in this process can be varied from positive emotions to negative emotions and vice versa. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate through practical examples this varied emotional universe of a didactic speech.

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